Hydrogen filling system and method integrating liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and cold and hot hydrogen mixing

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen filling system and method integrating a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and cold and hot hydrogen mixing, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the temperature of hydrogen in the filling process cannot be effectively controlled, the temperature of hydrogen at a filling terminal is possibly too high or too low, and the filling efficiency is affected. The hydrogen filling system integrating liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and cold and hot hydrogen mixing comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump, a first heat exchanger, a second check valve, a second heat exchanger, a high-pressure hydrogen storage device, a first mixing device, a second mixing device and a first filling device which are connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump is integrated with the first mixing device and the second mixing device which are connected in series, high-pressure hot hydrogen heated by the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger and the other path of high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump are mixed and then input into the filling equipment, the filling temperature of the mixed hydrogen is accurately controlled, and the filling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to hydrogen refueling systems, and more specifically to a hydrogen refueling system and method that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of hydrogen energy technology, hydrogen is being used in increasingly widespread applications as a clean energy source. Efficient and safe hydrogen refueling is crucial in areas such as liquid hydrogen refueling stations and industrial hydrogen supply.

[0003] Traditional hydrogen refueling systems typically employ a single high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump. This pump transfers liquid hydrogen from a storage tank to a buffer tank for storage. When refueling is needed, hydrogen from the buffer tank is directly injected into the refueling terminal. This method is suitable for low-flow-rate (35 MPa) refueling, but the inability to effectively control the hydrogen temperature during refueling can lead to excessively high or low temperatures at the refueling terminal, affecting refueling efficiency. Furthermore, when high-flow-rate (70 MPa) refueling is required, the heat generated by the hydrogen during refueling affects the refueling speed. If the hydrogen temperature at the inlet of the equipment exceeds the rated temperature, the hydrogen refueling system will stop refueling, severely impacting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot effectively control the temperature of hydrogen during the refueling process, which may lead to excessively high or low hydrogen temperature at the refueling terminal, affecting the refueling efficiency. The invention provides a hydrogen refueling system and method that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A hydrogen refueling system integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump and a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump connected thereto; its special feature is that: The outlet of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump is divided into two paths through a first three-way pipe. One path is connected in sequence to the first heat exchanger, the second check valve, the second heat exchanger, the second shut-off valve, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. This path is used to heat the high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and store it in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. The other path is connected in sequence to the fourth shut-off valve, the first mixing device, the second mixing device, and the first refueling device. The outlet of the first refueling device is used to connect to external refueling equipment. A second tee pipe is provided on the pipeline between the second check valve and the second heat exchanger. The first port of the second tee pipe is connected to the outlet of the second check valve, the second port is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the third port is connected to the first mixing device. A first shut-off valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the two. The hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device is heated by the second heat exchanger and then enters the first mixing device, where it is mixed for the first time with high-pressure cold hydrogen from another line of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump. After that, it enters the second mixing device for a second mixing, which is used to provide the mixed hydrogen to the refueling equipment.

[0006] Furthermore, both the first mixing device and the second mixing device include an expansion section, a reduction section, a transition section, and a mixed hydrogen outlet; The first mixing device further includes a cold hydrogen inlet and a hot hydrogen inlet, and the second mixing device further includes a mixed hydrogen inlet connected to the mixed hydrogen outlet of the first mixing device; The cold hydrogen inlet is connected to the first three-way pipe through the fourth shut-off valve. The hot hydrogen inlet is located on the side wall of the transition section and is connected to the second three-way pipe through the first shut-off valve. The high-pressure hot hydrogen from the hot hydrogen inlet and the high-pressure cold hydrogen from the cold hydrogen inlet are mixed in the expansion section. The mixture is then passed through the expansion section, transition section and reduction section of the first mixing device for the first mixing process. After that, it is passed through the expansion section, transition section and reduction section of the second mixing device for the second mixing process for the second mixing process. This mixture is used to provide the refueling equipment with the mixed hydrogen.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling system that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes a third temperature sensor; The third temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the mixed hydrogen outlet of the second mixing device and the first refueling device, and is used to control the opening degree of the first shut-off valve according to the mixed hydrogen outlet temperature of the second mixing device.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling system integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes a first temperature sensor disposed on the shell side of the second heat exchanger and a second temperature sensor disposed at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger; The second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen gas after it has been heated at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling system that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes a pressure sensor installed at the hot hydrogen inlet to detect the pressure value of the high-pressure hot hydrogen.

