Spacer gripper impact vibration test fatigue machine and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of spacer test, and particularly relates to a spacer gripper impact vibration test fatigue machine and a test method thereof.The spacer gripper impact vibration test fatigue machine comprises a test bed, a first simulation piece is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the test bed, and second simulation pieces are arranged on the two sides of the first simulation piece; spacer test pieces are arranged between the first simulation piece and the second simulation pieces on the two sides. The first simulation piece is used for simulating the influence on the spacer test piece when the magnitude and the direction of wind power are different in the actual use process, and the second simulation piece is used for simulating the influence on the spacer test piece by a transverse and torsion combined load; and the first simulation assembly is used for driving the first simulation component to adjust the vibration amplitude. Through cooperation of the first simulation assembly and the second simulation assembly, the vibration amplitude and the vibration steepness can be adjusted at the same time, a full wind power scene is covered, and the problem that existing equipment can only simulate a fixed vibration mode is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spacer testing technology, and in particular relates to a spacer gripper impact vibration fatigue test machine and its testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Spacer bars are core support components of high-voltage / ultra-high-voltage transmission lines. They are mainly used to separate and fix split conductors (such as 2-split, 4-split, and 6-split conductors) to prevent the conductors from galloping, colliding, or whipping due to wind excitation, thereby avoiding serious transmission accidents such as insulation damage and conductor breakage. Among them, the spacer bar clamp head, as a key structure that directly clamps the conductor, must withstand complex dynamic loads over a long period of time: In actual operation, the conductor will experience radial vibrations of varying amplitudes and steepness due to fluctuations in natural wind force (such as light breezes, gusts, and strong winds); at the same time, the uneven distribution of the conductor's own gravity and wind shear will also cause the clamp head to bear a composite load of "lateral displacement + circumferential torsion".

[0003] However, current spacer bar gripper testing equipment in the industry has significant technical defects, making it difficult to meet the needs of simulating actual working conditions. The specific problems are as follows: The vibration parameter adjustment is rough: most devices can only adjust the vibration frequency and cannot accurately control the vibration amplitude (corresponding to the wind force) and vibration steepness (corresponding to the rate of wind change, such as the suddenness of gusts), and cannot cover the differences in wind conditions in different regions (such as plains with light winds and mountainous areas with gusts). Single load simulation: Existing equipment can only simulate single linear vibration or lateral load, and cannot reproduce the "lateral + torsion" combined load condition, which leads to the test results being out of sync with the actual failure modes in the field (for example, in the field, the gripper often shows "rolling" of the pin hole and fretting wear fatigue due to the combined load, while traditional equipment cannot induce this type of failure). Insufficient test validity: Due to unrealistic working condition simulation and low parameter control accuracy, the fatigue life and failure threshold obtained from the test deviate significantly from actual engineering applications, making it impossible to provide reliable data support for the structural optimization and quality inspection of spacer bar grippers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems raised in the background art by providing a fatigue test machine for impact vibration of a spacer bar gripper head that can simultaneously adjust the vibration amplitude and vibration steepness, covering all wind scenarios, and its test method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A fatigue test machine for impact vibration of a spacer bar gripper, comprising: The test bench has a first simulation component located at the top center, and second simulation components are located on both sides of the first simulation component. A spacer test component is located between the first simulation component and the second simulation components on both sides. The first simulation component is used to simulate the effect of different wind magnitudes and directions on the spacer test specimen during actual use, and the second simulation component is used to simulate the effect of "lateral + torsional" combined loads on the spacer test specimen. A first simulation component, used to drive a first simulation element to adjust the vibration amplitude, includes a fixed ring fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench, a drive ring rotatably connected to the fixed ring, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive ring, a mounting plate fixedly connected to the mounting frame, an amplitude adjustment block slidably connected through the mounting plate, a first electric push rod fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame, the output end of the first electric push rod fixedly connected to the amplitude adjustment block, and a guide rail fixedly connected to the end of the amplitude adjustment block away from the first electric push rod. An arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rail near the first simulation component. Steepness adjustment plates are rotatably connected to both sides of the arc-shaped plate. A limit ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed ring via a connecting rod. The first simulation component is disposed inside the limit ring, and multiple return springs are provided between the outer wall of the first simulation component and the inner wall of the limit ring. Multiple extension rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first simulation component. The extension rods pass through the corresponding return springs, extend to the outside of the limit ring, and are rotatably connected to push wheels. The arc-shaped plate and the steepness adjustment plates on both sides periodically contact and push the push wheels.

