Multifunctional traction machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traction machines, in particular to a multifunctional traction machine which comprises a machine frame. The roller used for winding a steel wire rope is rotationally mounted on the rack; the motor used for driving the roller to rotate so as to wind and unwind the steel wire rope is mounted on the rack, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with the roller; a guiding device used for dragging the steel wire rope to synchronously drive the steel wire rope to horizontally move in the axis direction of the roller when the roller rotates is arranged on the rack, and a detection device used for making contact with the surface of the steel wire rope in real time to detect the damage condition of the steel wire rope is further installed on the dragging device. Compared with an existing traction machine, the outer surface of the steel wire rope is sleeved with the guide ring, the multiple probes are inserted into the guide ring from the outside, and the front ends of the probes make contact with the surface of the steel wire rope; the probe of the detection device can detect the surface damage degree of the steel wire rope in the process that the traction machine releases or winds the steel wire rope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traction machine technology, specifically a multi-functional traction machine. Background Technology

[0002] A traction machine is a device used to move and guide objects to a designated location, and it is frequently used in production and daily life. There are various types of traction machines, one of which uses a wire rope to pull objects. This type of traction machine uses a motor to drive the winding and unwinding of the wire rope coil to control the movement of the object hanging on the wire rope to the designated position, thus achieving the traction function. However, existing wire rope traction machines are prone to uneven arrangement and tangled winding of the wire rope during the winding process. After tangling and entanglement, the wire rope is prone to jamming, and cannot be wound and unwound normally according to the rotation of the wire rope coil. Moreover, when the wire rope jams during traction, the wear and tear on the wire rope under the pull of the heavy object will be further accelerated, and the wire rope is prone to damage or even breakage.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN217941396U, entitled "A Multifunctional Rope-Arranging Traction Machine," designs a second motor working with a connecting screw, a sliding sleeve, and a fixing ring to wind the wire rope. During the winding process, the traction wire rope moves along the axis of the roller used for winding, thus ensuring neat arrangement of the wire rope. A pressing roller is also used to prevent the wire rope from piling up. However, the method of using a motor to drive the connecting screw and the sliding sleeve to control the wire rope arrangement is not highly synchronized with the winding speed of the traction machine itself. If the second motor rotates too fast or too slow and cannot match the winding speed of the traction machine, the wire rope may still not be tightly arranged during winding, resulting in misalignment. While the pressing roller can prevent the wire rope from tangling and jamming, when the wire rope is wound in multiple layers, if the pressing roller is fixedly installed, space must be left in advance for the multiple layers of wire rope winding. If the speed at which the second motor drives the fixed ring cannot match the winding speed of the traction machine during the winding process, the wire rope can still tangle and jam. Even if a spring is used in conjunction with the pressing roller to press the wire rope during winding, the wire rope, when misaligned and tangled, can compress the spring and push the pressing roller upwards, but this still cannot prevent the wire rope from tangling and jamming.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing technology lacks equipment for real-time detection of wire rope quality. The thin steel wires that stick up after the wire rope is damaged or broken can easily cause the wire rope to jam during the winding and unwinding process. Furthermore, using a damaged wire rope to pull heavy objects can easily lead to safety accidents.

[0005] To address this issue, a multi-functional traction machine is proposed. This machine is designed for single-wound, double-wound, and triple-wound wire ropes. It solves the problems of wire rope entanglement and jamming that often occur during the winding and unwinding of wire ropes, as well as the safety hazards caused by the inability to perform real-time wire rope quality monitoring during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional traction machine. By setting a guide device that runs synchronously with the traction motor body of the traction machine, the wire rope moves synchronously along the axis of the winding roller during winding or unwinding, so that the wire rope is arranged tightly and regularly, avoiding misalignment and entanglement during winding. At the same time, a detection device is set on the guide device to detect the quality of the wire rope in real time during winding and unwinding.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-functional traction machine, comprising:

[0009] The machine includes a frame; a roller on which a roller for winding the wire rope is rotatably mounted; a motor, which can be a servo motor or a stepper motor, mounted on the frame to drive the roller to rotate for winding and unwinding the wire rope, with the output end of the motor fixedly connected to the roller; a guide device on the frame for traction of the wire rope along the roller axis, synchronously driving the wire rope to move horizontally as the roller rotates, the guide device being a cylinder, an electric cylinder, or other device or mechanism capable of driving the wire rope to move horizontally along the roller axis; and a detection device for real-time detection of wire rope damage, which can be infrared detection of external damage to the wire rope or other detection methods for surface damage detection.

