Forming method of aerogel heat insulation part

By using integral molding of fiber preforms and a two-step vacuum-assisted sol-gel method, the processing difficulty and molding quality issues of thin aerogel insulation parts have been solved, achieving net-size molding without machining and high-quality products.

CN121893564APending Publication Date: 2026-04-21HUBEI SANJIANG AEROSPACE GRP HONGYANG ELECTROMECHANICAL
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610322948.1
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-03-17
Publication Date
2026-04-21

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing technologies present significant challenges in machining thin aerogel insulation components, resulting in poor product molding quality and stability. In particular, thin aerogel insulation components with a thickness of less than 3 mm are prone to cracking due to fiber breakage.

Method used

The method employs integral molding of fiber preforms and a two-step vacuum-assisted sol-gel molding process. The fiber preforms are formed by needle punching, and the solution is compounded using a porous pressure plate and a vacuum box. Combined with the release cloth for sewing, the net size is achieved and the sol is uniformly filled, avoiding fiber breakage and localized insufficient casting.

Benefits of technology

It enables the net-size molding of thin aerogel insulation parts without machining, maintains fiber integrity, has high product thickness accuracy, and a smooth surface, avoiding cracking and porosity defects, thus improving molding quality and service stability.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a forming method of an aerogel heat insulation part, which comprises the following steps: selecting a needling die, a forming die and a porous pressing plate according to the shape and the size of a target heat insulation part, needling and forming a fiber preform on the needling die, coating the preform with demolding cloth, and sewing at the edge; the prefabricated body is arranged in a forming mold, the mold gap is adjusted twice, two-step vacuum-assisted sol-gel dipping compounding is conducted, gel aging, solvent replacement and supercritical drying are completed together with the mold, and a finished product is obtained after demolding. According to the method, machining is not needed, fiber completeness can be kept, thin part machining cracking is effectively avoided, the product thickness precision and surface flatness are improved, the defects of air holes, insufficient pouring and the like are overcome, and the method is suitable for preparing thin aerogel heat insulation parts of various structures.
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