Special seabed multi-core optical fiber composite cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of multi-core optical fiber composite cables, and discloses a seabed special-purpose multi-core optical fiber composite cable comprising a positioning assembly which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of an optical fiber unit; the insulation assembly is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning assembly, when external water enters the fiber cloth through cracks in the surface, due to the fact that resin in the fiber cloth is cross-linked sodium polyacrylate or acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer, sodium ions on the surface of the fiber cloth can be rapidly separated from a polymer framework when the fiber cloth makes contact with the water, and the fiber cloth is not prone to falling off. When the cable surface cracks, the resin on the fiber cloth absorbs water and expands to block the cracks on the cable surface, so that a worker can reach a designated position for subsequent work personnel, and the cable surface cracks are prevented from entering the cable surface. And the maintenance time of the cable is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-core optical fiber composite cable technology, specifically a multi-core optical fiber composite cable for submarine applications. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of global informatization, the booming development of transoceanic communication, marine resource exploration and development, marine environmental monitoring, and green energy projects such as offshore wind power has created an unprecedented and urgent demand for high-performance and highly reliable submarine information and energy transmission carriers. Submarine cables, as the "lifeline" connecting offshore platforms, islands, observation nodes, and land-based hubs, directly affect communication quality, energy supply security, and the continuity of data acquisition.

[0003] During cable laying, when the cable comes into contact with a rough seabed, the rough object will rub against the cable's outer sheath, wearing away the surface material and creating scratches. Because the bottom of the scratches is very sharp, it forms microscopic gaps. At this time, the stress generated by the ocean current will concentrate towards the scratches. Under the action of stress, the microscopic cracks will slowly evolve into microscopic fissures, and eventually into cracks, resulting in seawater erosion of the cable, making the cable unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a submarine-specific multi-core optical fiber composite cable, including a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism further including an optical fiber unit; The positioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fiber optic unit; it is used to insulate the cable. The protection mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning mechanism; it is used to protect the outermost layer of the cable.

[0005] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes: The positioning component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fiber optic unit. An insulating component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning component.

[0006] Preferably, the protection mechanism includes: The protective component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the insulating component; The blocking component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective component.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning component includes several electrical conductors fixedly connected to the outer wall of the optical fiber unit, and several conductor shielding layers are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the several electrical conductors; The electrical conductor is made of high-purity copper or aluminum.

[0008] Preferably, the insulation component includes a main insulation layer fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conductor shielding layer, and a metal sheath fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main insulation layer; The main insulation layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene, and the metal sheath is made of lead or aluminum.

[0009] Preferably, the protective component includes an armor layer fixedly connected to the outer wall of the metal sheath, and a fiber cloth is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the armor layer; The fiber cloth contains polyester fibers.

[0010] Preferably, the blocking component includes a plurality of material holes formed in the inner wall of the fiber cloth, and an outer sheath layer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fiber cloth; The material contains resin, as shown at position e in the figure. Before fixing the fiber cloth to the inside of the cable, the resin is first fused with the fiber cloth. The resin is cross-linked sodium polyacrylate or acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer, and the outer sheath material is high-density polyethylene.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) When small cracks appear on the surface of the cable, external water will enter the fiber cloth through the surface cracks. The resin inside the fiber cloth is cross-linked sodium polyacrylate or acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer. When it comes into contact with water, the sodium ions on its surface will quickly detach from the polymer skeleton and dissolve in the surrounding water. The water molecules will move towards the interior of the resin. As the water molecules continue to flow in, the stretched cross-linked polymer will generate an increasingly large elastic contraction force, causing the resin to expand until the resin blocks the cracks, preventing external water from entering the interior. In this way, when cracks appear on the surface of the cable, the resin on the fiber cloth absorbs water and expands, blocking the cracks on the surface of the cable, thus extending the time for subsequent personnel to reach the designated location and repair the cable.

[0012] (2) In this invention, when the resin inside the material pores absorbs water and expands, because the material pores are located on the inner wall of the fiber cloth, the expansion of the resin in all directions will generate a compressive force on the fiber cloth. However, when the fiber cloth senses the pressure generated by the resin, it will exert a force on the resin itself. Figure 6 The extrusion pressure centered on q causes the resin to be guided by the fiber cloth when it expands. This prevents the resin from expanding independently and distributes all the expansion force evenly in all directions. As a result, the adhesion pressure between the resin and the damaged edge is insufficient, which can easily lead to the formation of leakage channels.