[0010] The wire rope is evenly wound onto the rollers. A motor drives the rollers to rotate, releasing or rewinding the wire rope. During release or rewinding, a guiding device rotates the wire rope along the rollers, ensuring that misalignment and jamming do not occur, thus improving equipment stability. A detection device inspects the surface damage of the wire rope during release or rewinding, allowing users to assess its condition and prevent breakage during production, thereby enhancing equipment safety.

[0011] Preferably, the guiding device includes a screw frame fixedly mounted on a machine frame, a screw rotatably mounted on the screw frame, the axis of the screw being in the same direction as the axis of the roller, a nut mounted on the screw, and a slider fixedly mounted on the nut for driving the wire rope to move along the axis of the roller. The slider cooperates with the screw frame for limiting movement. During the rotation of the screw, the slider only moves horizontally and does not rotate with the screw. In addition to rotating, the screw can also slide along the axis of the screw frame. A gear one is fixedly mounted on one end of the roller, coaxial with the roller and rotating together with the roller. A gear two, meshing with gear one, is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw. The relationship between gear one and the slider's movement distance is: for every revolution of gear one, the distance the slider moves along the screw is exactly equal to the diameter of the wire rope. Gear 3 is fixedly installed at the other end of the roller. Gear 3 is also coaxial with the roller and rotates with it. Gear 4, which meshes with Gear 3, is fixedly installed on the frame. Gear 5 is fixedly installed at the other end of the lead screw. Gear 5 does not mesh with Gear 4 when Gear 1 and Gear 2 are meshing. When Gear 3 rotates one revolution, it drives the lead screw through the meshing gears 4 and 5, ultimately driving the slider to move a distance equal to the diameter of a steel wire rope. An electromagnet is fixedly installed on the frame to control the movement of the lead screw along the axial direction, thereby controlling the engagement or disengagement of Gear 5 and Gear 4. A spring 1 is provided between the electromagnet and the end face of the lead screw. Under normal circumstances, spring 1 pushes the lead screw away from the electromagnet, causing Gear 2 and Gear 1 to mesh in the same plane. At this time, Gear 5 and Gear 4 are not in the same plane, that is, Gear 5 does not mesh with Gear 4.

[0012] When the wire rope is released, the motor drives the roller to rotate in the forward direction. Gear 1 follows the roller and rotates in the same direction, driving gear 2 to rotate. Gear 2 then drives the lead screw to rotate, ultimately causing the slider to move horizontally along the roller axis. The slider's movement speed is controlled by setting the lead screw's lead and the transmission ratio of gear 1 and gear 2, so that the slider's movement speed matches the roller's release speed of the wire rope. Compared to using a separate drive device to control the lead screw's rotation to adjust the slider's movement speed, the gear meshing drive method is not affected by control factors and has a stronger and more stable match with the roller's rotation speed.

[0013] When the motor drives the roller to rotate in the opposite direction to retract the wire rope, the electromagnet starts and pulls the lead screw. The lead screw drives gear two to disengage from gear one, and simultaneously drives gear five to move to the same plane as gear four, so that gear five meshes with gear four. Because gear three and gear four are engaged and then transmit torque to gear five through gear four, the rotation direction of gear five is opposite to that of gear two. Therefore, the lead screw drives the slider to move in the opposite direction. During the retraction process, the slider also drives the wire rope to move horizontally in coordination with the retraction speed of the roller. Because the slider moves exactly one wire rope diameter distance for every rotation of the roller, the wire rope is tightly and neatly arranged when it is wound up, avoiding stacking and tangling during the winding process, preventing the wire rope from getting stuck, and improving the stability of the equipment.

