Melting forming method of high-flatness electronic glass and production system of high-flatness electronic glass

Abstract

The invention provides a melting forming method of high-flatness electronic glass and a production system of the high-flatness electronic glass, and relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing. The melting and forming method comprises the following steps: weighing and mixing glass raw materials to prepare a batch; feeding the batch into a melting furnace, spraying flames based on combustion parameters, heating, melting and clarifying the batch to obtain glass liquid; feeding the molten glass into a tin bath for flattening and drawing to form a glass tape; and detecting the flatness data to obtain the electronic glass meeting the preset flatness requirement. The glass particles are sprayed into the hydrogen-containing flame to enhance radiation heat transfer, so that the problem of low combustion heat efficiency of clean energy is effectively solved, and the melting quality is guaranteed; and in cooperation with closed-loop feedback regulation and control based on finished product flatness, melting and forming parameters are corrected in real time, and process fluctuation is effectively eliminated, so that the high-flatness electronic glass is stably and efficiently obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a melting and forming method and production system for high-flatness electronic glass. Background Technology

[0002] As a core substrate for high-tech products such as display devices and touch modules, electronic glass has quality standards far exceeding those of ordinary architectural glass. It not only requires extremely high visible light transmittance and chemical stability, but also has almost stringent requirements for appearance quality, especially in the control of surface flatness (such as thickness difference and warping) and internal micro-defects (such as bubbles, stones, and glass veins). Any tiny flaw can lead to a significant decrease in the yield rate of downstream products.

[0003] Currently, electronic glass production mainly employs either the float glass process or the overflow process. The float glass process is widely used due to its large production capacity and relatively controllable costs. This process typically involves feeding a batch of materials mixed according to a specific formula into a melting furnace, where the high-temperature flame generated by burning fossil fuels (such as natural gas or heavy oil) melts and clarifies the materials. The molten glass is then guided to the surface of a tin bath, where it is drawn and flattened under a protective atmosphere to form a glass ribbon. Finally, annealing and cutting are performed to obtain the finished product.

[0004] However, existing traditional production processes still have many limitations in meeting the demands for high quality. First, fluctuations in raw material properties (such as slight changes in iron content or uneven particle size distribution) can significantly affect the heat transmission and initial melting rate of the molten glass. If the melting regime cannot be dynamically adjusted accordingly, uneven melting and incomplete clarification can easily occur. Second, with increasing environmental protection requirements, the industry is attempting to introduce clean energy sources such as hydrogen. However, hydrogen combustion flames have low emissivity and weak radiative heat transfer capabilities, and the combustion products contain high levels of water vapor, posing new challenges to maintaining furnace thermal efficiency and a stable clarification atmosphere. Furthermore, in the forming process, subtle perturbations in the tin bath temperature field or the rheological properties of the molten glass can directly translate into flatness defects in the glass ribbon.

[0005] In summary, the melting, clarifying, and forming processes in existing technologies are often controlled as independent units, lacking a comprehensive mechanism that can link raw material fluctuations, energy characteristics, and the flatness of the final product. This "island-like" control method makes it difficult to eliminate the cumulative errors of each process, resulting in difficulties in stably and efficiently producing ultra-high flatness electronic glass that meets the demands of high-end applications.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a melting and forming method and production system for high-flatness electronic glass. The melting and forming method enhances radiative heat transfer by injecting glass particles into a hydrogen-containing flame to ensure melting quality, and combines closed-loop feedback control based on the flatness of the finished product to correct process deviations in real time, thereby achieving green and stable production of high-flatness electronic glass.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for melting and forming high-flatness electronic glass, comprising: The glass raw materials are weighed and mixed to prepare the batch material; The batch material is fed into a melting furnace, and a burner sprays flames based on combustion parameters to heat, melt, and clarify the batch material to obtain molten glass. The fuel used by the burner contains hydrogen, and glass particles are sprayed into the flame during combustion. The heat transfer efficiency of the flame to the batch material and the molten glass is enhanced by the radiation of the glass particles at high temperature. The clarified molten glass is fed into a tin bath and flattened and stretched in a protective atmosphere and a preset temperature gradient field to form a shaped glass ribbon. The flatness data of the formed glass strip is detected. When the flatness data deviates from the preset range, an adjustment command is generated based on the flatness data to adjust the combustion parameters in the melting furnace or the temperature gradient field in the tin bath to obtain electronic glass that meets the preset flatness requirements.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the glass raw material includes silica sand when preparing the batch; Preferably, the particle size distribution of the silica sand is controlled as follows: the content of fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.125 mm is 10% to 13%, and the content of particles with a particle size of more than 0.71 mm is less than 1%. Preferably, the Fe2O3 content in the silica sand is controlled within the range of 0.045% ± 0.005%.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the burner uses a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen as fuel, wherein the hydrogen volume percentage is 10% to 30%; and / or, The glass particles injected into the flame have the same chemical composition as the molten glass, and the particle size range of the glass particles is 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

[0011] In an optional implementation, prior to the step of using a burner to eject a flame based on combustion parameters, the method further includes: Obtain the iron content data of the silica sand in the batch; The crown temperature setting value in the combustion parameters is calculated using a preset compensation model; if the iron content data is lower than the preset benchmark value, the crown temperature setting value is increased.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the burner adopts a staged pure oxygen combustion method, and the distribution of water vapor in the combustion products is controlled by adjusting the hydrogen-oxygen ratio in different areas of the flame.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the tin bath is divided into a high-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone, and a low-temperature zone in sequence along the direction of glass melt flow; Preferably, the preset temperature gradient field includes: the temperature of the high-temperature zone is controlled at 1050℃±1℃; and / or the temperature of the medium-temperature zone is controlled at 850℃±1℃; and / or the temperature of the low-temperature zone is controlled at 600℃±1℃.

