Anti-seismic device for building suspension non-structural component and assembling and using method of anti-seismic device

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-seismic device for a building suspension non-structural component and an assembling and using method of the anti-seismic device, relates to the technical field of building anti-seismic, and aims to solve the problems that an existing suspension non-structural component anti-seismic measure is unclear in triggering threshold value, prone to false triggering, low in energy dissipation efficiency and the like. The connection and input assembly is magnetically connected to the first side of the shell and detachably connected with the building suspension non-structural component so as to achieve first-stage seismic resistance; one end of the triggering and locking assembly is rotationally arranged at the end part of the connection and input assembly, and the other end of the triggering and locking assembly is in sliding fit with the energy storage and execution assembly and locks the energy storage and execution assembly; the energy storage and execution assembly is connected to the interior of the shell in a sliding mode and elastically connected with the connection and input assembly; and the energy consumption buffer unit is arranged on the second side of the shell, is connected with the energy storage and execution assembly and is used for deforming when the triggering and locking assembly is unlocked so as to realize second-stage shock resistance. The energy dissipation efficiency of the anti-seismic device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building seismic technology, specifically to a seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components of buildings and its assembly and usage methods. Background Technology

[0002] Suspended non-structural components refer to auxiliary components, electromechanical equipment, and systems that are connected to the main load-bearing structure of a building but do not participate in the load-bearing capacity of the main structure. Typical examples include ceiling systems (ceiling panels, main / edge joists, hangers, and connectors), lighting fixtures, air ducts and fire sprinkler lines, cable trays, and decorative panels. These components play an important role in the functional organization of building space, the operation of electromechanical systems, and indoor comfort. However, they are relatively lightweight, have many connection points, and are usually located at high altitudes. Once they detach, collide, or become unstable under earthquake conditions, they can easily cause secondary disasters and affect the building's usability and repair costs after an earthquake.

[0003] Existing seismic resistance measures for non-structural components of suspended buildings mainly include: installing seismic bracing or diagonal bracing on ceilings and electromechanical systems to improve overall rigidity; using seismic connectors, sliding connectors, or anti-loosening structures at joints to suppress loosening; installing flexible seismic strips, elastic clips, buffer pads, or reserving expansion joints between ceiling panels and edge joists, walls, or surrounding structures to reduce the risk of collisions between components; and for localized areas, the use of rubber buffer blocks, elastic gaskets, and spring limiters to absorb some vibration energy. While these measures can improve seismic safety under certain conditions, they still have shortcomings in engineering implementation and long-term service.

[0004] Specifically, firstly, existing seismic bracing, diagonal bracing, and specialized seismic connectors mostly rely on multi-node rigid structures for limiting and reinforcing, resulting in complex structures, high material and construction costs, strict requirements for installation space and construction precision, and often requiring on-site drilling, welding, or additional components. This can easily conflict with the integrated layout of pipelines in the concealed space of the ceiling, and may affect the decorative effect and later maintenance. Secondly, solutions using reserved expansion joints, sliding connectors, or elastic gaskets usually lack clear trigger thresholds and state switching mechanisms. Under daily micro-vibrations, wind vibrations, or equipment start-up and shutdown disturbances, relative slippage or repeated deformation of the elastic body may occur, causing abnormal noise, loosening, or fatigue aging. Under strong earthquake conditions, problems such as insufficient travel, rigid collisions still occurring, and concentrated stress at the edges are prone to occur, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve "normal stability" and "rapid response during earthquakes." Third, existing buffering and energy dissipation measures are mostly based on a single "force-buffering" logic of continuous force application, lacking independent and reliable locking and fast unlocking mechanisms. This results in a dispersed energy transfer path, and the energy dissipation efficiency is greatly affected by the rotation of connecting rods, sliding friction, and assembly tolerances. Seismic energy is consumed by friction inside the mechanism and converted into heat or local wear, making it difficult to efficiently introduce energy into specialized energy dissipation components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide an anti-seismic device for suspended non-structural components in buildings, along with its assembly and usage methods. Through the coordinated action of a magnetically repulsive trigger-unlocking locking mechanism and an elastic energy storage actuator, the device rapidly releases and drives the airbag to compress and dissipate energy when the seismic input reaches a threshold, achieving a state switching between constraint, unlocking, and energy dissipation, thereby reducing the risk of collision damage and detachment.

