Tension and torque measuring device and system for electric propulsion system
By designing a tension and torque separation measurement device in the electric propulsion system, and using the anti-torque optical shaft and planar thrust bearing to decompose the torque, the problems of inaccurate tension and torque coupling measurement and sensor damage were solved, thus achieving accurate and reliable tension and torque measurement.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINESE FLIGHT TEST ESTAB
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing electric propulsion systems suffer from inaccurate force and torque measurement devices due to coupling effects, and torque loads can damage force sensors.
The tensile and torque separation measuring device is adopted. Through the design of connecting shaft assembly, torque sensor mounting base, tensile sensor mounting base, torque sensor and tensile linkage, the tensile force and torque are measured separately. The torque is decomposed by anti-torque optical shaft and planar thrust bearing to avoid mutual interference.
It achieves accurate separation and measurement of tension and torque, avoids damage to the sensor, provides reliable measurement results, has a small size, and a simple working principle.
Smart Images
Figure CN121877248A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of electric propulsion systems for aero-engines, and particularly to a torque measuring device and system for electric propulsion systems. Background Technology
[0002] Electric propulsion systems are an important development direction for aircraft power systems. To evaluate the performance of electric propulsion systems, it is usually necessary to measure key parameters such as thrust, torque, voltage, current, and temperature of the electric propulsion system in a ground or laboratory environment.
[0003] Since most electric propulsion systems at home and abroad are composed of propellers and motors, the coupling effect between thrust and propeller torque seriously affects the accuracy of thrust and torque measurement. In addition, due to the limitations of current sensor technology, torque loads can damage thrust sensors, and similarly, thrust loads can damage torque sensors. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thrust and torque measuring device and system for electric propulsion systems, in order to solve the problems of inaccurate thrust and torque measurement results caused by the coupling effect between thrust and propeller torque in existing thrust and torque measuring devices, as well as the problems that torque load can damage the thrust sensor and thrust load can damage the torque sensor.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a tension and torque measuring device and system for an electric propulsion system, comprising: a connecting shaft assembly, an intermediate connecting piece 9, a torque sensor mounting base 11, a tension sensor mounting base 12, a torque sensor 13, an anti-torque optical shaft 14, a tension connecting rod 15, and a tension sensor 16; The front end of the connecting shaft assembly extends out of the device housing, and the shaft part is installed on the support seat inside the device. The front end of the connecting shaft assembly is connected to the motor of the electric propulsion system through the adapter 2, so as to provide tension and torque to the tension and torque measuring device through the connecting shaft assembly when the electric propulsion system is running. The rear end of the connecting shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the front end of the intermediate connecting member 9. The intermediate connecting member 9 has a stepped shaft hole in the middle. The front end of the tension connecting rod 15 is set as a stepped column structure. The rear end of the tension connecting rod 15 passes through the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connecting member 9 and passes through the through holes of the torque sensor 13, the torque sensor mounting base 11, and the tension sensor mounting base 12 in sequence without contact, so that the front stepped column of the tension connecting rod 15 is nested in the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connecting member 9. The front end of the torque sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the intermediate connecting member 9, and the rear end of the torque sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the torque sensor mounting base 11. The torque sensor mounting base 11 is slidably installed inside the device housing through the axial mounting assembly. The end of the tension connecting rod 15 is connected to the tension sensor 16 installed at the rear end of the tension sensor mounting base 12.
[0006] Optionally, in the thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system as described above, the device housing includes: a base plate 20, a side plate 21, and a cover plate; the device also includes an adapter 2 for connecting a motor; the connecting shaft assembly includes: a front support 6, a drive shaft 7, a rear support 8, and a linear bearing 22. The front support 6 and the rear support 8 are fixedly installed at intervals on the front of the base plate 20 by bolts. The drive shaft 7 is installed in the round holes of the front support 6 and the rear support 7 by linear bearing 22. After the front end of the drive shaft 7 passes through the front side plate, it passes into the adapter 2 for connecting the motor and is fixedly connected. The front end of the drive shaft 7 is connected to the motor of the electric propulsion system through the adapter 2.
[0007] Optionally, in the thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system as described above, The front end of the drive shaft 7 is configured with a stepped square head structure. After being fixedly connected to the adapter 2 through the large end square head, it is pressed with the mounting nut 19 and prevented from loosening by the matching locking screw 18. The torque calibration module is installed through the small end square head and is also prevented from loosening by the matching locking nut 17.