[0010] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a hydrogen refueling method integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, which is characterized by including the following steps: Step 1: Construct the hydrogen refueling system that integrates the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the hot and cold hydrogen mixture described above; Step 2: Set the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger to the first preset temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger to the second preset temperature; Step 3: Open the second shut-off valve. Liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank is discharged as high-pressure cold hydrogen gas after passing through the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump. One stream of high-pressure cold hydrogen gas passes through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in sequence to be heated. The heated high-pressure hydrogen gas is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device reaches its rated storage capacity, close the second shut-off valve to complete the high-pressure hydrogen storage. Step 4: Connect the inlet of the filling equipment to the outlet of the first filling device, and adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger to the third preset temperature; Step 5: Open the fourth shut-off valve, the second shut-off valve and the first shut-off valve. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device enters the second heat exchanger through the second inlet and outlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium inside to obtain high-pressure hot hydrogen, and then exits from the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger. After passing through the first shut-off valve, it enters the first mixing device. Meanwhile, the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump enters the first mixing device after passing through the fourth shut-off valve; Step 6: High-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen are mixed for the first time in the first mixing device. The mixed hydrogen then enters the second mixing device for the second mixing. Finally, the hydrogen is added to the filling equipment through the first filling device, thus completing the hydrogen filling process by mixing the integrated liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with cold and hot hydrogen.

[0011] Furthermore, the first and second preset temperatures in step 2, and the third preset temperature in step 4, satisfy the following relationship: .

[0012] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling method integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes: Step 7: Obtain the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas collected by the third temperature sensor and make a judgment: if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is less than the preset temperature value, increase the opening of the first shut-off valve; if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is greater than the preset temperature value, decrease the opening of the first shut-off valve.

[0013] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a hydrogen refueling system integrating a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, including a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump connected thereto; its special feature is: The outlet of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump is divided into two paths through a first three-way pipe. One path is connected in sequence to the first heat exchanger, the second check valve, the second heat exchanger, the second shut-off valve, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. This path is used to heat the high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and store it in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. The other path is connected in sequence to the fourth shut-off valve, the first mixing device, the second mixing device, and the first refueling device. The outlet of the first refueling device is used to connect to external refueling equipment. A second tee pipe is provided on the pipeline between the second check valve and the second heat exchanger. The first port of the second tee pipe is connected to the outlet of the second check valve, the second port is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the third port is connected to the first mixing device. A first shut-off valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the two. The hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device is heated by the second heat exchanger and then enters the first mixing device, where it is mixed for the first time with high-pressure cold hydrogen from another line of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump. After that, it enters the second mixing device for the second mixing, which is used to provide the mixed hydrogen to the refueling equipment. A third tee pipe is installed on the pipeline between the second shut-off valve and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. Its first port is connected to the outlet of the second shut-off valve, its second port is connected to the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage device, and its third port is connected to the inlet of the second refueling device. The outlet of the second refueling device is used to connect to external refueling equipment. A third shut-off valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the third tee pipe and the second refueling device.

