Automatic dadoing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic dadoing machine which comprises a machine body, a workbench arranged on the machine body and a gantry cross beam erected above the workbench and capable of sliding along the Y axis, a tool rest and tool bit device capable of sliding along the X axis and ascending and descending along the Z axis is arranged on the gantry cross beam, and a tool rest assembly capable of rotating and being rapidly disassembled and assembled is installed at the bottom of the tool rest and tool bit device. A tool changing table mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the workbench, the tool changing table mechanism is used for storing and automatically changing the tool rest assembly, quick tool changing is achieved on the tool rest assembly through a quick changing disc, automatic tool changing is achieved in cooperation with a tool changing table, the recessing machine further adopts an air blowing and cleaning device, and the tool changing speed and the machining quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing technology, and in particular to an automatic grooving machine. Background Technology

[0002] Grooving machines are widely used in the sheet metal processing industry, mainly for cutting V-shaped grooves on metal sheets. The cutter head device is the cutting execution component of the grooving machine. Existing grooving machines have the following technical problems: (1) Insufficient automation: Most existing grooving machines use manual tool changing, which requires the machine to be completely stopped for tool replacement. The tool changing efficiency is low, and manual tool changing may have problems such as inconsistent and unstable installation accuracy, which in turn affects the accuracy and quality of plate processing. At the same time, existing grooving machines lack linkage control in auxiliary links such as material pressing, tool changing, and chip removal, and cannot form a true full-process automated closed loop. (2) Lack of automated cleaning and chip removal structure: A large amount of metal chips and heat are generated during high-speed planing. Due to the lack of automatic, follow-up or integrated air blowing and cleaning structure, chips are very easy to accumulate on the surface of the sheet or fall under the pressure device, creating a cleaning blind spot. This will cause the chips to be forcibly embedded in the surface of the sheet when the pressure head is pressed down, affecting product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the shortcomings of existing grooving machines, such as insufficient automation, the need for manual tool changing and chip removal, and low efficiency, the applicant provides an automatically grooving machine with a reasonable structure. The machine uses a quick-change disc on the tool holder assembly to achieve rapid tool changing, and works with a tool changer to achieve automatic tool changing. The grooving machine also uses an air blowing and cleaning device, which significantly improves the tool changing speed and processing quality.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention and its beneficial effects are as follows: An automatic grooving machine includes a machine body, a worktable mounted on the machine body, and a gantry beam mounted above the worktable and slidable along the Y-axis. A tool holder and cutter head device that can slide along the X-axis and rise and fall along the Z-axis is mounted on the gantry beam. A rotatable and quickly detachable tool holder assembly is mounted at the bottom of the tool holder and cutter head device. A tool changing platform mechanism is provided at the rear end of the worktable for storing and automatically changing the tool holder assembly.

[0005] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The automatic grooving machine is also equipped with a cleaning system, including a cleaning component located at the bottom of the gantry beam, and / or a first air blowing component located on the cutter head device, and / or a second air blowing component located on the side pressing device.

[0006] The cleaning components include a cleaning lifting mechanism and a brush. The brush is mounted on the bottom of the gantry beam in a height-adjustable manner via the cleaning lifting mechanism. The air outlet of the second air blowing component on one side of the side pressing device faces downwards from the pressing head and the worktable. The bottom of the cutter head device is equipped with a first air blowing component, the air outlet of which faces the cutting position of the cutter head and the worktable.

[0007] The tool holder and tool head device includes a first lifting component mounted on the gantry beam via a back plate. The first lifting component drives the slider to move up and down along the Z-axis. The first lifting component includes a lifting motor, a ball screw, and a ball screw nut. The ball screw nut is connected to the slider. The back plate is also provided with an upper limit block, a lower limit block, and a side limit block that cooperate to limit the slider trajectory.

[0008] The tool holder and tool head assembly also includes a rotating component mounted on a slider. Its rotating motor drives a rotating spindle to rotate within a support frame. The bottom of the rotating spindle is connected to the tool holder assembly via a tool head flange and a quick-change disc.