[0006] The main idea of ​​the technical solution adopted in this invention is to form a two-stage seismic resistance within the shell. The device is detachably connected to the suspended non-structural components via a connection and input component. Seismic displacement is input and drives the force transmission component to move directionally within the shell. The adhesive magnetic strips on both sides of the force transmission component cooperate with the magnetic strips on the inner wall of the shell to form pre-tightening positioning and flexible constraint, achieving primary buffering and stabilizing the initial state during the earthquake; simultaneously, the elastic energy storage unit stores elastic potential energy. Subsequently, the locking rod, driven by the force transmission component, moves along the limiting groove. When the first and second magnetic components reach the critical position, a magnetic repulsion torque is generated, causing the locking rod to quickly lift and disengage from the groove, instantly releasing the mechanical constraint on the displacement execution unit. After unlocking, the spring potential energy drives the displacement execution unit to output linear displacement, pushing the partition plate to compress the rear cavity airbag. The airbag efficiently dissipates seismic energy through material deformation and gas compression, achieving secondary buffering and reducing the risk of collision damage and detachment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components of a building, comprising: The housing has an internal mounting cavity; The connection and input components are magnetically connected to the first side of the housing and detachably connected to the non-structural components of the building suspension to achieve the first level of seismic resistance; The triggering and locking component has one end rotatably mounted at the end of the connection and input component, and the other end slides into and locks the energy storage and execution component. The energy storage and actuation components are slidably connected inside the housing and are elastically connected to the connection and input components; An energy-dissipating buffer unit, located on the second side of the housing and connected to the energy storage and actuation components, is used to deform when the triggering and locking components are released to achieve a second level of shock resistance; The first side of the shell is the side of the shell that is close to the non-structural components of the building suspension; The second side of the shell is the side of the shell away from the non-structural components suspended from the building.

[0008] Furthermore, the connection and input components include: a connector, which is detachably connected to a pre-drilled hole on a non-structural component of the suspended building; and a force transmission component, one end of which is connected to the connector, the other end of which is rotatably connected to a triggering and locking component, and elastically connected to an energy storage and actuation component.

[0009] Furthermore, the energy storage and execution component includes multiple sets of parallel flexible energy storage units. One end of each set of flexible energy storage units is elastically connected to the force transmission component, and the other end is connected to a displacement execution unit. The free end of the triggering and locking component is movably connected to the displacement execution unit. Each set of flexible energy storage units includes: Two guide rods are provided along the displacement output direction, one of which is connected to the force transmission component and the other is connected to the displacement execution unit; A spring is fitted around the outer periphery of the guide rod and elastically connected to it.

[0010] Furthermore, a limit slot is provided on the displacement execution unit, and a second magnetic element is provided at the end of the limit slot near the trigger and locking component.

[0011] Furthermore, the triggering and locking components include: The locking rod is rotatably connected to the force transmission component at one end, and is slidably connected to the limiting groove at the other end. The first magnetic component is located on the lower part of the locking rod near the limiting groove, and is magnetically repelled by the second magnetic component.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy-consuming buffer component includes: A partition plate is slidably disposed within the housing to divide the mounting cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and one side of the partition plate is connected to the displacement actuator. The air bladder is non-rigidly connected to the posterior cavity and is spindle-shaped.

[0013] Furthermore, two first adhesive magnetic strips are spaced apart on each of the two opposite sides of the inner wall of the housing, and second adhesive magnetic strips are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the connector. The first adhesive magnetic strips and the second adhesive magnetic strips are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0014] Another objective of this invention is to provide an assembly method for an anti-seismic device for suspended non-structural components in buildings. S1: Based on the calculated pre-collision kinetic energy E k Maximum collision force constraint Determine the initial inflation pressure, volume, and effective contact area of ​​the airbag, design the airbag, and install it in the rear cavity of the housing; S2: Based on the initial inflation pressure, volume, effective contact area, and maximum impact force of the airbag. Determine the elastic parameters of the spring, design the spring, and install the spring in the front cavity of the housing. One end of the spring is connected to the force transmission component, and the other end is connected to the displacement actuator. S3: A partition plate is installed between the airbag and the displacement actuator. A slide rail is made on the bottom wall of the housing, and the bottom of the partition plate is movably connected in the slide groove. S4: A limiting groove is made on the surface of the displacement actuator. One end of the locking rod is rotatably connected to the force transmission component, and the other end is movably connected in the limiting groove. The second magnetic component and the first magnetic component are respectively installed on the opposite surfaces of the limiting groove and the locking rod. S5: Two sets of first adhesive magnetic strips are installed on the inner walls of both sides of the housing, and second adhesive magnetic strips are installed on the opposite sides of the force transmission component. S6: Fix the housing to the periphery of the suspended non-structural building component, and detachably connect the connector to the reserved hole on the non-structural building component to put the device in a locked standby state.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, determining the initial inflation pressure, volume, and effective contact area of ​​the airbag includes the following steps: S101: Calculate the initial collision velocity of the ceiling panel , ; in, This represents the seismic velocity response spectrum value. For site coefficient, The period of natural vibration of the ceiling panel and satisfying <0.1s, This represents the maximum value of the horizontal earthquake influence coefficient. S102: Based on the initial collision velocity Calculate the kinetic energy E before collision, given the mass m of the non-structural component of the suspended building. k , ; S103: Determine the permissible collision force threshold based on the load-bearing capacity of the non-structural components of the suspended building. ,in ; S104: Establish maximum collision force constraints ; in, This represents the maximum compression of the airbag. S105: Combining maximum collision force constraints and the kinetic energy E before the collision k Determine the equivalent gas stiffness of the airbag ,in, ; S106: Initial airbag inflation pressure is met. Take the maximum value, and we get ;Will Substitution In the middle, get ; S107: Establish the relationship between the initial volume and structural dimensions of the airbag = ,in For contact area, This represents the initial thickness of the airbag.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for using a seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components in buildings, comprising the following steps: S1: Arrange the shell at the boundary position corresponding to the suspended non-structural component of the building, so that the first side of the shell faces the suspended non-structural component of the building, and fix the shell to the mounting base. S2: The connector connecting the input component is detachably connected to the reserved hole on the non-structural component of the suspended building, so that the locking rod is fitted into the limiting groove of the displacement actuator. S3: Under non-earthquake conditions, the connector remains positioned under the magnetic cooperation of the first and second adhesive magnetic strips, the displacement actuator is restricted from movement under the constraint of the locking rod, and the device remains in standby state. S4: Under the action of earthquake, the non-structural components of the suspended building generate relative displacement and are transmitted to the force transmission components. The force transmission components move relative to the shell from the outer first adhesive magnetic strip to the inner first adhesive magnetic strip. At the same time, the spring is compressed to store energy, realizing the first level of buffering. S5: When the force transmission component moves to the vicinity of the first backing magnetic strip on the inner side, the first magnetic element on the locking rod and the second magnetic element in the limiting groove generate magnetic repulsion, causing the locking rod to disengage from the limiting groove and release the lock; at the same time, the displacement execution unit pushes the partition plate to move to the rear cavity and squeezes the airbag. The airbag absorbs and dissipates seismic energy through deformation and internal gas compression, realizing the second level of seismic buffer.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By setting a triggering and locking component inside the housing, the locking rod and the limiting groove form a reliable mechanical constraint under non-earthquake conditions. The magnetic repulsion force generated by the opposite poles of the first and second magnetic components is used to set a clear trigger threshold, so that the device can quickly unlock when the earthquake-dominant displacement input reaches the preset stroke, instantly releasing the mechanical constraint on the displacement execution unit. This effectively avoids malfunctions caused by micro-vibrations, wind vibrations, or equipment start-up and shutdown disturbances, and improves the anti-false triggering capability and operational stability.