[0014] In an optional implementation, the flatness data includes the total thickness variation of the glass strip; The step of generating control instructions based on the flatness data includes: When the total thickness change is detected to exceed a preset threshold, a temperature fine-tuning command is generated for the medium temperature zone, or an adjustment command is generated for the solder bath drawing speed.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the molten glass is an alkali aluminosilicate glass melt; and / or, The protective atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen; preferably, the hydrogen content in the mixture is 3% to 5%.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the step of heating, melting, and clarifying the batch material further includes a process for eliminating air bubbles: Low-frequency bubbling is performed at the bottom of the melting zone of the furnace; and, A composite clarifying agent is added to the batching material; wherein the composite clarifying agent comprises sodium sulfate and charcoal powder; and, The atmosphere inside the furnace is controlled to be a weakly oxidizing atmosphere with an oxygen content of 2% to 3%.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a production system for high-flatness electronic glass for implementing the melting and forming method of high-flatness electronic glass as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, comprising: A raw material pretreatment system is configured to perform the weighing and mixing steps to prepare a batch feed. A melting furnace, connected to the raw material pretreatment system, is used to receive the batch material; the melting furnace is equipped with an enhanced burner, which has a fuel inlet and a particle inlet, and is configured to perform the melting and clarification steps: while spraying out a hydrogen-containing flame, glass particles are injected into the flame through the particle inlet, and the heat transfer efficiency is enhanced by the radiation of the glass particles at high temperature. A tin bath, located downstream of the melting furnace, is configured to perform the float glass forming step: receiving the clarified molten glass and flattening and drawing the molten glass in a protective atmosphere and a preset temperature gradient field; The detection and control system includes a flatness detector and a central controller installed at the outlet of the tin bath. The central controller is connected to the flatness detector, the combustion control unit of the melting furnace, and the temperature control device of the tin bath, and is configured to execute the closed-loop feedback control steps: real-time acquisition of the flatness data of the glass strip, and when the flatness data deviates from the preset range, generation of control commands to adjust the combustion parameters of the enhanced burner or the temperature gradient field of the tin bath.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention effectively solves the technical problems of low flame emissivity and weak radiative heat transfer capacity of hydrogen combustion by using hydrogen-containing fuel and injecting glass particles into the flame during the melting stage. The injected glass particles are heated to a molten or incandescent state in the high-temperature flame, and as a high-emissivity intermediate medium, they significantly enhance the radiative heat transfer efficiency of the flame to the batch and molten glass. This achieves clean energy while ensuring the thermal efficiency and melting quality of the furnace. Furthermore, since the particles and molten glass are homogeneous in composition, no impurities are introduced for contamination.

[0019] Meanwhile, this invention constructs a closed-loop feedback control mechanism based on the final product quality, directly linking the flatness data of the formed glass strip with the melting and forming parameters at the front end. When a flatness deviation is detected, the system can automatically adjust the combustion state of the melting furnace or the temperature gradient distribution in the tin bath in reverse, thereby correcting in real time the thickness unevenness and warping caused by differences in the thermal history of the molten glass, viscosity changes, or fluidity fluctuations. This cross-process collaborative control significantly improves the anti-interference capability of the process system, ensuring that electronic glass maintains excellent and stable flatness indicators throughout continuous production. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the high-flatness electronic glass melting and forming method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 This application provides a method for melting and forming high-flatness electronic glass, comprising: Step S1: Weigh and mix the glass raw materials to prepare the batch material.

[0024] This step is the initial process in glass production. It involves selecting appropriate mineral raw materials (such as silica sand, dolomite, limestone, etc.) and chemical raw materials (such as soda ash, alumina, etc.) according to the chemical composition of the target electronic glass, and accurately weighing them in proportion using weighing equipment. Subsequently, these raw materials with different components are fed into a mixer for mechanical stirring, ensuring uniform distribution both macroscopically and microscopically, forming a consistent powder or granular mixture, known as the "batch," which lays the foundation for the consistency of the subsequent melting reaction.

[0025] Precise weighing and uniform mixing can prevent defects such as streaks and concretions in the molten glass, ensuring the stability of the final glass's chemical properties.

[0026] Specifically, electronic belt scales or static hopper scales can be used, and the accuracy must meet industrial-grade standards. In the mixing step, a forced mixer can be used, and the mixing time is usually controlled within a certain range (such as 3-5 minutes). An appropriate amount of water can be added to prevent stratification.

[0027] Regarding the types of glass raw materials mentioned above, low-iron raw materials or raw materials that have undergone magnetic separation to remove iron can be selected according to the characteristics of electronic glass.

[0028] Step S2: The batch material is fed into a melting furnace, and a burner sprays flames based on combustion parameters to heat, melt, and clarify the batch material to obtain molten glass. The fuel used by the burner contains hydrogen, and glass particles are sprayed into the flame during combustion. The heat transfer efficiency of the flame to the batch material and the molten glass is enhanced by the radiation of the glass particles at high temperature.

[0029] In this step, "flame ejection based on combustion parameters" means that the burner's operating state is not fixed, but rather operates according to set parameters (such as fuel flow rate, combustion air ratio, injection pressure, etc.).

[0030] The phrase "fuel containing hydrogen" refers to the use of clean energy hydrogen (which may be pure hydrogen or hydrogen-blended natural gas) as a heat source.

[0031] The aforementioned "injecting glass particles into the flame" refers to using physical conveying methods to directly spray solid glass fragments or particles onto the root or center of the flame generated by the burner.

[0032] The aforementioned "radiation enhancement" occurs because hydrogen combustion flames are typically quite transparent (low blackness) and have poor radiative heat transfer capabilities. The injected glass particles are rapidly heated to incandescence or a molten state under the high temperature of the flame, becoming "light sources" with high emissivity (similar to blackbody radiation sources), thereby efficiently transferring heat to the batch material and molten glass below in the form of radiation.

[0033] Through the above steps, the batch material undergoes a silicate reaction at high temperature to form molten glass, and the bubbles are expelled (clarified) under the action of heat, finally obtaining a high-quality molten glass with uniform temperature and no bubbles.

[0034] This step addresses the industry-wide challenge of low radiative heat transfer efficiency when using hydrogen combustion in glass melting furnaces. It avoids the decrease in melting capacity caused by a "bright" flame, ensuring the furnace's thermal efficiency. Utilizing homogeneous glass particles enhances radiation and prevents the introduction of foreign impurities that could contaminate the molten glass.

[0035] Specifically, a pneumatic delivery channel can be installed next to or inside the burner to continuously inject clean glass shards of appropriate particle size (e.g., 0.5-2mm) into the flame using compressed air or oxygen. Combustion parameters include the hydrogen / natural gas ratio, oxygen flow rate, and particle injection rate.

[0036] Glass particles can be recycled from waste glass produced on this production line after crushing, thus achieving resource recycling.

[0037] Step S3: The clarified molten glass is fed into a tin bath and flattened and stretched in a protective atmosphere and a preset temperature gradient field to form a shaped glass ribbon.