[0006] Preferably, the plurality of the extension rods are made of spring steel.

[0007] Preferably, the drive ring has an annular toothed groove on its peripheral sidewall, a vertical plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test platform, a drive gear that meshes with the annular toothed groove is rotatably connected to the vertical plate, and a first motor for controlling the rotation of the drive gear is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the vertical plate.

[0008] Preferably, the guide rail is provided with a second simulation component, the second simulation component includes a movable plate slidably connected to the guide rail, both ends of the movable plate are rotatably connected to guide wheels, the two guide wheels respectively contact and roll with two steepness adjustment plates, a second electric push rod is fixedly connected inside the guide rail, the output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the movable plate pushes the steepness adjustment plate to change the tilt angle during the movement.

[0009] Preferably, the test bench is equipped with a control component for automatically controlling the adjustment of the first simulation component and the second simulation component. The control component includes a control frame fixedly connected to the test bench, a threaded rod rotatably connected inside the control frame, a control plate threadedly connected to the threaded rod, limit guide rods fixedly connected to both sides of the threaded rod inside the control frame, the limit guide rods slidingly connected to the control plate, a first guide groove is formed on one inner wall of the control frame, a transmission plate is slidably connected inside the first guide groove, an extension block is fixedly connected to the transmission plate, a second guide groove is formed on the transmission plate, a first lifting plate is slidably connected inside the second guide groove, a first electromagnet is correspondingly arranged between the first lifting plate and the extension block, a second lifting plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the control frame away from the first lifting plate, and a second electromagnet is correspondingly arranged between the second lifting plate and the top wall of the control frame.

[0010] Preferably, the test bench has a built-in PLC controller, which adjusts the extension length of the first electric push rod according to the magnetic force between the two first electromagnets and adjusts the extension length of the second electric push rod according to the magnetic force between the two second electromagnets.

[0011] Preferably, the test bench is provided with a third simulation component for driving the second simulation component to perform a "lateral + torsional" compound motion. The third simulation component includes a fixed rod disposed between the two second simulation components. A sliding plate is horizontally slidably connected above the test bench. Two connecting plates are fixedly connected between the sliding plate and the fixed rod. The two second simulation components are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the fixed rod. A spiral guide plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the two second simulation components that are close to each other. A universal ball joint is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench through a support rod. When the universal ball joint contacts the spiral guide plate, it rolls and drives the spiral guide plate to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, a drive frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench, a reciprocating lead screw is rotatably connected inside the drive frame, and a slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding plate. The slider is slidably connected to the inside of the drive frame and threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw. A second motor for driving the reciprocating lead screw is fixedly connected to one outer wall of the drive frame.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of return springs are made of high-strength alloy spring steel, and the spring constant of the return spring is 15-25 N / mm, and the surface of the return spring is provided with an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating.

[0014] Preferably, the drive motor driving the threaded rod is a servo motor, and a speed encoder is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor. The speed encoder is connected to the PLC controller for real-time feedback of the rotation angle and speed of the threaded rod. The PLC controller dynamically corrects the movement stroke of the control board based on the feedback signal.

[0015] A test method for the fatigue test machine used in the impact vibration test of the spacer bar gripper mentioned above includes the following steps: Step 1, Test Specimen Installation: Install the spacer test specimen to be tested in the corresponding installation positions of the first simulation specimen and the second simulation specimens on both sides, ensuring that the clamping state of the test specimen is consistent with the actual transmission line, and confirming that there is no initial damage to the key stress-bearing parts of the test specimen. Step 2, Parameter Setting: Set the vibration amplitude and vibration steepness parameters of the first simulation component, and the lateral displacement stroke and torsional angle parameters of the third simulation component through the PLC controller; Step 3, Test Start-up: Turn on the main switch of the equipment. The first motor drives the first simulation component to generate adjustable parameter vibration of the first simulation element. The second motor drives the third simulation component to achieve "lateral + torsional" compound motion of the second simulation element. Step 4: Data Acquisition: During the test, the PLC controller acquires and stores vibration data, composite load data, and test piece status data according to the set sampling frequency; Step 5: Test Termination and Analysis: When the test piece exhibits a preset failure state or reaches the preset test duration, the equipment automatically stops and the fatigue performance and failure mode of the test piece are analyzed based on the collected data.