[0014] It's worth noting that when releasing the wire rope, whether gear five engages with gear four first or gear two engages with gear one first can be chosen based on actual use; the order is not fixed. Additionally, to ensure smoother gear engagement, the tips of the teeth that interlock can be chamfered, making the insertion between the teeth smoother.

[0015] Preferably, the detection device includes a guide ring mounted on a slider, an alarm light fixedly mounted on the slider, and multiple probes for detecting damage to the wire rope slidably mounted on the guide ring. Each probe is evenly inserted into the guide ring circumferentially towards the center of the guide ring, and the diameter of the tip of the probe is smaller than the diameter of the wire twisted into the wire rope. Each probe is wound with a second spring, and each second spring presses the probe towards the center of the guide ring. The guide ring is provided with multiple switches that cooperate with the multiple probes, and each switch is electrically connected to a motor and an alarm light.

[0016] During operation, the wire rope is threaded through the guide ring. Each probe is pushed outward from the guide ring, compressing each spring. As the wire rope slides within the guide ring, each probe contacts and detects the surface of the wire rope. When a wire in the wire rope breaks, creating a dent, the probe opposite the dent is pushed into the dent by the spring. Simultaneously, the probe pressed a corresponding switch, stopping the motor and activating an alarm. This prompts workers to assess the wire rope damage and replace it promptly. Because the machine stops immediately upon insertion into the dent, workers can quickly locate the damage, reducing repair time and improving both safety and ease of use. Furthermore, the guide ring also detects defects during wire rope release, preventing damaged or defective wire ropes from being used for traction, thus minimizing safety hazards and accidents. When damage to the wire rope is detected and it needs to be replaced, the user can pull the probe out of the indentation on the wire rope, start the motor to slowly lower the object, and then replace the wire rope.

[0017] Preferably, the number of probes is no less than the number of wire strands in the outermost layer of the wire rope. To ensure that the probes perform comprehensive testing on the outermost layer of the wire rope as it passes the guide ring, the number of probes must be no less than the number of wire strands in the outermost layer of the wire rope. A higher number of probes results in higher testing accuracy; however, increasing the number of probes in the same installation space leads to thinner probes, which in turn reduces their strength and makes them more prone to bending, resulting in inaccurate subsequent testing. Furthermore, thinner probes make installation more difficult. Therefore, when using probes, the number and diameter of the probes should be selected based on the size of the wire rope, the number of wire strands in the outermost layer of the wire rope, and the diameter of that wire strand.

[0018] Furthermore, the tip of each probe is hemispherical. The hemispherical probe tip can reduce the wear of the probe on the surface of the wire rope, and at the same time, it can act as a guide when encountering dents or damage on the surface of the wire rope, making it easier for the probe to get into the dent and improving the detection accuracy.

[0019] Preferably, the top of the guide ring is provided with a lubrication chamber for storing lubricating oil, and the inside of the guide ring is provided with an annular groove, which communicates with the lubrication chamber. Each probe passes through the annular groove. Lubricating oil flows from the lubrication chamber into the annular groove and fills it. Because the surface of the wire rope is not a smooth curved surface, the probe will frequently slide within a small range. During this sliding, the probe is lubricated by the lubricating oil inside the annular groove, ensuring smooth sliding of each probe and preventing it from jamming and failing to detect accurately when the wire rope is damaged, thus improving the detection stability of the equipment. Simultaneously, the lubricating oil also flows along the probe to the tip, lubricating the tip and reducing the friction between the probe and the wire rope surface during the wire rope's passage through the guide ring. This reduces wear on the probe tip, ensures probe accuracy, and prevents the probe from shortening due to wear, causing it to press against the switch under the pressure of spring two and triggering an false alarm, further improving detection stability.