[0018] 2. By using the elastic energy storage unit composed of guide rod and spring to cooperate with the linear guidance of the displacement execution unit, the seismic input is effectively converted into elastic potential energy storage in the locked state. After unlocking, it is quickly released and outputs a stable linear displacement, reducing energy loss caused by friction and assembly deviation, ensuring a clear force transmission path, fast response speed, and good output consistency, thereby improving energy transmission efficiency and the overall seismic performance of the device.

[0019] 3. Through the magnetic interaction between the second adhesive magnetic strips on both sides of the force transmission component and the first adhesive magnetic strip on the inner wall of the shell, the force transmission component is provided with pre-tightening positioning and flexible constraint, forming a first-level buffer in the early stage of an earthquake and reducing rigid collisions and stress concentration. After unlocking, the displacement actuator pushes the partition plate to squeeze the rear cavity airbag. The airbag absorbs and dissipates energy through the deformation of the flexible material and the compression / expansion of the internal gas, realizing the second-level energy dissipation buffer. The airbag adopts a non-rigid setting that can adapt to multi-directional relative displacement, further reducing the risk of damage and fall of non-structural components such as ceilings, and facilitating post-earthquake reset and maintenance. At the same time, the key parameters of the airbag are calculated and determined based on earthquake parameters to meet the allowable collision force threshold and ensure the energy dissipation buffer effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and input components of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage and execution component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the invention and the ceiling structure; The components include: 1. Housing; 11. First adhesive magnetic strip; 12. Slide rail; 13. Slide groove; 2. Connection and input assembly; 21. Connector; 22. Force transmission component; 221. Second adhesive magnetic strip; 3. Trigger and locking assembly; 31. Locking rod; 32. First magnetic component; 4. Energy storage and execution assembly; 41. Elastic energy storage unit; 411. Guide rod; 412. Spring; 42. Displacement execution unit; 421. Limiting groove; 422. Second magnetic component; 5. Energy dissipation buffer assembly; 51. Divider plate; 52. Airbag; 53. Angle steel; 54. Main keel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] The inventors discovered that suspended non-structural components of buildings are prone to large relative displacements under seismic loads and may collide with or detach from surrounding components. The collisions between the edges of components such as ceiling panels and boundary structures such as edge joists / walls are particularly severe, with concentrated impacts that are difficult to completely avoid through conventional reinforcement. At the same time, existing buffering or limiting schemes are mostly in a continuous stress-continuous buffering mode, lacking a clear trigger threshold. Small displacements caused by daily micro-vibrations or equipment start-ups and shutdowns can also cause repeated deformation of elastic components, resulting in low energy transfer efficiency, high probability of false triggering, and rapid long-term fatigue aging. Furthermore, some seismic-resistant structures have high requirements for construction precision and installation space, affecting aesthetics and increasing maintenance costs. Example

[0023] See Figures 1-8 This application discloses a seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components in buildings and its assembly and usage method, including a housing 1. The housing 1 has a box-shaped structure, and its interior forms an installation cavity for accommodating various functional modules. The housing 1 is made of austenitic stainless steel; preferably, the housing 1 has a bottom wall and side walls surrounding the bottom wall circumferentially, the side walls are enclosed on three sides, and there is no enclosed surface on the side facing the suspended non-structural component in the building. The interior of the housing 1 forms an installation cavity with a predetermined length direction.