[0016] Preferably, the vibration data in step four includes the vibration amplitude, vibration frequency, and vibration steepness of the first simulation component; the composite load data includes the lateral displacement distance, torsional angle, and real-time load value of the second simulation component; and the test component status data includes the clamping force, torque value, and displacement deformation data of key parts of the test component.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this spacer bar gripper impact vibration testing fatigue machine are: This invention, through the cooperation of a first simulation component (arc plate + steepness adjustment plate) and a second simulation component (moving plate + guide wheel), can simultaneously adjust the vibration amplitude and vibration steepness, covering all wind scenarios and solving the problem that existing equipment can only simulate fixed vibration modes.

[0018] This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional equipment's "single load simulation": through the "sliding plate + spiral guide plate + universal ball" structure of the third simulation component, it realizes the synchronous simulation of the composite load of "lateral displacement + circumferential torsion" of the spacer bar grab head, accurately matching the actual motion state of the conductor in the high-voltage transmission line (the composite vibration of the conductor caused by the combined action of wind and gravity).

[0019] This invention, through the combination of composite load and precise vibration parameters, can induce common failure modes in actual engineering such as "pin hole curling", "fretting wear fatigue" and "clamping force attenuation" in spacer bar grippers, providing real experimental basis for gripper structure optimization and material selection.

[0020] This invention achieves automatic adjustment of vibration parameters and composite load parameters through control components (threaded rod + electromagnet + PLC), eliminating the need for manual disassembly or adjustment of components, greatly shortening test preparation time, and allowing a single person to complete the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the fixing ring in this invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the arc-shaped plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the control box in this invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the test method of the present invention.

[0022] In the picture: 1. Test bench; 11. First simulation component; 12. Second simulation component; 2. First simulation component; 21. Fixed ring; 22. Drive ring; 23. Mounting frame; 24. Mounting plate; 25. Amplitude adjustment block; 26. First electric push rod; 27. Guide rail; 28. Arc plate; 29. ​​Steepness adjustment plate; 210. Limiting ring; 211. Return spring; 212. Extension rod; 213. Push wheel; 3. Annular toothed groove; 31. Vertical plate; 32. Drive gear; 33. First motor; 4. Second simulation component; 41. Movable plate; 42. Guide wheel; 43. Second electric push rod; 5. Control components; 51. Control frame; 52. Threaded rod; 53. Control board; 54. Limiting guide rod; 55. First guide groove; 56. Transmission plate; 57. Second guide groove; 58. First lifting plate; 59. First electromagnet; 510. Second lifting plate; 511. Second electromagnet; 6. Third simulation component; 61. Fixed rod; 62. Sliding plate; 63. Spiral guide plate; 64. Universal ball joint; 7. Drive frame; 71. Slider. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 5 A fatigue test machine for impact vibration of a spacer bar gripper, comprising: Test bench 1, a first simulation element 11 is provided at the middle position above the test bench 1, a second simulation element 12 is provided on both sides of the first simulation element 11, and a spacer test element is provided between the first simulation element 11 and the second simulation elements 12 on both sides. The first simulation component 11 is used to simulate the effect of different wind speeds and directions on the spacer test specimen during actual use, and the second simulation component 12 is used to simulate the effect of "lateral + torsional" combined load on the spacer test specimen. First, the test bench 1 is horizontally fixed and installed, ensuring its surface is flat and stable (providing a stable benchmark for subsequent vibration tests). A first simulation element 11 is positioned at the center of the test bench 1. This first simulation element 11 has cylindrical holes matching the material of the actual conductor (such as aluminum stranded wire) to accommodate the clamping dimensions of the spacer bar gripper. Second simulation elements 12 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first simulation element 11. The second simulation elements 12 also have cylindrical holes, ensuring that the spacer bar test piece can be stably positioned between "first simulation element 11 - left-side second simulation element 12" and "first simulation element 11 - right-side second simulation element 12," forming two sets of parallel test channels (allowing for simultaneous comparative tests and improving test efficiency).

[0025] The first simulation component 2 is used to drive the first simulation element 11 to adjust the vibration amplitude. The first simulation component 2 includes a fixed ring 21 fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench 1. A drive ring 22 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 21. A mounting frame 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive ring 22. A mounting plate 24 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 23. An amplitude adjustment block 25 is slidably connected through the mounting plate 24. A first electric push rod 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 23. The output end of the first electric push rod 26 is fixedly connected to the amplitude adjustment block 25. A guide rail 27 is fixedly connected to the end of the amplitude adjustment block 25 away from the first electric push rod 26. The guide rail 27 is close to the first electric push rod 26. One end of the simulation component 11 is fixedly connected to an arc plate 28. Both sides of the arc plate 28 are rotatably connected to steepness adjustment plates 29. The inner side of the fixed ring 21 is fixedly connected to a limit ring 210 through a connecting rod. The first simulation component 11 is set inside the limit ring 210, and multiple return springs 211 are provided between the outer wall of the first simulation component 11 and the inner wall of the limit ring 210. Multiple extension rods 212 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first simulation component 11. The extension rods 212 pass through the corresponding return springs 211, extend to the outside of the limit ring 210, and are rotatably connected to a push wheel 213. The arc plate 28 and the steepness adjustment plates 29 on both sides periodically contact and push the push wheel 213.