[0008] Optionally, in the torque measurement device for an electric propulsion system as described above, the torque calibration module includes: a torque loading rod 32, a torque wire 26, an angle sensor, and a loading assembly; The torque loading rod 32 is a long rod that is installed at the front end of the drive shaft 7 through a square through hole in its middle and is fixedly connected by a lock nut 17. The loading assembly includes a standard weight and a hydraulic trolley 27. One end of the torque wire 26 is connected to both ends of the torque loading rod 32 in sequence, and the other end is connected to the standard weight of the loading assembly, so that torque is applied to both ends of the torque loading rod 32 in sequence by the standard weight during the loading process. The calibration method of the torque calibration module is as follows: During loading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is moved below the torque wire 26, and the hydraulic trolley 27 is raised to a position level with the hook of the torque wire 26. One or more standard weights are hung through the hook of the torque wire 26, and the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly lowered. The standard weights are naturally suspended and loaded, generating torque on the drive shaft 7. During unloading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly raised until it fully supports the standard weights, and the wire is removed. During loading, torque is applied by connecting both ends of the torque loading rod 32.
[0009] Optionally, in the torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system as described above, the axial mounting assembly for mounting the torque sensor mounting base 11 includes: two anti-torque optical shafts 14 and four optical shaft mounting bases 10. Wherein, an anti-torque optical axis 14 is respectively provided through both ends of the torque sensor mounting base 11, and each anti-torque optical axis 14 is connected to an optical axis mounting base 10 at both ends. Each optical axis mounting base 10 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 20 by bolts. The tension and torque measuring device is used to drive the transmission shaft 7, intermediate connector 9, torque sensor 13 and torque sensor mounting base 11 to move axially when the electric propulsion system is working. Under the action of the anti-torque optical shaft 14, the torque sensor mounting base 11 causes the torque sensor 13 to move axially without being affected by the tension, thereby measuring the torque that is not affected by the tension; and the anti-torque optical shaft 14 causes the torque sensor 13 to bear torque in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.
[0010] Optionally, in the tension and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system as described above, a planar thrust bearing 23 is installed between the front stepped column of the tension link 15 and the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connector 9. The tension is transmitted by pressing the planar thrust bearing 23, and the tension and torque are decomposed by the free rotation of the planar thrust bearing 23. Thus, the tension unaffected by the torque is measured by the tension sensor 16 located at the rear end of the tension link 15.
[0011] Optionally, in the tension torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system as described above, the tension connecting rod 15 has a groove structure in the middle and a threaded structure for connecting the tension sensor 16 at its rear end, and the axial position of the tension connecting rod 15 can be adjusted by screwing the groove structure.
[0012] Optionally, the tension torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system as described above further includes: the tension calibration module, comprising: a calibration stand 28, a fixed pulley 29, a pulley frame 31, a tension steel wire 30, and a loading assembly; The calibration stand 28 is a movable vertical frame. A pulley frame 31 is installed on the top of the calibration stand 28, and a fixed pulley 29 is installed through the pulley frame 31. One end of the tension wire 30 is fixedly connected to the front end of the drive shaft 7 of the tension torque measuring device, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley 29 and is connected to the standard weight in the loading assembly. The fixed pulley 29 is aligned with the simulated motor axis to ensure that the tension wire 30 is aligned with the tension calibration direction when passing through the fixed pulley 29. The loading assembly includes a standard weight, a hydraulic trolley 27, and a simulated motor counterweight 25. The simulated motor counterweight 25 is placed in the adapter 2 and is used for the motor weight. The standard weight is placed on the liftable hydraulic trolley 27. The calibration method of the tension calibration module is as follows: During loading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is raised to a position level with the hook of the tension wire 30, one or more standard weights are hung on the hook of the tension wire 30, and the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly lowered. The standard weights are used to suspend the load naturally, generating axial tension on the drive shaft 7. During unloading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly raised until it fully supports the standard weights, and the tension wire 30 is removed.
[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a thrust torque measurement system for an electric propulsion system, comprising: a thrust torque measuring device 1, an adapter 2, a motor 3, a propeller 4, and a test bench 5; wherein the thrust torque measuring device 1 is the torque measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7. The tension and torque measuring device 1 is fixed on the test bench 5, and its front end is connected to the motor 3 of the electric propulsion system through the adapter 2. The output end of the motor 3 is connected to the propeller 4.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a tension and torque measuring device and system for electric propulsion systems. The tension and torque measuring device provided by the present invention is characterized by separate measurement of tension and torque. The working principle of tension and torque measurement is simple, small in size, and reliable in performance, effectively solving the problem of damage to tension and torque sensors by coupled measurement of tension and torque.