[0024] Preferably, two first adhesive magnetic strips 11 are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the housing 1, and the first adhesive magnetic strips 11 are arranged at intervals along the length of the housing 1; the first adhesive magnetic strips 11 on the inner walls of the two sides are symmetrically arranged in space. Among them, the first adhesive magnetic strip 11 on the outer side is located on the inner wall of the outer edge of the housing 1 near the side where the non-structural components of the building are suspended, and is used to provide magnetic positioning and primary buffering for the force transmission component 22; the first adhesive magnetic strip 11 on the inner side is located on the inner wall of the housing 1 near the unlocking stroke of the trigger and locking assembly 3, specifically corresponding to the movement path area of ​​the locking rod 31 when it lifts up from the preset trigger position and disengages from the limiting groove 421, so that when the force transmission component 22 moves to this position, a trigger displacement reference is formed and the magnetic repulsion unlocking process is stable and controllable. Moreover, the installation position of the first adhesive magnetic strip 11 maintains a lateral distance of 1 to 2 cm from the axis position of the guide rod 411.

[0025] Preferably, the connection and input component 2 is disposed on the first side of the housing 1, and is used to achieve a detachable connection with the suspended non-structural components of the building and to introduce the displacement or inertial force generated under the seismic action into the interior of the housing 1; the connection and input component 2 includes a connector 21 and a force transmission component 22, wherein the connector 21 preferably adopts a "U" shaped handle structure, the connector 21 includes two vertical rods parallel to the movement direction of the force transmission component 22 and a horizontal rod perpendicular to the movement direction of the force transmission component 22, and the vertical rods and the horizontal rod are detachably connected by bolts or other components.

[0026] like Figure 8 As shown, taking the ceiling structure as an example, the shell 1 is fixedly installed on the angle steel 53, and the connector 21 passes through the reserved slot on the main keel 54. Specifically, the horizontal bar passes through the reserved slot on the main keel 54 and is then assembled with the vertical bar on both sides by bolts to realize the quick assembly and disassembly between the device and the non-structural components of the suspended building. Preferably, a connector 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the force transmission member 22. The fixed connection can be welding or bolting to ensure structural strength while facilitating assembly and maintenance. The force transmission member 22 is a rectangular cross-section metal transverse force transmission member, with its length direction slightly smaller than the width of the shell 1. Under seismic action, the force transmission member 22 can move relative to the shell 1 in a predetermined direction. Second adhesive magnetic strips 221 are respectively provided on the opposite side walls of the force transmission member 22. The second adhesive magnetic strips 221 are fixed to the side wall surface of the force transmission member 22 through the adhesive layer, and the force transmission member 22 abuts against the inner wall of the shell 1 when the second adhesive magnetic strips 221 are assembled.

[0027] Preferably, the first adhesive magnetic strip 11 disposed on the inner wall of the housing 1 and the second adhesive magnetic strip 221 disposed on the side wall of the force transmission member 22 and the locking-related components are magnetically attracted in the assembled state, thereby forming a continuous magnetic pre-tightening constraint on the force transmission member 22 and its driven locking rod 31 and displacement execution unit 42 under non-earthquake conditions. This magnetic pre-tightening force keeps the components in a stable initial relative position within the housing 1, effectively suppressing minor displacements caused by ceiling operation vibration, equipment start-up and shutdown, or environmental disturbances, preventing components from loosening or generating ineffective movements, and providing a clear and reliable initial mechanical state for the triggering and locking assembly 3.

[0028] When an earthquake occurs and the non-structural components of the suspended building undergo relative displacement, which is transmitted to the interior of the shell 1 via the connector 21 and the force transmission component 22, the force transmission component 22 moves inward toward the shell 1 in the initial stage of the earthquake. The magnetic attraction between the first adhesive magnetic strip 11 and the second adhesive magnetic strip 221 provides a reverse buffering force during this movement, thereby slowing down the initial propulsion speed of the force transmission component 22, reducing the instantaneous impact load on the spring 412 and guide rod 411 in the elastic energy storage unit 41, and avoiding local stress concentration caused by rigid collisions. At the same time, the magnetic connection has a certain degree of flexibility, allowing the force transmission component 22 and its connecting parts to undergo small-amplitude multi-directional relative displacement within a limited range, and working in conjunction with the elastic deformation of the spring 412 to participate in the initial dissipation of earthquake energy and optimize the mechanical transmission path.

