Novel fishway fish taking structure for hydropower station

Abstract

The novel hydropower station fishway fish taking structure comprises an upstream fishway, a downstream fishway, a fish collecting way, an intercepting mechanism and an automatic fish collecting mechanism, one side of the upstream fishway is communicated with the downstream fishway, a height difference exists between the upstream fishway and the downstream fishway, and a partition plate is arranged at the connecting center of the upstream fishway and the downstream fishway in parallel in the water flow movement direction; a fish collecting channel for collecting fishes is arranged on one side of the partition plate; the intercepting mechanism is used for intercepting fishes and arranged at the joint of the upstream fishway and the downstream fishway. Non-destructive operation of fishway fish taking operation is achieved, the suffocation risk caused by accumulation of fishes in the main channel is avoided, target fishes can be accurately captured through the adjustable intercepting structure, the mistaken capturing rate of non-target individuals is reduced, the manual operation intensity is reduced through the automatic collecting system, the fish taking operation efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced. The whole device completes scientific research sampling on the premise of maintaining the normal use function of the fishway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fishway technology in hydropower stations, and in particular to a novel fishway structure for catching fish in hydropower stations. Background Technology

[0002] In modern water conservancy engineering construction, the widespread construction of hydropower stations has brought huge energy benefits, but it has also had many impacts on the ecological environment. Among them, the obstruction of fish migration channels is particularly significant. To alleviate this contradiction, fishways, as an important fish passage facility, are widely used in hydropower station projects. The main function of fishways is to help fish overcome the migration obstacles caused by water conservancy facilities such as dams, so that they can successfully complete their migration behavior in the life cycle. This is of great significance for maintaining the balance and stability of aquatic ecosystems and protecting biodiversity.

[0003] Currently, the common practice for obtaining fish from fishways for research is to completely block the fishway with a net. This method causes a large number of fish to accumulate at the blockage, requiring manual removal one by one. This process is not only tedious and complex, but also extremely time-consuming and inefficient. Furthermore, this crude method cannot quickly and accurately intercept specific fish species according to actual research needs, and it makes automated collection of fish difficult. This seriously affects the progress and scientific rigor of research, and also causes unnecessary disturbance and harm to the fish, hindering the protection and rational utilization of fish resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of current research on fish passages in hydropower stations, which requires complete severing of fish, leading to fish accumulation and reliance on manual removal—a process that is cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive—and cannot quickly intercept and automatically collect fish as needed, this invention provides a novel fish retrieval structure for hydropower station fish passages.

[0005] The present invention provides a novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station, which adopts the following technical solution: A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station includes: An upstream fishway is connected to a downstream fishway on one side, and there is a height difference between the upstream and downstream fishways. A baffle is set parallel to the direction of water flow at the center of their connection. A fish collection channel for collecting fish is set on one side of the baffle. An interception mechanism for intercepting fish is provided at the connection between the upstream and downstream fish channels and located on the outside of the fish collection channel. The interception mechanism includes a base, a support plate, an interception grid, and an adjustment assembly. The base is fixed on the outside of the fish collection channel and located at the bottom of the downstream fish channel. The support plate is fixed on the base. The interception grid is slidably connected to the support plate, and two interception grids are provided. A slot is provided through the connection between the upstream and downstream fish channels, and the two interception grids are slidably connected in the slot and located on both sides of the partition. An automatic fish collection mechanism is used to automatically collect and store fish, and the automatic fish collection mechanism is installed in the fish collection channel.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, this application realizes non-destructive operation of fish passage fish retrieval, avoids the risk of fish suffocation caused by accumulation in the main passage, the adjustable interception structure can accurately capture target fish and reduce the accidental capture rate of non-target individuals, the automatic collection system reduces the intensity of manual operation and improves the efficiency of fish retrieval operation, and the whole set of devices completes scientific sampling while maintaining the normal use function of the fish passage, providing reliable technical support for ecological protection research.

[0007] Optionally, the automatic fish collecting mechanism includes a guide plate, a fish filter, and a shifting assembly. One end of the guide plate is fixed on the downstream fish passage, and the other end is located inside the fish collecting passage. The guide plate is inclined, and the fish filter has an arc-shaped structure and is fixed inside the fish collecting passage.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, this application can realize the directional guidance and automated collection of fish, reduce the intensity of human intervention, avoid fish damage caused by human operation, and at the same time maintain the continuity of water flow in the fishway, ensuring that uncollected fish can continue to complete their migration behavior.

