Distributed hydrogen energy power station with heat-electricity-water triple co-generation function

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed hydrogen energy power station with a thermoelectric water triple co-generation function, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy application devices and comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, an anode of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with a hydrogen system, and a cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with an air system. And the hydrogen fuel cell is also connected with a byproduct water tail emission recovery system, a heat supply system and a power supply system. The energy conversion efficiency of the generator set is higher than that of a traditional fuel (gas) generator set, and the generator set can be connected with a fuel generator, an industrial power grid and the like; single equipment is high in rated power and can replace the traditional MW-level fuel oil (gas) generator set for a drilling site one by one; the external heat exchange interface can provide a heat source for production and life; and a supporting power supply is matched, so that cold start and power dynamic support can be realized, the influence of frequent and abrupt load increase on the fuel cell system is avoided, and the water supply, heat supply and power supply three-in-one characteristic is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy application devices, specifically relating to a distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions. Background Technology

[0002] A distributed hydrogen power station is a facility that uses hydrogen energy to generate electricity; it is part of a distributed energy system. These stations are typically located close to users or electricity consumption sites and are characterized by high efficiency, cleanliness, and flexibility. Distributed hydrogen power stations primarily convert hydrogen energy into electrical energy through hydrogen fuel cells, offering advantages such as high efficiency, low noise, small size, and clean, environmentally friendly emissions.

[0003] In oil and gas exploration and development, as well as major road and bridge projects, several MW-level generator sets are typically used as power sources. These systems suffer from low energy efficiency, high noise levels, and severe pollution, failing to meet the operational needs of special areas such as nature reserves and residential areas. Furthermore, oil and gas exploration and development sites, and major road and bridge projects, are mostly far from cities and villages, making water supply inconvenient and costly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a distributed hydrogen energy power station that integrates water supply, heating, and power generation to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions, featuring integrated water supply, heating and power supply.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions, including a hydrogen fuel cell. The anode of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to a hydrogen system, the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to an air system, and the hydrogen fuel cell is also connected to a by-product water tail discharge recovery system, a heating system and a power supply system.

[0006] The invention is further characterized by: The air system includes an air duct connected to the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the air inlet of the air duct is equipped with an air filter.

[0007] The hydrogen system includes a hydrogen pressure reducing device, one end of which is connected to an external hydrogen source, and the other end of which is connected to the anode of a hydrogen fuel cell via a hydrogen pipeline.

[0008] The power supply system includes a DC-DC cabinet, a PCS cabinet, and a transformer that are connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell. The transformer is connected to the user's electrical equipment.

[0009] The user's electrical equipment is connected to a generator.

[0010] The heating system includes a heat exchanger, a water tank, and radiators connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell, forming a closed loop with the heat exchanger, water tank, and radiators.

[0011] The by-product wastewater recovery system includes a one-way valve a and a gas-liquid separator a connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell. Gas-liquid separator a is connected to gas-liquid separator b and a wastewater tank. Gas-liquid separator b is connected to the outside. A water pump is installed in the wastewater tank and connected to a user-designated water storage tank.

[0012] The hydrogen fuel cell is sequentially connected to a one-way valve b, a water mist nozzle, and a main / auxiliary heat exchanger fan system, which is connected to the outside world.

[0013] The main / auxiliary heat exchanger fan system includes a main heat exchange fan and an auxiliary heat exchange fan installed on top of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0014] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to a main water tank and an auxiliary water tank, both of which are connected to the outside environment.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention relates to a distributed hydrogen power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions. Its energy conversion efficiency is higher than that of traditional fuel (gas) generator sets, and it can operate in parallel with fuel generators and industrial power grids. Each unit has a large rated power, capable of replacing traditional MW-level fuel (gas) generator sets used at drilling sites. It features an external heat exchange interface to provide heat for production and daily life. Equipped with a supporting power supply, it enables cold starts and dynamic power support, avoiding the impact of frequent and sudden load increases on the fuel cell system. It boasts a long service life and high integration, fully integrating main and auxiliary equipment such as a full-power cooling system, a high-efficiency exhaust recovery system, and inverter isolation. It can provide external heating, power, and water services without the need for additional equipment. This invention features high integration, strong operability, ample maintenance space, and wide application scenarios. This distributed hydrogen power station is zero-carbon and zero-pollution, can be relocated as a whole, and can completely replace traditional generator sets. While ensuring power supply, it can also provide heating and water services to factory sites. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake structure of the hydrogen fuel cell in the distributed hydrogen power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the by-product water tailwater recovery system in the distributed hydrogen power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation system in the distributed hydrogen power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heating system in the distributed hydrogen power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an assembly diagram of the distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions according to the present invention. Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Top view.

