Manufacturing method of bionic blood vessel model and bionic blood vessel model

Abstract

The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a bionic blood vessel model and the bionic blood vessel model.The manufacturing method of the bionic blood vessel model comprises the steps that a three-dimensional computer model of a blood vessel lumen is constructed according to blood vessel image data; according to a three-dimensional computer model of a blood vessel lumen, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol material is adopted to manufacture a water-soluble inner core through a 3D printing technology; the water-soluble inner core is subjected to operation for N times or less, wherein N is larger than or equal to 1; the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core is evenly covered with a polyvinyl alcohol solution; the water-soluble inner core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution is subjected to at least one time of freeze thawing treatment, so that the polyvinyl alcohol solution is solidified into polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel; after N times of operation are completed, the water-soluble inner core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is soaked in ultrapure water so that the water-soluble inner core can be dissolved, and therefore the bionic blood vessel model with the good shape and mechanical property is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of medical simulation models, specifically to a method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model and the biomimetic blood vessel model itself. Background Technology

[0002] Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, biomimetic vascular models can be constructed to mimic the biological characteristics of blood vessels, enabling their application in medical research.

[0003] In related technologies, biomimetic blood vessel models can be constructed using 3D printing. However, the morphology and mechanical properties of biomimetic blood vessel models constructed in this way are poor, meaning they differ significantly from the morphology and mechanical properties of real blood vessels and arteries. This is not conducive to the medical research and application of biomimetic blood vessel models. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model and a biomimetic blood vessel model. The biomimetic blood vessel model manufactured by the method has good morphology and mechanical properties, so as to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model, comprising: constructing a three-dimensional computer model of a blood vessel lumen based on vascular imaging data; fabricating a water-soluble inner core using a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol material through 3D printing technology based on the three-dimensional computer model of the blood vessel lumen; performing up to N operations on the water-soluble inner core, where N is greater than or equal to 1: uniformly covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core with a polyvinyl alcohol solution; subjecting the water-soluble inner core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw treatment to solidify the polyvinyl alcohol solution into a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel; and immersing the water-soluble inner core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel in ultrapure water to dissolve the water-soluble inner core, thereby obtaining a biomimetic blood vessel model.

[0006] Optionally, uniformly covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core with a polyvinyl alcohol solution includes: coating the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core with the polyvinyl alcohol solution; and rotating the water-soluble inner core at a preset speed for a preset time, wherein the rotation axis of the water-soluble inner core is parallel to the length direction of the water-soluble inner core.

[0007] Optionally, the preset rotation speed is 20RPM-30RPM, and the preset duration is 20min-30min.

[0008] Optionally, the polyvinyl alcohol solution contains 10%-20% polyvinyl alcohol solute by mass percentage; and / or, the polyvinyl alcohol solution further contains polyvinyl alcohol fibers, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol fibers contain 1%-5% polyvinyl alcohol by mass percentage.

[0009] Optionally, the step of subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw treatment includes: placing the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution in a temperature-controlled environment for freeze-thaw treatment; wherein the freezing temperature of the freeze-thaw treatment is -22°C to -18°C; and the thawing temperature of the freeze-thaw treatment is 35°C to 40°C.

[0010] Optionally, the step of subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw treatment includes: placing the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution in a temperature-controlled environment for freeze-thaw treatment; wherein the freezing time of the freeze-thaw treatment is 7 to 9 hours; and the thawing time of the freeze-thaw treatment is 3 to 5 hours.

[0011] Optionally, the step of subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw treatment includes subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to 3 to 5 freeze-thaw treatments.

[0012] Optionally, after performing the at least one freeze-thaw treatment, the actual thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is determined; based on the difference between the actual thickness and the target blood vessel wall thickness, it is determined whether to perform the next operation, and if the next operation is performed, based on the difference between the actual thickness and the target blood vessel wall thickness, the amount of polyvinyl alcohol solution covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core is controlled.

[0013] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a biomimetic blood vessel model, which is manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method.

[0014] Optionally, the circumferential fracture strength of the biomimetic blood vessel model is 0.5MPa-8MPa, and the elongation at break of the biomimetic blood vessel model is 35%-200%.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, when manufacturing biomimetic blood vessels using the manufacturing method of this disclosure, since the polyvinyl alcohol solution can uniformly cover the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core and undergoes at least one freeze-thaw treatment, the polyvinyl alcohol solution on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core can form a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. After dissolving the water-soluble inner core, a biomimetic blood vessel model with a good morphology is formed. Furthermore, using polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel to form the biomimetic blood vessel model can ensure that the biomimetic blood vessel model has good mechanical properties. That is, the morphology and mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model manufactured using the manufacturing method of this disclosure are closer to the morphology and mechanical properties of real blood vessels and arteries, thereby facilitating the medical research and application of biomimetic blood vessel models.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model provided in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0019] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the relative positions of the corresponding components in the direction of gravity when they are in use, and "inner" and "outer" refer to their relative to the contours of the corresponding components themselves. Furthermore, in the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The above definitions are for explanation and illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0020] The manufacturing method of the biomimetic blood vessel model and the biomimetic blood vessel model in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect, this disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model, which may include steps S100 to S400.