[0009] The tool holder and tool head assembly also includes a lifting and floating component, which includes a lifting cylinder, a clutch plate, and a meshing indexing gear. The clutch plate is vertically mounted on the rotating spindle. The meshing indexing gear is divided into an upper half and a lower half. The upper half is fixed to the bottom of the clutch plate, and the lower half is fixed to the rotating spindle. The lifting cylinder drives the clutch plate to rise and fall through a lifting rod, thereby realizing the separation or re-engagement and locking of the meshing indexing gear.

[0010] The side-pressing device includes a side-pressing bracket, a side-pressing cylinder vertically installed in the side-pressing bracket, and a press head connected to the side-pressing cylinder via a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes a first connecting rod connected to the side-pressing cylinder and the press head, and a second connecting rod with its two ends hinged to the press head and the side-pressing bracket platform, respectively. The middle part of the first connecting rod is hinged to the side-pressing bracket, and its front end is provided with a racetrack hole and connected to the press head via a pin. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod cooperate to restrict the flipping of the press head, so that the bottom surface of the press head remains horizontally raised and lowered.

[0011] The tool changing table mechanism includes a base plate, several tool changing tables mounted thereon, a second lifting assembly that drives the tool changing tables to rise and fall, and a tilting assembly located on one side of the tool changing table; the top of the tilting assembly is connected to a cover plate, which can be tilted to cover or expose the tool changing table.

[0012] The second lifting assembly includes several second guide sleeves mounted on the base plate, a guide shaft passing through the second guide sleeves and connected to the tool changer, and a lifting cylinder.

[0013] The flipping assembly includes a rotating arm, a flipping shaft disposed between the rotating arms, a third gear sleeved on the flipping shaft, and a rack box below it; the rack box is provided with a guide rack and a rack cylinder that drives its movement. The guide rack meshes with the third gear sleeved on the flipping shaft, driving the flipping shaft to flip the rotating arm and the cover plate.

[0014] The automatic grooving machine of this invention boasts a high degree of automation, significantly improving tool changing efficiency and precision. By configuring a tool changing table mechanism and a tool holder assembly with a quick-change disc, it eliminates the traditional manual tool changing method. The tool changing table mechanism, in conjunction with the movement of the gantry beam, enables automatic docking and exchange of old and new tool holder assemblies without requiring machine downtime for screw removal, greatly shortening tool changing time and improving production efficiency. Simultaneously, automatic tool changing avoids positioning errors caused by manual installation, ensuring repeatability and machining quality.

[0015] The automatic grooving machine of this invention is equipped with a comprehensive air blowing and cleaning device to ensure the cleanliness of the workbench or plate surface and avoid metal shavings residue affecting processing quality. Specifically, a first air blowing component is set at the cutter head to blow air in a timely manner, carrying cutting heat and chips away from the cutting point, extending tool life and preventing secondary scratches from chips; a second air blowing component is set at the side pressure device to blow away chips under the pressure head, preventing chips from embedding into the plate surface when the pressure head is pressed down; at the same time, a full workbench cleaning is set up, and the brush at the bottom of the gantry beam works in conjunction with the air blowing direction to concentrate and sweep the chips to the top of the tool changing table and discharge them, avoiding the existence of cleaning blind spots.

[0016] The invention features a compact structure and high space utilization. The tool changer mechanism is cleverly located at the tail end of the worktable. When not in use, it is covered by a cover plate and flush with the worktable, without occupying extra space and facilitating chip removal. The cylinder of the side pressing device is vertically built into the support, making it compact and reducing interference with the processing space. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the gantry beam.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder and tool head assembly.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first lifting assembly, the back plate, and the first air blowing assembly.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the rotating assembly and the lifting cylinder.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the side-pressing device from one perspective.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side-pressing device from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a front view of the side-pressing device.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a right view of the side-pressing device.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the linkage mechanism, side pressure support, and pressure head.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the tool changer mechanism.

[0028] Figure 12 This is the front view of the tool changer mechanism.

[0029] Figure 13 This is the left view of the tool changer mechanism.