[0017] In the diagram, 1. Hydrogen fuel cell, 2. Hydrogen pressure reducing device, 3. Air filter, 4. Hydrogen long-tube trailer, 5. DC-DC cabinet, 6. PCS cabinet, 7. Transformer, 8. Generator, 9. User electrical equipment, 10. One-way valve a, 11. Gas-liquid separator a, 12. Tail drain tank, 13. Water pump, 14. User-designated water storage tank, 15. Gas-liquid separator b, 16. External environment, 17. Heat exchanger, 18. Water tank, 19. Radiator, 20. Main radiator water tank, 21. Auxiliary radiator water tank, 22. One-way valve b, 23. Water mist nozzle, 24. Main / auxiliary radiator heat exchanger fan system, 25. Tail drain valve, 26. Air system, 27. Hydrogen system, 28. Byproduct water tail drain recovery system, 29. Heat dissipation system, 30. Heating system. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1-2 As shown in Figures 7-8, the distributed hydrogen power station with combined heat, power and water supply functions disclosed in this invention includes a hydrogen fuel cell 1. The anode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is connected to a hydrogen system 27, and the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is connected to an air system 26. The hydrogen fuel cell 1 is also connected to a by-product water tail discharge recovery system 28, a heating system 30 and a power supply system. The air system 26 includes an air duct connected to the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1, and the air inlet of the air duct is equipped with an air filter 3.

[0020] The hydrogen system 27 includes a hydrogen pressure reducing device 2, one end of which is connected to an external hydrogen source, and the other end of which is connected to the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 through a hydrogen pipeline.

[0021] After being transported by an external hydrogen source (hydrogen tube trailer 4), the hydrogen is connected to the hydrogen pressure reducing device 2. The hydrogen pressure reducing device 2 reduces the pressure of the 20MPa hydrogen to 1.5MPa, and then continuously supplies the hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell 1 to generate electricity.

[0022] The hydrogen fuel cell is housed in the right-side compartment of the building, with three groups on each side, two cells per group, totaling twelve cells. It is separated from the main structure by a 500mm wide maintenance aisle on both sides. The usable space is 7.9m (L) × 3m (W) × 2.1m (H). Its working principle is primarily based on the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the anode and cathode of the power generation unit, respectively. At the anode, hydrogen reacts with the electrolyte, releasing electrons. These electrons move through an external circuit, generating an electric current. Simultaneously, hydrogen atoms lose electrons in the reaction, becoming hydrogen ions (protons). Electrons flow through the external circuit, driving the electrical components. At the cathode, oxygen and hydrogen ions combine under the action of a catalyst to form water (H₂O), completing the chemical reaction. This process directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, and the product is water, achieving zero pollution and zero emissions; Air system 26 is the source of oxygen in the reverse reaction of water electrolysis, including 12 sets of air system 26 pipes corresponding to 12 fuel cells, with 6 sets on each side installed between the hydrogen fuel cells and the passageway; Hydrogen system 27 is the main source of hydrogen in the reverse reaction of water electrolysis, with hydrogen being transported to hydrogen fuel cell 1 for reaction and power generation through a DN40 main pipe and 12 branch pipes; By-product water tail discharge recovery system 28, with 6 sets of recovery water tanks installed on the bottom inner side of the right side of the building, and gas-water separators installed on the two water pipes on the outer right side of the building; Cooling system 29, installed on the top right side of the building, consists of 36 sets of axial flow fans and heat exchangers.

[0023] Example 2 Based on Example 1, the power supply system includes a hydrogen fuel cell 1 connected in sequence to a DC-DC cabinet 5, a PCS cabinet 6, and a transformer 7, with the transformer 7 being electrically connected to user electrical equipment 9.