[0020] Preferably, the guide ring is rotatably mounted on the slider via a pivot, and the guide ring can swing back and forth. Two buttons are fixedly mounted on the slider, and these buttons are electrically connected to the motor and alarm light. The two buttons are located on the front and rear sides of the guide ring, respectively, and each button is connected to the guide ring by a spring. The two springs keep the guide ring vertical. When a wire in the steel cable breaks and protrudes, it will cause the guide ring to swing forward or backward as it passes over the guide ring, eventually causing the guide ring to press against the springs on the front or rear sides and press the corresponding button. The button sends a feedback signal to the system, which then controls the alarm light to sound and stops the motor. Workers can promptly check for damage to the steel cable at the guide ring and replace the steel cable as needed. If the wire rope is covered with large pieces of dirt, it may cause the guide ring to swing and press the button. At this time, the worker can check the condition of the wire rope in time and clean it in time to avoid the dirt affecting the use of the wire rope. Under normal use, due to the limit of two springs, the friction between the probe and the surface of the wire rope is not enough to drive the guide ring to press the buttons on the front and back sides.

[0021] Preferably, a pressure roller is rotatably mounted on the slider, located behind the guide ring. A smooth rod is fixedly mounted in front of the guide ring along the axis of the lead screw. A steel wire rope is pulled downwards along the underside of the pressure roller and passes through the center of the guide ring, then wraps around the top of the smooth rod. Under the constraint of the pressure roller and the smooth rod, the steel wire rope always passes horizontally through the guide ring. This ensures that the steel wire rope remains centered in the guide ring while passing through, preventing the steel wire rope at the center of the guide ring from tilting when pulling a heavy object, which could lead to the probe erroneously detecting a defect in the steel wire rope, thus further improving the stability and accuracy of the detection. Simultaneously, the arrangement of the pressure roller and the smooth rod allows the stress point of the steel wire rope to shift from the probe in contact with the steel wire rope to the pressure roller and the smooth rod when pulling a heavy object, reducing the stress on the probe and ensuring its service life.

[0022] Furthermore, a roller that cooperates with the wire rope is fitted onto the guide rod. The roller has an annular groove through which the wire rope passes. During release or rewinding, the sliding friction between the wire rope and the guide rod is transformed into rolling friction with the roller, reducing wear on the wire rope. This also reduces wear between the wire rope and the guide rod during rewinding or release as it moves with the slider, ensuring the wire rope's service life. A linear bearing can be used between the roller and the guide rod to further reduce friction, making the roller move more smoothly along the guide rod.

[0023] Preferably, multiple detection units for detecting the number of layers of wire rope wound are installed at both ends of the roller. These detection units employ laser distance sensors, proximity switches, or other mechanisms or devices capable of detecting the approach or departure of objects. All detection units are electrically connected to electromagnets. Taking the end of the roller where the wire rope is initially fixed as a reference, a detection unit is positioned above the side wall of the end furthest from the initially fixed wire rope. The detection unit is positioned at a distance equal to one wire rope diameter from the roller surface. If there are three layers of wire rope, another detection unit is positioned above the side wall of the roller end where the wire rope was initially fixed, positioned one wire rope diameter higher than the first detection unit. This pattern continues as the number of winding layers of wire rope increases, with detection units alternately positioned on both sides of the roller. It should be noted that no detection unit is positioned on the side wall of the roller where the last layer of wire rope is wound.

[0024] The detection unit controls the magnetism of the electromagnet. Initially, when the wire rope is released, the electromagnet is non-magnetic. The lead screw drives the slider to move along the roller in one direction as the wire rope is released. When the first coil of the lower layer is released and leaves the detection unit's range, the detection unit energizes the electromagnet, causing it to become magnetic. The electromagnet attracts the engagement of the gears at one end of the lead screw, ensuring the slider consistently moves in the direction of decreasing wire rope coils during release, thus maintaining a stable release speed. Conversely, the same applies when the wire rope is rewinding. The moment the electrical signal from any detection unit changes, the electromagnet switches from its current state to another (i.e., switching between energized and de-energized states). This ensures that the slider always moves in the direction of decreasing or increasing wire rope coils during both release and rewinding. It also prevents the wire rope from stacking or tangling during either process, preventing jamming.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. The multi-functional traction machine of the present invention, compared with existing traction machines, is equipped with a detection device for real-time detection of wire rope damage. The detection device is fitted with a guide ring on the outer surface of the wire rope, and multiple probes are inserted into the guide ring from the outside, with the tips of the probes contacting the surface of the wire rope. During the release or rewinding of the wire rope, the probes of the detection device will detect the degree of surface damage of the wire rope. When the surface of the wire rope has pits or depressions due to wire breakage, the probes will insert into the pits and trigger a switch, causing the motor to stop and the alarm light to sound. This allows the user to promptly inspect and replace the wire rope, avoiding the risk of wire rope breakage due to surface damage during traction, and improving the safety of the equipment.