[0009] Optionally, a water collection pipe is fixed to one side of the fish collection channel, and a fish outlet is provided through the fish collection channel. The bottom end of the fish outlet is located at the top of the water collection pipe, and one end of the fish filter is fixed to the bottom of the fish outlet. A fish storage net box is snapped into the top of the water collection pipe, and the bottom of the water collection pipe is connected to the fish collection channel.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, this application realizes the continuous automated collection and temporary storage of fish, solving the technical problems of low efficiency of manual operation and high fish damage rate. The detachable design of the fish storage net facilitates researchers to quickly transfer samples. The matching structure of the water collection pipe and the fish outlet ensures continuous water circulation and avoids stagnation. The curved interception characteristics of the fish filter grid control the water flow speed while ensuring the interception effect, effectively reducing the risk of fish collision damage.

[0011] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a support frame, an adjustment plate, and a first docking plate. The support frame is fixed on the base, the adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the support frame, the first docking plate is fixed on the interception grid and has a through-hole strip, and one end of the adjustment plate is slidably engaged in the through-hole strip.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, this application avoids the tedious operation of repeated manual adjustments through a mechanical linkage structure, and ensures adjustment accuracy through the linear correspondence between rotation angle and displacement, enabling the interception grid to be quickly positioned according to different working conditions, effectively improving fish interception efficiency and system adaptability.

[0013] Optionally, the adjustment assembly further includes a linkage seat and a second docking plate. The linkage seat is slidably connected to the base, and the second docking plate is vertically fixed to one end of the linkage seat. A rectangular groove is provided through the second docking plate, and the other end of the adjustment plate is slidably engaged in the rectangular groove.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this application realizes the synchronous linkage control of the two interception gates during the adjustment process of the interception mechanism, which simplifies the operation process, avoids the problem of asynchronous adjustment caused by step-by-step operation, and ensures the accuracy of the adjustment angle through the trajectory constraint of the rectangular slide, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency and reliability of the interception mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the adjustment assembly further includes a limiting plate, a limiting groove, and a cylinder. The limiting plate is slidably connected to the base and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the linkage seat. The limiting groove is set on the limiting plate and has a wave-shaped structure. The other end of the linkage seat is slidably engaged in the limiting groove. The cylinder is fixed to one side of the base, and the telescopic part of the cylinder is fixed to the limiting plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this application realizes the automated dynamic adjustment of the position of the interception gate. Through the mechanical linkage structure, the linear motion of a single drive source is transformed into periodic height changes, enabling the interception gate to form a dynamic barrier. Through the nonlinear design of the wave-shaped channel, a multi-level position locking function is realized, which improves the precise control capability for fish interception.

[0017] Optionally, the shifting assembly includes a positioning rod, a driven rod, and a fish-pulling plate. One end of the positioning rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fish collection channel, one end of the driven rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the positioning rod, and the fish-pulling plate is fixed to the other end of the driven rod. The fish-pulling plate is provided with a comb-tooth structure and is offset from the fish filter.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, this application realizes the automated directional transfer of fish, solving the technical problems of low efficiency of manual operation and fish stagnation and blockage. The combination design of the comb structure and the fish filter screen ensures smooth water flow while driving the fish. The staggered layout avoids motion interference between mechanical parts. The motion conversion mechanism of the four-bar linkage ensures the regularity and controllability of the fish-pulling board action, so that the fish transfer process is carried out smoothly and orderly.

[0019] Optionally, the shifting assembly further includes a first transmission rod and a driving rod, wherein the first transmission rod is rotatably connected in the fish collection channel, and one end of the driving rod is fixed to the first transmission rod, and the other end is rotatably connected to the driven rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, this application can realize the automated directional movement of fish, effectively solve the problem of low efficiency of manual operation, and avoid the stress response of fish caused by frequent contact, thus providing a stable and reliable mechanized operation basis for subsequent scientific research sample collection.

[0021] Optionally, a second transmission rod is rotatably connected between one side of the upstream fishway and the partition, and a paddle is fixed on the second transmission rod.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, this application realizes the self-supplied operation of the power system during the fish passage fish collection process. The water flow driven transmission mechanism can automatically adjust the operating frequency according to the change of flow velocity, so that the fish collection action is dynamically matched with the fish passage volume. While reducing manpower consumption, it improves collection efficiency. The continuous output of rotational power ensures that the fish-pulling plate continuously cleans the fish on the surface of the fish filter screen, avoiding the fish retention phenomenon caused by the operation interval in the traditional method.

