Oil pipe reversing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to an oil pipe back-off device which comprises a sun wheel shaft, a reversing mechanism, an anchoring mechanism and a speed reducing and torque increasing mechanism are connected to the sun wheel shaft, and the reversing mechanism is suitable for being connected with a drill rod and used for achieving direction conversion and power transmission between the drill rod and the sun wheel shaft. The speed-reducing and torque-increasing mechanism is suitable for reversing the torque of the sun wheel shaft and transmitting the torque to the anchoring mechanism so as to drive the anchoring mechanism to anchor a pipe column of an oil pipe, and the speed-reducing and torque-increasing mechanism is suitable for being connected with a fishing spear so that when the anchoring mechanism anchors the pipe column, the speed-reducing and torque-increasing mechanism converts first power of the sun wheel shaft into second power and transmits the second power to the fishing spear for back-off; wherein the rotating speed of the first power is larger than that of the second power, and the torque of the first power is smaller than that of the second power. The oil pipe back-off device is compact in structure, the back-off torque can be effectively and stably transmitted to an underground pipe column, and the back-off operation requirement in a small-diameter sleeve is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development technology, and more specifically, to a tubing reversing device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing reverse-cashing retrieval devices are often designed for conventional wellbore sizes, and are poorly adaptable to small wellbore inner diameters. Small wellbore inner diameters restrict the movement of the tubing string within the well, leading to a significant increase in frictional resistance when rotating the tubing string for reverse-cashing. This increased frictional resistance consumes a large amount of torque, reducing the effective torque transmitted to the retrieval tool and making it difficult to achieve the torque requirements for reverse-cashing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tubing reversing device. This tubing reversing device has a compact structure and can effectively and stably transmit the reversing torque to the downhole tubing string, meeting the reversing operation requirements in small-diameter casing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a tubing reversing device, including a sun gear shaft. A reversing mechanism, an anchoring mechanism, and a speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism are connected to the sun gear shaft. The reversing mechanism is adapted to connect to the drill pipe to realize direction conversion and power transmission between the drill pipe and the sun gear shaft. The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism is adapted to reverse and amplify the torque of the sun gear shaft and output it to the anchoring mechanism to drive the anchoring mechanism to anchor the tubing string. The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism is adapted to connect to a retrieval spear so that when the anchoring mechanism anchors the tubing string, the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism converts the first power of the sun gear shaft into a second power and transmits it to the retrieval spear for reversing. The rotational speed of the first power is greater than the rotational speed of the second power, and the torque of the first power is less than the torque of the second power.

[0005] Optionally, the reversing mechanism includes a bevel gear connector, a bevel gear output shaft, and a reversing element. One end of the reversing element is linked to the bevel gear connector, and the other end is linked to the bevel gear output shaft, so that the rotation directions of the bevel gear connector and the bevel gear output shaft are opposite. The bevel gear connector is adapted to be connected to the drill pipe as a power input element, and the bevel gear output shaft is adapted to be connected to the sun gear shaft as a power output element.

[0006] Optionally, the reversing component includes at least one bevel gear located between the bevel gear connector and the bevel gear output shaft, with one end of each bevel gear engaging with the bevel gear connector and the other end engaging with the bevel gear output shaft.

[0007] Optionally, there are two bevel gears, with the bevel tooth surfaces of the two bevel gears arranged opposite each other.

[0008] Optionally, the reversing mechanism further includes a bevel gear sleeve and a pin, wherein the bevel gear is fixed inside the bevel gear sleeve by the pin.

[0009] Optionally, the tubing reversing device further includes an external connector, one end of which is connected to the drill pipe, and the other end is connected to the reversing mechanism via a first mating connector, so as to transmit the torque of the drill pipe to the reversing mechanism.

[0010] Optionally, the oil pipe buckling device may also include a friction mechanism located outside the sun gear shaft.

[0011] Optionally, the friction mechanism includes a straightening block seat connected to the outside of the sun gear shaft. The outer periphery of the straightening block seat is provided with grooves at intervals, and each groove is provided with a straightening block. The straightening block is connected to the bottom surface of the groove through a straightening elastic element.

[0012] Optionally, the friction mechanism further includes a pressure cap for pressing the straightening block into the groove of the straightening block seat.

[0013] Optionally, the anchoring mechanism includes a central tube sleeved on the sun gear shaft and an anchor claw seat sleeved on the central tube. The outer periphery of the anchor claw seat is provided with guide grooves at intervals, and each guide groove is provided with an anchor claw. The bottom of the anchor claw is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the central tube so that the anchor claw can be extended and anchored by rotating the central tube.

[0014] Optionally, the anchoring mechanism further includes a retaining ring and a shear pin. The retaining ring is sleeved on the central tube and is adapted to abut against the end of the anchor claw away from the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism. The shear pin is adapted to penetrate the anchor claw seat and the retaining ring to limit the axial displacement of the anchor claw in the central tube.

[0015] Optionally, the central tube is provided with a multi-toothed ratchet, the bottom of the anchor claw is provided with a protrusion, the multi-toothed ratchet is correspondingly provided with the protrusion, and the bottom shape of the protrusion is adapted to the outer peripheral surface of the multi-toothed ratchet.

[0016] Optionally, the multi-tooth ratchet is provided with multiple ratchets, and a release groove is formed between adjacent multi-tooth ratchets and between the multi-tooth ratchet and the stepped structure of the central tube. The release groove is adapted to accommodate the protrusion of the anchor claw when the central tube cuts the shear pin and moves relative to the anchor claw.

[0017] Optionally, the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism includes a ring gear, a first-stage planetary gear, a planetary gear carrier, a second-stage planetary gear, and a planetary carrier output shaft. The first-stage planetary gear meshes with the sun gear shaft and the ring gear, respectively. The first-stage planetary gear is connected to the planetary gear carrier. The second-stage planetary gear meshes with the planetary gear carrier and is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft.