[0015] Furthermore, based on the connection of the stepped column at the front end of the tension link 15 through a planar thrust bearing, the tension and torque are decomposed. On one hand, the planar thrust bearing 23 cancels the torque acting on the tension link 15, ensuring that when the drive shaft 7 rotates circumferentially due to torque, the tension link 15 will not bear torque, thus avoiding any impact on the tension measurement. The mounting base of the torque sensor is installed via an anti-torque optical shaft, allowing axial movement. This ensures that when the drive shaft moves due to tension, the torque sensor can also move back and forth without bearing tension, thus avoiding any impact on the torque measurement. The working principle is simple, the size is small, and the performance is reliable, effectively solving the problem of damage to the tension and torque sensors caused by coupled tension and torque measurements. Based on the tension and torque measuring device provided in this embodiment, a specific scheme for tension and torque calibration is formed. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a thrust and torque measurement system for an electric propulsion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system and its installation structure is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a thrust-torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system provided in the embodiment shown; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the drive shaft structure in the torque measurement device for an electric propulsion system. Figure 6 for Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the tension link in the tension torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system. Figure 6 Figures a, b, and c in the diagram represent the front view, top view, and side view, respectively. Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the calibration principle of the thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment provides a top view of the calibration process of a thrust-torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.
[0019] As explained in the background section, existing tension and torque measuring devices can lead to inaccurate measurement results due to the coupling effect between tension and propeller torque. Furthermore, torque loads can damage both the tension and torque sensors.
[0020] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a force and torque measuring device for electric propulsion systems. This force and torque measuring device can meet the force and torque measurement requirements of electric propulsion systems and avoids mutual interference during torque and force measurements.
[0021] The present invention provides the following specific embodiments, which can be combined with each other. For the same or similar concepts or processes, they may not be described again in some embodiments.
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a thrust and torque measurement system for an electric propulsion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the mounting structure of the torque measurement device for an electric propulsion system on a test bench 5. The torque measurement system for an electric propulsion system provided in this embodiment includes: a torque measurement device 1, an adapter 2, a motor 3, a propeller 4, and a test bench 5. The torque measurement device 1 is fixed on the test bench 5, and its front end is connected to the motor 3 of the electric propulsion system via the adapter 2. The output end of the motor 3 is connected to the propeller 4.
[0023] Figure 1 The tension and torque measuring device 1 in the tension and torque measuring system for electric propulsion system shown below, its assembly form on the test bench 5, and the measuring functions that can be realized based on its assembly form are the core contents of the embodiments of the present invention. The implementation of the tension and torque measuring device for electric propulsion system provided by the present invention will be described below.
[0024] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system and its installation structure is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3A cross-sectional view of a thrust-torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system provided in the embodiment shown; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the drive shaft structure in the torque measurement device for an electric propulsion system. Figure 6 for Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the tension link in the tension torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system. Figure 6 Figures a, b, and c in the diagram represent the front view, top view, and side view, respectively; and Figure 6 The dimensions marked in the figures are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the specific dimensions of the tension link 15 in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0025] Reference Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the tension and torque measuring device 1 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a connecting shaft assembly, an intermediate connecting piece 9, a torque sensor mounting base 11, a tension sensor mounting base 12, a torque sensor 13, an anti-torque optical shaft 14, a tension connecting rod 15, and a tension sensor 16.
[0026] Reference Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the front end of the connecting shaft assembly extends out of the device housing, and the shaft part is installed on the support seat inside the device. The front end of the connecting shaft assembly is connected to the motor of the electric propulsion system through the adapter 2, so as to provide tension and torque to the tension and torque measuring device 1 through the connecting shaft assembly when the electric propulsion system is running.
[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the rear end of the connecting shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the front end of the intermediate connecting member 9. The intermediate connecting member 9 has a stepped shaft hole in the middle. The front end of the tension connecting rod 15 is set as a stepped column structure. The rear end of the tension connecting rod 15 passes through the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connecting member 9 and passes through the through holes of the torque sensor 13, the torque sensor mounting seat 11, and the tension sensor mounting seat 12 in sequence without contact, so that the front stepped column of the tension connecting rod 15 is nested in the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connecting member 9. The front end of the torque sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the intermediate connecting member 9 by bolts. The rear end of the torque sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the torque sensor mounting seat 11 by bolts. The torque sensor mounting seat 11 is slidably installed inside the device housing by an axial mounting assembly. The end of the tension connecting rod 15 is connected to the tension sensor 16 installed at the rear end of the tension sensor mounting seat 12.
[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device housing includes a base plate 20, a side plate 21, and a cover plate. The device also includes an adapter 2 for connecting a motor. The connecting shaft assembly includes a front support 6, a drive shaft 7, a rear support 8, and a linear bearing 22. In this implementation of the connecting shaft assembly, the front support 6 and the rear support 8 are fixedly installed at the front of the base plate 20 by bolts at intervals. The drive shaft 7 is installed in the round holes of the front support 6 and the rear support 7 by linear bearing 22. After the front end of the drive shaft 7 passes through the front side plate, it passes into the adapter 2 for connecting the motor and is fixedly connected; so that the front end of the drive shaft 7 can be connected to the motor of the electric propulsion system through the adapter 2.