[0014] Furthermore, both the first mixing device and the second mixing device include an expansion section, a reduction section, a transition section, and a mixed hydrogen outlet; The first mixing device further includes a cold hydrogen inlet and a hot hydrogen inlet, and the second mixing device further includes a mixed hydrogen inlet connected to the mixed hydrogen outlet of the first mixing device; The cold hydrogen inlet is connected to the first three-way pipe through the fourth shut-off valve. The hot hydrogen inlet is located on the side wall of the transition section and is connected to the second three-way pipe through the first shut-off valve. The high-pressure hot hydrogen from the hot hydrogen inlet and the high-pressure cold hydrogen from the cold hydrogen inlet are mixed in the expansion section. The mixture is then passed through the expansion section, transition section and reduction section of the first mixing device for the first mixing process. After that, it is passed through the expansion section, transition section and reduction section of the second mixing device for the second mixing process for the second mixing process. This mixture is used to provide the refueling equipment with the mixed hydrogen.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling system that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes a third temperature sensor; The third temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the mixed hydrogen outlet of the second mixing device and the first refueling device, and is used to control the opening degree of the first shut-off valve according to the mixed hydrogen outlet temperature of the second mixing device.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling system integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes a first temperature sensor disposed on the shell side of the second heat exchanger and a second temperature sensor disposed at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger; The second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen gas after it has been heated at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling system that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes a pressure sensor installed at the hot hydrogen inlet to detect the pressure value of the high-pressure hot hydrogen.

[0018] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a hydrogen refueling method integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, which is characterized by including the following steps: Step 1: Construct the hydrogen refueling system that integrates the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the hot and cold hydrogen mixture described above; Step 2: Set the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger to the first preset temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger to the second preset temperature; Step 3: Open the second shut-off valve. Liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank is discharged as high-pressure cold hydrogen gas after passing through the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump. One stream of high-pressure cold hydrogen gas passes through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in sequence to be heated. The heated high-pressure hydrogen gas is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device reaches its rated storage capacity, close the second shut-off valve to complete the high-pressure hydrogen storage. Step 4: Connect the inlet of the filling equipment to the outlet of the first filling device, and adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger to the third preset temperature; Step 5: Determine the filling flow rate of the filling device in Step 4. If the filling flow rate is low, open the third shut-off valve, and the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device will fill the filling device with hydrogen through the second filling device; if the filling flow rate is high, proceed to Step 6. Step 6: Open the fourth shut-off valve, the second shut-off valve and the first shut-off valve. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device enters the second heat exchanger through the second inlet and outlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium inside to obtain high-pressure hot hydrogen, and then exits from the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger. After passing through the first shut-off valve, it enters the first mixing device. Meanwhile, the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump enters the first mixing device after passing through the fourth shut-off valve; Step 7: High-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen are mixed for the first time in the first mixing device. The mixed hydrogen enters the second mixing device for the second mixing. Finally, the hydrogen is added to the filling equipment through the first filling device, thus completing the hydrogen filling of the integrated liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the cold and hot hydrogen mixture.

[0019] Furthermore, the first and second preset temperatures in step 2, and the third preset temperature in step 4, satisfy the following relationship: .

[0020] Furthermore, the hydrogen refueling method integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen also includes: Step 8: Obtain the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas collected by the third temperature sensor and make a judgment: if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is less than the preset temperature value, increase the opening of the first shut-off valve; if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is greater than the preset temperature value, decrease the opening of the first shut-off valve.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The present invention integrates a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a hydrogen refueling system that mixes hot and cold hydrogen. By integrating the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a first mixing device and a second mixing device arranged in series, and mixing the high-pressure hot hydrogen heated by the first heat exchanger and the high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with the high-pressure cold hydrogen, the refueling system can accurately control the refueling temperature of the mixed hydrogen and improve the refueling efficiency.

[0022] 2. This invention integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a hydrogen refueling system that mixes hot and cold hydrogen. By setting an expansion section, a contraction section, and a transition section in both the first and second mixing devices, the cross-sectional area of ​​the expansion section is gradually increased to reduce the flow rate of the high-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen inside. After mixing in the expansion and transition sections, the high-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen enter the contraction section, where the gas flow is accelerated and mixing is promoted. After two mixing processes, the hydrogen enters the first refueling device, which improves the mixing efficiency and ensures that the temperature of the mixed hydrogen is uniform.