[0026] Specifically, the multiple extension rods 212 are made of spring steel.

[0027] Specifically, multiple return springs 211 are made of high-strength alloy spring steel, and the elastic coefficient of return springs 211 is 15-25 N / mm. The surface of return springs 211 is provided with an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating.

[0028] Specifically, the drive ring 22 has an annular toothed groove 3 on its peripheral sidewall, and a vertical plate 31 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench 1. A drive gear 32 that meshes with the annular toothed groove 3 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 31, and a first motor 33 for controlling the rotation of the drive gear 32 is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the vertical plate 31.

[0029] The first motor 33 is started, and its output shaft drives the drive gear 32 to rotate. Through gear meshing, the drive ring 22 rotates at a constant speed around the axis of the fixed ring 21 (e.g., the speed is set to 1 r / min, corresponding to a vibration frequency of 1 Hz). When the drive ring 22 rotates, it drives the mounting frame 23 and the arc plate 28 on the inner wall to move synchronously in a circular motion. When the arc plate 28 or the steepness adjustment plates 29 on both sides contact the push wheel 213, it will generate a radial thrust on the push wheel 213, pushing the first simulation component 11 to vibrate along the direction of the thrust (the return spring 211 is stretched). When the arc plate 28 disengages from the push wheel 213, the return spring 211 elastically resets, pulling the first simulation component 11 back to its initial position, forming periodic vibration.

[0030] To simulate different wind speeds: the PLC controller sends a signal to the first electric push rod 26 to control its extension length. When the first electric push rod 26 extends, it drives the amplitude adjustment block 25 and the arc plate 28 to move closer to the first simulation component 11. The radial displacement of the push wheel 213 increases, and the vibration amplitude of the first simulation component 11 increases accordingly (e.g., from 2mm to 4.5mm). Conversely, when the electric push rod retracts, the vibration amplitude decreases.

[0031] To simulate "steepness of different wind directions": the tilt angle of the steepness adjustment plate 29 is adjusted by the subsequent second simulation component 4. When the angle increases, the rate of change of the thrust on the pusher 213 increases, and the vibration steepness increases; when the angle decreases, the thrust changes more gradually, and the vibration steepness decreases.

[0032] To address the issue that existing equipment can only output linear motion trajectories, the circular motion of the arc plate 28 drives the first simulation component 11 to generate an arc vibration approximately that of a conductor around the suspension point. At the same time, the vibration amplitude and steepness are adjustable, accurately simulating the vibration state of the spacer under different wind conditions.

[0033] The guide rail 27 is provided with a second simulation component 4. The second simulation component 4 includes a movable plate 41 slidably connected to the guide rail 27. Both ends of the movable plate 41 are rotatably connected to guide wheels 42. The two guide wheels 42 respectively contact and roll with two steepness adjustment plates 29. A second electric push rod 43 is fixedly connected inside the guide rail 27. The output end of the second electric push rod 43 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 41. During the movement, the movable plate 41 pushes the steepness adjustment plate 29 to change the tilt angle.

[0034] When it is necessary to adjust the vibration steepness, the PLC controller sends a control signal to the second electric actuator 43: When the second electric push rod 43 extends, it pushes the moving plate 41 to move along the guide rail 27 toward the steepness adjustment plate 29. The guide wheel 42 squeezes the steepness adjustment plate 29, causing it to rotate around the hinge and increase the angle with the arc plate 28 (e.g., from 15° to 30°). At this time, when the arc plate 28 rotates to contact the push wheel 213, the time for the thrust to increase from 0 to the maximum value is shortened, and the rising edge of the vibration of the first simulation component 11 becomes steeper, simulating the working condition of a "sudden gust of wind".

[0035] When the second electric push rod 43 retracts, the moving plate 41 drives the guide wheel 42 to move backward, and the steepness adjustment plate 29 returns to its original position under its own gravity. The included angle decreases, the thrust changes smoothly, and the rising edge of the vibration becomes gentler, simulating the working condition of "stable wind". The rotational connection between the steepness adjustment plate 29 and the arc plate 28 is not a 360-degree rotation, but has a certain adjustable range.