[0018] Optionally, the tubing buckling device further includes a first pressure cap, which is connected to the gear ring and the center tube.

[0019] Optionally, the tubing buckling device further includes a first pressure cap, a connecting shaft, and a second mating joint. The first pressure cap is connected to the gear ring and the connecting shaft, respectively, and the connecting shaft is connected to the central tube through the second mating joint.

[0020] Optionally, the tubing reversing device further includes a second pressure cap, which is connected to the gear ring and the planetary carrier output shaft respectively.

[0021] Optionally, the planetary carrier output shaft has a socket section, a screw section, and a plug section, wherein the radial cross-section of the socket section is circular, the screw section is threaded, and the radial cross-section of the plug section is a regular polygon.

[0022] Optionally, the tubing reversing device further includes: a torque transmission tube cap for fitting onto the socket section of the planetary carrier output shaft; a lock nut for threaded connection with the threaded section of the planetary carrier output shaft; and a reverse-thread drill pipe connector, one end of which has a slot adapted to be inserted into the insertion section of the planetary carrier output shaft, and the reverse-thread drill pipe connector is connected to the torque transmission tube cap.

[0023] Optionally, the reverse-threaded drill pipe connector (14) is adapted to connect to the reamer at the other end of the slot so as to transmit the torque of the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7) to the reamer.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, when the tubing reversing device provided by the present invention is performing reversing operations, the drill pipe is connected to the reversing mechanism, and the retrieval spear is connected to the deceleration and torque amplification mechanism. After being lowered into the well, it docks with the tubing string to be reversed in the well. A positive torque is applied to the drill pipe through the ground. The torque is transmitted to the reversing mechanism through the drill pipe. The reversing mechanism converts the positive torque into a negative torque and transmits it to the sun gear shaft. The deceleration and torque amplification mechanism can convert the negative torque of the sun gear shaft into a positive torque and increase the output of this torque to the anchoring mechanism, so that the anchoring mechanism anchors the tubing string. At this time, the deceleration and torque amplification mechanism can decelerate the negative torque of the sun gear shaft and increase the output of the retrieval spear to achieve reversing. The tubing reversing device of the present invention achieves efficient and stable torque direction conversion and amplification through the combination of a reversing mechanism and a speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism, which can effectively avoid insufficient effective torque at the spear-finding point, thereby improving the efficiency and success rate of reversing operations. The tubing reversing device of the present invention, through its flexible torque conversion mechanism, can adapt to the reversing operation requirements under different working conditions. The present invention separates the power transmission for driving the anchoring mechanism and driving the spear-finding through the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism, which is beneficial to the reliability and stability of anchoring and the stability of reversing operations.

[0025] Other advantages of the present invention and the technical effects of preferred embodiments will be further described in the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the oil pipe inverted buckle device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the reversing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the friction mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the anchoring mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a radial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the anchoring mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0034] 1-External connector; 2-First mating connector; 3-Reversing mechanism; 3-1-Bevel gear sleeve; 3-2-Bevel gear connector; 3-3-Bevel gear; 3-4-Pin shaft; 3-5-Bevel gear output shaft; 3-6-Adapter connector; 3-7-Outer sleeve; 4-Sun gear shaft; 5-Friction mechanism; 5-1-Gland; 5-2-Straightening block; 5-3-Straightening elastic element; 5-4-Straightening block seat; 6-Anchoring mechanism; 6-1-Center tube; 6-2-Anchor claw; 6-3-Anchor claw seat; 6-4 - Retaining ring; 6-5 - Shear pin; 6-6 - Multi-tooth ratchet; 7 - Second mating joint; 8 - First pressure cap; 9 - Connecting shaft; 10 - Speed ​​reduction and torque increasing mechanism; 10-1 - Gear ring; 10-2 - First-stage planetary gear; 10-3 - First planetary pin; 10-4 - Planetary gear carrier; 10-5 - Second-stage planetary gear; 10-6 - Second planetary pin; 10-7 - Planetary carrier output shaft; 11 - Second pressure cap; 12 - Torque transmission tube pressure cap; 13 - Locking nut; 14 - Reverse-thread drill pipe joint. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to abutment; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the description of this invention, some directional terms used to clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this invention, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," are analogous to the directions that the oil pipe reversing device normally refers to during operation. It should be understood that the directional terms are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features.

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this invention, some terms are explained below: "Fish top" refers to the top of a fallen fish (or object). A fallen fish is an object that falls into a well during drilling, well repair, or oil and gas extraction due to various reasons (such as tool breakage or detachment). "Fish top" is the topmost part of these fallen objects.

[0040] In one basic embodiment of the present invention, see [link to original text]. Figure 1 The oil pipe reverse coupling device includes the sun gear shaft 4, and from Figure 1 From the indicated orientation, the sun gear shaft 4 is connected, from top to bottom, to a reversing mechanism 3, an anchoring mechanism 6, and a speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10. The other end of the reversing mechanism 3 is adapted to connect to the drill pipe. The other end of the drill pipe is connected to the drive unit via a turntable system. The drive unit is connected to the control system, allowing the operator to control the rotation speed and direction of the drill pipe through the control system. The other end of the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 is connected to a retrieval spear, which can retrieve the oil pipe coupling at the top of the fish. When the drill pipe is driven to rotate via the turntable system on the ground, the reversing mechanism 3 can reverse the torque direction of the drill pipe and transmit it to the sun gear shaft 4, causing the sun gear shaft 4 to output torque to the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 in the opposite torque direction to that of the drill pipe. The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 can then reverse the torque transmitted by the sun gear shaft 4 again and output it to the anchoring mechanism, enabling the anchoring mechanism to anchor the pipe string. At this time, the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 converts the first power transmitted by the sun gear shaft 4 into a second power output to the retrieval spear for inverting. The rotational speed of the first power is greater than that of the second power, and the torque of the first power is less than that of the second power. In the above basic implementation, it is conceivable that the drill rod, the retrieval spear, the rotary table system, and the drive device can all be devices and equipment commonly used in the art, which will not be elaborated on here.