[0027] 2. The multi-functional traction machine of the present invention uses gears to synchronously connect the rotation of the lead screw and the rotation of the roller, and uses electromagnets to control the engagement and disengagement between gear one and gear two, and gear four and gear five, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the lead screw. This ensures that the moving speed of the slider on the lead screw can always match the speed of wire rope release or rewinding, preventing the wire rope from getting tangled and jammed during release or rewinding due to a mismatch between the speed of the slider and the release or rewinding speed of the wire rope, thus ensuring the stability of the traction machine.

[0028] 3. The multi-functional traction machine of the present invention has detection units on both sides of the roller to detect the number of winding layers of wire rope. The detection units, in conjunction with the electromagnets, control the engagement and disengagement of the gears, so that when the wire rope is wound from one layer to the next (or released from one layer to the next), the slider can be controlled in time to follow the direction of the increase (or decrease) of the number of turns of the wire rope. This ensures that each layer of wire rope can be wound or released evenly, solving the problem that multi-layer wire ropes are prone to entanglement and jamming during the winding process, which leads to increased friction and reduced lifespan. This further improves the applicability and effectiveness of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the detection unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the slider, guide ring, and pressure roller of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide ring of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Roller; 3. Motor; 4. Lead screw frame; 5. Lead screw; 6. Nut; 7. Slider; 8. Gear 1; 9. Gear 2; 10. Gear 3; 11. Gear 4; 12. Gear 5; 13. Electromagnet; 14. Spring 1; 15. Guide ring; 16. Probe; 17. Spring 2; 18. Switch; 19. Detection unit; 20. Button; 21. Spring 3; 22. Pressure roller; 23. Smooth rod; 24. Roller; 25. Lubrication chamber; 26. Annular groove; 27. Alarm light. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Example 1: The wire rope is made of 6 strands of steel wire twisted together, each strand of steel wire has a diameter of 3mm, and the wire rope is wound around the roller in three layers when it is fully wound up.

[0038] refer to Figures 1 to 7A multi-functional traction machine includes: 1. a frame; 2. a roller; 3. a motor; 4. a lead screw frame; 5. a lead screw; 6. a lead screw nut; 7. a slider; 8. a gear one; 9. a gear two; 10. a gear three; 11. a gear four; 12. a gear five; 13. an electromagnet; 14. a spring one; 15. a guide ring; 16. a probe; 17. a spring two; 18. a switch; 19. a detection unit; 20. a button; 21. a spring three; 22. a pressure roller; 23. a guide rod; 24. a roller; 25. a lubrication chamber; 26. an annular groove; and 27. an alarm light.

[0039] The frame 1 is placed horizontally, and the roller 2 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The motor 3 is horizontally fixedly mounted on the frame 1, and the output end of the motor 3 is fixedly connected to the roller 2 by a coupling. The wire rope is located on the roller 2 near the motor 3 at the fixed end. The lead screw frame 4 is horizontally fixedly mounted on the frame 1 with bolts, and the lead screw frame 4 is parallel to the roller 2. The lead screw 5 is rotatably mounted on the lead screw frame 4, and the lead screw 5 is also parallel to the roller 2 and can slide along the axial direction. The lead screw 5 has the same lead as the diameter of the wire rope. A nut 6 is installed on the lead screw 5, and a slider 7 is fixedly mounted on the nut 6. An electromagnet 13 is set on the frame 1 near the motor 3, and the end face of the electromagnet 13 is aligned with that of the lead screw 5. A spring 14 is set between the electromagnet 13 and the lead screw 5. The roller 2 is close to the electromagnet 13. A gear 8 is fixedly installed at one end of the machine 3. Gear 8 rotates together with the roller 2. A gear 9 is fixedly installed on the side of the lead screw 5 near the motor 3. Gear 8 and gear 9 are the same size. Gear 9 meshes with gear 8 when the electromagnet 13 is not energized. A gear 10 is fixedly installed at the other end of the roller 2. Gear 10 also rotates together with the roller 2. A gear 11 is rotatably installed on the frame 1. Gear 11 meshes with gear 10. A gear 12 is fixedly installed on the lead screw 5 at the end away from gear 9. Gear 12 rotates with the lead screw 5. Gear 12 is offset from gear 11. When the electromagnet 13 is energized, the lead screw 5 is pulled towards the side of the motor 3, and then gear 12 meshes with gear 11. Gears 10, 11, and 12 are the same size.