[0029] Furthermore, since the magnetic connection formed by the first adhesive magnetic strip 11 and the second adhesive magnetic strip 221 can replace part of the rigid fastening connection, it can significantly reduce the risk of stress concentration at the connection point under the action of seismic cyclic loading, and reduce the probability of fatigue damage or fracture caused by repeated stress. After the earthquake, the reversibility of the magnetic connection allows each component to automatically return to a position close to the initial mechanical position under the action of magnetic force, reducing the impact of secondary stress on the device, facilitating device reset and continued use, thereby improving the stability, durability and reusability of the overall earthquake-resistant device.

[0030] Preferably, the energy storage and execution component 4 is arranged in the mounting cavity of the housing 1 and forms an elastic connection with the connection and input component 2, while cooperating with the triggering and locking component 3: when the device is in a locked constraint state, the connection and input component 2 transmits the displacement or inertial force generated by the suspended non-structural components of the building under the action of earthquake to the energy storage and execution component 4, so that the energy storage and execution component 4 completes elastic energy storage and remains in a state of waiting to be released; when the triggering and locking component 3 releases the locking constraint on the energy storage and execution component 4, the energy storage and execution component 4 releases the pre-stored elastic potential energy and generates displacement output in a predetermined direction to drive the subsequent energy-consuming buffer structure to work.

[0031] Preferably, the energy storage and execution component 4 is composed of two sets of parallel-arranged elastic energy storage units 41. The two sets of elastic energy storage units 41 are arranged side by side in the displacement output direction within the housing 1 to improve the force symmetry of the device and reduce the risk of off-center loading and jamming during the movement of the displacement execution unit 42. One end of each set of elastic energy storage units 41 is elastically connected to the force transmission component 22, and the other end is connected to the displacement execution unit 42. This allows the propulsion displacement generated by the force transmission component 22 under seismic action to synchronously compress the two sets of elastic energy storage units 41 and store elastic potential energy, thereby providing a stable linear driving force for the displacement execution unit 42 after triggering unlocking.

[0032] Preferably, each set of elastic energy storage units 41 includes a guide rod 411 and a spring 412. Two guide rods 411 are arranged coaxially along the displacement output direction. One guide rod 411 is fixedly connected to the force transmission component 22, and the other guide rod 411 is fixedly connected to the displacement execution unit 42 to guide the movement of the displacement execution unit 42 and limit its lateral sway. The fixed connection can be achieved by welding, bolting, or integral molding. The spring 412 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod 411 and elastically connects the two guide rods 411, thereby forming a compressible energy storage elastic connection structure.

[0033] In this embodiment, the spring 412 has 20 turns. The spring stiffness is relatively small and the number of turns is small, so the energy loss caused by internal friction and friction during the energy storage and release process of the spring 412 is relatively small and can be approximately ignored. Thus, the main kinetic energy generated by the earthquake input is transmitted through the displacement execution unit 42 after unlocking and dissipated by the rear cavity airbag.

[0034] Preferably, the displacement actuator 42 is slidably disposed in the mounting cavity of the housing 1. A groove 13 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 along its length direction. A slider is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the displacement actuator 42. The slider is embedded in the groove 13, so that the displacement actuator 42 slides linearly back and forth in a predetermined direction under the guidance of the groove 13, while restricting its lateral offset and tilting, thereby ensuring that the displacement output direction is stable when the elastic energy storage unit 41 releases energy and reducing the risk of motion jamming.

[0035] Preferably, a limiting groove 421 is provided on the upper part of the displacement execution unit 42. A second magnetic element 422 is provided inside the end of the limiting groove 421 near the trigger and locking component 3. The second magnetic element 422 is used to form a magnetic repulsion engagement with the first magnetic element on the locking rod 31, so that the locking rod 31 obtains the unlocking driving force and disengages from the limiting groove 421 when the displacement reaches the preset stroke, thereby ensuring that the energy storage release and energy consumption buffering process can be triggered quickly and reliably.

[0036] Preferably, the triggering and locking assembly 3 is disposed within the mounting cavity of the housing 1, and is used to lock and constrain the displacement execution unit 42 under non-earthquake conditions, and to quickly unlock when the earthquake input reaches a preset stroke. The triggering and locking assembly 3 includes a locking rod 31 and a first magnetic element 32. One end of the locking rod 31 is rotatably connected to the force transmission member 22 through a rotating shaft and a pin, so that the locking rod 31 can generate relative displacement as the force transmission member 22 advances. The other end of the locking rod 31 extends into the limiting groove 421 on the upper part of the displacement execution unit 42 and engages with the limiting groove 421 and can slide relative to the limiting groove 421, thereby restricting the forward movement of the displacement execution unit 42 in the initial standby state and suppressing the erroneous displacement of the elastic energy storage unit 41 caused by pre-tightening or micro-vibration.