[0041] The tubing reversing device provided in the basic embodiment of this invention has the following specific usage process: The reversing mechanism of the tubing reversing device is connected to the drill pipe, and the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism is connected to the retrieval spear before being lowered into the well where the reversing operation needs to be performed. After reaching the designated position, the retrieval spear retrieves the tubing coupling at the top of the well. At this time, the tubing below the top of the well can be retrieved from the surface. When the tubing reversing device is performing the reversing operation, it mainly has a first working state and a second working state. The first working state is the working state when the tubing reversing device is not anchored to the tubing string, and the second working state is the working state after the tubing reversing device is anchored to the tubing string. In the first working state, the reversing mechanism 3 reverses the torque input from the drill pipe and transmits it to the sun gear shaft 4. The sun gear shaft 4 outputs the reversed torque to the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10. The reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 reverses the torque input from the sun gear shaft 4 again and amplifies the torque output to the anchoring mechanism 6. The direction of the torque output from the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 to the anchoring mechanism 6 is the same as the direction of the torque output from the drill pipe. Driven by this torque, the anchoring mechanism 6 anchors the tubing string. At this time, the tubing reversing device enters the second working state. In the second working state of the tubing reversing device, the reversing mechanism 3 reverses the torque output from the drill pipe and transmits it to the sun gear shaft 4. The sun gear shaft 4 outputs the reversed torque to the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10. At this time, because the anchoring mechanism anchors the tubing string, the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 can convert the first power of the sun gear shaft 4 into a second power output to the retrieval spear, causing the retrieval spear to reverse open the lower tubing. The rotation direction of the first power is the same as the rotation direction of the second power, the rotation speed of the first power is greater than the rotation speed of the second power, and the torque of the first power is less than the torque of the second power. The inverted locking device of the present invention separates the power transmission of the anchoring column of the anchoring mechanism from the power transmission of the driving spear inverted locking oil pipe through two working states, so as to achieve the stability and reliability of the anchoring column of the anchoring mechanism, thereby ensuring the high efficiency and success rate of the inverted locking operation.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the reversing mechanism 3, refer to Figure 2The reversing mechanism 3 includes a bevel gear connector 3-2, a bevel gear output shaft 3-5, and a reversing element. One end of the reversing element is linked to the bevel gear connector 3-2, and the other end is linked to the bevel gear output shaft 3-5, so that the rotation directions of the bevel gear connector 3-2 and the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 are opposite. A driving bevel gear may be integrally formed on the bevel gear connector 3-2, and a driven bevel gear may be integrally formed on the bevel gear output shaft 3-5. The bevel tooth surfaces of the driving and driven bevel gears are arranged opposite to each other. The structural sizes of the driving and driven bevel gears may be completely identical or not completely identical. Different output torques and speeds can be obtained by changing parameters such as the number of teeth, module, pressure angle, and tooth width of the driving and driven bevel gears. The central axis of the bevel gear connector 3-2 and the central axis of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 are basically located on the central axis of the tubing reverse coupling device. The end of the bevel gear connector 3-2 away from the bevel tooth surface is suitable for connection with the drill pipe as a power input component, and the end of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 away from the bevel tooth surface is suitable for connection with the sun gear shaft 4 as a power output component.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the reversing member, the reversing member includes at least one bevel gear 3-3 located between the bevel gear joint 3-2 and the bevel gear output shaft 3-5. One end of each bevel gear 3-3 meshes with the driving bevel gear on the bevel gear joint 3-2, and the other end meshes with the driven bevel gear on the bevel gear output shaft 3-5. Preferably, the angle between the rotation axes of each bevel gear 3-3 and the driving bevel gear of the bevel gear joint 3-2 and the driven bevel gear of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 is 90°.

[0044] In some embodiments, a single bevel gear 3-3 may be provided, and a single bevel gear 3-3 simultaneously meshes with the driving bevel gear of the bevel gear connector 3-2 and the driven bevel gear of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5. In some embodiments, two bevel gears 3-3 may be provided, with the bevel tooth surfaces of the two bevel gears 3-3 arranged opposite to each other. The two bevel gears 3-3 simultaneously mesh with the driving bevel gear of the bevel gear connector 3-2 and the driven bevel gear of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5, and the helical directions of the two bevel gears 3-3 are opposite, so that the rotation direction of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 is opposite to the rotation direction of the bevel gear connector 3-2. In the above embodiments, different output torques and speeds can be obtained by adjusting the transmission ratio between the bevel gear 3-3 and the driving bevel gear of the bevel gear connector 3-2, and in a preferred case, the structural parameters of the two bevel gears 3-3 are the same.

[0045] In some embodiments, the reversing mechanism 3 further includes a bevel gear sleeve 3-1 and a pin 3-4. The bevel gear 3-3 can be fixed inside the bevel gear sleeve 3-1 by the pin 3-4. The bevel gear connector 3-2 and the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 can be rotatably connected to the bevel gear sleeve 3-1 by bearing components. In embodiments with two bevel gears 3-3, a bushing is provided between the two bevel gears 3-3 and the pin 3-4 to enable circumferential sliding between the two bevel gears 3-3 and the pin 3-4. The reversing mechanism 3 also includes an adapter 3-6 and an outer sleeve 3-7. The end of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 away from the bevel gear connector 3-2 is connected to the sun gear shaft 4 through the adapter 3-6 so that the torque of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 can be transmitted to the sun gear shaft 4. The outer sleeve 3-7 is fitted onto the adapter 3-6 and the sun gear shaft 4, and seals are provided between the outer sleeve 3-7 and the adapter 3-6, and between the outer sleeve 3-7 and the sun gear shaft 4, to prevent the downhole environment (such as groundwater, formation pressure, etc.) from affecting the performance of the transmission components inside the outer sleeve 3-7, which helps to extend the service life of the reversing mechanism 3.