[0023] Optionally, a first pulley is coaxially fixed to one end of the first transmission rod located outside the fish collection channel, and a second pulley is coaxially fixed to one end of the second transmission rod, with a belt provided between the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, this application realizes the fully automatic operation of the shifting component during the fish passage fish retrieval process. The stagnation state of the fish at the fish filter is monitored in real time and converted into a fish-shifting action through mechanical transmission, which effectively prevents the passage blockage caused by fish accumulation. The overload slippage characteristics of the belt drive avoid damage to mechanical parts caused by foreign objects, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system under complex working conditions.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This application enables non-destructive fish retrieval operations in fishways, avoiding the risk of fish suffocation due to accumulation in the main channel. The adjustable interception structure can accurately capture target fish and reduce the accidental capture rate of non-target individuals. The automatic collection system reduces the intensity of manual operation and improves the efficiency of fish retrieval operations. The entire device completes scientific sampling while maintaining the normal function of the fishway, providing reliable technical support for ecological protection research. This application enables the directional guidance and automated collection of fish, reducing the intensity of human intervention and avoiding fish damage caused by human operation. At the same time, it maintains the continuity of water flow in the fishway, ensuring that uncollected fish can continue to complete their migration behavior. This application avoids the tedious operation of repeated manual adjustments through a mechanical linkage structure. The linear correspondence between the rotation angle and the displacement ensures the adjustment accuracy, enabling the interception grid to be quickly positioned according to different working conditions, effectively improving the fish interception efficiency and system adaptability. This application realizes the self-supplied operation of the power system during the fish passage fish retrieval process. The water flow driven transmission mechanism can automatically adjust the operating frequency according to the change of flow velocity, so that the fish collection action is dynamically matched with the fish throughput. While reducing manpower consumption, it improves collection efficiency. The continuous output of rotational power ensures that the fish-pulling plate continuously cleans the fish on the surface of the fish filter screen, avoiding the fish retention phenomenon caused by the operation interval in the traditional method. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of a novel fish passage fish retrieval structure in a hydropower station, as described in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station, as described in this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interception mechanism structure in this embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the upstream and downstream fish passages in this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fish collection channel in this embodiment.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic fish collection mechanism in this embodiment.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Upstream fishway; 2. Downstream fishway; 3. Fish collection channel; 4. Interception mechanism; 41. Base; 42. Support plate; 43. Interception grid; 44. Support frame; 45. Adjustment plate; 46. First docking plate; 47. Linkage seat; 48. Second docking plate; 49. Limiting plate; 410. Limiting groove; 411. Cylinder; 5. Automatic fish collection mechanism; 51. Guide plate; 52. Fish filter grid; 53. Water collection pipe; 54. Fish outlet; 55. Fish storage net box; 56. Positioning rod; 57. Driven rod; 58. Fish guiding plate; 59. First transmission rod; 510. Driving rod; 511. First pulley; 512. Second transmission rod; 513. Paddle blade; 514. Second pulley; 515. Belt. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0034] This invention discloses a novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A novel fish passage structure for a hydropower station includes an upstream fish passage 1, a downstream fish passage 2, a fish collection passage 3, an interception mechanism 4, and an automatic fish collection mechanism 5. The upstream fish passage 1 is connected to the downstream fish passage 2 on one side, and there is a height difference between the upstream and downstream fish passages. A baffle is installed parallel to the direction of water flow at the connection point between the two passages. A fish collection passage 3 for collecting fish is located on one side of the baffle. The interception mechanism 4 is located at the connection point of the upstream and downstream fish passages 1 and is situated outside the fish collection passage 3. The interception mechanism 4 includes a base 41 and a support plate. 42. The interception grid 43 and the adjustment components, the automatic fish collection mechanism 5 are used to automatically collect and store fish, and the automatic fish collection mechanism 5 is set in the fish collection channel 3. This application realizes the non-destructive operation of fish collection in the fish channel, avoids the risk of fish suffocation caused by the accumulation of fish in the main channel, the adjustable interception structure can accurately capture target fish, reduce the accidental capture rate of non-target individuals, the automatic collection system reduces the intensity of manual operation, and improves the efficiency of fish collection. The whole set of devices completes scientific sampling while maintaining the normal use function of the fish channel, providing reliable technical support for ecological protection research.