[0023] 3. The present invention integrates a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a hydrogen refueling system that mixes hot and cold hydrogen. By setting up a first refueling device and a second refueling device, the appropriate refueling device is selected to refuel hydrogen according to the refueling flow rate of the refueling equipment, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0024] 4. The present invention integrates a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump with a hydrogen refueling system that mixes hot and cold hydrogen. By setting a third temperature sensor to collect the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen at the outlet of the second mixing device and adjusting the opening of the first shut-off valve, the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen can be precisely controlled, thereby improving the refueling efficiency.

[0025] 5. This invention integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a hot and cold hydrogen mixing method for hydrogen refueling. It can achieve low-pressure liquid hydrogen inlet and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen outlet, and utilizes the cold energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization for self-circulation pre-cooling, eliminating the need for an external refrigeration system. Energy consumption is reduced by about 10 times compared to gaseous hydrogen compression. It supports rapid and continuous refueling at 35MPa / 70MPa, requires less equipment investment, has a BOG recovery rate of >95% in the storage tank, and a hydrogen purity of ≥99.999%. The system is highly integrated and has a compact layout.

[0026] 6. This invention integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a hot and cold hydrogen mixing method for hydrogen refueling. It can achieve low-pressure liquid hydrogen inlet and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen outlet, utilizing the cold energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization for self-circulation pre-cooling, eliminating the need for an external refrigeration system, and reducing energy consumption by about 10 times compared to gaseous hydrogen compression. By setting two refueling devices with different flow rates, it supports rapid and continuous refueling at 35MPa / 70MPa, independent operation, low equipment investment, BOG recovery rate of the storage tank >95%, hydrogen purity ≥99.999%, and high system refueling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an embodiment of the hydrogen refueling system integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mixing device in an embodiment of the hydrogen refueling system integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump and hot and cold hydrogen.

[0028] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2. Liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump; 3. First check valve; 4. First heat exchanger; 5. Second check valve; 6. First shut-off valve; 7. First mixing device; 8. Second heat exchanger; 9. First temperature sensor; 10. Second temperature sensor; 11. Second shut-off valve; 12. High-pressure hydrogen storage device; 13. Third shut-off valve; 14. Third check valve; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Second mixing device; 17. Third temperature sensor; 18. Refueling equipment; 19. Fourth shut-off valve; 111. Cold hydrogen inlet; 112. Expanding section; 113. Transition section; 114. Reducing section; 116. Hot hydrogen inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen refueling system integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump and a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, including a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump 2, a first heat exchanger 4, a second check valve 5, a second heat exchanger 8, a high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12, a first mixing device 7, a second mixing device 16, a first refueling device, a third temperature sensor 17, a first temperature sensor 9, a second temperature sensor 10, a second shut-off valve 11, and a pressure sensor 15. In this embodiment, the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 is a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group.

[0031] Both the first mixing device 7 and the second mixing device 16 include an expanding section 112, a narrowing section 114, a transition section 113, and a mixed hydrogen outlet. The expanding section 112 receives high-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen, reducing gas velocity and turbulence by increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow. The narrowing section 114 accelerates gas flow by reducing the cross-sectional area, promoting the mixing of high-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen. The transition section 113 smooths the transition gas flow, optimizes the mixing effect, and ensures uniform temperature of the mixed hydrogen.

[0032] The first mixing device 7 also includes a cold hydrogen inlet 111, and the second mixing device 16 also includes a mixed hydrogen inlet connected to the mixed hydrogen outlet of the first mixing device 7; The outlet of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2 is divided into two paths via a first three-way pipe. One path is connected in sequence to a first heat exchanger 4, a second check valve 5, a second heat exchanger 8, a second shut-off valve 11, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12. This path is used to heat the high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2 and store it in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12. The other path is connected in sequence to a fourth shut-off valve 19, a first mixing device 7, a second mixing device 16, and a first filling device. The outlet of the first filling device is used to connect to an external filling device 18. The liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2 utilizes cryogenic technology to pressurize the liquid hydrogen to a high-pressure state, ensuring that the hydrogen remains at a low temperature under high pressure, reducing vaporization loss. A first check valve 3 is installed at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2 to prevent hydrogen from flowing back into the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2.