[0030] Figure 14 The front view of the tool changer mechanism after removing the rack and pinion box.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Gantry beam; 21. Cleaning components; 211. Cleaning lifting mechanism; 212. Brush; 3. Workbench; 4. Tool holder and cutter head assembly; 41. Back plate; 42. First lifting assembly; 421. Lifting motor; 422. First gear; 423. Ball screw; 424. Ball screw nut; 425. Slider; 43. Upper limit block; 44. Lower limit block; 45. Side limit block; 46. Rotating assembly; 461. Rotating motor; 462. Support frame; 4621. First support plate; 4622. Second support plate; 4623. Third support plate; 463. Second gear; 464. 465. Rotary spindle; 466. Bearing end cover; 467. Cutter head flange; 478. Lifting floating assembly; 479. Lifting cylinder; 470. Floating joint; 471. Lifting rod; 472. Guide rod; 473. First guide sleeve; 474. Clutch plate; 475. Zero-point tie rod bushing; 476. Zero-point tie rod; 477. Meshing indexing gear plate; 48. Cutter post assembly; 490. Cutter head; 401. Quick change disc; 492. First air blowing assembly; 493. Base; 494. Nozzle; 5. Side pressing device; 51. Side pressing cylinder; 511. Cylinder connector; 512. Cylinder push rod; 52. Side pressing bracket; 521. Mounting hole; 522. Bracket column; 53. First connecting rod; 531. Track hole; 54. Press head; 55. Second connecting rod; 56. Pin; 57. Stud; 58. Second air blowing assembly; 59. Baffle plate; 6. Tool changing table mechanism; 61. Tool changing table; 62. Base plate; 63. Second lifting assembly; 631. Second guide sleeve; 632. Guide shaft; 633. Lifting cylinder; 64. Tilting assembly; 641. Rotary arm; 642. Rack box; 643. Third gear; 644. Guide rail rack; 645. Guide rail roller; 646. Roller shaft; 647. Tilting shaft; 648. Mounting plate; 649. Rack cylinder; 65. Cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention provides an automatic grooving machine, which has a worktable 3 on its body 1 and a gantry beam 2 mounted above the worktable 3 and slidable along the Y-axis. The bottom of the gantry beam 2 has a cleaning component 21, whose brush 212 is slidably mounted at the bottom of the gantry beam 2 via a cleaning lifting mechanism 211. A tool holder and cutter head device 4 is mounted on the gantry beam 2, which can slide along the X-axis and rise and fall along the Z-axis, and the tool holder assembly 48 of the tool holder and cutter head device 4 is rotatable. Several side pressing devices 5 are evenly arranged along the Y-axis on one or both sides of the worktable 3. A tool changing table mechanism 6 is set at the tail end of the worktable 3 (i.e., the end of the gantry beam 2's travel along the Y-axis). When closed, the cover plate 65 of the tool changing table mechanism 6 is basically flush with the worktable 3.

[0034] like Figures 3-5 As shown, the tool holder and tool head device 4 is slidably mounted on the gantry beam 2 along the X-axis via the back plate 41. The first lifting assembly 42 has a lifting motor 421 vertically mounted on the top of the back plate 41, whose output shaft is connected to a ball screw 423 vertically arranged in front of the back plate 41. In this embodiment, the bottom of the output shaft of the lifting motor 421 and the top of the ball screw 423 are connected by two meshing first gears 422. The bottom of the ball screw 423 is connected to the slider 425. The upper limit block 43 and the lower limit block 44 are arranged along the vertical stroke of the slider 425. Side limit blocks 45 are fixed on the back plate 41 and on both sides of the slider 425. In this embodiment, the slider 425 has V-shaped protrusions on both sides, and the side limit blocks 45 have corresponding V-shaped grooves. The upper limit block 43, the lower limit block 44, and the side limit blocks 45 cooperate to limit the movement trajectory of the slider 425. The ball screw 423 passes through the bearing of the upper limit block 43, and the ball nut 424 is sleeved on the ball screw 423 between the upper limit block 43 and the slider 425, and the ball nut 424 is fixed to the top of the slider 425. The lifting motor 421 drives the ball screw 423 to rotate, and the ball nut 424 drives the slider 425 to rise and fall, realizing the lifting and lowering action of the cutter head 481 along the Z-axis and precisely controlling the grooving depth.