[0022] In step S100, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen can be constructed based on vascular imaging data.

[0023] The vascular imaging data can be acquired through CTA (Computed Tomography Angiography) and / or MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography). The acquired vascular imaging data is exported as DICOM format, which is then imported into modeling software to construct a three-dimensional computer model.

[0024] In step S200, a water-soluble inner core can be fabricated using water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol material through 3D printing technology based on a three-dimensional computer model of the blood vessel lumen.

[0025] Because polyvinyl alcohol is water-soluble, the water-soluble core can be immersed in ultrapure water after the biomimetic blood vessel model is made, so that the water-soluble core can dissolve, thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency of the biomimetic blood vessel model.

[0026] In step S300, the water-soluble core can be subjected to the following operations N times, where N is greater than or equal to 1: uniformly covering the outer surface of the water-soluble core with a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw treatment to solidify the polyvinyl alcohol solution into a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel.

[0027] That is, step S300 specifically involves repeatedly performing the two steps included in the above operation N times. In one possible embodiment, the value of N can be a preset value. Thus, after each time the polyvinyl alcohol solution is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core, the water-soluble inner core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution is subjected to at least one freeze-thaw treatment. After at least one freeze-thaw treatment is completed, for example, it can be determined whether the current number of cycles has reached N. If the current number of cycles has not reached N, then the polyvinyl alcohol solution is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core again.

[0028] In step S400, after completing the above operation N times (i.e. the operation in step S300), the water-soluble inner core covered with polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve the water-soluble inner core, thereby obtaining a biomimetic blood vessel model.

[0029] Because the polyvinyl alcohol solution uniformly covers the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core, the wall thickness of the resulting biomimetic blood vessel model is also uniform. This avoids local weak points on the outer wall of the biomimetic blood vessel model. In addition, since the operation in step S300 can be repeated N times, a multilayer polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel can be formed on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core. This allows the wall thickness of the biomimetic blood vessel model to be adjusted, thereby improving the adaptability of the biomimetic blood vessel model while ensuring its good morphology. This makes the biomimetic blood vessel model more closely resemble the structure of real blood vessels. Furthermore, the biomimetic blood vessel model is formed by repeatedly freezing and thawing the polyvinyl alcohol solution. Under the action of freeze-thaw treatment, the arrangement and interaction of polyvinyl alcohol molecular chains can be changed through physical cross-linking, thereby significantly enhancing its mechanical properties.

[0030] Based on this, the biomimetic blood vessels manufactured by the present invention have mechanical properties that are closer to the morphology and mechanical properties of real blood vessels and arteries, thus facilitating the medical research and application of biomimetic blood vessel models.

[0031] Additionally, it should be noted that if the operation in step S300 needs to be performed N times and N is greater than 1, it is necessary to ensure that the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core in the previous operation has been cured to the point that the new polyvinyl alcohol solution can uniformly cover its outer surface.

[0032] For example, in order to facilitate the coating of the polyvinyl alcohol solution onto the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core and to prevent the dissolution of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, the polyvinyl alcohol solution disclosed herein may be selected from type 1799 polyvinyl alcohol, which has good water resistance and adhesion.

[0033] Among them, the aforementioned mechanical properties can refer to the fracture strength and elongation at break of the biomimetic blood vessel model. The stronger the mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model, the closer its fracture strength and elongation at break are to those of real blood vessels.

[0034] In embodiments of this disclosure, uniformly covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core with a polyvinyl alcohol solution may further include coating the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core with a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and causing the water-soluble inner core to rotate at a preset speed for a preset time, wherein the rotation axis of the water-soluble inner core is parallel to the length direction of the water-soluble inner core.

[0035] The uniformly rotating water-soluble core causes the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution on its surface to flow uniformly, thus evenly covering the surface of the core. During the uniform rotation of the core, the surface tension and centrifugal force of the PVA solution reach equilibrium, resulting in a uniform thickness of the PVA solution covering the core surface. Furthermore, this also ensures the uniform distribution of PVA molecular chains and the subsequent freeze-thaw-formed microcrystalline structure on the water-soluble core, thereby guaranteeing the mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model.