[0046] Based on the preferred embodiment of the reversing mechanism 3 described above, the working process of the reversing mechanism 3 is mainly as follows: the drill rod drives the bevel gear joint 3-2 to rotate, the bevel gear joint 3-2 drives the two bevel gears 3-3 to rotate on the pin shaft 3-4, and the two bevel gears 3-3 together drive the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 to rotate, thereby realizing the reversal.

[0047] In some embodiments, the tubing reversing device of the present invention further includes an external connector 1, one end of which is connected to the drill pipe, and the other end is connected to the reversing mechanism 3 via a first mating connector 2, so as to transmit the torque of the drill pipe to the reversing mechanism 3. Specifically, based on a preferred embodiment of the reversing mechanism 3, the other end of the external connector 1 is connected to a bevel gear connector 3-2 via the first mating connector 2, so that the drill pipe transmits torque to the bevel gear connector 3-2 through the external connector 1 and the first mating connector 2. In addition, the bevel gear connector 3-2 and the external connector 1 can be integrally formed, that is, the bevel gear connector 3-2 and the external connector 1 are coaxial.

[0048] In some embodiments, the tubing reverse coupling device of the present invention further includes a friction mechanism 5 located outside the sun gear shaft 4, so that when the tubing reverse coupling device is lowered into the well, a certain frictional resistance is generated with the pipe wall, so as to ensure the stability of the tubing reverse coupling device in the well and reduce the energy loss caused by the shaking of the tubing reverse coupling device.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the friction mechanism 5, refer to Figure 3The friction mechanism 5 includes a centering block seat 5-4 connected to the outside of the sun gear shaft 4, and the centering block seat 5-4 does not rotate with the rotation of the sun gear shaft 4. Grooves are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the centering block seat 5-4, and each groove contains a centering block 5-2. Multiple mounting slots are provided at the end of the centering block 5-2 near the bottom of the groove. One end of the centering elastic element 5-3 is connected to the mounting slot of the centering block 5-2, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the groove. The number, free length, and deformation of the centering elastic elements 5-3 can be considered and selected based on the actual diameter of the oil and gas well, the required range of relative movement between the centering block 5-2 and the inner wall of the tubing, and the overall stability of the tubing buckling device, etc., which will not be elaborated further here. In the above embodiment, the centering elastic element 5-3 can be one of a helical spring, a rubber elastic element, or a leaf spring. The friction mechanism 5 may also include a pressure cap 5-1, which is located on the outside of the sun gear shaft 4. The pressure cap 5-1 is used to press the straightening block 5-2 into the groove of the straightening block seat 5-4, so as to limit the axial and circumferential displacement of the straightening block 5-2 and ensure that the straightening block 5-2 always moves radially within the groove of the straightening block seat 5-4 under the action of the straightening elastic member 5-3. This is beneficial to the swing and vibration of the tubing reverse coupling device under complex well conditions, especially when the well diameter is small or there is a reduction in diameter. It can reduce the gap between the tubing reverse coupling device and the well wall and prevent the tubing reverse coupling device from getting stuck downhole.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the anchoring mechanism 6, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The anchoring mechanism 6 includes a central tube 6-1 sleeved on the sun gear shaft 4. Specifically, the central tube 6-1 is loosely sleeved on the sun gear shaft 4, so that both the central tube 6-1 and the sun gear shaft 4 can rotate independently. One end of the central tube 6-1 is connected to the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10, and the other end extends to the friction mechanism 5 and is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 3-7. Anchor claw seats 6-3 are sleeved on the central tube 6-1. The outer periphery of the anchor claw seats 6-3 is provided with U-shaped guide grooves at intervals. Anchor claws 6-2 are provided in each guide groove. The bottom of the anchor claws 6-2 is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the central tube 6-1, so that the anchor claws 6-2 can be driven to extend out of the guide grooves and anchor the column by rotating the central tube 6-1.

[0051] In some embodiments, to prevent the anchor claw from being unable to retract due to the tubing not being able to be reversed, the anchoring mechanism 6 further includes a retaining ring 6-4 and a shear pin 6-5. In this embodiment, the open end of the U-shaped guide groove on the anchor claw seat 6-3 abuts against or connects to the end of the centering block seat 5-4, and the axial dimension of the U-shaped guide groove is larger than the axial dimension of the anchor claw 6-2. At this time, the retaining ring 6-4 is sleeved on the central tube 6-1, and the retaining ring 6-4 is adapted to abut against the end of the anchor claw 6-2 away from the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism 10. The shear pin 6-5 penetrates the anchor claw seat 6-3 and the retaining ring 6-4. The retaining ring 6-4 and the shear pin 6-5 can limit the axial displacement of the anchor claw 6-2 in the central tube 6-1, thereby ensuring the stability of the tubing reversed device during anchoring. When the central tube 6-1 cannot drive the anchor claw 6-2 to retract, the anchor claw 6-2 can be retracted by pulling up the central tube 6-1 to break the shear pin 6-5, avoiding a stuck well accident. In the above embodiments, the shearing nail 6-5 can be made of copper to reduce the resistance to break the shearing nail when the central tube 6-1 is lifted.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 A multi-toothed ratchet 6-6 is provided on the central tube 6-1. The multi-toothed ratchet 6-6 can be integrally formed with the central tube 6-1 or fixedly sleeved on the central tube 6-1. The bottom of the anchor claw 6-2 has a protrusion. The multi-toothed ratchet 6-6 is correspondingly provided with the protrusion of the anchor claw 6-2, and the bottom shape of the protrusion is adapted to the outer peripheral surface of the multi-toothed ratchet 6-6. The number of teeth of the multi-toothed ratchet 6-6 corresponds to the number of anchor claws 6-2. In a preferred embodiment, the multi-toothed ratchet 6-6 is a three-toothed ratchet. Correspondingly, there are three anchor claws 6-2. The surface of the anchor claw 6-2 that contacts the inner wall of the oil pipe is serrated, and the surface that contacts the three-toothed ratchet is arc-shaped. Since each tooth of the multi-toothed ratchet 6-6 has a curved profile extending outward from the center point, the gap between adjacent teeth and the anchor claw seat 6-3 varies from large to small or from small to large. Figure 5 The directions shown are for reference only. Figure 5 The reference diagram shows the anchor claw 6-2 extending from the anchor claw seat 6-3. When the multi-tooth ratchet 6-6 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the central tube 6-1, the anchor claw 6-2 will fall into the larger gap between adjacent teeth, thus retracting the anchor claw 6-2. When the multi-tooth ratchet 6-6 rotates clockwise under the drive of the central tube 6-1, the space of the anchor claw 6-2 in the anchor claw seat 6-3 is gradually squeezed by the multi-tooth ratchet 6-6, thus extending the anchor claw 6-2.