[0038] This step is the process of converting liquid glass into a solid sheet. "Feeding into the tin bath" refers to the liquid glass flowing onto the surface of molten tin. The "protective atmosphere" can be a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen gas, typically filled in the tin bath, to prevent oxidation of the tin. The "preset temperature gradient field" refers to the tin bath having different heating or cooling zones along its length (from inlet to outlet), forming a specific temperature distribution curve (e.g., gradually decreasing from 1050°C to 600°C).

[0039] The aforementioned "flattening and stretching" process involves the molten glass spreading out and being stretched thin on the surface of the molten tin under the influence of gravity, surface tension, and the mechanical pulling force of the edge-pulling machine / roller conveyor, forming a strip of glass with uniform thickness.

[0040] This step can form a solid glass strip with a specific thickness, width, and smooth surface.

[0041] The float glass process itself provides good natural smoothness, while the "preset temperature gradient field" is the key environmental condition for controlling the fluidity and final smoothness of the molten glass.

[0042] Specifically, electric heating elements and cooling water tanks, along with thermocouples, can be used to create multiple temperature control zones on the top cover or side wall of the tin bath; and the travel speed of the glass ribbon can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the pull roller at the end of the tin bath.

[0043] Step S4: Detect the flatness data of the formed glass strip. When the flatness data deviates from the preset range, generate an adjustment command based on the flatness data to adjust the combustion parameters in the melting furnace or the temperature gradient field in the tin bath to obtain electronic glass that meets the preset flatness requirements.

[0044] This step is part of the intelligent quality control process. "Detecting flatness data" refers to measuring the thickness distribution (TTV), warpage, and other indicators of the glass ribbon using sensors after forming (usually before or after the annealing furnace). "Generating control instructions" means the control system compares the measured values ​​with set standard values ​​(preset range). If the deviation exceeds the allowable threshold, the system calculates the necessary adjustments to the process parameters based on its built-in algorithm. In "Adjusting combustion parameters or temperature gradient field," adjusting combustion parameters can change the melting temperature, thereby altering the basic viscosity and homogeneity of the molten glass entering the tin bath; adjusting the temperature gradient field changes the flow and hardening process of the molten glass within the tin bath, directly correcting forming defects.

[0045] By making real-time process corrections, fluctuations in the production process are eliminated, ensuring that the final electronic glass produced always maintains a high flatness standard.

[0046] The algorithm in this step realizes the transformation from "passive inspection" to "active control". It establishes a linkage mechanism between "melting" and "forming", solving the problem of lagging or ineffective regulation in a single link.

[0047] Specific implementation methods may include: (1) Detection method: Use an online laser thickness gauge (to measure thickness difference) or an optical interferometer (to measure micro-ripple).

[0048] (2) Control Logic (Algorithm Example): Input: Real-time flatness P real Target flatness P target .

[0049] Calculate the deviation: E=P real -P target .

[0050] Judgment: If |E|>Threshold, then adjustment is triggered.

[0051] Strategy selection: If the thickness fluctuation is over a long period, the furnace combustion parameters may be adjusted (e.g., increasing the crown temperature setpoint T). melt T new =T old +K1×E,T new Represents the new temperature setpoint; T old K1 represents the current temperature setpoint; K1 represents the furnace temperature regulation coefficient (one of the PID parameters) to improve the overall thermal history of the molten glass.

[0052] If the thickness is uneven in a localized area, the temperature gradient field of the solder bath may need to be adjusted (e.g., adjusting the heating power W in the temperature zone of the solder bath). zone W new =W old +K2×E;W new Represents the new heating power setting value W old K1 represents the current heating power setting; K2 represents the tin bath power adjustment coefficient, to fine-tune the local flowability.

[0053] The output is to send new temperature or flow rate setpoints to the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller).

[0054] The aforementioned control system can be based on PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control, or it can employ a more advanced MPC (model predictive control) algorithm, which uses historical data to train a model to predict the impact of parameter changes on smoothness.

[0055] In particular, this embodiment emphasizes the real-time and interconnected nature of the closed-loop control. As shown in Table 2 below, comparing experimental group B with comparative example E, relying solely on traditional setpoint control or manual experience-based adjustment (open-loop control) cannot promptly correct the temperature / viscosity distribution within the tin bath when faced with fluctuations in raw material batches or minor disturbances in drawing speed, resulting in prolonged and significant fluctuations in the TTV index. In contrast, this embodiment, through real-time feedback and direct intervention in the mid-temperature zone thermal field, can reduce the standard deviation of flatness fluctuations by more than 60%, which is crucial for achieving a high yield rate for electronic-grade glass.

[0056] In some embodiments, the glass raw material includes silica sand when preparing the batch.

[0057] Furthermore, the particle size distribution of the silica sand is controlled as follows: the content of fine powder with a particle size less than 0.125 mm is 10% to 13% (for example, it can be 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.2%, 12.5%, 12.8%, 13%, etc.), and the content of particles with a particle size greater than 0.71 mm is less than 1% (for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 0.99%, etc.).

[0058] This involves a rigorous physical grading and screening process for the core raw material, silica sand (a source of SiO2). This approach avoids the traditional methods of simply "removing fine powder" or "not controlling the distribution," instead forcibly retaining a specific proportion of fine particles.

[0059] Specific processing steps may include, for example, screening the raw silica sand using a multi-stage vibrating screen or air classifier in the raw material processing workshop; setting the upper screen mesh size to 0.71mm to trap and remove all coarse particles larger than this mesh size; setting a lower screening mechanism to ensure that the amount of fine powder passing through the 0.125mm screen mesh is precisely maintained within the range of 10%-13% of the total mass by adjusting the air volume or screen mesh, rather than removing it all, thereby obtaining a silica sand raw material with a specific "gradation" that contains an appropriate amount of fusible fine powder and the vast majority of the main particles, without any refractory large particles.

[0060] Fine powders of 10%-13% have a large specific surface area, allowing them to melt first in the melting furnace, forming an initial liquid phase environment that accelerates the reaction and dissolution of subsequent solid particles. Strictly limiting particles larger than 0.71mm eliminates the main hidden danger of "stone formation" (unmelted particles); at the same time, controlling fine powder to no more than 13% prevents problems such as batch material flying and bubble encapsulation (microbubbles) caused by excessive fine powder.

[0061] For example, a closed-loop grinding and classification system can be used, equipped with an online particle size analyzer to monitor the particle size distribution of the produced silica sand in real time.