[0036] In conjunction with the first simulation component, the vibration characteristics can be finely adjusted, enabling the equipment to simulate the vibration steepness under different wind conditions, further improving the realism of the working condition simulation and avoiding the shortcomings of the existing equipment with a single vibration mode.

[0037] The test bench 1 is equipped with a control component 5 for automatically controlling the adjustment of the first simulation component 2 and the second simulation component 4. The control component 5 includes a control frame 51 fixedly connected to the test bench 1. A threaded rod 52 is rotatably connected inside the control frame 51. A drive motor for driving the threaded rod 52 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the control frame 51. A control plate 53 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 52. Limiting guide rods 54 are fixedly connected to both sides of the threaded rod 52 inside the control frame 51. The limiting guide rods 54 are slidably connected to the control plate 53. A first guide groove 55 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the control frame 51. A transmission plate 56 is slidably connected in the first guide groove 55. An extension block is fixedly connected to the transmission plate 56. A second guide groove 57 is provided on the transmission plate 56. A first lifting plate 58 is slidably connected in the second guide groove 57. A first electromagnet 59 is correspondingly provided between the first lifting plate 58 and the extension block. A second lifting plate 510 is slidably connected on the side wall of the control frame 51 away from the first lifting plate 58. A second electromagnet 511 is correspondingly provided between the second lifting plate 510 and the inner top wall of the control frame 51.

[0038] Specifically, the test bench 1 has a built-in PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the extension length of the first electric push rod 26 according to the magnetic force between the two first electromagnets 59, and adjusts the extension length of the second electric push rod 43 according to the magnetic force between the two second electromagnets 511.

[0039] Specifically, the drive motor for the threaded rod 52 is a servo motor. A speed encoder is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor. The speed encoder is connected to the PLC controller for real-time feedback of the rotation angle and speed of the threaded rod 52. The PLC controller dynamically corrects the movement stroke of the control board 53 based on the feedback signal.

[0040] The core function of this component is to automate the adjustment of the equipment, avoiding the tedious manual parameter adjustment required by existing equipment. The specific control logic is as follows: Automatic adjustment of vibration amplitude: The drive motor controls the rotation of the threaded rod 52, causing the control plate 53 to move in the lower half of the two limit guide rods 54. The control plate 53 abuts against and pushes the first lifting plate 58, thereby causing the two first electromagnets 59 to move away from each other. The change in magnetic force (repulsion / attraction) generated when the two first electromagnets 59 move away from each other can be fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC calculates the required extension and retraction of the first electric push rod 26 based on this signal, controls its extension, increases the distance between the arc plate 28 and the first simulation component 11, and finally increases the vibration amplitude. Automatic adjustment of vibration steepness: The drive motor controls the rotation of the threaded rod 52, causing the control plate 53 to move in the upper half of the two limit guide rods 54. During this process, since the first lifting plate 58 moves to the top of the second guide groove 57, the transmission plate 56 can move upward in the first guide groove 55. The first lifting plate 58 no longer moves relative to the extension block, and the magnetic force between the two first electromagnets 59 no longer changes. The control plate 53 then abuts against and pushes the second lifting plate 510, causing the two second electromagnets 511 to approach each other. The change in magnetic force (repulsion / attraction) generated when the two second electromagnets 511 approach each other can be fed back to the PLC controller: thereby controlling the second electric push rod 43 to extend and push the moving plate 41 to adjust the angle of the steepness adjustment plate 29.

[0041] The test bench 1 is equipped with a third simulation component 6, which is used to drive the second simulation component 12 to perform a "lateral + torsional" compound motion. The third simulation component 6 includes a fixed rod 61 disposed between the two second simulation components 12. A sliding plate 62 is horizontally slidably connected above the test bench 1. Two connecting plates are fixedly connected between the sliding plate 62 and the fixed rod 61. The two second simulation components 12 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the fixed rod 61. A spiral guide plate 63 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the two second simulation components 12 that are close to each other. A universal ball joint 64 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench 1 through a support rod. When the universal ball joint 64 contacts the spiral guide plate 63, it rolls and drives the spiral guide plate 63 to rotate.

[0042] Specifically, a drive frame 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench 1, a reciprocating lead screw is rotatably connected inside the drive frame 7, and a slider 71 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding plate 62. The slider 71 is slidably connected to the inside of the drive frame 7 and threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw. A second motor for driving the reciprocating lead screw is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the drive frame 7.