[0053] In some embodiments, multiple multi-tooth ratchet wheels 6-6 are provided, and release grooves are formed between adjacent multi-tooth ratchet wheels 6-6 and between the multi-tooth ratchet wheels 6-6 and the stepped structure of the central tube 6-1. The release grooves are suitable for accommodating the protrusions of the anchor claw 6-2 when the central tube 6-1 cuts the shear pin 6-5 and moves relative to the anchor claw 6-2. In one specific embodiment, two multi-tooth ratchet wheels 6-6 are integrally formed on the central tube 6-1. Correspondingly, the bottom of the anchor claw 6-2 has two protrusions. Then, release grooves are formed between adjacent multi-tooth ratchet wheels 6-6 and between the multi-tooth ratchet wheels 6-6 near the stepped structure of the central tube 6-1 and the stepped structure. The axial dimension of the release groove is larger than the axial dimension of the protrusion of the anchor claw 6-2. When the shear pin 6-5 is not sheared, the stepped structure of the central tube 6-1 is adapted to abut against the lower end face of the anchor claw seat 6-3. When the shear pin 6-5 is sheared, the stepped structure of the central tube 6-1 is adapted to slide on the inner wall of the anchor claw seat 6-3. The directional terms used in the above embodiments are all based on... Figure 1 The orientation shown by the inverted oil pipe device.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism 10, see reference... Figure 6The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 includes a gear ring 10-1, a first-stage planetary gear 10-2, a planetary gear carrier 10-4, a second-stage planetary gear 10-5, and a planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. The first-stage planetary gear 10-2 meshes with both the sun gear shaft 4 and the gear ring 10-1. The first-stage planetary gear 10-2 is connected to the planetary gear carrier 10-4. The second-stage planetary gear 10-5 meshes with the planetary gear carrier 10-4 and is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. Specifically, the gear ring 10-1 contains the connecting ends of multiple first-stage planetary gears 10-2, planetary gear carriers 10-4, multiple second-stage planetary gears 10-5, and the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. The first-stage planetary gear 10-2 can be connected to the planetary gear carrier 10-4 via the first planetary pin 10-3, and the second-stage planetary gear 10-5 can be connected to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 via the second planetary pin 10-6. One end of the planetary gear carrier 10-4 is connected to the sun gear shaft 4 via a bearing, and the other end is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 via a bearing. Based on the above embodiment, the transmission process of the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 is mainly divided into two types. The first type is when the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 is fixed, the sun gear shaft 4 transmits power to the gear ring 10-1 through the first-stage planetary gear 10-2, and the gear ring 10-1 transmits power to the central tube 6-1. The second type is when the gear ring 10-1 is fixed, the sun gear shaft 4 transmits power sequentially to the second-stage planetary gear 10-5 through the first-stage planetary gear 10-2 and the planetary gear carrier 10-4, and then the second-stage planetary gear 10-5 transmits power to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. In the above embodiments, the number of primary planetary gears 10-2 and secondary planetary gears 10-5 can be selected according to actual usage requirements to obtain different torque transmission ratios and transmission efficiencies. Furthermore, primary planetary gears 10-2 and secondary planetary gears 10-5 can have the same structural parameters or different structural parameters. The size ratio of primary planetary gears 10-2 and secondary planetary gears 10-5 can be reasonably adjusted according to specific transmission requirements and objectives to achieve the best torque transmission effect. For example, the size of secondary planetary gear 10-5 is slightly larger than that of primary planetary gear 10-2, thereby improving the ability of secondary planetary gear 10-5 to receive and transmit torque, which helps reduce the risk of damage to secondary planetary gear 10-5 due to excessive torque. Based on the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10 of the above embodiments, the torque input from the sun gear shaft 4 is amplified in two stages and then output to the reaming spear through the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. This solves the problem of insufficient reaming torque caused by the difficulty in transmitting torque to the reaming spear in traditional reverse-clamping devices, and effectively avoids a series of problems such as energy waste and damage to the transmission components of the reverse-clamping device caused by increasing the drill rod input torque to obtain a larger reaming torque.

[0055] In some embodiments, the tubing buckling device of the present invention further includes a first pressure cap 8, the outer wall of which is adapted to connect with the gear ring 10-1, and the inner wall of which is adapted to be sleeved on the central tube 6-1. In this type of embodiment, the power output by the gear ring 10-1 is transmitted to the central tube 6-1 through the first pressure cap 8, thereby realizing the function of extending the anchor claw 6-2 to anchor the tubing and retracting it to release the anchor.