[0036] The preset rotation speed can be 20RPM-30RPM, and the preset duration can be 20min-30min.

[0037] Within this rotational speed range, the polyvinyl alcohol solution covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core can be uniformly coated on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core while preventing the solution from being thrown out, thus ensuring the stability and controllability of the process.

[0038] Within this time range, the polyvinyl alcohol solution can flow fully on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core, thereby reducing ripples and bubbles that were originally in the polyvinyl alcohol solution to a certain extent, ensuring the smoothness of the biomimetic blood vessel model. In addition, within this time range, the polyvinyl alcohol solution can also initially form a gel layer, which is convenient for subsequent freeze-thaw treatment.

[0039] In embodiments of this disclosure, the mass percentage concentration of polyvinyl alcohol solute in the polyvinyl alcohol solution can be 10%-20%.

[0040] Within this range, the mass percentage concentration of polyvinyl alcohol solute ensures that there are enough molecular chains in the polyvinyl alcohol solution to form a dense hydrogel, thereby guaranteeing the mechanical properties of the subsequently formed biomimetic blood vessel model. Furthermore, within this range, the mass percentage concentration of polyvinyl alcohol solute ensures that the polyvinyl alcohol solution has good fluidity, allowing it to uniformly cover the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core.

[0041] In addition, the polyvinyl alcohol solution may also contain polyvinyl alcohol fibers, with a mass percentage concentration of 1%-5%. Polyvinyl alcohol fibers can effectively bear loads, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model formed by the polyvinyl alcohol solution.

[0042] Therefore, when the mass percentage concentration of polyvinyl alcohol solute in the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 10%-20%, and the mass percentage concentration of polyvinyl alcohol fiber contained in the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1%-5%, the mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model can be improved as much as possible.

[0043] In some possible embodiments, the above-mentioned freezing and thawing treatment of the water-soluble core covered with polyvinyl alcohol solution at least once may further include: placing the water-soluble core covered with polyvinyl alcohol solution in a temperature-controlled environment for freezing and thawing treatment. The freezing temperature of the freeze-thaw treatment can be from -22°C to -18°C, and the thawing temperature of the freeze-thaw treatment can be from 35°C to 40°C.

[0044] The freezing time for freeze-thaw treatment can be 7 to 9 hours, and the thawing time can be 3 to 5 hours.

[0045] Freeze-thaw treatment within this temperature range and time period can ensure the mechanical properties and morphology of the formed polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, thereby making the morphology and mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model closer to those of real blood vessels and arteries.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the water-soluble core covered with polyvinyl alcohol solution can be subjected to freeze-thaw treatment 3 to 5 times, i.e., the value of N is 3 to 5. Multiple freeze-thaw treatments allow the number and density of microcrystalline structures to continuously increase, thereby forming a more stable cross-linked network, improving the mechanical properties of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and ensuring its morphology.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the N value in step S300 may be a non-preset value. Instead, after each freeze-thaw treatment, the actual thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is first determined, and then the difference between the actual thickness and the target blood vessel wall thickness is used to determine whether to perform the above operation again. If it is determined that the above operation needs to be performed again, the amount of polyvinyl alcohol solution covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core is controlled according to the difference between the actual thickness and the target blood vessel wall thickness.

[0048] In this way, the manufacturing method of this disclosure can be used to produce biomimetic blood vessel models with different wall thicknesses, thereby improving the applicability of the manufacturing method of this disclosure. Furthermore, by performing the above operations multiple times, the freeze-thaw process during each cycle can stably fuse the surface of the old layer of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel that has been formed with the new layer formed by the newly covered polyvinyl alcohol solution, forming a whole with good mechanical properties.

[0049] The actual thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel can be determined by measuring the edge thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. For example, a micrometer can be used to measure and determine the edge thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel.

[0050] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a biomimetic blood vessel model, which is manufactured using the above-described manufacturing method.

[0051] The radial fracture strength of the biomimetic blood vessel model is 0.5MPa-8MPa, and the elongation at break is 35%-200%.

[0052] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this disclosure, in order to facilitate the manufacture of biomimetic blood vessel models, this disclosure also relates to a clamping device for biomimetic blood vessel models, which may include a base, a clamping mechanism, and a material collection mechanism.

[0053] The clamping mechanism may include a lifting seat, a driving component, and a clamping component. The lifting seat is mounted on the base and its height can be adjusted as needed. The driving component, such as a motor, may be mounted on the lifting seat or on the base. When the driving component is mounted on the lifting seat, its output end may be connected to the clamping component, such as a gripper. When the driving component is mounted on the base, the driving component, such as a motor, may be connected to a rotating shaft mounted on the lifting seat via a belt. The clamping component, such as a gripper, may be mounted on the rotating shaft.