[0013] (3) When water seeps in through the tiny gaps in the outer layer, when the water comes into contact with the fiber cloth, the capillary action and pores on the fiber cloth will slow down the full penetration of the water, so that the water can penetrate the resin layer more evenly from all directions, making the expansion force of the resin more evenly distributed. This prevents water from rushing in from a single hole, which would cause the resin directly below the hole to react violently, while the resin far away will not be affected. The expanded fiber cloth and the unexpanded fiber cloth will form excessive local expansion stress, and the expansion stress may tear the material.

[0014] (4) When a gap appears on the outside of an area of ​​the outer sheath, the resin and the fiber cloth are fused together. Water flows into the fiber cloth from the gap in the outer sheath and comes into contact with the resin on the fiber cloth. The resin expands on the fiber cloth and is then filled by the resin in the crack of the outer sheath. In this way, the resin is prevented from accumulating or settling when the cable is bent or vibrated, which would cause the material on the fiber cloth to shift. This would mean that in the area of ​​the outer sheath where the crack appears, there is no resin material in the corresponding area of ​​the fiber cloth, so that the crack on the outer sheath cannot be filled in time. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall plan of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating component of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the material port of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle.

[0017] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: In the diagram: 1. Fixing mechanism; 12. Fiber optic unit; 2. Positioning mechanism; 21. Positioning component; 211. Electrical conductor; 212. Conductor shielding layer; 22. Insulation component; 221. Main insulation layer; 222. Metal sheath; 3. Protection mechanism; 31. Protection component; 311. Armor layer; 312. Fiber cloth; 32. Barrier component; 321. Material hole; 322. Outer sheath layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-5 The present invention is a submarine-specific multi-core optical fiber composite cable, including a fixing mechanism 1, and the fixing mechanism 1 further includes an optical fiber unit 12. Positioning mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of fiber optic unit 12; used for cable insulation. The protection mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning mechanism 2; it is used to protect the outermost layer of the cable.

[0020] Positioning mechanism 2 includes: Positioning component 21 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of optical fiber unit 12; Insulating component 22 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of positioning component 21.

[0021] Example 2, please refer to Figures 2-8 This invention relates to a multi-core optical fiber composite cable for submarine applications. Based on Example 1, the protection mechanism 3 includes: Protection component 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of insulating component 22; The blocking component 32 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective component 31. When a small crack appears on the surface 314 of the cable, external water will enter the fiber cloth 312 through the crack. When the cross-linked sodium polyacrylate or acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer inside the fiber cloth 312 comes into contact with water, the sodium ions on its surface will quickly detach from the polymer skeleton and dissolve in the surrounding water. The water molecules will move towards the interior of the resin. As the water molecules continue to flow in, the stretched cross-linked polymer will generate an increasing elastic contraction force, causing the resin to expand until it blocks the crack, preventing external water from entering. In this way, when a crack appears on the cable surface, the resin on the fiber cloth 312 absorbs water and expands, blocking the crack on the cable surface, thus extending the time for subsequent personnel to reach the designated location and repair the cable.

[0022] The positioning component 21 includes a plurality of power conductors 211 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the optical fiber unit 12, and a plurality of conductor shielding layers 212 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the plurality of power conductors 211. The material of the power conductor 211 is high-purity copper or aluminum.

[0023] Insulation component 22 includes a main insulation layer 221 fixedly connected to the outer wall of conductor shielding layer 212, and a metal sheath 222 fixedly connected to the outer wall of main insulation layer 221; The main insulation layer 221 is made of cross-linked polyethylene, and the metal sheath 222 is made of lead or aluminum.

[0024] The protective component 31 includes an armor layer 311 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the metal sheath 222, and a fiber cloth 312 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the armor layer 311. Among them, the interior of fiber cloth 312 is polyester fiber.

[0025] The blocking component 32 includes a plurality of material holes 321 formed on the inner wall of the fiber cloth 312, and an outer sheath 322 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fiber cloth 312. Resin is present in material port 321, such as Figure 4At position e, before fixing the fiber cloth 312 to the inside of the cable, the resin is first fused with the fiber cloth 312. The resin is cross-linked sodium polyacrylate or acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer, and the outer sheath 322 is made of high-density polyethylene. When water seeps in through the tiny gaps in the outer sheath 322, the capillary action and pores on the fiber cloth 312 slow down the full penetration of the water, allowing the water to penetrate the resin layer more evenly from all directions. This makes the expansion force of the resin more evenly distributed, preventing water from rushing in from a single hole, which would cause the resin directly below the hole to react violently, while the resin further away would not be affected. The expanded fiber cloth 312 and the unexpanded fiber cloth 312 would form excessive local expansion stress, which could tear the material.