[0056] As a parallel implementation of the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the tubing buckling device of the present invention further includes a first pressure cap 8, a connecting shaft 9, and a second mating joint 7. The outer wall of the first pressure cap 8 is adapted to connect with the gear ring 10-1, and the inner wall of the first pressure cap 8 is adapted to be sleeved on the connecting shaft 9. The connecting shaft 9 is connected to the central tube 6-1 through the second mating joint 7. In this type of implementation, the power output by the gear ring 10-1 can be transmitted to the central tube 6-1 sequentially through the first pressure cap 8 and the connecting shaft 9, thereby realizing the function of extending the anchor claw 6-2 to anchor the tubing and retracting to release the anchor.

[0057] In some embodiments, the tubing buckling device of the present invention further includes a second pressure cap 11, which is sleeved on the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7, and the outer wall of the second pressure cap 11 is adapted to be fixedly connected to the gear ring 10-1, and the inner wall of the second pressure cap 11 is rotatably connected to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7, that is, the second pressure cap 11 and the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 can rotate independently of each other.

[0058] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 And with Figure 1As shown in the orientation for reference, the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 is formed from top to bottom as follows: a socket section, a threaded section, and a plug section. The radial cross-section of the socket section is circular, the threaded section has threads, and the radial cross-section of the plug section is a regular polygon. For example, the polygon can be hexagonal, pentagonal, or quadrilateral. The tubing reverse-threading device also includes a torque tube cap 12, a locking nut 13, and a reverse-threading drill pipe connector 14. The torque transmission cap 12 is fitted onto the socket section of the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7; the locking nut 13 is threadedly connected to the threaded section of the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7; one end of the reverse-thread drill pipe connector 14 has a slot adapted to be inserted into the socket section of the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. Corresponding to the structure of the socket section of the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7, one end of the reverse-thread drill pipe connector 14 can be formed as a hexagonal slot, a regular pentagonal slot, a regular square slot, etc. The reverse-thread drill pipe connector 14 is fixedly connected to the torque transmission cap 12 near the inner wall of the torque transmission cap 12. In the above embodiment, the torque transmission cap 12 and the locking nut 13 work together at the connection between the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 and the reverse-thread drill pipe connector 14 to form a multiple locking mechanism, ensuring that the torque of the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 is stably transmitted to the reverse-thread drill pipe connector 14. Among them, the other end of the reverse-threaded drill pipe joint 14 relative to the hole slot is adapted to connect with the reamer so as to transmit the torque of the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 to the reamer, thereby achieving reverse threading.

[0059] The following provides a preferred embodiment of the oil pipe buckling device of the present invention.

[0060] As a relatively preferred embodiment of the tubing reversing device, the tubing reversing device includes, from top to bottom, an external connector 1, a reversing mechanism 3, a friction mechanism 5, an anchoring mechanism 6, a deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism 10, and a reverse-threading drill pipe connector 14. The reversing mechanism 3 includes a bevel gear connector 3-2, a bevel gear output shaft 3-5, and two bevel gears 3-3. One end of each bevel gear 3-3 meshes with the bevel gear connector 3-2, and the other end meshes with the bevel gear output shaft 3-5. The anchoring mechanism 6 includes a central tube 6-1 sleeved on the sun gear shaft 4, an anchor claw seat sleeved on the central tube 6-1, a retaining ring 6-4, and a shear pin 6-5. One end of the central tube 6-1 is connected to the reduction and torque amplification mechanism 10, and the other end extends to the friction mechanism 5 and is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 3-7. The outer circumference of the anchor claw seat 6-3 is provided with U-shaped guide grooves at intervals, and each guide groove contains an anchor claw 6-2. The bottom of the anchor claw 6-2 abuts against the outer wall of the central tube 6-1. The retaining ring 6-4 is sleeved on... On the central tube 6-1, the retaining ring 6-4 is adapted to abut against the end of the anchor claw 6-2 away from the deceleration and torque amplification mechanism 10. The shear pin 6-5 passes through the anchor claw seat 6-3 and the retaining ring 6-4. The retaining ring 6-4 and the shear pin 6-5 can limit the displacement of the anchor claw 6-2 in the axial direction of the central tube 6-1. The friction mechanism 5 includes a straightening block seat 5-4, which is sleeved on the central tube 6-1. The outer periphery of the straightening block seat 5-4 is provided with grooves at intervals. Each groove is provided with a straightening block 5-2. The straightening block 5-2 is connected to the bottom surface of the groove through a straightening elastic member 5-3. The deceleration and torque amplification mechanism 10 includes a gear ring 10-1, a first-stage planetary gear 10-2, a planetary gear carrier 10-4, a second-stage planetary gear 10-5, and a planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. The connection relationships of the above structures are as follows: the shaft end of the outer connector 1 is connected to the bevel gear connector 3-2 through the first mating connector 2; the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 is connected to the sun gear shaft 4 through the adapter connector 3-6; the sun gear shaft 4 meshes with the first-stage planetary gear 10-2; the first-stage planetary gear 10-2 meshes with the gear ring 10-1; the first-stage planetary gear 10-2 is connected to the planetary gear carrier 10-4; the second-stage planetary gear 10-5 meshes with the planetary gear carrier 10-4; the second-stage planetary gear 10-5 is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7; the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 is connected to the reverse-thread drill pipe connector 14 through the torque transmission tube cap 12 and the locking nut 13; the gear ring 10-1 is connected to the connecting shaft 9 through the first cap 8; and the connecting shaft 9 is connected to the central tube 6-1 through the second mating connector 7.