[0029] In one embodiment, the front end of the drive shaft 7 is configured with a stepped square head structure. After being fixedly connected to the adapter 2 through the large end square head, it is tightened with the mounting nut 19 and prevented from loosening by the matching locking screw 18. The torque calibration module is installed through the small end square head and is also prevented from loosening by the matching locking nut 17.
[0030] In one implementation scheme, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calibration principle of the thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment provides a top view of the calibration process of a thrust-torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the equipment used for tensile and torque calibration.
[0031] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the torque calibration module in this embodiment includes: a torque loading rod 32, a torque wire 26, an angle sensor, and a loading assembly; the torque loading rod 32 is a long rod, which is installed at the front end of the drive shaft 7 through a square through hole in its middle and is fixedly connected by a locking nut 17; the loading assembly includes: a standard weight and a hydraulic trolley 27; one end of the torque wire 26 is connected to both ends of the torque loading rod 32 in sequence, and the other end is connected to the standard weight of the loading assembly, so that torque is applied to both ends of the torque loading rod 32 in sequence by the standard weight during the loading process.
[0032] The torque calibration module is used to perform torque calibration as follows: During loading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is moved below the torque wire 26, and then the hydraulic trolley 27 is raised to a position level with the hook of the torque wire 26. One or more standard weights are hung through the hook of the torque wire 26, and the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly lowered. The standard weights are naturally suspended and loaded, generating torque on the drive shaft 7. During unloading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly raised until it fully supports the standard weights, and the wire is removed. During loading, torque is applied by connecting both ends of the torque loading rod 32.
[0033] In one implementation of the present invention, the axial mounting assembly for mounting the torque sensor mounting base 11 comprises: two anti-torque optical shafts 14 and four optical shaft mounting bases 10.
[0034] In this implementation, an anti-torque optical axis 14 is respectively provided through both ends of the torque sensor mounting base 11, and each anti-torque optical axis 14 is connected to an optical axis mounting base 10 at both ends. Each optical axis mounting base 10 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 20 by bolts.
[0035] In this implementation, the tension and torque measuring device 1 is used to drive the drive shaft 7, intermediate connector 9, torque sensor 13 and torque sensor mounting base 11 to move axially when the electric propulsion system is working. Under the action of the anti-torque optical shaft 14, the torque sensor mounting base 11 causes the torque sensor 13 to move axially without being affected by the tension, thereby measuring the torque that is not affected by the tension; and the anti-torque optical shaft 14 causes the torque sensor 13 to bear torque in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.
[0036] In one implementation scheme, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, a planar thrust bearing 23 is installed between the front stepped column of the tension link 15 and the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connector 9. The tension is transmitted by pressing the planar thrust bearing 23, and the tension and torque are decomposed by the free rotation of the planar thrust bearing 23. Thus, the tension unaffected by the torque is measured by the tension sensor 16 set at the rear end of the tension link 15.
[0037] In one implementation scheme, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the tension link 15 has a groove structure in the middle and a threaded structure at its rear end for connecting the tension sensor 16. The axial position of the tension link 15 can be adjusted by screwing the groove structure.
[0038] In one implementation of this invention, the tension torque measuring device 1 provided in this embodiment may further include: a tension calibration module; refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. The tensile calibration module in this implementation includes: a calibration stand 28, a fixed pulley 29, a pulley frame 31, a tensile steel wire 30, and a loading assembly.
[0039] The calibration stand 28 is a movable vertical frame. A pulley frame 31 is installed on the top of the calibration stand 28, and a fixed pulley 29 is installed through the pulley frame 31. One end of the tension wire 30 is fixedly connected to the front end of the drive shaft 7 of the tension torque measuring device, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley 29 and is connected to the standard weight in the loading assembly. The fixed pulley 29 is aligned with the simulated motor axis to ensure that the tension wire 30 is aligned with the tension calibration direction when passing through the fixed pulley 29. The loading assembly includes: a standard weight, a hydraulic trolley 27, and a simulated motor counterweight 25. The simulated motor counterweight 25 is placed in the adapter 2 and is used for the motor weight. The standard weight is placed on the liftable hydraulic trolley 27. The calibration method of the tension calibration module is as follows: During loading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is raised to a position level with the hook of the tension wire 30, one or more standard weights are hung on the hook of the tension wire 30, and the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly lowered. The standard weights are used to suspend the load naturally, generating axial tension on the drive shaft 7. During unloading, the hydraulic trolley 27 is slowly raised until it fully supports the standard weights, and the tension wire 30 is removed.
[0040] This invention provides a tension and torque measuring device and system for electric propulsion systems. The tension and torque measuring device provided by this invention is characterized by separate measurement of tension and torque. The working principle of tension and torque measurement is simple, the size is small, and the performance is reliable. It effectively solves the problem of damage to tension and torque sensors caused by coupled measurement of tension and torque.