[0062] Furthermore, the Fe2O3 content in the silica sand is controlled within the range of 0.045% ± 0.005%. For example, it can be 0.040%, 0.041%, 0.042%, 0.043%, 0.045%, 0.046%, 0.047%, 0.048%, 0.049%, 0.050%, etc.

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for locking a "narrow window" for the iron content of impurities. This requires not only low iron content (for the high light transmittance of electronic glass), but also extremely stable iron content (fluctuations of only ±0.005%).

[0064] Specifically, high-purity quartz ore can be selected for beneficiation. Then, the iron content is reduced through magnetic separation (to remove magnetic iron minerals), acid washing, or flotation. A large homogenization stockpile is used to spread and cut the incoming raw materials in multiple layers, eliminating batch-to-batch compositional fluctuations. This ensures that the chemical properties of the raw materials entering the melting furnace remain highly consistent over a long period.

[0065] Iron oxides are the main colorants and heat absorbers in glass. Controlling their fluctuations within a very small range can stabilize the heat transmittance (infrared absorption capacity) of the molten glass, providing a stable benchmark for the "temperature compensation" in the aforementioned embodiments and avoiding disruptions to the melting process caused by large fluctuations in raw materials.

[0066] In some embodiments, the fuel used by the burner is a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen, wherein the volume percentage of hydrogen is 10% to 30% (e.g., 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, etc.).

[0067] In this embodiment, a specific energy structure is specified, which uses hydrogen to partially replace natural gas.

[0068] The specific processing steps may include installing a static mixer in the gas supply line before the burner. The flow rates of natural gas and hydrogen are adjusted separately using a high-precision mass flow controller (MFC) to achieve a uniform mixture of 10%-30% by volume in the mixer before being fed into the nozzle, thereby forming a mixed fuel with lower carbon emissions, faster combustion speed, but with changes in flame temperature and radiation characteristics.

[0069] By limiting the amount of mixed gas fuel, carbon emissions can be reduced on the one hand, and process balance can be achieved on the other hand, that is, choosing a range of 10%-30% is an optimized range. If there is too little hydrogen, the environmental benefits are not obvious; if there is too much hydrogen (>30%), the flame combustion speed is too fast and backfire is easy, and the water vapor concentration is too high, which will destroy the clear foam layer on the surface of the glass melt.

[0070] The above mixing ratio can be dynamically adjusted according to the heat load requirements of the melting furnace. For example, the ratio can be adjusted appropriately when high heat is required in the initial stage of melting.

[0071] In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the glass particles sprayed into the flame is the same as that of the molten glass, and the particle size of the glass particles ranges from 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm (e.g., 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, etc.).

[0072] In this embodiment, the "medium" used to enhance radiation is subject to qualitative (homogeneous) and quantitative (particle size) restrictions.

[0073] Specifically, the process can begin by collecting broken glass (such as cut scraps) generated during production, cleaning and drying it before crushing it; then screening out particles with a diameter of 0.5mm to 2.0mm, removing excessively fine powder and excessively large lumps, thereby obtaining a "combustion aid" that can both emit light and heat and is safe.

[0074] "Same composition" means that even if the particles fall into the molten pool, they will completely integrate into the molten glass after melting, without introducing impurities or air bubbles as with sprayed carbon powder or other solids. Furthermore, "0.5-2.0mm" is a critical parameter. Particles that are too small (<0.5mm) will instantly vaporize in the flame or be blown away by the airflow, failing to provide sustained radiation; particles that are too large (>2.0mm) will not reach incandescence before falling into the molten pool, and may even fall into the molten glass as raw material, causing incomplete melting defects.

[0075] In some embodiments, step S2, prior to the step of ejecting a flame from the burner based on combustion parameters, further includes: Obtain the iron content data of the silica sand in the batch; The crown temperature setting value in the combustion parameters is calculated using a preset compensation model; if the iron content data is lower than the preset benchmark value, the crown temperature setting value is increased.

[0076] This embodiment provides a feedforward control strategy. Unlike traditional feedback control that "reheats when the temperature is low," this strategy adjusts the process in advance based on changes in the raw materials.

[0077] The specific processing procedure (logical flow) may include: (1) Detection: In the batching process, the Fe2O3 content (denoted as C) of the silica sand to be fed into the kiln is quickly detected using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer. Fe ).

[0078] (2) Calculation: The control system calls the internal algorithm. Let the reference iron content be C. base(e.g., 0.045%), with a reference temperature of T. base .

[0079] (3) Calculate the deviation ΔC=C base -C Fe .

[0080] (4) If ΔC>0 (i.e., the iron content is low), it indicates that the heat permeability of the raw material is poor (weak heat absorption capacity), and there is a risk that the actual temperature of the glass melt will drop.

[0081] (5) According to model T set =T base The new setpoint is calculated using +K×ΔC. (K is the compensation coefficient, for example, for every 0.001% decrease in iron, the temperature increases by X℃).

[0082] (6) Automatically increase the opening of the fuel valve of the burner to increase the temperature of the crown space.

[0083] Before or simultaneously with the entry of low-iron raw materials into the melting zone, the furnace has already raised the ambient temperature to offset the heat loss caused by the reduced heat absorption capacity of the raw materials.

[0084] The above implementation method solves the common problem of "melting fluctuation" in the production of low-iron electronic glass. It avoids the viscosity fluctuation and bubble generation of molten glass caused by temperature adjustment lag.

[0085] For example, it could include the following (algorithm): Assume a baseline iron content of 0.045% and a baseline arch temperature of 1580℃. The empirical coefficient K=1000 (meaning that for every 0.01% decrease in iron content, the temperature needs to be increased by 10℃). If a batch of silica sand is found to have an iron content of 0.035% (0.01% lower),...

[0086] System calculation: T set =1580+1000×(0.045%-0.035%)=1590℃.

[0087] The command issued is: Automatically change the target temperature of the melting zone to 1590℃.

[0088] In some embodiments, the burner employs a staged pure oxygen combustion method, controlling the distribution of water vapor in the combustion products by adjusting the hydrogen-oxygen ratio in different areas of the flame.