[0061] Based on the first relatively preferred tubing reverse coupling device, the outer connector 1 is connected to the drill pipe, and the reverse-coupling drill pipe connector 14 is connected to the retrieval spear. The working process of the tubing reverse coupling device is as follows: after the tubing reverse coupling device is lowered into the well and reaches the specified depth, the retrieval spear catches the tubing coupling at the top of the well. At this time, reverse coupling is performed to retrieve the tubing below the top of the well. During the operation of the tubing reverse coupling device, the tubing reverse coupling device has two working states. In the first working state of the tubing reverse coupling device, the ground provides a positive torque to the drill pipe. The positive torque of the drill pipe is transmitted to the bevel gear connector 3-2 through the outer connector 1. The positive torque of the bevel gear connector 3-2 is transmitted through the bevel gear 3-3 to achieve reversal, so that the torque direction of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 is reversed. The bevel gear output shaft 3-5 transmits the reverse torque to the sun gear shaft 4. At this time, since the reverse-coupling drill pipe connector 14 is inserted into the tubing coupling, the reverse-coupling drill pipe connector 14 basically remains stationary. The planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 remains essentially stationary. The sun gear shaft 4 converts the reverse torque into positive torque via the first-stage planetary gear 10-2 and amplifies it before transmitting it to the gear ring 10-1. The gear ring 10-1 then transmits the positive torque sequentially through the first pressure cap 8 and the connecting shaft 9 to the central tube 6-1. Due to the contact between the straightening block 5-2 and the tube wall, friction is generated, causing the anchor claw seat 6-3 to remain essentially stationary, or to rotate in the same direction with different speeds relative to the central tube 6-1. This allows the central tube 6-1 to... 1. The anchor claw 6-2 extends out of the anchor claw seat 6-3 until it anchors the pipe wall; In the second working state of the tubing reverse coupling device, the ground provides a positive torque to the drill rod. The positive torque of the drill rod is transmitted to the bevel gear joint 3-2 through the external joint 1. The positive torque of the bevel gear joint 3-2 is transmitted through the bevel gear 3-3, realizing the reversal, so that the torque direction of the bevel gear output shaft 3-5 is reversed. The bevel gear output shaft 3-5 transmits the reverse torque to the sun gear shaft 4. At this time, since the anchor claw 6-2 is anchored to the pipe wall, the central tube 6-1 is in the anchor claw seat 6-3. Under constraints, the gear ring 10-1 remains essentially stationary. The reverse torque of the sun gear shaft 4 is amplified by the first-stage planetary gear 10-2 and transmitted to the planetary gear carrier 10-4. The planetary gear carrier 10-4 then transmits it to the second-stage planetary gear 10-5. The second-stage planetary gear 10-5 amplifies the reverse torque again and transmits it to the planetary carrier output shaft 10-7. The planetary carrier output shaft 10-7 transmits the amplified reverse torque to the retrieval spear through the reverse drill pipe joint 14. Driven by the reverse torque, the retrieval spear reverses the lower oil pipe. If the oil pipe cannot be reversed, preventing the anchor claw 6-2 from retracting to the anchor claw seat 6-3, the oil pipe reversing device can be forcibly lifted, causing the central tube 6-1 to move upwards relative to the anchor claw 6-2, breaking the shear pin 6-5. After the central tube 6-1 moves upwards a certain distance, the anchor claw 6-2 falls into the release groove on the central tube 6-1, completing the retraction of the anchor claw 6-2 and safely removing the oil pipe reversing device.In the above description, "forward" and "reverse" both refer to directions perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the object. "Forward" refers to the direction of torque when the object rotates clockwise, and "reverse" refers to the direction of torque when the object rotates counterclockwise. The directional terms "up" and "down" used above are all prefixed with "up" or "down". Figure 1 The orientation of the oil pipe inverted device shown has an analogous meaning.

[0062] The tubing reversing device provided by this invention utilizes a bevel gear joint 3-2, a bevel gear 3-3, and a bevel gear output shaft 3-5 in the reversing mechanism 3 to achieve the reversal of input torque, thereby ensuring high efficiency and stability of torque transmission. Furthermore, the reversing mechanism 3 using the bevel gear 3-3 has a compact structure, meeting the application requirements of this invention when the wellbore diameter is small. The deceleration and torque amplification mechanism 10 of this invention employs a two-stage planetary gear system of a first-stage planetary gear 10-2 and a second-stage planetary gear 10-5 to separate the power transmission of the anchoring mechanism for anchoring the pipe wall from the power transmission of the reverse-threading drill pipe joint 14 driving the retrieval spear to perform the reversing process into two independent motion processes. This invention effectively avoids the mutual interference between the anchoring and reverse-clamping processes, ensuring that the tubing reverse-clamping device performs anchoring before reverse-clamping, thus achieving stability and efficiency in reverse-clamping operations. It also effectively prevents insufficient reverse-clamping torque due to incomplete anchoring. Furthermore, the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism 10 of this invention can achieve multi-stage amplification of the input torque, reducing the magnitude of the drill pipe input torque and facilitating safe and efficient reverse-clamping operations in small-diameter wellbores. When the tubing reverse-clamping device becomes stuck, the anchoring mechanism 6 of this invention can directly release the stick by lifting, achieving automatic retrieval of the tubing reverse-clamping device and effectively preventing stuck well accidents.

[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, and should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tubing reversing device, characterized in that, The system includes a sun gear shaft (4), on which a reversing mechanism (3), an anchoring mechanism (6), and a speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (10) are connected. The reversing mechanism (3) is adapted to be connected to the drill pipe to realize the direction conversion and power transmission between the drill pipe and the sun gear shaft (4). The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (10) is adapted to reverse the torque of the sun gear shaft (4) and increase the output to the anchoring mechanism (6) so as to drive the anchoring mechanism (6) to anchor the tubing string. The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (10) is adapted to be connected to a retrieval spear so that when the anchoring mechanism (6) anchors the tubing string, the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (10) converts the first power of the sun gear shaft (4) into a second power and transmits it to the retrieval spear for backlash. The rotational speed of the first power is greater than that of the second power, and the torque of the first power is less than that of the second power.