[0024] The direct current (DC) generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is collected by the DC-DC converter 5 and then fed into the PCS converter 6. Part of the DC power is stepped down and supplied to the cooling fan, water pump, and check valve; the other part is converted by the transformer 7 and supplied to the user's electrical equipment 9. This allows for rapid improvement of the power station's power supply capacity during periods of heavy user load, preventing frequent loading of the fuel cell system and contributing to its extended lifespan. In practical applications, when the hydrogen fuel cell 1 reacts, it generates mobile electrons that form an electric current. This current is converted into DC power by the DC-DC converter 5 and supplied to the equipment used by the power station. The remaining DC power is inverted into AC power by the PCS converter 6, and then the voltage is converted to 400V / 600V by the transformer 7 before being supplied to the user's electrical equipment 9. During this process, a generator 8 can be connected in parallel to the power generation process, enabling switching between hydrogen energy power supply and diesel power supply, or completely replacing diesel generator power generation.

[0025] Furthermore, the user's electrical equipment 9 is connected to a generator 8, which is a diesel generator.

[0026] Example 3 Based on Example 1, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heating system 30 includes a heat exchanger 17, a water tank 18, and a radiator 19 connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell 1. The hydrogen fuel cell 1 forms a closed loop with the heat exchanger 17, the water tank 18, and the radiator 19.

[0027] The heating system 30 is one of the main functions of the distributed hydrogen power station. The hydrogen fuel cell 1 generates a large amount of heat during the reaction process. This embodiment includes 12 heat exchangers 17 for heat utilization by the power station. The inlet of the heat exchanger 17 is connected to the water tank 18 via a water pump, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 17 is connected to a radiator 19. The outlet of the radiator 19 is connected to the water tank 18 to form a closed loop, utilizing the heat generated during the power generation process of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 to provide heating for users, realizing the heating function in the combined hot water and electricity system. The heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is transferred to the water tank 18 and radiators 19 through the heat exchangers 17 to provide heating services to users. In practical applications, the hydrogen fuel cell 1 generates a large amount of heat during the reaction. The distributed hydrogen power station is equipped with a heat exchanger 17 for each hydrogen fuel cell 1. The heat generated can be utilized and transferred through the heat exchangers 17. Users only need to connect the water tank 18 and radiators 19 in series to the inlet and outlet quick-connect fittings of the heat exchangers 17 to achieve radiator heating.

[0028] Example 4 Based on Example 1, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the by-product water tail discharge recovery system 28 includes a one-way valve a10 and a gas-liquid separator a11 connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell 1. The gas-liquid separator a11 is connected to a gas-liquid separator b15 and a tail discharge tank 12. The gas-liquid separator b15 is connected to the outside. A water pump 13 is installed in the tail discharge tank 12, and the water pump 13 is connected to a user-designated water storage tank 14. Poor by-product water treatment affects the overall performance of the power station and wastes resources. Existing by-product water recovery systems generally suffer from poor gas-liquid separation, and the inability to centrally recover and transport by-product water over long distances. It has also been found that the failure to discharge by-product water in a timely manner causes flooding of the hydrogen fuel cell tail discharge pipeline, increased back pressure, and affects the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell. In this embodiment, six sets of recovery water tanks are installed at the bottom inner side of the right side of the building, and the gas-liquid separators are installed on two water pipes on the outer right side of the building. The combination of the one-way valve and the gas-liquid separator significantly improves or solves the above technical problems in the by-product water recovery system of this power station. Specifically, the tailwater tank 12 is connected to the drain outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 via a drainage pipe. The tailwater tank 12 has an exhaust port, and the exhaust gas mainly consists of trace amounts of volatile water vapor. The tailwater generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is separated twice by gas-liquid separator a11 and gas-liquid separator b15, and then collected in the power station tailwater tank 12. It is then pumped to the user's designated water storage tank 14 by water pump 13.