[0035] The rotating assembly 46 of the tool holder and tool head device 4 is mounted on the slider 425 and moves up and down along the Z-axis. The rotating assembly 46 has a support frame 462 that encloses a box-like frame, which includes a first support plate 4621, a second support plate 4622, and a third support plate 4623 arranged parallel to the Z-axis. A rotary motor 461 is mounted on the first support plate 4621. The rotary motor 461 drives a rotating spindle 464 that is vertically inserted into the support frame 462 to rotate. In this embodiment, the bottom of the output shaft of the rotary motor 461 and the top of the rotating spindle 464 are connected by two meshing second gears 463. The rotating spindle 464 vertically passes through bearing end caps 465 provided at the top of the second support plate 4622 and the bottom of the third support plate 4623. The bearing end caps 465 not only support the rotating spindle 464 but also ensure the concentricity of the rotating spindle 464 during rotation. The bottom of the rotating spindle 464 is connected to the cutter head flange 466, which is located below the bearing end cover 465 at the bottom of the third support plate 4623.

[0036] A lifting and floating assembly 47 is installed on the rotating component 46 of the tool holder and tool head device 4. This assembly is used to drive the rotating component 46 to rise slightly or return to its original position. The lifting cylinder 471 of the lifting and floating assembly 47 is mounted on the first support plate 4621. The output end of the lifting cylinder 471 is connected to the lifting rod 473 via a floating joint 472. Guide rods 474 are connected to both sides of the lifting rod 473, which vertically passes through the first guide sleeves 475 fixed on both sides of the first support plate 4621. The other end of the guide rod 474 is connected to a clutch plate 476 horizontally positioned between the second support plate 4622 and the third support plate 4623. The rotating spindle 464 passes through the clutch plate 476. The bottom of the clutch plate 476 is connected to the third support plate 4623 via several guide rods 474. There are also several cooperating zero-point pull pin bushings 477 and zero-point pull pins 478 between the clutch plate 476 and the third support plate 4623. The two are used for positioning and quick locking. When the clutch plate 476 is lowered and locked, the zero-point pull pins 478 are inserted into the zero-point pull pin bushings 477 to form a zero-clearance fit, ensuring that the position of the clutch plate 476 is relatively accurate each time it is reset, and also preventing the clutch plate 476 from rotating circumferentially. A meshing indexing gear 479 is provided between the clutch plate 476 and the third support plate 4623. The upper half of the gear 479 is fixed to the clutch plate 476 and the lower half is fixed to the rotating spindle 464. Thus, the upper half does not rotate with the rotating spindle 464, while the lower half rotates synchronously with the rotating spindle 464. The lifting floating component 47 drives the upper and lower parts of the positioning meshing indexing gear 479 to separate (disengage from the locked state) or reset (lock), which can achieve precise steering at any angle. After the steering is completed, the tooth surfaces of the upper and lower meshing indexing gear 479 re-mesh under the action of axial pressure, thereby locking the rotating spindle 464 in the circumferential direction and ensuring that the tool holder and tool head device 4 will not be displaced when subjected to huge planing forces.

[0037] The tool holder assembly 48 is installed at the bottom of the tool head flange 466 of the tool holder assembly 4. It has a quick-change disc 482 with upper and lower detachable parts and a tool head 481 connected to the lower part of the quick-change disc 482. When the tool head 481 needs to be replaced, the old tool head 481 can be quickly removed and replaced with a new tool head 481 by the loosening mechanism of the upper and lower parts of the quick-change disc 482 without removing the screws, making the replacement quick.

[0038] At the bottom of the tool holder and cutter head device 4, on one side of the tool holder assembly 48, a first air blowing assembly 49 is provided to solve the problems of chip removal and heat dissipation during the planing process. The first air blowing assembly 49 is fixed to the bottom of the back plate 41 by the base 491. The air outlet of the nozzle 492 installed on it faces the cutter head 481 of the tool holder assembly 48 and the worktable 3 in front of the gantry beam 2. During the processing, air can be blown while planing, and the high-pressure airflow can blow the chips away from the surface of the board to prevent the chips from scratching the board again. At the same time, the airflow carries away the cutting heat, reduces the temperature of the cutter head 481, and extends the service life of the cutter head 481.