[0040] An alarm light 27 is fixedly installed on the slider 7. A guide ring 15 is also rotatably installed on the slider 7 via a rotating shaft. The guide ring 15 can swing back and forth. A button 20 is provided at the front and rear of the guide ring 15. The button 20 is electrically connected to the alarm light 27 and the motor 3. A spring 21 is provided between the button 20 at the front and rear of the guide ring 15 and the guide ring 15. The two springs 21 keep the guide ring 15 in a vertical state when there is no external force. The guide ring 15 is composed of two rings joined together. Six circular holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the guide ring 15. The axis of each circular hole passes through the center of the guide ring 15. A probe 16 is slidably inserted inside each circular hole. The tip diameter of the probe 16 is 2.8mm and the tip of the probe 16 is hemispherical. Six springs 17 are also installed on the outside of the guide ring 15. The six springs 17 are respectively wound around the ends of the six probes 16. Each spring 17 presses the probe 16 towards the center of the guide ring 15. A switch 18 is provided between the end of each probe 16 and the outer wall of the guide ring 15. The switch 18 is a push-button type miniature tactile switch 18. Each switch 18 is electrically connected to the alarm light and the motor 3. A lubrication chamber 25 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide ring 15. The lubrication chamber 25 is filled with lubricating oil. An annular groove 26 is opened inside the guide ring 15, and each probe 16 passes through the annular groove 26. The annular groove 26 communicates with the lubrication chamber 25 at the top of the guide ring 15. A circular guide rod 23 is arranged parallel to the lead screw 5 along the axis of the lead screw 5 in front of each guide ring 15. A roller 24 is fitted on the guide rod 23. The roller 24 can slide along the guide rod 23 and rotate about the guide rod 23 as the axis. Behind the guide ring 15, that is, between the guide ring 15 and the roller 2, a pressure roller 22 is arranged. The pressure roller 22 is rotatably mounted on the slider 7 and moves with the slider 7. The bottom of the pressure roller 22 is at the same horizontal position as the top of the roller 24 and is aligned with the center of the guide ring 15.

[0041] A detection unit 19 is installed on the frame 1 on the side wall of the roller 2. The detection unit 19 uses infrared laser ranging detection. There are two detection units 19. One is located on the side wall of the frame 1 away from the fixed end of the wire rope on the roller 2, at a height of one wire rope diameter from the surface of the roller 2. The other detection unit 19 is located on the side wall of the frame 1 close to the fixed end of the wire rope, that is, on the side wall of the frame 1 above the fixed end of the wire rope, at a height of two wire rope diameters from the surface of the roller 2. The detection directions of the two detection units 19 are relatively parallel. Each detection unit 19 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 13. Each detection unit 19 detects whether there is an object 5mm in front of it.

[0042] The specific workflow is as follows:

[0043] Before operation: The wire rope is in a three-layer winding state, with the end located on the roller 2 at the end away from the motor 3. The slider 7 is also located on the side of the lead screw 5 away from the motor 3. The wire rope is passed around the pressure roller 22 from below and through the center of the guide ring 15. After the wire rope passes through the center of the guide ring 15, the probes 16 are pushed outwards towards the outside of the guide ring 15, the springs 17 are compressed, and all switches 18 are no longer pressed by the probes 16. Then, the wire rope is passed over the roller 24 on the smooth rod 23. At this time, the section of the wire rope between the pressure roller 22 and the roller 24 becomes horizontal.