[0033] The first temperature sensor 9 is installed on the shell side of the second heat exchanger 8 to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 8; the second temperature sensor 10 is installed at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger 8 to detect the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen gas after heating at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger 8.

[0034] A second tee pipe is installed on the pipeline between the second check valve 5 and the second heat exchanger 8. The first port of the second tee pipe is connected to the outlet of the second check valve 5, the second port is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger 8, and the third port is connected to the hot hydrogen inlet 116 of the first mixing device 7. A first shut-off valve 6 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the two. The pressure sensor 15 is installed at the hot hydrogen inlet 116 to detect the pressure value of the high-pressure hot hydrogen.

[0035] The hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 is heated by the second heat exchanger 8 and then enters the first mixing device 7, where it is mixed for the first time with the high-pressure cold hydrogen from another path of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2. After that, it enters the second mixing device 16 for a second mixing, which is used to provide the mixed hydrogen to the refueling device 18.

[0036] The cold hydrogen inlet 111 is connected to the first three-way pipe through the fourth shut-off valve 19, and the hot hydrogen inlet 116 is located on the side wall of the transition section 113 and is connected to the second three-way pipe through the first shut-off valve 6. The high-pressure hot hydrogen gas from the hot hydrogen inlet 116 and the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas from the cold hydrogen inlet 111 are mixed in the expansion section 112, and then the mixture is first mixed by passing through the expansion section 112, the transition section 113 and the reduction section 114 of the first mixing device 7 in sequence. After that, the mixture is second mixed by passing through the expansion section 112, the transition section 113 and the reduction section 114 of the second mixing device 16 in sequence, which is used to provide the mixed hydrogen gas to the refueling equipment.

[0037] The third temperature sensor 17 is installed on the pipeline between the mixed hydrogen outlet of the second mixing device 16 and the first refueling device, and is used to control the opening degree of the first shut-off valve 6 according to the mixed hydrogen outlet temperature of the second mixing device 16.

[0038] High-pressure hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group enters the first mixing device 7 via the second shut-off valve 11 and the second heat exchanger 8. It mixes with high-pressure cold hydrogen from another source, the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2. The flow rate decreases in the expansion section 112 of the first mixing device 7, and increases in the contraction section 114, promoting initial mixing of the high-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen. The initially mixed gas then enters the second mixing device 16. The second mixing device 16 further optimizes the mixing effect, ensuring uniform temperature of the mixed hydrogen. During this mixing process, the opening of the first shut-off valve 6 is controlled by the temperature of the third temperature sensor 17. A third check valve 14 is installed at the outlet of the first shut-off valve 6 to prevent high-pressure hot hydrogen from flowing back into the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder group.

[0039] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a hydrogen refueling method integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construct the hydrogen refueling system that integrates the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the hot and cold hydrogen mixture described above; Step 2: Set the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger 4 to a first preset temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 8 to a second preset temperature, wherein... ; Step 3: Open the second shut-off valve 11. Liquid hydrogen from liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is discharged as high-pressure cold hydrogen gas after passing through liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2. One stream of high-pressure cold hydrogen gas passes through the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 8 in sequence to be heated. The heated high-pressure hydrogen gas is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 reaches its rated storage capacity, close the second shut-off valve 11 to complete the high-pressure hydrogen storage. Step 4: Connect the inlet of the filling device 18 to the outlet of the first filling device, and adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 8 to the third preset temperature. ; Step 5: Open the fourth shut-off valve 19, the second shut-off valve 11 and the first shut-off valve 6. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 enters the interior of the second heat exchanger 8 through the second inlet and outlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium inside to obtain high-pressure hot hydrogen, and is discharged from the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger 8. After passing through the first shut-off valve 6, it enters the first mixing device 7 through the hot hydrogen inlet 116. Meanwhile, the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2 enters the first mixing device 7 after passing through the fourth shut-off valve 19. Step 6: High-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen are mixed for the first time in the first mixing device 7. The mixed hydrogen enters the second mixing device 16 for the second mixing. Finally, it is added to the filling device 18 through the first filling device to complete the hydrogen filling of the integrated liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the cold and hot hydrogen mixture. Step 7: Obtain the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas collected by the third temperature sensor 17 and make a judgment: if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is less than the preset temperature value, increase the opening of the first shut-off valve 6; if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is greater than the preset temperature value, decrease the opening of the first shut-off valve 6.