[0089] This embodiment provides optimization measures for the combustion characteristics of hydrogen-containing fuels. The main product of hydrogen combustion is water (H2O). Excessive concentration of high-temperature water vapor can react with the surface of the molten glass, damaging the foam layer used for clarification. "Stage combustion" refers to dividing the oxidizer (oxygen) into two or more streams and injecting them into different locations of the flame in stages. The process may include: (1) Primary oxygen (main combustion zone): oxygen is supplied at the root of the nozzle at a ratio lower than the theoretical equivalence (oxygen-deficient combustion). At this time, hydrogen is not completely burned, the flame temperature is moderate, and less water vapor is generated.

[0090] (2) Secondary oxygen (burnout zone): The remaining oxygen is added downstream or around the flame. At this point, the entire combustion process is completed and the maximum heat is released.

[0091] By adjusting the ratio of the two-stage oxygen and the injection angle, the flame length and the position of the high-temperature zone can be changed, thereby altering the diffusion path of the combustion products (water vapor) within the furnace space. This results in the high-concentration water vapor being concentrated mainly at the tail of the flame or in a specific area, rather than directly impacting or covering the glass melt clarification zone.

[0092] The above optimizations reduce the damage of water vapor to the foam layer on the surface of the molten glass, preventing the generation of secondary bubbles (reboiling) caused by the rupture of the foam layer. Staged combustion also expands the flame coverage area and improves the uniformity of heat transfer.

[0093] In some embodiments, the tin bath is divided into a high-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone, and a low-temperature zone along the direction of glass melt flow.

[0094] Furthermore, the preset temperature gradient field includes: the temperature of the high-temperature zone is controlled at 1050℃±1℃ (for example, it can be 1049.0℃, 1049.2℃, 1049.5℃, 1049.8℃, 1050.0℃, 1050.2℃, 1050.5℃, 1050.8℃, 1051.0℃, etc.); and / or, the temperature of the medium-temperature zone is controlled at 850℃±1℃ (for example, it can be 849.0℃). 849.2℃, 849.5℃, 849.8℃, 850.0℃, 850.2℃, 850.5℃, 850.8℃, 851.0℃, etc.); and / or, the temperature of the low-temperature zone is controlled at 600℃±1℃ (for example, it can be 599.0℃, 599.2℃, 599.5℃, 599.8℃, 600.0℃, 600.2℃, 600.5℃, 600.8℃, 601.0℃, etc.).

[0095] This embodiment provides specific and precise management of the thermal environment during the float glass forming process. The tin bath is not a constant-temperature pool, but rather a "heat treatment channel" with a specific cooling curve.

[0096] In the aforementioned high-temperature zone (inlet end), the molten glass is extremely fluid as soon as it enters.

[0097] In the aforementioned medium-temperature zone (forming end), the viscosity of the molten glass increases, and it begins to solidify.

[0098] In the aforementioned low-temperature zone (exit end), the glass ribbon hardens, preparing to detach from the molten tin.

[0099] A PID temperature controller can be used to control the electric heating elements (silicon carbide rods) and cooling water tanks distributed on the top cover of the tin bath. Sensors provide real-time feedback on the temperature of each zone, and the system dynamically adjusts the heating power to strictly lock temperature fluctuations within an extremely narrow range of ±1℃, thereby establishing a highly stable and smooth temperature gradient field.

[0100] The 1050℃ high-temperature zone ensures that the molten glass is fully spread and thinned without accumulation; the 850℃ medium-temperature zone is the key area for controlling flatness. At this point, the glass is in a viscoelastic state, and the temperature uniformity directly determines whether there are ripples or uneven thickness; the 600℃ low-temperature zone ensures that the glass ribbon has sufficient mechanical strength to be pulled out of the tin bath without causing roller scratches.

[0101] In some embodiments, the flatness data includes the total thickness variation of the glass strip; The step of generating control instructions based on the flatness data includes: generating a temperature fine-tuning instruction for the medium temperature zone when the total thickness change is detected to exceed a preset threshold, or generating an adjustment instruction for the solder bath drawing speed.

[0102] In this embodiment, the "control command" is specified. TTV (Total Thickness Variation) is a core indicator for measuring the flatness of electronic glass, which refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum thickness of the entire glass plate.

[0103] The specific processing steps may include: scanning the current TTV value (e.g., 25 μm) with a laser thickness gauge; setting a threshold of 20 μm. If the current value exceeds the limit, the algorithm determines that the thickness fluctuation may stem from uneven viscosity distribution of the molten glass at around 850°C. The system issues a command to fine-tune the set temperature of a specific group of heating rods in the mid-temperature zone (e.g., decrease by 0.5°C) to increase the viscosity of the molten glass at that location and suppress flow. If the overall thickness is too thick or too thin, the system issues a command to fine-tune the rotation speed of the edge-drawing machine (e.g., increase by 0.1%) to change the stretching ratio. This fine-tuning of physical parameters counteracts the interfering factors causing the TTV to exceed the limit.

[0104] It directly targets the two most sensitive variables affecting flatness—viscosity (determined by temperature) and stress (determined by speed)—achieving precise correction of product quality.

[0105] Specifically, an adaptive control algorithm can be used to establish a sensitivity matrix between the "temperature / velocity change" and the "TTV change".

[0106] In some embodiments, the molten glass is an alkali aluminosilicate glass.

[0107] The aforementioned alkali aluminosilicates are the mainstream materials for high-performance electronic glass (such as mobile phone cover plates and touch screens), characterized by high strength and scratch resistance. A higher proportion of alumina and alkali metal oxides (such as Na₂O and K₂O) can be introduced into the raw material formulation. This type of glass has high viscosity, is difficult to melt, and is prone to bubble formation. The "hydrogen-enhanced melting" and "precision forming" methods described in this technology are precisely designed to address the production challenges of this type of refractory glass.

[0108] In some embodiments, the protective atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen; preferably, the hydrogen content in the mixture is 3% to 5%. For example, it can be 3.0%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.0%, 4.2%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.8%, 5.0%, etc.

[0109] This embodiment provides information on the reducing power of the protective gas inside the solder bath. High-purity nitrogen (as a carrier gas) and high-purity hydrogen (as a reducing agent) can be mixed in a specific ratio and introduced into the solder bath to maintain a slightly positive pressure reducing environment. A lower limit of 3% ensures sufficient hydrogen to reduce tin oxide (SnO2) on the surface of the molten solder, preventing defects; a higher limit of 5% avoids excessive hydrogen, which would increase costs, and prevents hydrogen from seeping into the glass surface and causing "hydrogen-induced discoloration" or the formation of bubbles.