[0037] Specifically, the base 41 is fixed to the outside of the fish collection channel 3 and located at the bottom of the downstream fish channel 2. The support plate 42 is fixed on the base 41. The interception grid 43 is slidably connected to the support plate 42. There are two interception grids 43. A slot is provided through the connection between the upstream fish channel 1 and the downstream fish channel 2. The two interception grids 43 are slidably connected in the slot and located on both sides of the partition.

[0038] Specifically, the upstream fishway 1 and the downstream fishway 2 form a continuous water flow channel through the height difference. The baffle divides the connection point into the main passage area and the fish collection area. When fish need to be retrieved, the adjustment component drives the two intercepting grids 43 to move along the channel opening in a staggered manner, cutting off the connection between the upstream fishway 1 and the downstream fishway 2, and opening the connection between the downstream fishway 2 and the fish collection channel 3. The blocked fish enter the fish collection channel 3, and the automatic fish collection mechanism 5 transports the fish to the storage device through the guide structure. The sliding adjustment function of the intercepting grids 43 can adjust whether the fish collection channel 3 is used or not as needed. When not retrieving fish, it can be completely lowered to restore the fishway to its unobstructed state.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment of the invention, the automatic fish collection mechanism 5 includes a guide plate 51, a fish filter 52, and a shifting assembly. One end of the guide plate 51 is fixed on the downstream fishway 2, and the other end is located inside the fish collection channel 3. The guide plate 51 is inclined. The fish filter 52 has an arc-shaped structure and is fixed inside the fish collection channel 3. This application can realize the directional guidance and automatic collection of fish, reduce the intensity of human intervention, avoid fish damage caused by human operation, and maintain the continuity of water flow in the fishway to ensure that uncollected fish can continue to complete their migration behavior.

[0040] Specifically, fish in the downstream fishway 2 enter the fish collection channel 3 along the inclined surface of the guide plate 51. The fish entering the fish collection channel 3 are blocked by the arc-shaped fish filter grid 52 and gather along the curved surface of the grid. The shifting component drives the shifting plate 58 to move back and forth along the surface of the fish filter grid through mechanical drive, shifting the gathered fish to the direction of the fish storage net box 55, realizing the automated process of fish from interception to transfer.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, a water collection pipe 53 is fixed on one side of the fish collection channel 3, and a fish outlet 54 is provided through the fish collection channel 3. The bottom end of the fish outlet 54 is located at the top of the water collection pipe 53, and one end of the fish filter grid 52 is fixed at the bottom of the fish outlet 54. A fish storage net box 55 is snapped into the top of the water collection pipe 53, and the bottom of the water collection pipe 53 is connected to the fish collection channel 3.

[0042] This application realizes the continuous automated collection and temporary storage of fish, solving the technical problems of low efficiency of manual operation and high fish damage rate. The detachable design of the fish storage net box 55 facilitates researchers to quickly transfer samples. The cooperative structure of the water collection pipe 53 and the fish outlet 54 ensures continuous water circulation and avoids stagnation. The curved interception characteristics of the fish filter grid control the water flow speed while ensuring the interception effect, effectively reducing the risk of fish collision damage.

[0043] Specifically, when fish enter the fish collection channel 3, the arc-shaped structure of the fish filter 52 guides the fish to the direction of the fish outlet 54. The fish filter 52 at the bottom of the fish outlet 54 serves as both an interception barrier and reduces the damage to the fish caused by the water flow through its curved structure. The fish storage net box 55 is fixed to the top opening of the water collection pipe 53 by a snap-fit ​​method. The fish fall directly into the net box through the fish outlet 54 for temporary storage. This structure achieves automatic fish collection through hydraulic drive, and the entire process from interception to storage can be completed without human intervention.

[0044] Reference Figure 5 Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the adjustment component includes a support frame 44, an adjustment plate 45, and a first docking plate 46. The support frame 44 is fixed on the base 41, the adjustment plate 45 is rotatably connected to the support frame 44, and the first docking plate 46 is fixed on the interception grid 43 and has a through-hole. One end of the adjustment plate 45 is slidably engaged in the through-hole. This application avoids the tedious operation of repeated manual adjustments through a mechanical linkage structure, and ensures adjustment accuracy through the linear correspondence between the rotation angle and the displacement, enabling the interception grid 43 to be quickly positioned according to different working conditions, effectively improving the fish interception efficiency and system adaptability.