[0041] Furthermore, based on the connection of the stepped column at the front end of the tension link 15 through a planar thrust bearing, the tension and torque are decomposed. On one hand, the planar thrust bearing 23 cancels the torque acting on the tension link 15, ensuring that when the drive shaft 7 rotates circumferentially due to torque, the tension link 15 will not bear torque, thus avoiding any impact on the tension measurement. The mounting base of the torque sensor is installed via an anti-torque optical shaft, allowing axial movement. This ensures that when the drive shaft moves due to tension, the torque sensor can also move back and forth without bearing tension, thus avoiding any impact on the torque measurement. The working principle is simple, the size is small, and the performance is reliable, effectively solving the problem of damage to the tension and torque sensors caused by coupled tension and torque measurements. Based on the tension and torque measuring device provided in this embodiment, a specific scheme for tension and torque calibration is formed.
[0042] The following is an illustrative example illustrating the implementation of the thrust and torque measuring device and system for electric propulsion systems provided by the present invention.
[0043] Implementation Example This embodiment provides a torque measurement device and system for an electric propulsion system. For example... Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the tension and torque measuring device. Figure 1 The diagram shows the tension and torque measuring device 1, adapter 2, motor 3, propeller 4, and test bench 5. Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the tension and torque measuring device. The tension and torque measuring device 1 is fixed on the test bench 5, and its front end is connected to the adapter 2. The motor 3 is fixed in the adapter 2, and its output end is connected to the propeller 4, realizing the integrated installation of the tension and torque measuring device of the electric propulsion system.
[0044] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the tension and torque measuring device. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the tensile torque measuring device. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the tension and torque measuring device 1 includes: a front support 6, a drive shaft 7, a rear support 8, an intermediate connector 9, an optical shaft mounting base 10, a torque sensor mounting base 11, a tension sensor mounting base 12, a torque sensor 13, an anti-torque optical shaft 14, a tension connecting rod 15, a tension sensor 16, a locking nut 17, a locking screw 18, a mounting nut 19, a base plate 20, a side plate 21, a linear bearing 22, a planar thrust bearing 23, and a power supply box 24.
[0045] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the structure of the drive shaft in the tension and torque measuring device. The rear of the shaft is a flange, fixed to the intermediate connector 9 with screws. The head is a 60*60mm square head, mating with the adapter 2 and tightened with a mounting nut 19, and equipped with a locking screw 18 to prevent loosening. The frontmost part is a 30*30mm square head, used to install the loading rod 32 for torque calibration, and also equipped with a locking nut 17 to prevent loosening. The drive shaft 7 is mounted in the round holes of the front support 6 and rear support 7 via linear bearings 22; the front support 6 and rear support 7 are fixed to the base plate 20 with bolts, allowing the drive shaft 7 to move freely axially and circumferentially.
[0046] When propeller 4 operates, it generates tension and rotational torque. The tension is axial, and the torque is circumferential. Both forces are transmitted through drive shaft 7. The intermediate connector 9, fixedly connected to the rear end of drive shaft 7, is fixedly connected to the front end of torque sensor 13 via a flange. The rear end of torque sensor 13 is fixedly mounted on torque sensor mounting base 11. Torque sensor mounting base 11 is fixedly mounted on mounting base 10 on the device base plate 20 via anti-torque optical shaft 14. Mounting base 10 is fixed to the base plate 20 by bolts. The anti-torque optical shaft 14 ensures that torque sensor 13 can withstand torque in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Figure 6The diagram illustrates the structure of the tension link 15. One end of the tension link 15 is a stepped column structure, installed in the stepped shaft hole inside the intermediate connector 9, used to transmit tension by pressing the planar thrust bearing 23. The planar thrust bearing 23 can rotate freely to decompose the tension and torque. A groove structure is provided in the middle of the tension link 15, and a threaded structure is provided at its rear end for connecting the tension sensor 16. The axial position of the tension link 15 can be adjusted by screwing the groove structure. The tension link 15 passes through the hollow cavity of the torque sensor 13 and is connected to the tension sensor 16 via the threaded end. The torque sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the torque sensor mounting base 11, and the entire assembly can move freely along the anti-torque optical axis 14 without bearing tension, thus preventing damage to the torque sensor 13 due to tension. Based on the connection between the stepped column at the front end of the tension link 15 and the intermediate connecting member 9 via the planar thrust bearing 23, it can be ensured that when the intermediate connecting member 9 rotates circumferentially due to torque, the tension link 15 will not bear torque, thus avoiding any impact on the tension measurement. Furthermore, it ensures that torque cannot be transmitted to the tension link 15, preventing it from bearing circumferential torque. The two forces do not interfere with each other. The power supply box 24 is equipped with power signal lines and acquisition boards for various sensors, etc., for the transmission of measurement data.