[0110] In some embodiments, the step of heating, melting, and clarifying the batch material further includes a process for eliminating air bubbles: (1) Low-frequency bubbling is performed at the bottom of the melting zone of the furnace.

[0111] This step involves installing a bubble tube at the bottom of the melting section of a glass melting furnace to blow bubbles (usually air or nitrogen) into the high-temperature molten glass. The bubbles are generated at a low frequency, thereby creating forced convection inside the molten glass.

[0112] The powerful convection agitates the molten glass, eliminating inhomogeneities in composition and temperature. Large air bubbles blown in can absorb surrounding tiny air bubbles as they rise, carrying them to the surface (physical defoaming).

[0113] For example, the bubbling frequency can be controlled at 20-40 bubbles per minute to avoid disturbing the glass liquid surface and causing instability in the liquid level due to excessive frequency.

[0114] (2) A composite clarifying agent is added to the batching material; wherein the composite clarifying agent includes sodium sulfate and charcoal powder.

[0115] In this step, an oxidizing clarifying agent (sodium sulfate, i.e., anhydrous sodium sulfate) and a reducing agent (such as charcoal powder) are introduced into the raw material formula at the same time, so as to generate a large amount of gas by utilizing the chemical reaction between the two.

[0116] The aforementioned carbon powder is used to lower the decomposition temperature of sodium sulfate, allowing it to release gas earlier during the critical stage of glass melting and accelerating the initial melting process. During high-temperature clarification, the sodium sulfate releases large SO2 and O2 bubbles, which "sweep away" tiny bubbles as they rise, purifying the molten glass.

[0117] (3) Control the atmosphere inside the furnace to be a weak oxidizing atmosphere with an oxygen content of 2% to 3%. For example, the oxygen content can be 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, etc.

[0118] In this step, the air-fuel ratio (air / fuel ratio) of the combustion system is adjusted so that the residual oxygen volume concentration in the combustion products in the kiln is maintained at 2%-3%, thereby creating a chemical environment that is neither over-oxidized nor reduced.

[0119] If the atmosphere is too reducing, sodium sulfate will form sulfides, causing amber streaks (sulfur color) on the glass; if the atmosphere is too oxidizing, the sodium sulfate will decompose prematurely and lose its clarifying effect. 2%-3% is the balance point for maintaining the optimal effectiveness of sulfate clarifying agents.

[0120] This application embodiment also provides a production system for high-flatness electronic glass for implementing the melting and forming method of high-flatness electronic glass as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, comprising: A raw material pretreatment system is configured to perform the weighing and mixing steps to prepare a batch feed. A melting furnace, connected to the raw material pretreatment system, is used to receive the batch material; the melting furnace is equipped with an enhanced burner, which has a fuel inlet and a particle inlet, and is configured to perform the melting and clarification steps: while spraying out a hydrogen-containing flame, glass particles are injected into the flame through the particle inlet, and the heat transfer efficiency is enhanced by the radiation of the glass particles at high temperature. A tin bath, located downstream of the melting furnace, is configured to perform the float glass forming step: receiving the clarified molten glass and flattening and drawing the molten glass in a protective atmosphere and a preset temperature gradient field; The detection and control system includes a flatness detector and a central controller installed at the outlet of the tin bath. The central controller is connected to the flatness detector, the combustion control unit of the melting furnace, and the temperature control device of the tin bath, and is configured to execute the closed-loop feedback control steps: real-time acquisition of the flatness data of the glass strip, and when the flatness data deviates from the preset range, generation of control commands to adjust the combustion parameters of the enhanced burner or the temperature gradient field of the tin bath.

[0121] The aforementioned system is the hardware carrier for implementing the aforementioned methods and steps. Its core lies in integrating "raw materials-melting-forming-control" into a single device.

[0122] The aforementioned raw material pretreatment system may include a high-precision electronic scale, a screening machine (vibrating screen), and a high-power mixer. It is configured to perform the "weighing and mixing" steps described in the preceding method. It is the "throat" of the system, responsible for providing powdered feedstock with qualified particle size and uniform composition according to the set formula.

[0123] The aforementioned melting furnace and enhanced burner: The melting furnace is a large refractory-lined pool furnace that receives batch materials. The enhanced burner (core component), unlike ordinary gas lances, has a unique fuel inlet (for hydrogen / natural gas) and a pellet inlet (connected to the broken glass delivery pipe).

[0124] The burner's "physical enhancement" function is defined. It is not only a heat source generator, but also a "radiation converter," which uses glass particles to convert the thermal energy of the hydrogen flame into radiant energy, thereby performing the "melting and clarification" steps. This solves the thermal problems of applying clean energy in glass melting furnaces and achieves energy saving and emission reduction at the equipment level.

[0125] The aforementioned tin bath is a sealed tank filled with molten tin. It is configured to perform the "float molding" step. It has a "protective atmosphere" interface and a "preset temperature gradient field" (achieved through zoned heaters). It is not only the molding site but also the actuator for smoothness control (by adjusting the viscosity through temperature regulation).

[0126] In the aforementioned detection and control system, the flatness detector is an online sensor (such as a laser thickness gauge) located at the outlet of the solder bath or after the annealing furnace. The central controller is the "brain" of the system (usually a PLC or DCS system), which connects the detector (eye), burner (hand), and solder bath temperature controller (hand) via signal lines.

[0127] The aforementioned limitation, "execute the closed-loop feedback control steps...generate control commands to adjust...", indicates that the controller embeds specific algorithmic logic (such as PID or model predictive control), which can transform "passive" detection data into "active" process adjustment actions. This breaks down the traditional "separate" equipment barriers between melting and forming in glass factories, connecting the melting furnace and tin bath into an organic whole through a data link, ensuring the system can automatically resist interference and stably produce high-flatness products.

[0128] The present invention will be further illustrated below with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely for the purpose of more detailed illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way.

[0129] Example 1: Standard High-Flatness Electronic Glass Manufacturing Process This embodiment produces a high-alumina silicate electronic glass with a thickness of 0.5 mm, with the goal of verifying the overall effectiveness of the integrated process of this invention.

[0130] 1. Raw material pretreatment: (1) Raw material selection: Low iron silica sand is selected, and after magnetic separation and acid washing, its Fe2O3 content is controlled to be stable at 0.045%±0.002%.

[0131] (2) Particle size distribution: The silica sand is precisely screened to control the content of fine powder with a particle size <0.125mm to be 12% and the content of coarse particles with a particle size >0.71mm to be 0%.