[0037] Preferably, the first magnetic component 32 is fixedly disposed at the lower part of the locking rod 31 near the limiting groove 421, and the second magnetic component 422 is disposed at the end of the limiting groove 421. In the assembled state, the two components are opposite to each other with the same pole and form a magnetic repulsion fit. In the non-triggered state, the locking rod 31 engages with the limiting groove 421 to form a mechanical constraint, keeping the displacement execution unit 42 in its initial position and suppressing ineffective displacement. When an earthquake occurs, the inertial force of the suspended non-structural component is transmitted to the force transmission component 22 through the connection and input components. The force transmission component 22 pushes the locking rod 31 to generate a directional relative displacement along the direction of the limiting groove 421. When the distance between the first magnetic component 32 and the second magnetic component 422 shrinks to a preset critical position, the magnetic repulsion force rapidly increases and generates a lifting force or rotational torque pointing in the unlocking direction. This magnetic repulsion force, as the triggering driving force, quickly overcomes the engagement friction and contact resistance between the locking rod 31 and the limiting groove 421, causing the locking rod 31 to lift up and disengage from the limiting groove 421, thereby instantly releasing the mechanical constraint of the locking rod 31 on the displacement execution unit 42. This realizes the directional triggering process of external force input—displacement transmission—magnetic repulsion unlocking. The trigger threshold is clear, the response speed is fast, and it is more sensitive to the horizontal thrust dominated by earthquakes, which is beneficial to reducing malfunctions caused by daily micro-vibrations.

[0038] After the lock is released, the displacement actuator 42 is no longer constrained. The elastic potential energy released by the elastic energy storage unit 41 can be converted into the kinetic energy of the displacement actuator 42 with almost no loss and drive its output displacement, thereby pushing the partition plate to squeeze the airbag to achieve energy consumption buffering. Since the unlocking process is mainly completed by magnetic force and the contact is non-rigid friction, the mechanical loss is small, so that the energy can be efficiently transferred along the path of "elastic energy storage unit - displacement actuator - airbag" and finally dissipated by the airbag.

[0039] Preferably, the energy-dissipating buffer component 5 is arranged on the second side of the housing 1 and on the displacement output path of the energy storage and execution component 4. It is used to be directly acted upon and undergo controllable deformation when the displacement execution unit 42 releases elastic potential energy to generate linear displacement, thereby absorbing, dispersing and dissipating seismic energy to reduce the seismic response of suspended non-structural components of the building. The energy-dissipating buffer component 5 includes a partition plate 51 and an airbag 52. The partition plate 51 is slidably disposed in the mounting cavity of the housing 1 and divides the mounting cavity along the length direction to form a front cavity and a rear cavity. Specifically, the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with two parallel slide rails 12, which extend along the length direction of the housing 1 and are arranged opposite to each other. The bottom of the partition plate 51 is correspondingly provided with a slider or sliding flange, which is embedded in the slide rail 12, so that the partition plate 51 can slide linearly along the length direction of the housing 1 under the guidance of the slide rail 12, while limiting the lateral swing and warping deformation of the partition plate 51.

[0040] Preferably, the force-facing side of the partition plate 51 is fixedly connected to the displacement actuator 42, so that when the displacement actuator 42 moves to the second side of the housing 1 after unlocking, it can push the partition plate 51 to slide relative to the displacement actuator 42 and transmit the force to the rear cavity. The airbag 52 is set in the rear cavity. The airbag 52 is made of flexible polymer airtight material and is preferably long and spindle-shaped, so that it has a large compressible stroke and stable deformation recovery ability when under pressure. The airbag 52 is non-rigidly fixed in the rear cavity, that is, the airbag 52 does not form a rigid fastening connection with the housing 1 or the partition plate 51, but is placed in the rear cavity by abutting, limiting and accommodating or locally flexible constraint. Thus, when the earthquake causes multi-directional relative displacement, the airbag 52 can adaptively adjust its position in the rear cavity and dissipate energy through the elastic deformation of the material and the compression / expansion of the internal gas, thereby reducing the instantaneous impact force and improving the buffer stability.

[0041] The entire device provides seismic protection for non-structural components through its built-in airbags. The relationship between the design parameters of the built-in airbags and seismic parameters can be calculated using the following method (deriving the formula using a suspended ceiling system as an example), employing the maximum horizontal seismic influence coefficient for frequent earthquakes as specified in the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings". Characterizes the intensity of earthquake action; Ceiling panels embody rigidity. Power amplification factor The edge keel is a fixed constraint, and the displacement generated after colliding with the ceiling is negligible. Although the invention is equipped with a spring, the spring K is small and the number of turns is small.

[0042] The mechanical mechanism of spring 412 is as follows: 1. High-efficiency conversion mechanism of elastic energy storage: During an earthquake, the relative displacement of the suspended non-structural components is transmitted through the force transmission components, which pushes the spring 412 to compress. At this time, the "low stiffness and few turns" design of the spring 412 can reduce elastic internal loss and friction loss, so that the kinetic energy input by the earthquake is converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring with almost no loss, avoiding the waste of energy of the earthquake input device in the energy storage stage.