[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram (front view) of the calibration of the tension and torque measuring device. Figure 8 This is a top view diagram illustrating the calibration of a tension / torque measuring device. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the tension calibration module installed at the front end of the transmission shaft 7 in the tension torque measuring device provided by the present invention includes: calibration stand 28, fixed pulley 29, pulley frame 31, tension steel wire 30 and loading assembly.
[0048] After the tensile torque measuring device is installed on the test bench 5, the calibration bench 28 has the capability to perform joint calibration of the torque and tensile force of the tensile torque measuring device. The tensile force calibration range is 0~6kN, and the torque calibration range is -1000Nm~1000Nm. The calibration bench 28 adopts a movable vertical frame configuration, with a roller at each of the four corners. The rollers can be manually removed. After the calibration bench 28 is moved to the target position on the test platform, the rollers are removed and the bench is fixed to the test platform with bolts. Its support frame is made of 100mm×100mm square steel, and the calibration bench 28 is designed with reinforcing ribs to ensure the overall strength of the test bench.
[0049] In practice, the calibration stand 28 has a ramp on the side away from the test stand 5 to facilitate the movement of the hydraulic trolley 27, which carries the standard weights, to the loading position. The fixed pulley 29 is mounted on a pulley frame 31, which is bolted to a U-shaped hole in the top plate of the calibration stand 28. The position of the fixed pulley 29 on the simulated motor axis is adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the pulley frame 31 within the U-shaped hole. The vertical position of the fixed pulley 29 is finely adjusted using mounting bolts to ensure it aligns with the simulated motor axis. The fine-tuning range of the fixed pulley 29 is 2mm to ensure that the tension wire 30 passes through the fixed pulley 29 in the same direction as the tension calibration. One end of the tension wire 30 is connected to the adapter 2, and the other end is equipped with a hook to load the standard weights.
[0050] The loading assembly consists of a standard weight, a hydraulic trolley 27, and a simulated motor counterweight 25. The simulated motor counterweight 25 is placed in the middle of the adapter 2, and the standard weight is placed on the liftable hydraulic trolley 27. The hydraulic trolley has dimensions of 1.2m * 0.6m and a lifting distance of 1.2m.
[0051] During loading, first raise the hydraulic trolley 27, which holds the standard weights, to a position level with the hook of the tension wire 30. Pass the tension wire 30 through one or more standard weights and hang it on the hook. Slowly lower the hydraulic trolley 27, allowing the standard weights to be naturally suspended and loaded, generating axial tension on the drive shaft 7. This avoids impact loads and ensures testing safety. During unloading, slowly raise the hydraulic trolley 27 until it fully supports the standard weights, then remove the wire.
[0052] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the torque calibration module in this implementation example comprises a torque loading rod 32, a torque wire 26, an angle sensor, and a loading assembly. The torque loading rod 32 is 1 meter long, with a rectangular cross-section of 30*80mm and a 30*30mm square through-hole in the center. The square head of the drive shaft 7 is fitted through this central through-hole and secured with a locking nut 17 to prevent loosening. The angle sensor is installed at the loading end of the torque loading rod 32 to measure the deflection of the rod under the weight of a standard weight, thereby calculating the distance between the loading direction and the center of the drive shaft 7, and accurately calculating the applied torque load. The loading assembly in this torque calibration module can share the loading assembly of the tension calibration module.
[0053] One end of the torque wire 26 is connected to both ends of the torque loading rod 32 in sequence, and the other end is connected to the standard weight of the loading component, so that torque is applied to both ends of the torque loading rod 32 in sequence by the standard weight during the loading process.
[0054] During loading, first move the hydraulic trolley 27 below the torque wire 26. Then, raise the hydraulic trolley 27, which holds the standard weights, to a position level with the hook of the torque wire 26. Pass the torque wire 26 through one or more standard weights and hang it on the hook. Slowly lower the hydraulic trolley 27; the standard weights will be naturally suspended and loaded, generating torque on the drive shaft 7 without causing impact loads, ensuring testing safety. During unloading, slowly raise the hydraulic trolley 27 until it fully supports the standard weights, then remove the wire.
[0055] The calibration process of the tension and torque measuring device provided in the embodiments of the present invention is described below, including the following steps: Step 1: Measure the tension and torque of the drive shaft 7 without applying additional tension and torque, and record the initial values of torque and tension in this state. These values represent the torque and tension generated on the drive shaft 7 by the simulated motor counterweight 25, adapter 2, loading rod 32, torque wire 26, and tension wire 30; and serve as the reference values for subsequent tension and torque measurements. Step 2: Tensile calibration test. Move the hydraulic trolley 27 under the tension wire 30 and record the tensile force and torque data once without applying any load (to confirm again in actual operation). Then, load standard weights of 50kg, 100kg, 200kg, 300kg, 400kg, and 500kg in sequence, and record the tensile force and torque data for each loading, as well as the deflection data measured by the angle sensor.