[0040] Example 2 The present invention also provides a hydrogen refueling system that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen. Compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes a second refueling device and a third shut-off valve 13.

[0041] A third tee pipe is installed on the pipeline between the second shut-off valve 11 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12. Its first port is connected to the outlet of the second shut-off valve 11, its second port is connected to the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12, and its third port is connected to the inlet of the second refueling device. The outlet of the second refueling device is used to connect to external refueling equipment. A third shut-off valve 13 is installed on the pipeline connecting the third tee pipe and the second refueling device.

[0042] This invention also provides a hydrogen refueling method integrating a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Construct the hydrogen refueling system that integrates the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the hot and cold hydrogen mixture described above; Step 2: Set the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger 4 to a first preset temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 8 to a second preset temperature, wherein... ; Step 3: Open the second shut-off valve 11. Liquid hydrogen from liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is discharged as high-pressure cold hydrogen gas after passing through liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2. One stream of high-pressure cold hydrogen gas passes through the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 8 in sequence to be heated. The heated high-pressure hydrogen gas is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 reaches its rated storage capacity, close the second shut-off valve 11 to complete the high-pressure hydrogen storage. Step 4: Connect the inlet of the filling device 18 to the outlet of the first filling device, and adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 8 to the third preset temperature. ; Step 5: Determine the filling flow rate of the filling device in Step 4. If the filling flow rate is low, open the third shut-off valve 13, and the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 will be filled into the filling device 18 via the second filling device. If the filling flow rate is high, proceed to Step 6. The low flow rate is 0~35MPa, and the high flow rate is 35~70MPa. Specifically, the low flow rate is 35MPa and the high flow rate is 70MPa.

[0043] Step 6: Open the fourth shut-off valve 19, the second shut-off valve 11 and the first shut-off valve 6. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device 12 enters the interior of the second heat exchanger 8 through the second inlet and outlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium inside to obtain high-pressure hot hydrogen, and is discharged from the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger 8. After passing through the first shut-off valve 6, it enters the first mixing device 7 through the hot hydrogen inlet 116. Meanwhile, the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump 2 enters the first mixing device 7 after passing through the fourth shut-off valve 19. Step 7: High-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen are mixed for the first time in the first mixing device 7. The mixed hydrogen enters the second mixing device 16 for the second mixing. Finally, it is added to the filling device 18 through the first filling device to complete the hydrogen filling of the integrated liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the cold and hot hydrogen mixture. Step 8: Obtain the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas collected by the third temperature sensor 17 and make a judgment: if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is less than the preset temperature value, increase the opening of the first shut-off valve 6; if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is greater than the preset temperature value, decrease the opening of the first shut-off valve 6.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen refueling system integrating a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, comprising a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) connected thereto; characterized in that: The outlet of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) is divided into two paths through the first three-way pipe. One path is connected in sequence to the first heat exchanger (4), the second check valve (5), the second heat exchanger (8), the second shut-off valve (11), and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12), which is used to heat the high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) and store it in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12). The other path is connected in sequence to the fourth shut-off valve (19), the first mixing device (7), the second mixing device (16), and the first filling device. The outlet of the first filling device is used to connect to the external filling equipment (18). A second three-way pipe is provided on the pipeline between the second check valve (5) and the second heat exchanger (8). The first port of the second three-way pipe is connected to the outlet of the second check valve (5), the second port is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (8), and the third port is connected to the first mixing device (7). A first shut-off valve (6) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the two. The hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) is heated by the second heat exchanger (8) and then enters the first mixing device (7), where it is mixed for the first time with the high-pressure cold hydrogen from the other path of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2). After that, it enters the second mixing device (16) for the second mixing, which is used to provide the mixed hydrogen to the filling equipment (18).