[0029] In practical applications, when the hydrogen fuel cell 1 reacts, it produces byproduct water and water vapor. After passing through a one-way valve a10 and a gas-liquid separator a11, most of the byproduct water remains in the tail drain tank 12. When the water level reaches the upper limit, the tail drain valve 25 of the tail drain tank 12 is opened, and the byproduct water is transported to the user-designated water storage tank 14 via a water pump 13 and water pipes. A small portion of the water vapor with higher pressure travels along the water pipes to a gas-liquid separator b15 at a height of 4.2 meters for secondary separation. After secondary separation, a very small amount of water vapor drifts into the outside environment 16, while the rest returns to the tail drain tank 12, thus providing a water source for the user. This process solves the problems of poor gas-water separation in existing systems, the inability to centrally collect and transport byproduct water over long distances, and avoids the problem of water flooding and increased back pressure in the hydrogen fuel cell tail drain pipe due to untimely discharge of byproduct water, which affects the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0030] Example 5 Based on Example 1, such as Figure 5 As shown, the heat dissipation system 29 of the present invention includes a hydrogen fuel cell 1 connected in sequence to a one-way valve b22, a water mist nozzle 23, and a main / secondary heat exchanger fan system 24, which is connected to the outside. Furthermore, the main / secondary heat exchanger fan system 24 includes a main cooling fan and a secondary cooling fan disposed on top of the hydrogen fuel cell 1.

[0031] There are 32 main cooling fans, 4 auxiliary cooling fans, and 2 sets of water mist nozzles 23. Specifically, the main and auxiliary cooling fans are installed on the top right side of the enclosure, and the water mist nozzles 23 are installed at the bottom of the main and auxiliary cooling fans. When the water mist nozzles 23 are turned on, the main and auxiliary cooling fans rotate to remove more heat. If the temperature of the power station cannot be controlled within the set range even with all the main cooling fans turned on, the auxiliary cooling fans will turn on to assist the main cooling fans in cooling the power station. Every 3 hours of continuous operation, the one-way valve b22 opens, spraying water produced by the hydrogen fuel cell 1 through the water mist nozzles 23 onto the main and auxiliary cooling fans to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 inside the power station.

[0032] Example 6 Based on Example 1, the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is connected to a main water tank 20 and an auxiliary water tank 21, both of which are connected to the outside. When the hydrogen fuel cell 1 reacts, oxygen reacts with hydrogen to produce water. Other gases in the air that are not involved are collected and depressurized through the main water tank 20 and the auxiliary water tank 21, and finally discharged to the outside 16.

Claims

1. A distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell (1) is connected to a hydrogen system (27) at its anode and to an air system (26) at its cathode. The hydrogen fuel cell (1) is also connected to a by-product water tail discharge recovery system (28), a heating system (30) and a power supply system.

2. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air system (26) includes an air duct connected to the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell (1), and the air duct inlet is provided with an air filter (3).

3. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen system (27) includes a hydrogen pressure reducing device (2), one end of which is connected to an external hydrogen source, and the other end of which is connected to the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell (1) through a hydrogen pipeline.

4. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply system includes a DC-DC cabinet (5), a PCS cabinet (6), and a transformer (7) that are connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell (1). The transformer (7) is electrically connected to user electrical equipment (9).

5. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The user's electrical equipment (9) is connected to a generator (8).

6. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating system (30) includes a heat exchanger (17), a water tank (18), and a radiator (19) connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell (1). The hydrogen fuel cell (1) forms a closed loop with the heat exchanger (17), the water tank (18), and the radiator (19).

7. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The by-product water tail discharge recovery system (28) includes a one-way valve a (10) and a gas-liquid separator a (11) connected in sequence to the hydrogen fuel cell (1). The gas-liquid separator a (11) is connected to a gas-liquid separator b (15) and a tail discharge tank (12). The gas-liquid separator b (15) is connected to the outside. A water pump (13) is installed in the tail discharge tank (12). The water pump (13) is connected to a user-designated water storage tank (14).

8. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell (1) is sequentially connected to a one-way valve b (22), a water mist nozzle (23), and a main / secondary heat exchanger fan system (24), which is connected to the outside world.

9. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The main / secondary heat exchanger fan system (24) includes a main heat exchange fan and a secondary heat exchange fan installed on top of the hydrogen fuel cell (1).

10. The distributed hydrogen energy power station with combined heat, power, and water supply functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell (1) is connected to a main water tank (20) and a secondary water tank (21), both of which are connected to the outside world.

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