[0039] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the side pressure bracket 52 of the side pressure device 5 has several mounting holes 521 on its vertical surface, which are used to fix the entire device to the side of the workbench 3 of the grooving machine.

[0040] A side-pressure cylinder 51 is vertically installed in the cavity below the side-pressure support 52, making full use of space and resulting in a compact overall device that does not occupy additional space. The piston rod end of the side-pressure cylinder 51 is connected to a cylinder push rod 512 and a cylinder connector 511. The cylinder connector 511 passes upward through the platform of the side-pressure support 52 and drives the pressure head 54 to move up and down in the vertical direction through a linkage mechanism. The rear end of the first linkage 53 of the linkage mechanism is hinged to the cylinder connector 511 via a pin 56, the middle part is rotatably mounted on the support column 522 of the side-pressure support 52 via a stud 57, and the front end is hinged to the pressure head 54 via a pin 56.

[0041] To accommodate the arc-shaped trajectory of the first connecting rod 53 during its swing, a raceway hole 531 is provided at the front end of the first connecting rod 53 (on the side near the pressure head 54). When the piston rod of the side pressure cylinder 51 rises and falls and drives the first connecting rod 53 to rotate, the pin 56 at the front end of the first connecting rod 53 slides in the raceway hole 531, making the horizontal stroke of the pressure head 54 longer. When the pressure head 54 applies side pressure to the worktable 3, it can press a larger area of ​​the plate inward, preventing the plate from shifting during processing and also preventing the edge of the worktable 3 from being crushed or collapsed due to prolonged work.

[0042] To ensure that the pressure head 54 is always in surface contact with the worktable 3 or the plate, the bottom surface of the pressure head 54 is set to be horizontal. The pressure head 54 is hinged to the table surface of the side pressure bracket 52 through several second connecting rods 55. The second connecting rods 55 are connected to the pressure head 54 and the table surface of the side pressure bracket 52 through studs 57. In this embodiment, there are three second connecting rods 55, located at the front and rear sides of the two sides of the pressure head 54 respectively. The second connecting rods 55 and the first connecting rods 53 work together to form a connecting rod structure, which restricts the degree of freedom of the pressure head 54 to rotate, so that the bottom surface of the pressure head 54 always remains absolutely horizontal when it contacts the worktable 3 or the plate, forming surface contact, and avoiding the pressure head 54 tilting down to form point contact or line contact, thereby damaging the worktable 3 or the plate.

[0043] A second air blowing assembly 58 is installed on the support column 522 on one side of the pressure head 54. Its air outlet faces the pressure head 54 and the worktable 3, so as to blow the metal debris under the pressure head 54 to the middle of the worktable 3 in time, and avoid leaving debris when the pressure head 54 presses down and damaging the plate. A baffle 59 is provided on the support column 522 on the other side of the pressure head 54, which plays a role in lateral positioning of the plate.

[0044] like Figures 11-14 As shown, the tool changer mechanism 6 is installed at the rear end of the worktable 3, with a compact structure that does not occupy additional space. The tool changer mechanism 6 has two tool changers 61 arranged symmetrically on the left and right, a second lifting component 63 located at the bottom of the two, a tilting component 64 located in the middle of the two, and a cover plate 65 connected to the top of the tilting component 64. A new tool holder assembly 48 is placed on one of the tool changers 61. The top of the tool holder assembly 48 is connected to the lower half of the quick-change disc 482, which is used to connect with the upper half of the quick-change disc 482 at the bottom of the tool holder head device 4, so as to realize the rapid switching of the tool holder assembly 48 and ensure the repeatability of positioning accuracy after tool change. The other empty tool changer 61 is used to retrieve the old tool holder assembly 48.