2. The hydrogen refueling system of claim 1, wherein: Both the first mixing device (7) and the second mixing device (16) include an expansion section (112), a reduction section (114), a transition section (113), and a mixed hydrogen outlet; The first mixing device (7) further includes a cold hydrogen inlet (111) and a hot hydrogen inlet (116), and the second mixing device (16) further includes a mixed hydrogen inlet connected to the mixed hydrogen outlet of the first mixing device (7); The cold hydrogen inlet (111) is connected to the first three-way pipe through the fourth shut-off valve (19). The hot hydrogen inlet (116) is located on the side wall of the transition section (113) and is connected to the second three-way pipe through the first shut-off valve (6). The high-pressure hot hydrogen gas from the hot hydrogen inlet (116) and the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas from the cold hydrogen inlet (111) are mixed in the expansion section (112). The mixture is then first mixed by passing through the expansion section (112), transition section (113) and reduction section (114) of the first mixing device (7). After that, the mixture is second mixed by passing through the expansion section (112), transition section (113) and reduction section (114) of the second mixing device (16). The mixture is used to provide the refueling equipment with the mixed hydrogen gas.

3. The hydrogen refueling system of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a third temperature sensor (17); The third temperature sensor (17) is installed on the pipeline between the mixed hydrogen outlet of the second mixing device (16) and the first refueling device, and is used to control the opening degree of the first shut-off valve (6) according to the mixed hydrogen outlet temperature of the second mixing device (16).

4. The hydrogen refueling system of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a first temperature sensor (9) disposed on the shell side of the second heat exchanger (8) and a second temperature sensor (10) disposed at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (8). The first temperature sensor (9) is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger (8); The second temperature sensor (10) is used to detect the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen gas after it has been heated at the second inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (8).

5. The hydrogen refueling system of claim 2, wherein: It also includes a pressure sensor (15) installed at the hot hydrogen inlet (116) for detecting the pressure value of the high-pressure hot hydrogen.

6. A hydrogen refueling method of integrating a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and a cold-hot hydrogen gas mixing, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct the hydrogen refueling system that integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with hot and cold hydrogen as described in claim 1; Step 2: Set the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger (4) to the first preset temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger (8) to the second preset temperature; Step 3: Open the second shut-off valve (11). Liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged as high-pressure cold hydrogen gas after passing through the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2). One high-pressure cold hydrogen gas passes through the first heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (8) in sequence to be heated. The heated high-pressure hydrogen gas is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12). When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) reaches its rated storage capacity, close the second shut-off valve (11) to complete the high-pressure hydrogen storage. Step 4: Connect the inlet of the filling device (18) to the outlet of the first filling device, and adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger (8) to the third preset temperature; Step 5: Open the fourth shut-off valve (19), the second shut-off valve (11) and the first shut-off valve (6). The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) enters the interior of the second heat exchanger (8) through the second inlet and outlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium inside to obtain high-pressure hot hydrogen, and is discharged from the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (8). After passing through the first shut-off valve (6), it enters the first mixing device (7). Meanwhile, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged by the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas discharged by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) and enters the first mixing device (7) after passing through the fourth shut-off valve (19). Step 6: High-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen are mixed for the first time in the first mixing device (7). The mixed hydrogen enters the second mixing device (16) for the second mixing. Finally, it is added to the filling device (18) through the first filling device to complete the hydrogen filling of the integrated liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the cold and hot hydrogen mixture.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the integrated liquid hydrogen high pressure pump and warm hydrogen gas mixing hydrogen refueling method is characterized by, The first and second preset temperatures in step 2, and the third preset temperature in step 4, satisfy the following relationship: 。 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the integrated liquid hydrogen high pressure pump and warm hydrogen gas mixing hydrogen refueling method is characterized by, Also includes: Step 7: Obtain the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas collected by the third temperature sensor (17) and make a judgment: if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is less than the preset temperature value, then increase the opening of the first shut-off valve (6); if the temperature value of the mixed hydrogen gas is greater than the preset temperature value, then decrease the opening of the first shut-off valve (6).