[0056] Step 3: Torque calibration test. Remove the tensile load and move the hydraulic trolley 27 under the torque wire 26 (at this time, the torque wire 26 is connected to one end of the loading rod 32). Record the tensile force and torque data once without applying any load (to confirm again in actual operation). Then, load standard weights of 25Kg, 50Kg, 100Kg, and 150Kg in sequence, and record the tensile force and torque data for each loading, as well as the deflection data measured by the angle sensor. Step 4: Hang the torque wire 26 at the center of the loading rod 32, move the hydraulic trolley 27 below the torque wire 26, record the data once without applying any load, and then load standard weights of 25Kg, 50Kg, 100Kg, and 150Kg in sequence, recording the tension and torque data for each loading; compare with the data recorded in Step 3 to quantify the influence of the loaded torque load on the tension under gravity, and use the corresponding tension value for each load (including the tension generated by the deformation of the drive shaft 7, the friction between the torque sensor mounting seat 11 and the anti-torque optical shaft 14, and the friction generated by the intermediate connecting piece 9 and the planar thrust bearing 23), as the compensation value for tension during the joint calibration of tension and torque; Step 5: Based on the relationship between torque load and tensile force obtained in Step 4, conduct a joint calibration test of tensile force and torque. Install the torque wire 26 on the other side of the loading rod 32 in the same direction and record the data once without applying any load. Apply a tensile load of 50 kg and record the tensile force, torque, and deflection data. Then, load 25 kg, 50 kg, 100 kg, and 150 kg on the same side of the loading rod 32 in the same direction in sequence to complete the measurement of tensile force, torque, and deflection in each state and record the data.
[0057] Step 6: Repeat the operation of Step 5, and change the applied tensile load to 100kg, 200kg, 300kg and 400kg in sequence. Then, load 25kg, 50kg, 100kg and 150kg on the longitudinal side of the loading rod 32 in sequence. Complete the measurement of tensile force, torque and deflection in each state and record the data.
[0058] Step 7: Install the torque wire 26 on the other side of the loading rod 32 in the same direction. Repeat steps 5 and 6 to apply torque, complete the measurement of tension and torque in each state, and record the data.
[0059] Step 8: Unload, record data once without applying any load.
[0060] Step 9: Remove the tension wire 30, torque wire 26, and loading rod 32 in sequence, measuring and recording the data after removing each component.
[0061] Step 10: Based on the load data applied by the standard weights in the above steps, the tension and torque data measured by the tension and torque sensors in the above steps, and the deflection of the loading rod 32 obtained by the angle sensor, obtain the tension calibration curve and the torque calibration curve.
[0062] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, they are merely illustrative of the embodiments to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.
Claims
1. A force and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system, characterized in that, include: Connecting shaft assembly, intermediate connector (9), torque sensor mounting base (11), tension sensor mounting base (12), torque sensor (13), anti-torque optical shaft (14), tension connecting rod (15), tension sensor (16); The front end of the connecting shaft assembly extends out of the device housing, and the shaft part is installed on the support seat inside the device. The front end of the connecting shaft assembly is connected to the motor of the electric propulsion system through the adapter (2) so as to provide tension and torque to the tension and torque measuring device through the connecting shaft assembly when the electric propulsion system is running. The rear end of the connecting shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the front end of the intermediate connecting member (9). The intermediate connecting member (9) has a stepped shaft hole in the middle. The front end of the tension rod (15) is set as a stepped column structure. The tension rod (15) passes through the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connecting member (9) with its rear end rod body, and passes through the through holes of the torque sensor (13), the torque sensor mounting base (11) and the tension sensor mounting base (12) in sequence without contact, so that the front stepped column of the tension rod (15) is nested in the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connecting member (9). The front end of the torque sensor (13) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the intermediate connecting member (9). The rear end of the torque sensor (13) is fixedly connected to the torque sensor mounting base (11), and the torque sensor mounting base (11) is slidably installed inside the device housing through the axial mounting assembly. The end of the tension rod (15) is connected to the tension sensor (16) installed at the rear end of the tension sensor mounting base (12).
2. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device housing includes: a base plate (20), a side plate (21) and a cover plate. The device also includes an adapter (2) for connecting a motor. The connecting shaft assembly includes: a front support (6), a drive shaft (7), a rear support (8), and a linear bearing (22). The front support (6) and the rear support (8) are fixedly installed on the front of the base plate (20) by bolts at intervals. The drive shaft (7) is installed in the round holes of the front support (6) and the rear support (8) through the linear bearing (22). After the front end of the drive shaft (7) passes through the front side plate, it passes into the adapter (2) for connecting the motor and is fixedly connected. The front end of the drive shaft (7) is connected to the motor of the electric propulsion system through the adapter (2).
3. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the drive shaft (7) is set as a stepped square head structure. After being fixedly connected to the adapter (2) through the large end square head, it is pressed with the mounting nut (19) and prevented from loosening by the matching locking screw (18). The torque calibration module is installed through the small end square head and is prevented from loosening by the matching locking nut (17).
4. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The torque calibration module includes: a torque loading rod (32), a torque wire (26), an angle sensor, and a loading assembly; The torque loading rod (32) is a long rod that is installed at the front end of the drive shaft (7) through a square through hole in its middle and is fixedly connected by a lock nut (17). The loading assembly includes a standard weight and a hydraulic trolley (27). One end of the torque wire (26) is connected to both ends of the torque loading rod (32) in sequence, and the other end is connected to the standard weight of the loading assembly so that torque is applied to both ends of the torque loading rod (32) in sequence by the standard weight during the loading process. The calibration method of the torque calibration module is as follows: During loading, the hydraulic trolley (27) is moved below the torque wire (26), the hydraulic trolley (27) is raised to a position level with the hook of the torque wire (26), one or more standard weights are hung through the hook of the torque wire (26), the hydraulic trolley (27) is slowly lowered, the standard weights are naturally suspended and loaded, and torque is generated on the drive shaft (7); During unloading, the hydraulic trolley (27) is slowly raised until it fully supports the standard weights, and the wire is removed; wherein during loading, the two ends of the torque loading rod (32) are connected to load torque respectively.
5. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axial mounting assembly for mounting the torque sensor mounting base (11) includes: two anti-torque optical shafts (14) and four optical shaft mounting bases (10). Among them, a reverse torque optical axis (14) is respectively provided through both ends of the torque sensor mounting base (11), and each reverse torque optical axis (14) is connected to an optical axis mounting base (10) at both ends. Each optical axis mounting base (10) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (20) by bolts. The tension and torque measuring device is used to drive the transmission shaft (7), intermediate connector (9), torque sensor (13) and torque sensor mounting base (11) to move axially when the electric propulsion system is working by generating tension. Under the action of the anti-torque optical axis (14), the torque sensor mounting base (11) causes the torque sensor (13) to move axially without being affected by tension, thereby measuring the torque that is not affected by tension; and the anti-torque optical axis (14) causes the torque sensor (13) to bear torque in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.
6. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, A planar thrust bearing (23) is installed between the front stepped column of the tension link (15) and the stepped shaft hole of the intermediate connector (9). The tension is transmitted by pressing the planar thrust bearing (23). The tension and torque are decomposed by the free rotation of the planar thrust bearing (23). The tension unaffected by the torque is measured by the tension sensor (16) set at the rear end of the tension link (15).
7. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The tension link (15) has a groove structure in the middle and a threaded structure at its rear end for connecting the tension sensor (16). The axial position of the tension link (15) can be adjusted by turning the groove structure.
8. The thrust and torque measuring device for an electric propulsion system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The tensile calibration module includes: a calibration stand (28), a fixed pulley (29), a pulley frame (31), a tensile steel wire (30), and a loading assembly; The calibration stand (28) is a movable vertical frame. A pulley frame (31) is installed on the top of the calibration stand (28), and a fixed pulley (29) is installed through the pulley frame (31). One end of the tension wire (30) is fixedly connected to the front end of the drive shaft (7) of the tension torque measuring device, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley (29) and is connected to the standard weight in the loading component. The fixed pulley (29) is aligned with the simulated motor axis to ensure that the tension wire (30) is aligned with the tension calibration direction when passing through the fixed pulley (29). The loading component includes a standard weight, a hydraulic trolley (27), and a simulated motor counterweight 25. The simulated motor counterweight 25 is placed in the adapter (2) for the motor weight. The standard weight is placed on the liftable hydraulic trolley (27). The calibration method of the tension calibration module is as follows: When loading, the hydraulic trolley (27) is raised to a position level with the hook of the tension wire (30), one or more standard weights are hung on the hook of the tension wire (30), and the hydraulic trolley (27) is slowly lowered. The standard weights are used to suspend the load naturally, generating axial tension on the drive shaft (7); when unloading, the hydraulic trolley (27) is slowly raised until it fully supports the standard weights, and the tension wire (30) is removed.
9. A thrust and torque measurement system for an electric propulsion system, characterized in that, include: Tension and torque measuring device (1), adapter (2), motor (3), propeller (4), test bench (5); the tension and torque measuring device (1) is the torque measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The tension torque measuring device (1) is fixed on the test bench (5), and its front end is connected to the motor (3) of the electric propulsion system through the adapter (2). The output end of the motor (3) is connected to the propeller (4).