2. The tubing reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism (3) includes a bevel gear connector (3-2), a bevel gear output shaft (3-5), and a reversing member. One end of the reversing member is linked to the bevel gear connector (3-2), and the other end is linked to the bevel gear output shaft (3-5), so that the rotation directions of the bevel gear connector (3-2) and the bevel gear output shaft (3-5) are opposite. The bevel gear connector (3-2) is adapted to be connected to the drill rod as a power input component, and the bevel gear output shaft (3-5) is adapted to be connected to the sun gear shaft (4) as a power output component.

3. The tubing reversing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reversing component includes at least one bevel gear (3-3) located between the bevel gear connector (3-2) and the bevel gear output shaft (3-5), with one end of each bevel gear (3-3) meshing with the bevel gear connector (3-2) and the other end meshing with the bevel gear output shaft (3-5).

4. The tubing reversing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two bevel gears (3-3) are provided, and the bevel tooth surfaces of the two bevel gears (3-3) are arranged opposite each other.

5. The tubing reversing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism (3) further includes a bevel gear sleeve (3-1) and a pin (3-4), wherein the bevel gear (3-3) is fixed inside the bevel gear sleeve (3-1) by the pin (3-4).

6. The tubing reversing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The tubing reversing device also includes an external connector (1), one end of which is connected to the drill pipe, and the other end is connected to the reversing mechanism (3) through a first mating connector (2) so as to transmit the torque of the drill pipe to the reversing mechanism (3).

7. The tubing reversing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The oil pipe buckling device also includes a friction mechanism (5) located outside the sun gear shaft (4).

8. The tubing reversing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The friction mechanism (5) includes a straightening block seat (5-4) connected to the outside of the sun gear shaft (4). The outer periphery of the straightening block seat (5-4) is provided with grooves at intervals. Each groove is provided with a straightening block (5-2). The straightening block (5-2) is connected to the bottom surface of the groove through a straightening elastic member (5-3).

9. The tubing reversing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The friction mechanism (5) further includes a pressure cap (5-1), which is used to press the straightening block (5-2) into the groove of the straightening block seat (5-4).

10. The tubing reversing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The anchoring mechanism (6) includes a central tube (6-1) sleeved on the sun gear shaft (4) and an anchor claw seat (6-3) sleeved on the central tube (6-1). The anchor claw seat (6-3) is provided with guide grooves at intervals on its outer periphery. Each guide groove is provided with an anchor claw (6-2). The bottom of the anchor claw (6-2) is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the central tube (6-1) so that the anchor claw (6-2) can be extended and anchored by rotating the central tube (6-1).

11. The tubing reversing device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The anchoring mechanism (6) further includes a retaining ring (6-4) and a shear pin (6-5). The retaining ring (6-4) is sleeved on the central tube (6-1) and is adapted to abut against the end of the anchor claw (6-2) away from the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism (10). The shear pin (6-5) is adapted to penetrate the anchor claw seat (6-3) and the retaining ring (6-4) to limit the axial displacement of the anchor claw (6-2) in the central tube (6-1).

12. The tubing reversing device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The central tube (6-1) is provided with a multi-tooth ratchet (6-6), and the bottom of the anchor claw (6-2) is provided with a protrusion. The multi-tooth ratchet (6-6) is provided with a corresponding protrusion, and the bottom shape of the protrusion is adapted to the outer peripheral surface of the multi-tooth ratchet (6-6).

13. The tubing reversing device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The multi-tooth ratchet (6-6) is provided with multiple teeth, and a release groove is formed between adjacent multi-tooth ratchets (6-6) and between the multi-tooth ratchet (6-6) and the stepped structure of the central tube (6-1). The release groove is adapted to accommodate the protrusion of the anchor claw (6-2) when the central tube (6-1) cuts the shear pin (6-5) and moves relative to the anchor claw (6-2).

14. The tubing reversing device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (10) includes a gear ring (10-1), a first-stage planetary gear (10-2), a planetary gear carrier (10-4), a second-stage planetary gear (10-5), and a planetary carrier output shaft (10-7). The first-stage planetary gear (10-2) meshes with the sun gear shaft (4) and the gear ring (10-1), the first-stage planetary gear (10-2) is connected to the planetary gear carrier (10-4), the second-stage planetary gear (10-5) meshes with the planetary gear carrier (10-4), and the second-stage planetary gear (10-5) is connected to the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7).

15. The tubing reversing device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The oil pipe buckling device also includes a first pressure cap (8), which is connected to the gear ring (10-1) and the center tube (6-1).

16. The tubing reversing device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The tubing reversing device also includes a first pressure cap (8), a connecting shaft (9), and a second mating joint (7). The first pressure cap (8) is connected to the gear ring (10-1) and the connecting shaft (9) respectively. The connecting shaft (9) is connected to the central tube (6-1) through the second mating joint (7).

17. The tubing reversing device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The tubing reversing device also includes a second pressure cap (11), which is connected to the gear ring (10-1) and the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7) respectively.

18. The tubing reversing device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The planetary carrier output shaft (10-7) has a socket section, a screw section and a plug section. The radial cross section of the socket section is circular, the screw section is threaded, and the radial cross section of the plug section is a regular polygon.

19. The tubing reversing device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The tubing reversing device also includes: Torque tube cap (12) is used to fit onto the socket section of the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7); A lock nut (13) is used for threaded connection with the threaded section of the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7); and A reverse-thread drill pipe connector (14) is provided, one end of which has a slot for insertion into the insertion section of the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7), and the reverse-thread drill pipe connector (14) is connected to the torque transmission tube cap (12).

20. The tubing reversing device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The reverse-thread drill pipe connector (14) is adapted to connect to the reamer at the other end of the slot so as to transmit the torque of the planetary carrier output shaft (10-7) to the reamer.

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