[0132] (3) Mixing: Weigh the raw materials such as silica sand, alumina, and sodium carbonate according to the formula, and add a composite clarifying agent composed of sodium sulfate (0.5wt%) and charcoal powder (0.05wt%). Dry mix in a mixer for 5 minutes.

[0133] 2. Melting and Clarification: (1) Combustion system: a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen is used, with hydrogen accounting for 20% of the volume.

[0134] (2) Enhancement measures: Using an enhanced burner, homogeneous broken glass particles with a diameter of 1.0mm-1.5mm are continuously sprayed into the root of the flame.

[0135] (3) Temperature compensation: The batching system detects the iron content of silica sand online. If the iron content of a certain batch is found to be low (0.043%), the central controller will automatically adjust the set value of the furnace crown temperature from the benchmark 1580℃ to 1585℃.

[0136] (4) Bubble elimination: Start low-frequency bubbling (30 bubbles / minute) at the bottom of the melting zone and control the oxygen content of flue gas in the kiln to 2.5%.

[0137] 3. Float film forming: (1) Tin bath environment: A nitrogen-hydrogen mixture with a hydrogen content of 4% is introduced as a protective atmosphere.

[0138] (2) Temperature gradient field: Establish precise temperature control zones, with the high temperature zone controlled at 1050℃, the medium temperature zone controlled at 850℃, and the low temperature zone controlled at 600℃. The temperature control accuracy of each zone is maintained at ±0.5℃.

[0139] 4. Closed-loop control: During the production process, an online laser thickness gauge monitors the TTV (total thickness change) of the glass strip in real time.

[0140] Control process: When a slight upward trend in the TTV value is detected (approaching the 20μm threshold), the system automatically fine-tunes the power of the third group of heating elements in the medium temperature zone, reducing the local temperature by 0.8℃ and increasing the viscosity of the molten glass.

[0141] Results: After 24 hours of continuous production, the produced electronic glass has a smooth surface, extremely low micro-ripple, and a TTV value that is stably controlled within 15μm. There are no visible bubbles inside the glass (number of bubbles <0.1 / kg), and the light transmittance is >92%.

[0142] Example 2: Adaptive melting process for extremely low iron raw materials This embodiment focuses on verifying the effectiveness of the "iron content temperature compensation model" and "staged pure oxygen combustion" under extreme raw material conditions.

[0143] 1. Characteristics of raw materials: It uses ultra-low iron silica sand specifically for ultra-white high-transparency electronic glass, with an Fe2O3 content of only 0.035% (significantly lower than the conventional benchmark of 0.045%).

[0144] Particle size control: The fine powder content (<0.125mm) is adjusted to 10% to prevent fly-through caused by overly pure raw materials.

[0145] 2. Melting parameter adjustment: (1) Temperature compensation execution: After the system calculates the deviation, the compensation model is used to significantly increase the crown temperature setting to 1595℃ (baseline + 15℃) to compensate for the heat transfer loss caused by the poor heat permeability of the raw material.

[0146] (2) Combustion method: Staged pure oxygen combustion technology is adopted. The first stage oxygen supply is 80% of the theoretical value, forming an oxygen-deficient zone at the root of the flame; the second stage oxygen is added in the middle of the flame.

[0147] (3) Hydrogen ratio: Increase the hydrogen doping ratio to 30%, and combine it with fine glass particles with a particle size of 0.5 mm to maximize radiant heat energy.

[0148] 3. Molding and Control: The solder bath drawing speed increases accordingly with the increase in melting amount. When a fluctuation in flatness caused by the change in drawing speed is detected, the control system prioritizes adjusting the rotation speed parameter of the solder bath edge pulling machine, rather than the temperature parameter, to quickly stabilize the board surface.

[0149] Results: Despite the extremely poor heat permeability of the raw materials, the molten glass melted completely with the help of adaptive temperature compensation and enhanced combustion, without any raw material or stone formation. The total heat transfer volume (TTV) of the finished glass was controlled at around 18μm, meeting the requirements for high-yield production.

[0150] Example 3: Comparative Experiment of Different Particle Size Distributions This embodiment aims to verify the critical significance of the parameter "fine powder content 10%-13%".

[0151] Experimental setup: On the same pilot production line, keeping other melting parameters (hydrogen ratio 15%, particle spraying enhancement, closed-loop control on) unchanged, only changing the particle size distribution of the silica sand raw material, three sets of comparative experiments were conducted: Experimental group A (this invention): fine powder (<0.125mm) content 13%, coarse particles (>0.71mm) content 0.5%.

[0152] Comparative Example B (too little fine powder): Fine powder content 3% (simulating traditional fine powder removal process).

[0153] Comparative Example C (too much fine powder): Fine powder content 20%.

[0154] Comparison of experimental results: Table 1. Effect of raw material particle size distribution on melting quality

[0155] Conclusion: Experimental group A (within the scope of this invention) achieved the optimal balance between melting and clarification. Comparative example B, due to insufficient fine powder, experienced difficulty in initial melting, resulting in a small amount of agglomerates in the final product. Comparative example C, although melting quickly, had excessive fine powder, making it difficult for air to escape from the gaps in the batch, forming numerous microbubbles, and causing fly waste to contaminate the kiln. This also demonstrates that the technical effect of limiting the fine powder content to 10%-13% in this invention is significant and irreplaceable.

[0156] Example 4: Comparative Experiment on the Effect of Enhanced Combustion and Particle Size This embodiment aims to verify the necessity of "injecting glass particles into a hydrogen-containing flame" and the critical significance of "particle size of 0.5mm-2.0mm".

[0157] Experimental setup: Under the same furnace operating conditions (hydrogen volume ratio of 20% and natural gas of 80%), four different combustion conditions were set up and run continuously for 24 hours to monitor the furnace thermal efficiency and finished product quality.

[0158] Experimental Group A (Invention): An enhanced burner was used to inject homogeneous broken glass particles of 1.0mm-1.5mm into the flame.

[0159] Comparative Example D1 (No Particles): A standard gas gun was used, without injecting any solid particles, only burning hydrogen / natural gas.

[0160] Comparative Example F1 (excessively fine particles): Glass micro powder with a particle size of <0.1mm was sprayed in.

[0161] Comparative Example F2 (overly coarse particles): Coarse glass particles with a diameter >3.0 mm were sprayed in.