[0026] One specific application of this embodiment is as follows: When a small crack appears on the surface 314 of the cable, external water can enter the fiber cloth 312 through the crack. When the cross-linked sodium polyacrylate or acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer inside the fiber cloth 312 comes into contact with water, the sodium ions on its surface will quickly detach from the polymer skeleton and dissolve in the surrounding water. Meanwhile, the water molecules will move towards the interior of the resin. As water molecules continue to flow in, the stretched cross-linked polymer will generate increasingly greater elastic contraction force, causing the resin to expand until it blocks the crack, preventing external water from entering the interior. In this way, when a crack appears on the cable surface, the resin on the fiber cloth 312 absorbs water and expands, blocking the crack on the cable surface, thus extending the time for subsequent personnel to reach the designated location and repair the cable.

[0027] When the resin inside the material hole 321 absorbs water and expands, because the material hole 321 is located on the inner wall of the fiber cloth 312, the expansion of the resin in all directions will exert a compressive force on the fiber cloth 312. However, when the fiber cloth 312 senses the pressure generated by the resin, it will exert a force on the resin itself. Figure 6 The extrusion pressure centered on q will guide the resin as it expands through the fiber cloth 312. This prevents the resin from expanding independently and distributes all the expansion force evenly in all directions. However, this results in insufficient adhesion pressure between the resin and the damaged edge, which can easily lead to leakage channels.

[0028] When water seeps in through the tiny gaps in the outer sheath 322, upon contact with the fiber cloth 312, the capillary action and pores on the fiber cloth 312 slow down the overall penetration of the water, allowing the water to penetrate the resin layer more evenly from all directions. This makes the expansion force of the resin more evenly distributed, preventing water from rushing in from a single tear, which would cause a violent reaction in the resin directly below the tear, while the resin further away would not be affected. The expanded fiber cloth 312 and the unexpanded fiber cloth 312 will form excessive local expansion stress, which may tear the material.

[0029] When a gap appears on the outside of an area of ​​the outer sheath 322, because the resin on the fiber cloth 312 is fixed in the material inlet 321, water flowing from the gap in the outer sheath into the fiber cloth 312 will come into contact with the resin on the fiber cloth 312. The resin in the material inlet 321 will absorb the water and then expand, filling the gap in the outer sheath 322. In this way, when the resin accumulates or settles when the cable is bent or vibrated, the material on the fiber cloth 312 will shift. This will result in the area of ​​the fiber cloth 312 where the outer sheath 322 has a crack, but there will be no resin material in the corresponding area, so the crack in the outer sheath 322 cannot be filled in time.

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A submarine special-purpose multi-core fiber optic cable comprising a fixing mechanism (1) which further comprises a fiber unit (12), characterized in that, Also includes: Positioning mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the optical fiber unit (12) for insulating the cable.

2. A submarine special-purpose multi-fiber optical fiber composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (2) includes: Positioning component (21), which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the optical fiber unit (12); An insulating component (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning component (21); The protection mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning mechanism (2); it is used to protect the outermost layer of the cable.

3. The submarine-specific multi-core optical fiber composite cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (3) includes: A protective component (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the insulating component (22); A blocking component (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective component (31).

4. The submarine-specific multi-core optical fiber composite cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning component (21) includes a plurality of power conductors (211) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the optical fiber unit (12), and a plurality of conductor shielding layers (212) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the plurality of power conductors (211).

5. A multi-core optical fiber composite cable for submarine applications according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulating component (22) includes a main insulating layer (221) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conductor shielding layer (212), and a metal sheath (222) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main insulating layer (221).

6. A multi-core optical fiber composite cable for submarine applications according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective component (31) includes an armor layer (311) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the metal sheath (222), and a fiber cloth (312) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the armor layer (311). The fiber cloth contains polyester fibers.

7. A multi-core optical fiber composite cable for submarine applications according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blocking component (32) includes a plurality of material holes (321) opened on the inner wall of the fiber cloth (312), and an outer sheath (322) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fiber cloth (312).

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