[0044] During operation: Motor 3 starts rotating forward and releases the steel wire. At this time, electromagnet 13 is de-energized. Under the action of spring 14, gear 8 and gear 9 mesh with each other. While motor 3 is rotating forward and releasing the steel wire, gear 8 also rotates with roller 2. Gear 9 drives screw 5 to rotate. At this time, screw 5 will drive slider 7 to move horizontally from the end away from motor 3 towards the end of motor 3 as the steel wire rope is released. For every rotation of gear 8, gear 9 drives screw 5 to rotate once. For every rotation of screw 5, slider 7 will move the steel wire rope a distance equal to the diameter of the steel wire rope towards motor 3 under the action of screw 5. At this time, the steel wire rope has just wrapped around roller 2 once.

[0045] When the wire rope is released to the second layer, the slider 7 has already moved to the end closer to the motor 3 under the drive of the lead screw 5. At this time, the detection power supply located on the side closer to the motor 3 detects that there is no object in front and will give an electrical signal to the electromagnet 13. The electromagnet 13 changes state from unenergized to energized. At this time, the electromagnet 13 will attract the lead screw 5, the spring 14 will be compressed, the gear 2 9 will disengage from the gear 1 8, and the gear 5 12 will mesh with the gear 4 11. The direction of the lead screw 5 changes, and it begins to drive the wire rope to move away from the motor 3 along with the slider 7. This ensures that the slider 7 always moves in the direction of decreasing wire rope turns during the release process, so that the wire rope can be released evenly and smoothly, and the wire rope will not become tangled. When the cable is released to the last layer, the detection unit 19, located in the middle layer of the steel wire rope, detects that there is no object in front of it and sends an electrical signal to the electromagnet 13, causing the electromagnet 13 to change from the energized state to the de-energized state. This changes the meshing between the gears again and adjusts the movement direction of the slider 7 once more.

[0046] It should be noted that whenever motor 3 changes its direction of rotation, electromagnet 13 will change its state (from energized to de-energized or from de-energized to energized).

[0047] When the wire rope is being wound up, during the winding process, when the wire rope is wrapped around and spread to the bottom layer of roller 2, when the wire rope rotates to the second layer, it will block the detection unit 19 located in the middle layer. When the detection unit 19 detects that there is an object in front, it will send an electrical signal to the electromagnet 13, causing the electromagnet 13 to switch states, thereby changing the rotation direction of the lead screw 5 and the sliding direction of the slider 7. During the winding process, the slider 7 always moves the wire rope in the direction of increasing wire rope turns on roller 2, ensuring that the wire rope can be tightly and neatly wound on roller 2 during the winding process, without tangling or jamming, thus improving the service life of the wire rope.

[0048] During the release or rewinding of the wire rope, it continuously passes through the guide ring 15. The probe 16 on the guide ring 15 inspects the surface of the wire rope as it passes. If a broken wire creates a pit, the probe 16, aligned with the pit, will be pressed into the pit by the spring 21 as it passes the guide ring 15. Simultaneously, the probe 16 will press the corresponding switch 18, which will stop the motor 3 and activate the alarm light, reminding the user to inspect the wire rope and replace it in advance to prevent accidents during heavy lifting. Loose wires can also be detected using the probe 16.

[0049] If some of the steel wires break and stick up, when the sticking steel wires pass through the guide ring 15, they will pull the guide ring 15 forward (or backward) and deflect it. When the guide ring 15 deflects, it will squeeze the spring 3 21 in front (or behind), and eventually press the button 20 in front (or behind). The button 20 will also control the motor 3 to stop rotating and control the alarm light 27 to sound an alarm, reminding the user to perform maintenance in time.

[0050] Example 2: After the wire rope is fully wound, it is wrapped in a single layer on roller 2.

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is:

[0052] There is no need to set up a detection unit 19 to detect the number of layers of the wire rope to control the movement direction of the slider 7. The movement direction of the slider 7 can be changed simply by switching the state of the electromagnet 13 when the motor 3 switches between forward and reverse rotation.