[0045] Specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the position of the interception grid 43 in the slot, the operator can rotate the adjustment plate 45 through the drive device. When the adjustment plate 45 rotates around the rotation center on the support frame 44, its end slides relative to the strip slot, thereby driving the first docking plate 46 and the interception grid 43 fixed thereto to translate along the surface of the support plate 42. The length direction of the strip slot is consistent with the movement direction of the interception grid 43, so that the rotation angle of the adjustment plate 45 and the displacement of the interception grid 43 form a linear correspondence, thereby achieving precise control of the position of the interception grid 43. This mechanical linkage structure can adjust the two interception grids 43 synchronously and in opposite directions by rotating the adjustment plate, without the need to operate each interception grid 43 separately, effectively avoiding the positioning deviation problem of traditional manual adjustment.

[0046] The adjustment assembly also includes a linkage seat 47 and a second docking plate 48. The linkage seat 47 is slidably connected to the base 41, and the second docking plate 48 is vertically fixed to one end of the linkage seat 47. A rectangular slide groove is provided through the second docking plate 48, and the other end of the adjustment plate 45 is slidably engaged in the rectangular slide groove.

[0047] This application realizes the synchronous linkage control of the two interception gates 43 during the adjustment process of the interception mechanism 4, which simplifies the operation process and avoids the problem of asynchronous adjustment caused by step-by-step operation. At the same time, the trajectory constraint of the rectangular slide ensures the accuracy of the adjustment angle and improves the adjustment efficiency and reliability of the interception mechanism.

[0048] Specifically, when the linkage seat 47 is driven by an external force to slide laterally along the base 41, the second docking plate 48 moves synchronously with the linkage seat 47. At this time, one end of the adjusting plate 45 slides in the rectangular groove of the second docking plate 48, and the other end forms a sliding fit with the first docking plate 46 through the strip groove. The lateral displacement of the linkage seat 47 is converted into the rotational motion of the adjusting plate 45 through the rectangular groove of the second docking plate 48, so that the intercepting grid 43 can slide accordingly. In this process, the vertical constraint of the rectangular groove makes the rotation angle of the adjusting plate 45 and the displacement of the linkage seat 47 form a linear correspondence, thereby realizing the linkage control of the two intercepting grids 43.

[0049] The adjustment assembly also includes a limiting plate 49, a limiting groove 410, and a cylinder 411. The limiting plate 49 is slidably connected to the base 41 and is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the linkage seat 47. The limiting groove 410 is set on the limiting plate 49 and has a wave-shaped structure. The other end of the linkage seat 47 is slidably engaged in the limiting groove 410. The cylinder 411 is fixed to one side of the base 41, and the telescopic part of the cylinder 411 is fixed to the limiting plate 49.

[0050] Specifically, when the cylinder 411 drives the limiting plate 49 to move laterally, the end of the linkage seat 47 is constrained by the path of the wave-shaped limiting groove 410, generating a longitudinal displacement component. Since the wave-shaped contour of the limiting groove 410 has periodic undulation characteristics, the linkage seat 47 generates longitudinal reciprocating motion synchronously during the lateral movement. This composite motion is transmitted to the adjusting plate 45 through the second docking plate 48, causing the adjusting plate 45 to rotate around the support frame 44, thereby driving the first docking plate 46 and the intercepting grid 43 to be adjusted up and down along the groove. For each wave cycle that the linkage seat 47 moves, the intercepting grid 43 completes one height adjustment cycle.

[0051] This application realizes the automated dynamic adjustment of the position of the interception gate 43. Through the mechanical linkage structure, the linear motion of a single drive source is transformed into periodic height changes, enabling the interception gate 43 to form a dynamic barrier. The nonlinear design of the wave-shaped channel realizes the multi-level position locking function, thereby improving the precise control capability for fish interception.

[0052] The shifting assembly includes a positioning rod 56, a driven rod 57, and a fish-pulling plate 58. One end of the positioning rod 56 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fish collection channel 3. One end of the driven rod 57 is rotatably connected to the other end of the positioning rod 56. The fish-pulling plate 58 is fixed to the other end of the driven rod 57, and the fish-pulling plate 58 is provided with a comb-tooth structure and is offset from the fish filter grid 52.