[0054] After the water-soluble core is made by 3D printing, the grippers can hold the water-soluble core. The collection mechanism, such as the collection box, can be set below the water-soluble core. In this way, after the polyvinyl alcohol solution is coated onto the outer surface of the water-soluble core, the drive component, such as the motor, can drive the grippers to rotate at a constant speed. This facilitates the uniform coverage of the polyvinyl alcohol solution on the outer surface of the water-soluble core. The collection part can be used to collect some of the polyvinyl alcohol solution that drips from the outer surface of the water-soluble core.

[0055] In subsequent freeze-thaw processes, the clamping device can be directly placed into the corresponding freezing or thawing equipment. Thus, the clamping device disclosed herein can not only make the polyvinyl alcohol solution uniformly cover the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core, but also facilitate subsequent freeze-thaw processes, thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency of the biomimetic blood vessel model.

[0056] The present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments, specifically comparing a biomimetic blood vessel model with a real aorta, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0057] Example 1 As shown in Table 1, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen was constructed based on vascular imaging data. Using this model, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core was fabricated using 3D printing technology. A PVA solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% PVA solute and 1% PVA fiber was uniformly coated on the outer surface of the core. The PVA-coated core underwent five freeze-thaw cycles to solidify the PVA solution into a PVA hydrogel. Subsequently, the PVA hydrogel-coated core was immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve, resulting in a biomimetic vascular model with a tensile strength of 0.69 MPa ± 0.14 MPa and a tensile elongation of 48.4% ± 10.2%.

[0058] Example 2 As shown in Table 1, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen was constructed based on vascular imaging data. Using this model, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core was fabricated using 3D printing technology. A PVA solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% PVA solute and 2% PVA fiber was uniformly coated on the outer surface of the core. The PVA-coated core underwent five freeze-thaw cycles to solidify the PVA solution into a PVA hydrogel. Subsequently, the PVA hydrogel-coated core was immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve, resulting in a biomimetic vascular model with a tensile strength of 1.73 MPa ± 0.18 MPa and a tensile elongation of 51.3% ± 7.3%.

[0059] Example 3 As shown in Table 1, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen was constructed based on vascular imaging data. Using this model, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core was fabricated using 3D printing technology. A PVA solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% PVA solute and 3% PVA fiber was uniformly coated on the outer surface of the core. The PVA-coated core underwent five freeze-thaw cycles to solidify the PVA solution into a PVA hydrogel. Subsequently, the PVA hydrogel-coated core was immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve, resulting in a biomimetic vascular model with a tensile strength of 2.90 MPa ± 0.17 MPa and a tensile elongation of 51.3% ± 5.8%.

[0060] Example 4 As shown in Table 1, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen was constructed based on vascular imaging data. Using this model, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core was fabricated using 3D printing technology. A PVA solution was uniformly coated on the outer surface of the core, with the PVA solute concentration being 12.5% ​​and the PVA fiber concentration being 1%. The PVA-coated core underwent five freeze-thaw cycles to solidify the PVA solution into a PVA hydrogel. Subsequently, the PVA hydrogel-coated core was immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve, resulting in a biomimetic vascular model with a tensile strength of 2.19 MPa ± 0.22 MPa and a tensile elongation of 49.4% ± 9.6%.

[0061] Example 5 As shown in Table 1, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen was constructed based on vascular imaging data. Using this model, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core was fabricated using 3D printing technology. A PVA solution was uniformly coated on the outer surface of the core, with the PVA solute concentration being 12.5% ​​and the PVA fiber concentration being 2%. The PVA-coated core underwent five freeze-thaw cycles to solidify the PVA solution into a PVA hydrogel. Subsequently, the PVA hydrogel-coated core was immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve, resulting in a biomimetic vascular model with a tensile strength of 2.99 MPa ± 0.47 MPa and a tensile elongation of 148.3% ± 22.7%.

[0062] Example 6 As shown in Table 1, a three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen was constructed based on vascular imaging data. Using this model, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core was fabricated using 3D printing technology. A PVA solution was uniformly coated on the outer surface of the core, with the PVA solute concentration being 12.5% ​​and the PVA fiber concentration being 2%. The PVA-coated core underwent five freeze-thaw cycles to solidify the PVA solution into a PVA hydrogel. Subsequently, the PVA hydrogel-coated core was immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve, resulting in a biomimetic vascular model with a tensile strength of 6.48 MPa ± 1.46 MPa and a tensile elongation of 172.0% ± 18.8%.