[0162] Example 5: Stability Verification of Closed-Loop Feedback Control This embodiment aims to verify the technical advantages of "closed-loop control based on flatness data" over traditional open-loop control.

[0163] Experimental setup: During the tin bath forming stage, a small disturbance in the drawing speed is artificially introduced (instantaneous fluctuation of drawing speed ±0.5%), and the system response and subsequent recovery of TTV (total thickness change) are observed.

[0164] Experimental Group B (This Invention): The closed-loop feedback control system is activated. When the TTV deviates, the system automatically adjusts the temperature in the intermediate temperature zone.

[0165] Comparative E (open-loop control): Automatic feedback function is disabled. Adjustments are made periodically (every 2 hours) based on manual experience.

[0166] Table 2. Comprehensive Verification of Combustion Efficiency Enhancement and Closed-Loop Control Effects

[0167] Results Analysis and Conclusions: Regarding improved combustion efficiency (Comparative Examples D1 / F1 / F2): Data shows that the bottom temperature of experimental group A was approximately 37°C higher than that of comparative example D1 without particle spraying, demonstrating that spraying an appropriate amount of particles significantly enhances the radiative heat transfer capability of the hydrogen flame, solving the problem of "flame drift and poor heat transfer" in clean energy. Meanwhile, comparative examples F1 and F2 demonstrate the crucial importance of particle size control between 0.5-2.0 mm (1.0 mm in the example): particles that are too fine (F1) cannot effectively radiate heat and are prone to flying off; particles that are too coarse (F2), although heat transfer is acceptable, cannot completely melt, directly leading to product stone defects and scrap.

[0168] Regarding closed-loop control (comparative example E), after introducing a disturbance, experimental group B quickly pulled the TTV back to within 16μm using closed-loop feedback; while in the open-loop comparative example E, the TTV fluctuation range expanded to 35μm and could not be recovered for a long time. This strongly demonstrates the necessity of the closed-loop control steps to ensure "high smoothness," and that it is not an obvious design choice.

[0169] Regarding the raw material gradation (comparative example B / C), it once again confirms that a fine powder content of 10%-13% is the optimal balance point for both melting rate and bubble / fly control.

[0170] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for melting and forming high-flatness electronic glass, characterized in that, include: The glass raw materials are weighed and mixed to prepare the batch material; The batch material is fed into a melting furnace, and a burner sprays flames based on combustion parameters to heat, melt, and clarify the batch material to obtain molten glass. The fuel used by the burner contains hydrogen, and glass particles are sprayed into the flame during combustion. The heat transfer efficiency of the flame to the batch material and the molten glass is enhanced by the radiation of the glass particles at high temperature. The clarified molten glass is fed into a tin bath and flattened and stretched in a protective atmosphere and a preset temperature gradient field to form a shaped glass ribbon. The flatness data of the formed glass strip is detected. When the flatness data deviates from the preset range, an adjustment command is generated based on the flatness data to adjust the combustion parameters in the melting furnace or the temperature gradient field in the tin bath to obtain electronic glass that meets the preset flatness requirements.

2. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In preparing the batch, the glass raw material includes silica sand; Preferably, the particle size distribution of the silica sand is controlled as follows: the content of fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.125 mm is 10% to 13%, and the content of particles with a particle size of more than 0.71 mm is less than 1%. Preferably, the Fe2O3 content in the silica sand is controlled within the range of 0.045% ± 0.005%.

3. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The burner uses a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen as fuel, wherein the hydrogen accounts for 10% to 30% of the volume; and / or, The glass particles injected into the flame have the same chemical composition as the molten glass, and the particle size range of the glass particles is 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

4. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of using a burner to eject a flame based on combustion parameters, the method further includes: Obtain the iron content data of the silica sand in the batch; The crown temperature setting value in the combustion parameters is calculated using a preset compensation model; if the iron content data is lower than the preset benchmark value, the crown temperature setting value is increased.

5. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The burner employs a staged pure oxygen combustion method, controlling the distribution of water vapor in the combustion products by adjusting the hydrogen-oxygen ratio in different areas of the flame.

6. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tin bath is divided into a high-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone, and a low-temperature zone along the direction of glass melt flow. Preferably, the preset temperature gradient field includes: the temperature of the high-temperature zone is controlled at 1050℃±1℃; and / or the temperature of the medium-temperature zone is controlled at 850℃±1℃; and / or the temperature of the low-temperature zone is controlled at 600℃±1℃.

7. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The flatness data includes the total thickness variation of the glass strip; The step of generating control instructions based on the flatness data includes: When the total thickness change is detected to exceed a preset threshold, a temperature fine-tuning command is generated for the medium temperature zone, or an adjustment command is generated for the solder bath drawing speed.

8. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molten glass is an alkali aluminosilicate glass; and / or... The protective atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen; preferably, the hydrogen content in the mixture is 3% to 5%.

9. The melting and forming method for high-flatness electronic glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of heating, melting, and clarifying the batch material further includes a process for eliminating air bubbles: Low-frequency bubbling is performed at the bottom of the melting zone of the furnace; and, A composite clarifying agent is added to the batching material; wherein the composite clarifying agent comprises sodium sulfate and charcoal powder; and, The atmosphere inside the furnace is controlled to be a weakly oxidizing atmosphere with an oxygen content of 2% to 3%.

10. A production system for high-flatness electronic glass for implementing the melting and forming method of high-flatness electronic glass as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: A raw material pretreatment system is configured to perform the weighing and mixing steps to prepare a batch feed. A melting furnace, connected to the raw material pretreatment system, is used to receive the batch material; the melting furnace is equipped with an enhanced burner, which has a fuel inlet and a particle inlet, and is configured to perform the melting and clarification steps: while spraying out a hydrogen-containing flame, glass particles are injected into the flame through the particle inlet, and the heat transfer efficiency is enhanced by the radiation of the glass particles at high temperature. A tin bath, located downstream of the furnace, is configured to perform the float glass forming step: receiving the clarified molten glass and flattening and drawing the molten glass in a protective atmosphere and a preset temperature gradient field; The detection and control system includes a flatness detector and a central controller installed at the outlet of the tin bath. The central controller is connected to the flatness detector, the combustion control unit of the melting furnace, and the temperature control device of the tin bath, and is configured to execute the closed-loop feedback control steps: real-time acquisition of the flatness data of the glass strip, and when the flatness data deviates from the preset range, generation of control commands to adjust the combustion parameters of the enhanced burner or the temperature gradient field of the tin bath.

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