[0043] The core function of this component is to address the lack of torsional load capacity in existing equipment, enabling the simulation of a combined "lateral + torsional" load. The specific working process is as follows: Lateral motion simulation: Start the second motor, its output shaft drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, and through the thread transmission, drive the slider and sliding plate 62 to make horizontal reciprocating motion along the drive frame 7 (e.g., reciprocating frequency 1Hz, stroke ±10mm). The sliding plate 62 drives the two second simulation pieces 12 to move laterally synchronously through the connecting plate and the fixed rod 61, thereby applying a horizontal alternating load to the spacer bar test piece.

[0044] Torsional motion simulation: When the second simulated component 12 moves laterally, the spiral guide plate 63 on its side wall moves together. The spiral surface of the spiral guide plate 63 contacts the ball head of the universal ball component 64. Since the universal ball component 64 is fixed, the spiral surface generates torque along the spiral direction due to the reaction force of the ball head, which drives the second simulated component 12 to rotate around its own axis (e.g., the torsion angle is ±5°, matching the actual torsion amplitude of the conductor), thereby applying a torsional load to the gripper of the spacer bar test piece.

[0045] Through the above structure, the second simulation component 12 can simultaneously achieve torsion while moving laterally, forming a "lateral + torsion" composite load, which accurately simulates the composite vibration state of the conductor under wind excitation. It can effectively induce the micro-motion friction of the spacer bar grab head pin hole, providing load conditions for reproducing the "rolled edge" failure morphology on site.

[0046] Reference Figure 6 A test method for the fatigue test machine used in the impact vibration test of the spacer bar gripper, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Test Specimen Installation: Install the spacer test specimen to be tested at the corresponding installation positions of the first simulation specimen 11 and the second simulation specimens 12 on both sides, ensuring that the clamping state of the test specimen is consistent with the actual transmission line, and confirming that there is no initial damage to the key stress-bearing parts of the test specimen. Step 2, Parameter Setting: Set the vibration amplitude and vibration steepness parameters of the first simulation component 2, and the lateral displacement stroke and torsional angle parameters of the third simulation component 6 through the PLC controller; Step 3, Test Start-up: Turn on the main switch of the equipment. The first motor 33 drives the first simulation component 2 to drive the first simulation element 11 to generate adjustable parameter vibration. The second motor drives the third simulation component 6 to drive the second simulation element 12 to achieve "lateral + torsional" compound motion. Step 4: Data Acquisition: During the test, the PLC controller acquires and stores vibration data, composite load data, and test piece status data according to the set sampling frequency; Specifically, the vibration data in step four includes the vibration amplitude, vibration frequency and vibration steepness of the first simulation component 11; the composite load data includes the lateral displacement distance, torsional angle and real-time load value of the second simulation component 12; and the test component status data includes the clamping force, torque value and displacement deformation data of key parts of the test component.

[0047] Step 5: Test Termination and Analysis: When the test piece exhibits a preset failure state or reaches the preset test duration, the equipment automatically stops and the fatigue performance and failure mode of the test piece are analyzed based on the collected data.

[0048] The functional principle of this invention can be explained through the following operational methods: 1. Test specimen installation: Install the spacer bar gripper (test piece) to be tested into the corresponding cylindrical holes of "first simulated piece 11 - left second simulated piece 12" and "first simulated piece 11 - right second simulated piece 12" respectively, ensuring that the gripper is firmly clamped and the contact state with the simulated piece (simulated conductor) is consistent with the actual transmission line. Check the key stress-bearing parts of the spacer bar gripper (such as pin holes and clamping claws) to ensure they are intact and free from initial damage, so as to avoid affecting the test results.

[0049] 2. Wind simulation parameters (controlled by the first simulation component 2 + the second simulation component 4): Vibration amplitude: Adjust the extension and retraction of the first electric push rod 26 according to the actual wind force level, thereby controlling the distance between the arc plate 28 and the first simulation component 11; Vibration steepness: Under the condition of maximum vibration amplitude, adjust the extension and retraction of the second electric push rod 43 according to the type of wind change, and adjust the angle between the steepness adjustment plate 29 and the arc plate 28; Finally, the damage condition of the spacer bar test specimen under the maximum vibration amplitude and maximum vibration frequency was obtained, and the fatigue test performance of the spacer bar test specimen was obtained.