[0045] The flipping component 64 is installed at the central opening of the base plate 62 via the mounting plate 648. Second lifting components 63 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central opening of the base plate 62 to ensure the stability and verticality of the tool changer 61 during lifting. Each second lifting component 63 includes several second guide sleeves 631 mounted on the base plate 62, a guide shaft 632 vertically passing through the second guide sleeves 631 and connected to the bottom of the tool changer 61, and a lifting cylinder 633 vertically mounted at the bottom of the tool changer 61. The lifting cylinder 633 drives the tool changer 61 to move up and down. In this embodiment, each tool changer 61 has four second guide sleeves 631 and four guide shafts 632 located at the four corners of the bottom of the tool changer 61, respectively. The lifting cylinder 633 is located at the center of the bottom of the tool changer 61. This multi-point guiding structure effectively resists lateral forces, ensuring the docking accuracy of the tool holder assembly 48 during exchange, preventing the tool changer 61 from shaking, and ensuring the verticality of the lifting process.

[0046] The tilting assembly 64 includes a rotating arm 641 and a rack box 642 located at its bottom. The rotating arm 641 is connected to a mounting plate 648 via a tilting shaft 647. A third gear 643 is sleeved in the center of the tilting shaft 647. The rack box 642 is located below the third gear 643. The rack box 642 contains a guide rack 644, a roller shaft 646 located below it, and a guide roller 645 sleeved in the center of the roller shaft 646. The roller shaft 646 is parallel to the tilting shaft 647 and perpendicular to the guide rack 644. The top tooth surface of the guide rack 644 meshes with the third gear 643, and the V-shaped opening at the bottom engages with the guide roller 645. One side of the guide rack 644 is connected to a rack cylinder 649. The drive rack 644 moves back and forth, with the guide roller 645 serving as a support point to ensure that the rack 644 does not deviate or tilt during its horizontal movement. This ensures precise meshing between the rack 644 and the third gear 643. The rack 644 drives the third gear 643 to rotate through the meshing action. The flip shaft 647 receives power from the third gear 643. When the flip shaft 647 rotates, it directly drives the rotating arms 641 on both sides to swing synchronously. The rotating arms 641 then drive the top cover 65 to open or close.

[0047] The following are the working steps and principles of each component: (a) Automatic grooving machine as a whole In the initial state, the cutter head device 4 is located at one end of the gantry beam 2. The operator places the plate on the workbench 3 and then clicks the start button on the control panel. All the side pressing devices 5 press down synchronously to clamp the plate. The cutter head device 4 descends along the Z-axis until the cutter head 481 reaches the predetermined grooving depth. Then, the cutter head device 4 moves along the X-axis to the other end of the gantry beam 2. During this process, the cutter head 481 performs horizontal grooving on the plate. Then, the gantry beam 2 moves along the Y-axis. At the same time, the first air blowing component 49 of the cutter head device 4 and the second air blowing component 58 of the side pressing device 5 blow the metal debris on the workbench 3 toward the center of the workbench 3. This facilitates the cleaning component 21 at the bottom of the gantry beam 2 to sweep the metal debris forward as it moves, until the metal debris is swept off the cover plate 65 of the tool changing mechanism 6 and falls to the ground. The metal debris remaining on the cover plate 65 can fall to the ground when the cover plate 65 is flipped outward.

[0048] (ii) Side pressing device 5 Before grooving, the side-pressure cylinder 51 is in its initial retracted state, the front end of the first connecting rod 53 is raised, and the pressure head 54 is at its highest stroke position. The operator pushes the sheet material to be processed into the worktable 3 until the side edge of the sheet material is flush with the outer edge of the baffle 59 of the support column 522, using the baffle 59 to achieve rapid and accurate positioning of the sheet material. Subsequently, the side-pressure cylinder 51 drives the piston rod to rise, thereby the cylinder joint 511 pushes the rear end of the first connecting rod 53 to rise. The first connecting rod 53 rotates around the stud 57 in its middle, driving the front end to press down. At this time, the raceway hole 531 at the front end of the first connecting rod 53 slides with the pin 56. The second connecting rod 55, which connects the pressure head 54 and the side-pressure support 52, ensures that the pressure head 54 remains horizontal during the pressing process. When the horizontal surface of the bottom of the pressure head 54 contacts the sheet material, it achieves complete surface contact with the sheet material surface, distributing the pressure evenly. During the pressing or processing, the second air blowing assembly 58 blows air onto the pressure head 54 to promptly remove metal chips and cool the surface of the pressure head 54, preventing chips from being pressed into the sheet metal, thereby significantly improving the surface finish of the sheet metal. After processing, the side pressure cylinder 51 resets, the pressure head 54 lifts, and one work cycle is completed.