[0053] This application realizes the automated directional transfer of fish, solving the technical problems of low efficiency of manual operation and fish stagnation and blockage. The design of the comb structure and the fish filter 52 ensures smooth water flow while driving the fish. The staggered layout avoids motion interference between mechanical parts. The motion conversion mechanism of the four-bar linkage ensures the regularity and controllability of the fish-pulling plate action, making the fish transfer process smooth and orderly.

[0054] Specifically, the positioning rod 56 forms a rotation fulcrum on the side wall of the fish collection channel 3 by rotational connection, which limits the movement path of the driven rod. During the movement, the comb structure of the fish-pushing plate 58 alternately inserts into the gap of the fish filter 52, applying a lateral thrust to the fish stuck on the surface of the fish filter 52, and pushing the fish to move in a predetermined direction. Since the fish-pushing plate 58 and the fish filter 52 are kept in a staggered setting, it can be reset in time after the pushing action is completed, so as to avoid obstructing the subsequent fish. This movement process is realized by mechanical linkage to achieve periodic reciprocation, continuously transferring the fish intercepted by the fish-pushing plate 58 into the fish storage net box 55.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the shifting assembly further includes a first transmission rod 59 and a driving rod 510. The first transmission rod 59 is rotatably connected to the fish collection channel 3, and one end of the driving rod 510 is fixed to the first transmission rod 59, while the other end is rotatably connected to the driven rod 57.

[0056] This application enables automated directional movement of fish, effectively solving the problem of low efficiency in manual operation, while avoiding stress reactions in fish caused by frequent contact, and providing a stable and reliable mechanized operation basis for subsequent scientific research sample collection.

[0057] Specifically, when the first transmission rod 59 rotates, the driving rod 510 moves in a circular motion with its eccentric end, which in turn drives the driven rod 57 to swing around the hinge point of the positioning rod 56. The swinging motion of the positioning rod 56 is transmitted to the fish-pulling plate 58, causing the comb structure to periodically sweep along the surface of the fish filter grid 52. Since the fish-pulling plate 58 and the fish filter grid 52 are staggered, structural interference between them is avoided. This linkage mechanism replaces manual operation with mechanical transmission, realizing the directional migration of fish in the fish collection channel 3.

[0058] In this embodiment of the application, a second transmission rod 512 is rotatably connected between one side of the upstream fishway 1 and the partition, and a blade 513 is fixed on the second transmission rod 512.

[0059] This application realizes the self-supplied operation of the power system during the fish passage fish retrieval process. The water flow driven transmission mechanism can automatically adjust the operating frequency according to the change of flow velocity, so that the fish collection action is dynamically matched with the fish throughput. While reducing manpower consumption, it improves collection efficiency. The continuous output of rotational power ensures that the fish-pulling plate 58 continuously cleans the fish on the surface of the fish filter screen 52, avoiding the fish retention phenomenon caused by the operation interval in the traditional method.

[0060] Specifically, when the water flow in the upstream fishway 1 passes through the baffle area, the water flow impacts the surface of the blade 513, generating thrust, which drives the second transmission rod 512 to rotate continuously around the axis. The rotational motion of the transmission rod is transmitted to the fish-collecting mechanism's shifting component through the pulley mechanism, causing the fish-shifting plate 58 to produce a periodic oscillating motion. This power transmission process relies entirely on natural water flow energy and does not require external electric or hydraulic drive devices, thus realizing continuous automated operation of the fish-collecting operation.

[0061] The first transmission rod 59 is coaxially fixed to one end of the fish collection channel 3 with a first pulley 511, and the second transmission rod 512 is coaxially fixed to one end with a second pulley 514. A belt 515 is provided between the first pulley 511 and the second pulley 514.

[0062] This application realizes the fully automatic operation of the fish-moving component during the fish passage fish retrieval process. The stagnation state of the fish at the fish filter screen 52 is monitored in real time and converted into a fish-moving action through mechanical transmission, which effectively prevents the passage blockage caused by fish accumulation. The overload slippage characteristic of the belt 515 drive avoids damage to mechanical parts caused by foreign objects blocking them, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system under complex working conditions.

[0063] When the upstream water flow impacts the blade 513 and drives the second transmission rod 512 to rotate, the second pulley 514 drives the first pulley 511 to rotate synchronously through the belt 515, so that the first transmission rod 511 drives the shifting component to perform periodic fish-pulling actions. This transmission system uses the natural kinetic energy of the water flow as a power source, and can realize the continuous cleaning of fish stuck on the surface of the fish filter screen 52 by the fish-pulling plate 58 without the need for an external energy device. The elastic characteristics of the belt drive can effectively buffer the impact load caused by the sudden change in water flow speed.