[0053] The functions and implementation processes not described in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0054] The above two embodiments are merely illustrative examples among the many embodiments of the present invention. Various variations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. Embodiments created by those skilled in the art through modifications to the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional traction machine, comprising: Rack (1); Roller (2), a roller (2) for winding steel wire rope is rotatably mounted on the frame (1); Motor (3), the frame (1) is equipped with a motor (3) for driving the roller (2) to rotate to perform wire rope winding and unwinding; The feature is that: the frame (1) is provided with a guide device for traction wire rope to move horizontally along the axis of roller (2) when the roller (2) rotates, and the guide device is also equipped with a detection device for following the guide device to contact the surface of the wire rope in real time to detect the damage of the wire rope.

2. The multi-functional traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding device includes a screw frame (4) fixedly mounted on a frame (1), a screw (5) rotatably mounted on the screw frame (4), a screw nut (6) mounted on the screw (5), and a slider (7) fixedly mounted on the screw nut (6) for driving the wire rope to move along the axial direction of the roller (2). The screw (5) can slide along the axial direction on the screw frame (4). A gear 1 (8) is fixedly mounted on one end of the roller (2), and a gear 2 (9) meshing with the gear 1 (8) is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw (5). The other end of the roller (2) is fixedly mounted on... Gear 3 (10) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), and gear 4 (11) meshes with gear 3 (10). Gear 5 (12) is fixedly installed on the other end of the lead screw (5). Gear 5 (12) does not mesh with gear 4 (11) when gear 1 (8) meshes with gear 2 (9). An electromagnet (13) is fixedly installed on the frame (1) to control the movement of the lead screw (5) along the axial direction to control the meshing or separation of gear 5 (12) and gear 4 (11). A spring 1 (14) is provided between the electromagnet (13) and the end face of the lead screw (5).

3. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes a guide ring (15) mounted on a slider (7). Multiple probes (16) for detecting wire rope damage are slidably mounted on the guide ring (15). Each probe (16) is evenly inserted into the guide ring (15) circumferentially towards the center of the guide ring (15). Each probe (16) is wound with a second spring (17). Each second spring (17) presses the probe (16) towards the center of the guide ring (15). Multiple switches (18) are provided on the guide ring (15) to cooperate with the multiple probes (16). An alarm light (27) is fixedly mounted on the slider (7). Each switch (18) is electrically connected to the motor (3) and the alarm light (27).

4. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple detection units (19) for detecting the number of wire rope winding layers are installed at both ends of the roller (2). After detecting a change in the number of wire rope winding layers on the roller (2), the detection unit (19) switches the state of the electromagnet (13) to control the movement direction of the slider (7).

5. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide ring (15) is rotatably mounted on the slider (7) via a rotating shaft, and the guide ring (15) can swing back and forth. Two buttons (20) are fixedly mounted on the slider (7). The two buttons (20) are located on the front and back sides of the guide ring (15) respectively. Both buttons (20) are electrically connected to the motor (3) and the alarm light (27). A spring (21) is provided between each button (20) and the guide ring (15).

6. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure roller (22) is rotatably mounted on the slider (7). The pressure roller (22) is located behind the guide ring (15). A smooth rod (23) is fixedly mounted in front of the guide ring (15) along the axis of the lead screw (5). The pressure roller (22) and the smooth rod (23) restrict the steel wire rope from passing horizontally through the guide ring (15).

7. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The polished rod (23) is fitted with a roller (24) that works in conjunction with the wire rope to reduce the friction between the wire rope and the polished rod (23) during the movement of the wire rope with the slider (7).

8. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the guide ring (15) is provided with a lubrication chamber (25) for storing lubricating oil. The inside of the guide ring (15) is provided with an annular groove (26), which communicates with the lubrication chamber (25). Each probe (16) passes through the annular groove (26).

9. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of probes (16) is not less than the number of wire strands twisted into the outermost loop of the wire rope.

10. A multi-functional traction machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tip of each of the probes (16) is hemispherical.

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