[0049] (III) Tool holder and tool head assembly 4 The tool holder and cutter head device 4 drives the tool holder assembly 48 to rise and fall vertically via the first lifting component 42. Once the tool holder assembly 48 reaches a set position, it can be rotated at any angle via the lifting floating component 47 and the rotating component 46. Initially, the tool holder and cutter head device 4 is in the raised position. After the grooving machine is started, the lifting motor 421 drives the ball screw 423 to rotate, causing the slider 425 and the entire rotating component 46 to descend vertically until the cutter head 481 on the tool holder assembly 48 reaches the preset grooving depth. Subsequently, the grooving machine drives the tool holder device to move horizontally along the X-axis for linear planing. During this process, the first air blowing component 49 is simultaneously activated, and high-pressure airflow continuously blows towards the cutting edge of the cutter head 481 through the nozzle 492, blowing away the chips and reducing the temperature of the cutter head 481. When a turn is needed after planing in one direction, the tool post device pauses its movement, and the lifting floating component 47 then activates. The output end of the lifting cylinder 471 rises, driving the lifting rod 473 and the guide rod 474 connected to it to rise. This causes the clutch plate 476 at the bottom of the guide rod 474 to rise slightly, disengaging the upper half of the meshing indexing gear 479 fixed at the bottom of the clutch plate 476 from the lower half of the meshing indexing gear 479 fixed outside the rotating spindle 464, thus releasing the locking state. Immediately afterwards, the rotary motor 461 starts, driving the rotating spindle 464 to rotate at a set angle through the second gear 463. This causes the lower half of the meshing indexing gear 479, the cutter flange 466, and the cutter head 481 to complete a precise turn. After the turn is in place, the lifting cylinder 471 retracts and resets, and the upper and lower halves of the meshing indexing gear 479 re-engage and lock, ensuring that the cutter head 481 does not deflect when subjected to lateral forces during subsequent machining. Subsequently, the equipment continues planing in another direction. When it is necessary to replace the cutter head 481, the old tool holder assembly 48 can be automatically and quickly removed by using the loosening mechanism of the upper and lower halves of the quick-change disc 482 without stopping the machine for replacement, which greatly shortens the auxiliary time and ensures the high efficiency and continuity of processing. The operator can then replace the cutter head 481 on the old tool holder assembly 48 to achieve recycling.

[0050] (iv) Tool changing table mechanism 6 When the cover plate 65 is closed, the rotating arm 641 is vertically positioned, and the cover plate 65 spans across the two tool changers 61 on the left and right. By driving the rotating shaft 647 to rotate forward and backward, the cover plate 65 is controlled to perform the opening or closing action. When a tool change is needed, the cover plate 65 rotates outward (i.e., the side away from the grooving machine) until the tool changing table 61 is exposed. At this time, the cover plate 65 rotates to the front of the tool changing table 61. The tool changing table 61 rises along the guide shaft 632 under the drive of the lifting cylinder 633. The grooving machine head moves to the top of the empty tool changing table 61. The tool changing table 61 receives the old tool holder assembly 48 removed from the grooving machine head. Then the grooving machine head moves to the top of another tool changing table 61 and quickly locks the tool holder assembly 48 through the quick-change disc 482, thereby completing the automatic disassembly and installation of the tool holder assembly 48. After the tool change is completed, the cover plate 65 rotates inward and returns to the initial position. The cover plate 65 closes for protection, and the tool changing table 61 descends to reset, completing the entire tool change process.

[0051] The above description is an explanation of the invention and not a limitation thereof. The invention may be modified in any form without departing from its spirit.

Claims

1. An automatic grooving machine, comprising a machine body (1), a worktable (3) mounted on the machine body (1), and a gantry beam (2) mounted above the worktable (3) and slidable along the Y-axis, characterized in that: The gantry beam (2) is equipped with a tool holder head device (4) that can slide along the X-axis and rise and fall along the Z-axis. The bottom of the tool holder head device (4) is equipped with a rotatable and quick-disassembly tool holder assembly (48). The tail end of the worktable (3) is equipped with a tool changer mechanism (6), which is used to store and automatically replace the tool holder assembly (48).

2. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic grooving machine is also equipped with a cleaning system, including a cleaning component (21) at the bottom of the gantry beam (2), and / or a first air blowing component (49) on the cutter head device (4), and / or a second air blowing component (58) on the side pressing device (5).

3. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning component (21) includes a cleaning lifting mechanism (211) and a brush (212). The brush (212) is installed at the bottom of the gantry beam (2) via the cleaning lifting mechanism (211). The air outlet of the second air blowing component (58) on one side of the side pressing device (5) faces the pressure head (54) and the worktable (3). The bottom of the knife holder and cutter head device (4) is provided with a first air blowing component (49), the air outlet of its nozzle (492) faces the cutting position of the cutter head (481) and the worktable (3).

4. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder and tool head device (4) includes a first lifting assembly (42) mounted on the gantry beam (2) via a back plate (41). The first lifting assembly (42) drives the slider (425) to move up and down along the Z-axis. The first lifting assembly (42) includes a lifting motor (421), a ball screw (423), and a ball screw nut (424). The ball screw nut (424) is connected to the slider (425). The back plate (41) is also provided with an upper limit block (43), a lower limit block (44), and a side limit block (45) that cooperate to limit the trajectory of the slider (425).

5. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tool holder and tool head assembly (4) also includes a rotating assembly (46) mounted on a slider (425), whose rotating motor (461) drives a rotating spindle (464) to rotate within a support frame (462). The bottom of the rotating spindle (464) is connected to the tool holder assembly (48) via a tool head flange (466) and a quick-change disc (482).

6. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tool holder and tool head device (4) also includes a lifting and floating assembly (47), which includes a lifting cylinder (471), a clutch plate (476), and a meshing indexing gear (479). The clutch plate (476) is vertically mounted on the rotating spindle (464). The meshing indexing gear (479) is divided into an upper part and a lower part. The upper part is fixed to the bottom of the clutch plate (476), and the lower part is fixed to the rotating spindle (464). The lifting cylinder (471) drives the clutch plate (476) to rise and fall through the lifting rod (473), thereby realizing the separation or re-engagement and locking of the meshing indexing gear (479).

7. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side pressing device (5) includes a side pressing bracket (52), a side pressing cylinder (51) vertically installed in the side pressing bracket (52), and a pressing head (54) connected to the side pressing cylinder (51) through a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes a first connecting rod (53) connected to the side pressing cylinder (51) and the pressing head (54), and a second connecting rod (55) with its two ends respectively hinged to the pressing head (54) and the table surface of the side pressing bracket (52). The middle part of the first connecting rod (53) is hinged to the side pressing bracket (52), and its front end is provided with a raceway hole (531) and connected to the pressing head (54) through a pin (56). The first connecting rod (53) and the second connecting rod (55) cooperate to restrict the flipping of the pressing head (54) so ​​that the bottom surface of the pressing head (54) remains horizontal.

8. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool changing table mechanism (6) includes a base plate (62), a plurality of tool changing tables (61) arranged thereon, a second lifting component (63) for driving the tool changing table (61) to rise and fall, and a flipping component (64) located on one side of the tool changing table (61); a cover plate (65) is connected to the top of the flipping component (64), and the cover plate (65) can be flipped to cover or expose the tool changing table (61).

9. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second lifting assembly (63) includes a plurality of second guide sleeves (631) disposed on the base plate (62), a guide shaft (632) passing through the second guide sleeves (631) and connected to the tool changer (61), and a lifting cylinder (633).

10. The automatic grooving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flipping assembly (64) includes a rotating arm (641), a flipping shaft (647) disposed between the rotating arm (641), a third gear (643) sleeved on the flipping shaft (647), and a rack box (642) below it; the rack box (642) is provided with a guide rack (644) and a rack cylinder (649) for driving its movement. The guide rack (644) meshes with the third gear (643) sleeved on the flipping shaft (647), driving the flipping shaft (647) to drive the rotating arm (641) and the cover plate (65) to flip.

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