[0050] 3. Composite load parameters (controlled by the third simulation component): Lateral travel: The second motor drives the reciprocating lead screw, corresponding to the lateral displacement of the conductor; Torsion angle: The torsion of the second simulation component 12 is controlled by the spiral guide plate 63; Finally, the damage condition of the spacer bar test specimen under the combined load condition of "transverse + torsion" was obtained, and the fatigue test performance of the spacer bar test specimen was obtained.

[0051] 4. Turn on the main power switch of the equipment. The PLC controller will automatically perform the following operations: Start the first motor 33 to drive the drive ring 22 to rotate, and the first simulation component 2 will start to drive the first simulation component 11 to generate vibration with "adjustable amplitude and steepness" to simulate the impact of different wind forces on the spacer bar grab head. The second motor is started, driving the sliding plate 62 to reciprocate laterally. The third simulation component 6 drives the second simulation component 12 to achieve a "lateral + torsional" composite motion, applying a composite load to the spacer bar gripper. During the experiment, key data was monitored in real time through the PLC operating interface: Vibration data (vibration amplitude, frequency, and steepness of the first simulation component 11). Composite load data (lateral displacement, torsional angle, and load magnitude of the second simulation component 12). Gripper status data (clamping force, torque value, whether displacement occurs).

[0052] 5. During the test run, the PLC controller will automatically collect and store the following data (the sampling frequency can be set, such as 1 time / second, 1 time / minute): Time series data: Curves showing the changes in vibration amplitude, lateral displacement, torsional angle, clamping force, and torque over time; Status monitoring data: operating parameters of each component of the equipment, and images of the gripper's appearance; Failure-related data: If the test is stopped due to gripper failure, record the failure time, failure location, and key parameters before failure.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue test machine for impact vibration of a spacer bar gripper, characterized in that, include: Test bench (1), a first simulation element (11) is provided at the middle position above the test bench (1), a second simulation element (12) is provided on both sides of the first simulation element (11), and a spacer test element is provided between the first simulation element (11) and the second simulation elements (12) on both sides; The first simulation component (11) is used to simulate the effect of different wind speeds and directions on the spacer test piece during actual use, and the second simulation component (12) is used to simulate the effect of lateral torsional combined load on the spacer test piece; The first simulation component (2) is used to drive the first simulation element (11) to adjust the vibration amplitude. The first simulation component (2) includes a fixed ring (21) fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench (1). A drive ring (22) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (21). A mounting frame (23) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive ring (22). A mounting plate (24) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (23). An amplitude adjustment block (25) is slidably connected through the mounting plate (24). A first electric push rod (26) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (23). The output end of the first electric push rod (26) is fixedly connected to the amplitude adjustment block (25). A guide rail (27) is fixedly connected to the end of the amplitude adjustment block (25) away from the first electric push rod (26). An arc plate (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the first simulation component (11). Steepness adjustment plates (29) are rotatably connected to both sides of the arc plate (28). A limit ring (210) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed ring (21) through a connecting rod. The first simulation component (11) is set inside the limit ring (210), and multiple return springs (211) are provided between the outer wall of the first simulation component (11) and the inner wall of the limit ring (210). Multiple extension rods (212) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first simulation component (11). The extension rods (212) pass through the corresponding return springs (211), extend to the outside of the limit ring (210), and are rotatably connected to push wheels (213). The arc plate (28) and the steepness adjustment plates (29) on both sides periodically contact and push the push wheels (213).

2. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar gripper head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple extension rods (212) are made of spring steel.

3. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar grippers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive ring (22) has an annular toothed groove (3) on its peripheral sidewall. The test bench (1) is fixedly connected to a vertical plate (31). A drive gear (32) that meshes with the annular toothed groove (3) is rotatably connected to the vertical plate (31). A first motor (33) for controlling the rotation of the drive gear (32) is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the vertical plate (31).

4. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar grippers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide rail (27) is provided with a second simulation component (4), which includes a movable plate (41) slidably connected to the guide rail (27). Both ends of the movable plate (41) are rotatably connected to guide wheels (42). The two guide wheels (42) respectively contact and roll with two steepness adjustment plates (29). A second electric push rod (43) is fixedly connected inside the guide rail (27). The output end of the second electric push rod (43) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (41). The movable plate (41) pushes the steepness adjustment plate (29) to change its tilt angle during the movement.

5. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration testing of spacer bar grippers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The test bench (1) is equipped with a control component (5) for automatically controlling the adjustment of the first simulation component (2) and the second simulation component (4). The control component (5) includes a control frame (51) fixedly connected to the test bench (1). A threaded rod (52) is rotatably connected inside the control frame (51). A drive motor for driving the threaded rod (52) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the control frame (51). A control plate (53) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (52). Limiting guide rods (54) are fixedly connected to both sides of the threaded rod (52) inside the control frame (51). The limiting guide rods (54) are slidably connected to the control plate (53). A first guide groove (55) is provided on one side of the inner wall of (51). A transmission plate (56) is slidably connected in the first guide groove (55). An extension block is fixedly connected on the transmission plate (56). A second guide groove (57) is provided on the transmission plate (56). A first lifting plate (58) is slidably connected in the second guide groove (57). A first electromagnet (59) is correspondingly provided between the first lifting plate (58) and the extension block. A second lifting plate (510) is slidably connected on the side wall of the control frame (51) away from the first lifting plate (58). A second electromagnet (511) is correspondingly provided between the second lifting plate (510) and the inner top wall of the control frame (51).

6. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar grippers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The test bench (1) has a built-in PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the extension length of the first electric push rod (26) according to the magnetic force between the two first electromagnets (59) and adjusts the extension length of the second electric push rod (43) according to the magnetic force between the two second electromagnets (511).

7. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration testing of spacer bar grippers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench (1) is provided with a third simulation component (6) for driving the second simulation component (12) to perform a "lateral + torsional" compound motion. The third simulation component (6) includes a fixed rod (61) disposed between the two second simulation components (12). A sliding plate (62) is horizontally slidably connected above the test bench (1). Two connecting plates are fixedly connected between the sliding plate (62) and the fixed rod (61). The two second simulation components (12) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the fixed rod (61), and a spiral guide plate (63) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the two second simulation components (12) that are close to each other. A universal ball component (64) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the test bench (1) through a support rod. When the universal ball component (64) contacts the spiral guide plate (63), it rolls and drives the spiral guide plate (63) to rotate.

8. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar grippers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The test bench (1) is fixedly connected to the upper end of a drive frame (7), and a reciprocating lead screw is rotatably connected inside the drive frame (7). The lower end of the sliding plate (62) is fixedly connected to a slider (71), which is slidably connected to the inside of the drive frame (7). The slider (71) is threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw. A second motor for driving the reciprocating lead screw is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the drive frame (7).

9. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar grippers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple reset springs (211) are made of high-strength alloy spring steel, and the elastic coefficient of the reset springs (211) is 15-25 N / mm. The surface of the reset springs (211) is provided with an anti-corrosion and wear-resistant coating.

10. The fatigue test machine for impact vibration of spacer bar grippers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive motor that drives the threaded rod (52) is a servo motor. The output shaft of the servo motor is equipped with a speed encoder. The speed encoder is connected to the PLC controller for real-time feedback of the rotation angle and speed of the threaded rod (52). The PLC controller dynamically corrects the movement stroke of the control board (53) according to the feedback signal.

11. A test method for the fatigue testing machine for impact vibration testing of spacer bar grippers according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, test piece installation: Install the spacer test piece to be tested in the corresponding installation positions of the first simulation piece (11) and the second simulation pieces (12) on both sides, respectively, to ensure that the clamping state of the test piece is consistent with the actual transmission line, and to confirm that there is no initial damage to the key stress parts of the test piece; Step 2, Parameter setting: Set the vibration amplitude and vibration steepness parameters of the first simulation component (2) and the lateral displacement stroke and torsional angle parameters of the third simulation component (6) through the PLC controller; Step 3, Test Start-up: Turn on the main switch of the equipment. The first motor (33) drives the first simulation component (2) to drive the first simulation element (11) to generate adjustable parameter vibration. The second motor drives the third simulation component (6) to drive the second simulation element (12) to achieve "lateral + torsional" compound motion. Step 4: Data Acquisition: During the test, the PLC controller acquires and stores vibration data, composite load data, and test piece status data according to the set sampling frequency; Step 5: Test Termination and Analysis: When the test piece exhibits a preset failure state or reaches the preset test duration, the equipment automatically stops and the fatigue performance and failure mode of the test piece are analyzed based on the collected data.

12. The method for testing the impact vibration of the spacer bar gripper head according to claim 11, characterized in that, The vibration data in step four includes the vibration amplitude, vibration frequency and vibration steepness of the first simulation component (11), the composite load data includes the lateral displacement distance, torsion angle and real-time load value of the second simulation component (12), and the test component status data includes the clamping force, torque value and displacement deformation data of key parts of the test component.

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