[0043] 2. Unconstrained energy release mechanism after unlocking: After the magnetic repulsion triggers the locking rod 31 to quickly disengage from the slot, the displacement execution unit 42 is released from mechanical constraints. The elastic potential energy of the spring 412 is instantly converted into the kinetic energy of the displacement execution unit 42. In addition, the axial guiding effect of the guide rod 411 eliminates the lateral load and jamming, so that the kinetic energy is completely converted into the axial thrust, which directly acts on the partition plate 51.

[0044] 3. Mechanical guarantee mechanism of structural guidance: The guide constraint of the bottom groove of the shell 1 on the displacement actuator 42 and the partition plate 51 ensures that the thrust is always transmitted along the axial direction without lateral force loss; the symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of parallel springs 412 balances the off-center load, avoids the actuator jamming, and ensures that the thrust acts smoothly on the partition plate 51, and is finally efficiently transmitted to the airbag 52 and causes it to undergo controllable deformation.

[0045] 4. There is a clear mechanical matching relationship between the spring release force and the initial reaction force of the airbag. The specific formula derivation is as follows: According to assembly method steps S103-S106: Permissible collision force threshold: Initial inflation pressure of the airbag: Initial reaction force of the airbag: That is, the initial reaction force of the airbag is equal to the permissible collision force threshold.

[0046] Spring energy storage stage: seismic energy It is completely converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring. Spring energy release phase: The spring's elastic potential energy is completely converted into axial propulsive force. Combined with the maximum reaction force generated when the airbag is compressed ( (This is the maximum compression of the airbag) And because , We can obtain: The core resistance that the spring needs to overcome when pushing the displacement actuator is the initial reaction force of the airbag. As mentioned above, the parallel and symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of springs and the axial constraint of the guide rod further ensure that the thrust released by the spring has no lateral loss. Further integration (The derivation here can be seen below) and the equivalent stiffness of the airbag gas , The gas adiabatic index (taken as air) ); We can obtain: Therefore, it can be seen that the spring release force is greater than the initial reaction force of the airbag, ensuring that the spring energy release is not only reasonable in terms of efficiency, but also able to overcome the airbag and system resistance in terms of magnitude, thus achieving effective driving.

[0047] 5. The spring parameters are calculated based on the direction and matching of the airbag parameters. The specific formula derivation is as follows: As can be seen from the preceding text: Permissible collision force threshold: Initial inflation pressure of the airbag: Initial reaction force of the airbag: That is, the initial reaction force of the airbag is equal to the permissible collision force threshold.

[0048] Earthquake energy It is completely converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring. Maximum thrust of the spring = Therefore , and then combine We can obtain: and , Substituting into the above equation, we can obtain That is, spring Equal to the maximum compression of the airbag; Then Substitution have to: i.e., spring stiffness Equivalent stiffness of airbag gas The values ​​are equal. Therefore, the spring parameters are determined by inverse calculation based on parameters such as the equivalent stiffness of the airbag and the maximum compression. Furthermore, because spring 412 has a smaller K value and fewer turns, all the kinetic energy generated by the earthquake is dissipated by the airbag. First calculate the initial collision velocity of the ceiling panel. The seismic velocity response spectrum value is ,Right now ( For site coefficient, The natural vibration period of the ceiling panel ( <0.1); the velocity of the ceiling panel before impact is ,Right now Substitute , and take (Rigid ceiling system), i.e. ; Calculate the kinetic energy of the ceiling panel before it collides with the seismic device. Kinetic energy formula: ,in For the quality of the suspended ceiling, The initial collision velocity of the ceiling panel; and ,Right now ; Calculate the airbag cushioning force The cushioning force of an airbag consists of the elastic force of the gas in the airbag and the damping force of the airbag material. ,in The gas stiffness of the airbag ( ) The damping coefficient of the airbag ( ) The amount of compression deformation of the airbag ( ); The compression speed of the airbag ( ); Since it is assumed that the ceiling panel and the present invention will not produce significant displacement of the edge keel after the collision, it is approximately considered that the momentum between the present invention and the ceiling panel is conserved, that is, the conservation equation is as follows: in For the quality of this invention; The velocity of the present invention after the collision is ( ); This represents the maximum compression of the airbag. Energy is conserved within the airbag, therefore the conservation equation is: Airbag elastic strain energy Damping dissipation energy ; The core design parameters of an airbag include inflation pressure. Effective contact area Initial volume Gas stiffness The damping coefficient of the airbag ; Initial inflation pressure of the airbag It is necessary to balance the deformation of the ceiling panels under normal working conditions with the impact requirements during earthquakes. ,in To determine the permissible impact force for the ceiling panel, take 3 to 5 times its own weight. ,in ; Gas stiffness , , The gas adiabatic index (taken as air) =1.4). Initial volume of airbag ,in = ,in For contact area, This represents the initial thickness of the airbag. airbag damping coefficient , ,in =0.3 / 0.5; The maximum impact force that the airbag can withstand Therefore ( ) Furthermore, the airbag is made of lightweight, flexible polymer material. The value of is negligible, therefore ; Since the kinetic energy is completely dissipated by the airbag, and the elastic strain energy of the airbag... , Take the maximum value, that is Therefore ; Furthermore, all the kinetic energy generated by the earthquake on the ceiling panel is dissipated by the airbags, therefore Right now Further sorting yielded: ; Therefore, we can conclude that: There are also Take the maximum value, that is Substituting into the above equation, we get: According to the above formula, we can obtain: The relationship between the initial volume of the wall airbag and the seismic parameters can be calculated using the above formula.