[0063] Table 1

[0064] It is evident that the manufacturing method disclosed herein allows the biomimetic blood vessel model to achieve mechanical properties more closely resembling those of a real aorta. Under conditions where the polyvinyl alcohol solute concentration in the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 12.5% ​​by mass, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber concentration is 2% by mass, and the number of freeze-thaw cycles is 5, the mechanical properties of the biomimetic blood vessel model are closest to those of a real aorta. Furthermore, the polyvinyl alcohol solution can be prepared via the following steps: Polyvinyl alcohol powder is weighed according to the target solubility and dissolved in deionized water. The solution is then thoroughly stirred at room temperature using a magnetic stirrer, for example, at 25°C and a stirring speed of 200 rpm for 30 minutes, thereby ensuring sufficient dispersion and wetting of the polyvinyl alcohol powder. After swelling, the stirrer is heated to 90°C and maintained at a stirring speed of 400 rpm for 2 hours until the solution becomes clear and transparent, without any visible undissolved particles or gel clusters. The resulting clear solution is then naturally cooled to room temperature and subsequently sealed and allowed to stand for at least 12 hours to eliminate air bubbles introduced during stirring and obtain a homogeneous and stable solution. Before use, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers were dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 4 hours to remove surface-adsorbed moisture. With the assistance of low-speed magnetic stirring (200 rpm), the dried PVA fibers were slowly sprinkled into the solution surface in batches to form the PVA solution of this disclosure. The uniformly dispersed PVA solution was then transferred to a vacuum drying oven, where a vacuum of -0.1 MPa was applied at room temperature for 15-20 minutes to thoroughly remove any introduced air bubbles.

[0065] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0066] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0067] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model, characterized in that, include: A three-dimensional computer model of the vascular lumen is constructed based on vascular imaging data; Based on the three-dimensional computer model of the blood vessel lumen, a water-soluble inner core was fabricated using water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol material through 3D printing technology. Perform the following operations on the water-soluble core N times or less, where N is greater than or equal to 1: A polyvinyl alcohol solution is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core. The water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution is subjected to at least one freeze-thaw process to solidify the polyvinyl alcohol solution into a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. After performing the above operation N times, the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is immersed in ultrapure water to dissolve the water-soluble core, thereby obtaining a biomimetic blood vessel model.

2. The method for manufacturing the biomimetic blood vessel model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of uniformly covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core with a polyvinyl alcohol solution includes: The polyvinyl alcohol solution is coated onto the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core; The water-soluble inner core is rotated at a preset speed for a preset time, wherein the rotation axis of the water-soluble inner core is parallel to the length direction of the water-soluble inner core.

3. The method for manufacturing the biomimetic blood vessel model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preset rotation speed is 20RPM-30RPM, and the preset duration is 20min-30min.

4. The method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The polyvinyl alcohol solution contains 10%-20% polyvinyl alcohol solute by mass; and / or, the polyvinyl alcohol solution further contains polyvinyl alcohol fibers by mass, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol fibers contain 1%-5% polyvinyl alcohol by mass.

5. The method for manufacturing the biomimetic blood vessel model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw cycle includes: The water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution is placed in a temperature-controlled environment for freeze-thaw treatment. The freezing temperature of the freeze-thaw treatment is -22°C to -18°C; The thawing temperature of the freeze-thaw treatment is 35°C to 40°C.

6. The method for manufacturing the biomimetic blood vessel model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw cycle includes: The water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution is placed in a temperature-controlled environment for freeze-thaw treatment. The freezing time for the freeze-thaw process is 7 to 9 hours. The thawing time for the freeze-thaw process is 3 to 5 hours.

7. The method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model according to any one of claims 1, 5, and 6, characterized in that, The step of subjecting the water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution to at least one freeze-thaw cycle includes: The water-soluble core covered with the polyvinyl alcohol solution is subjected to 3 to 5 freeze-thaw cycles.

8. The method for manufacturing a biomimetic blood vessel model according to any one of claims 1, 5, and 6, characterized in that, After performing the at least one freeze-thaw treatment, the actual thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is determined; Based on the difference between the actual thickness and the target blood vessel wall thickness, it is determined whether to perform the next operation. If the next operation is performed, the amount of polyvinyl alcohol solution covering the outer surface of the water-soluble inner core is controlled based on the difference between the actual thickness and the target blood vessel wall thickness.

9. A biomimetic blood vessel model, characterized in that, The biomimetic blood vessel model is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The biomimetic blood vessel model according to claim 9, characterized in that, The circumferential fracture strength of the biomimetic blood vessel model is 0.5MPa-8MPa, and the elongation at break of the biomimetic blood vessel model is 35%-200%.

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