9. A hydrogen refueling system integrating a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen, comprising a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) connected thereto; characterized in that: The outlet of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) is divided into two paths through the first three-way pipe. One path is connected in sequence to the first heat exchanger (4), the second check valve (5), the second heat exchanger (8), the second shut-off valve (11), and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12), which is used to heat the high-pressure cold hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) and store it in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12). The other path is connected in sequence to the fourth shut-off valve (19), the first mixing device (7), the second mixing device (16), and the first filling device. The outlet of the first filling device is used to connect to the external filling equipment (18). A second three-way pipe is provided on the pipeline between the second check valve (5) and the second heat exchanger (8). The first port of the second three-way pipe is connected to the outlet of the second check valve (5), the second port is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (8), and the third port is connected to the first mixing device (7). A first shut-off valve (6) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the two. The hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) is heated by the second heat exchanger (8) and then enters the first mixing device (7), where it is mixed for the first time with the high-pressure cold hydrogen from another path of the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2). After that, it enters the second mixing device (16) for the second mixing, which is used to provide the mixed hydrogen to the filling equipment (18). A third three-way pipe is provided on the pipeline between the second shut-off valve (11) and the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12). Its first port is connected to the outlet of the second shut-off valve (11), its second port is connected to the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12), and its third port is connected to the inlet of the second refueling device. The outlet of the second refueling device is used to connect to external refueling equipment. A third shut-off valve (13) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the third three-way pipe and the second refueling device.

10. A hydrogen refueling method of integrating a liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and a cold-hot hydrogen gas mixing, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct the hydrogen refueling system described in claim 9, which integrates a high-pressure liquid hydrogen pump with a mixture of hot and cold hydrogen. Step 2: Set the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger (4) to the first preset temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger (8) to the second preset temperature; Step 3: Open the second shut-off valve (11). Liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged as high-pressure cold hydrogen gas after passing through the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2). One high-pressure cold hydrogen gas passes through the first heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (8) in sequence to be heated. The heated high-pressure hydrogen gas is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12). When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) reaches its rated storage capacity, close the second shut-off valve (11) to complete the high-pressure hydrogen storage. Step 4: Connect the inlet of the filling device (18) to the outlet of the first filling device, and adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger (8) to the third preset temperature; Step 5: Determine the filling flow rate of the filling device in Step 4. If the filling flow rate is low, open the third shut-off valve (13) and the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) will be filled into the filling device (18) via the second filling device. If the filling flow rate is high, then proceed to Step 6. Step 6: Open the fourth shut-off valve (19), the second shut-off valve (11) and the first shut-off valve (6). The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage device (12) enters the interior of the second heat exchanger (8) through the second inlet and outlet, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium inside to obtain high-pressure hot hydrogen, and is discharged from the first inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (8). After passing through the first shut-off valve (6), it enters the first mixing device (7). Meanwhile, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is discharged by the high-pressure cold hydrogen gas discharged by the liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump (2) and enters the first mixing device (7) after passing through the fourth shut-off valve (19). Step 7: High-pressure cold hydrogen and high-pressure hot hydrogen are mixed for the first time in the first mixing device (7). The mixed hydrogen enters the second mixing device (16) for the second mixing. Finally, it is added to the filling device (18) through the first filling device to complete the hydrogen filling of the integrated liquid hydrogen high-pressure pump and the cold and hot hydrogen mixture.

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