[0064] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station, characterized in that, include: An upstream fish passage (1) is connected to a downstream fish passage (2) on one side, and there is a height difference between the upstream fish passage (1) and the downstream fish passage (2). A partition is set parallel to the direction of water flow at the center of their connection. A fish collection passage (3) for collecting fish is set on one side of the partition. An interception mechanism (4) is used to intercept fish. The interception mechanism (4) is set at the connection between the upstream fish passage (1) and the downstream fish passage (2) and is located on the outside side of the fish collection passage (3). The interception mechanism (4) includes a base (41), a support plate (42), an interception grid (43) and an adjustment component. The base (41) is fixed on the outside side of the fish collection passage (3) and is located at the bottom of the downstream fish passage (2). The support plate (42) is fixed on the base (41). The interception grid (43) is slidably connected to the support plate (42). There are two interception grids (43). A slot is provided through the connection between the upstream fish passage (1) and the downstream fish passage (2). The two interception grids (43) are slidably connected in the slot and are located on both sides of the partition. Automatic fish collection mechanism (5) is used to automatically collect and store fish, and the automatic fish collection mechanism (5) is set in the fish collection channel (3).

2. The novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic fish collection mechanism (5) includes a guide plate (51), a fish filter (52) and a shifting assembly. One end of the guide plate (51) is fixed on the downstream fish channel (2), and the other end is located inside the fish collection channel (3). The guide plate (51) is inclined. The fish filter (52) has an arc-shaped structure and is fixed inside the fish collection channel (3).

3. The novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that, A water collection pipe (53) is fixed on one side of the fish collection channel (3), and a fish outlet (54) is provided through the fish collection channel (3). The bottom end of the fish outlet (54) is located at the top of the water collection pipe (53), and one end of the fish filter (52) is fixed at the bottom of the fish outlet (54). A fish storage net box (55) is snapped onto the top of the water collection pipe (53), and the bottom of the water collection pipe (53) is connected to the fish collection channel (3).

4. The novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a support frame (44), an adjustment plate (45), and a first docking plate (46). The support frame (44) is fixed on the base (41), the adjustment plate (45) is rotatably connected to the support frame (44), the first docking plate (46) is fixed on the interception grid (43) and has a through slot. One end of the adjustment plate (45) is slidably engaged in the slot.

5. The novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly also includes a linkage seat (47) and a second docking plate (48). The linkage seat (47) is slidably connected to the base (41). The second docking plate (48) is vertically fixed to one end of the linkage seat (47) and a rectangular sliding groove is provided through the second docking plate (48). The other end of the adjustment plate (45) is slidably engaged in the rectangular sliding groove.

6. A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly also includes a limiting plate (49), a limiting groove (410), and a cylinder (411). The limiting plate (49) is slidably connected to the base (41) and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the linkage seat (47). The limiting groove (410) is set on the limiting plate (49) and has a wave-shaped structure. The other end of the linkage seat (47) is slidably engaged in the limiting groove (410). The cylinder (411) is fixed on one side of the base (41), and the telescopic part of the cylinder (411) is fixed to the limiting plate (49).

7. A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shifting assembly includes a positioning rod (56), a driven rod (57), and a fish-pulling plate (58). One end of the positioning rod (56) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fish collection channel (3). One end of the driven rod (57) is rotatably connected to the other end of the positioning rod (56). The fish-pulling plate (58) is fixed to the other end of the driven rod (57), and the fish-pulling plate (58) is provided with a comb tooth structure and is offset from the fish filter (52).

8. A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shifting assembly also includes a first transmission rod (59) and an active rod (510). The first transmission rod (59) is rotatably connected in the fish collection channel (3). One end of the active rod (510) is fixed on the first transmission rod (59), and the other end is rotatably connected to the driven rod (57).

9. A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 8, characterized in that, A second transmission rod (512) is rotatably connected between one side of the upstream fishway (1) and the partition, and a blade (513) is fixed on the second transmission rod (512).

10. A novel fish passage structure for catching fish in a hydropower station according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first transmission rod (59) is coaxially fixed with a first pulley (511) at one end outside the fish collection channel (3), and the second transmission rod (512) is coaxially fixed with a second pulley (514) at one end. A belt (515) is provided between the first pulley (511) and the second pulley (514).

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