[0049] In this embodiment, the working process of the device under seismic action can be divided into three stages, and the overall mechanical state switches from constraint to unlocking to energy consumption.

[0050] The first stage (primary buffering and energy storage locking stage): The earthquake causes relative displacement or inertial force to the non-structural components suspended in the building. The displacement or inertial force is transmitted to the force transmission component 22 through the connector 21 of the connection and input component 2. The force transmission component 22 is pushed into the installation cavity along the length direction in the shell 1. During the pushing process, the second adhesive magnetic strips 221 set on both sides of the force transmission component 22 are magnetically engaged with the first adhesive magnetic strips 11 on the inner wall of the shell 1, providing magnetic positioning and flexible constraint for the force transmission component 22, forming an initial buffer and reducing the risk of rigid collision, thereby achieving the first level of seismic buffering. At the same time, the force transmission component 22 drives the elastic energy storage unit 41 of the energy storage and execution component 4 to be compressed, and the spring 412 sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod 411 is compressed to store elastic potential energy. At this time, the locking rod 31 of the triggering and locking component 3 is still embedded in the limiting groove 421 on the upper part of the displacement execution unit 42, forming a mechanical constraint on the displacement execution unit 42, keeping the displacement execution unit 42 in the position to be released and avoiding invalid displacement in the non-triggered state.

[0051] The second stage (magnetic repulsion trigger unlocking stage): As the force transmission component 22 continues to advance inward, the locking rod 31, which is rotatably connected to the force transmission component 22, undergoes directional relative displacement along the direction of the limiting groove 421 and gradually approaches the end area of ​​the limiting groove 421; when the first magnetic element 32 on the locking rod 31 and the second magnetic element 422 at the end of the limiting groove 421 reach the preset relative position, magnetic repulsion is generated due to the same poles of the two, and the magnetic repulsion provides the locking rod 31 with a lifting component or rotational torque pointing towards disengaging from the limiting groove 421, quickly overcoming the interlocking friction and contact resistance between the locking rod 31 and the limiting groove 421, causing the locking rod 31 to rise and disengage from the limiting groove 421, thereby instantly releasing the mechanical constraint of the locking rod 31 on the displacement execution unit 42 and completing the triggering.

[0052] The third stage (execution and secondary energy dissipation stage): After the locking constraint is released, the spring 412 releases elastic potential energy to drive the displacement execution unit 42 to move forward rapidly along the axial direction under the guidance of the guide rod 411 and output displacement. The displacement execution unit 42 drives the partition plate 51 connected to it to slide in the shell 1 and move towards the rear cavity, so that the airbag 52 in the rear cavity is squeezed and deformed. The airbag 52 absorbs and dissipates seismic energy through the deformation of flexible materials and the internal gas compression / expansion process, realizing the second-level seismic buffer and reducing instantaneous impact. At the same time, the airbag 52 adopts a non-rigid setting in the rear cavity, which can adaptively adjust its position during the compression process to adapt to the multi-directional relative displacement caused by the earthquake, thereby further improving the stability and reliability of energy dissipation buffer.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components in buildings, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has an internal mounting cavity; The connection and input component (2) is magnetically connected to the first side of the housing (1) and detachably connected to the building suspension non-structural component to achieve the first level of seismic resistance; The triggering and locking component (3) has one end rotatably mounted at the end of the connection and input component (2), and the other end slides and locks the energy storage and execution component (4); The energy storage and execution component (4) is slidably connected inside the housing (1) and elastically connected to the connection and input component (2); An energy-consuming buffer component (5) is disposed on the second side of the housing (1) and connected to the energy storage and execution component (4) for deforming when the triggering and locking component (3) is unlocked to achieve a second level of seismic resistance; Among them, the first side of the shell (1) is the side of the shell (1) that is close to the non-structural component of the building suspension; The second side of the shell (1) is the side of the shell (1) away from the non-structural components of the building suspension.

2. The seismic resisting device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection and input component (2) includes: Connector (21) is detachably connected to the non-structural components of the suspended building; The force transmission component (22) is connected at one end to the connector (21), and at the other end is rotatably connected to the triggering and locking component (3), and is elastically connected to the energy storage and execution component (4).

3. The seismic resisting device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage and execution component (4) includes multiple sets of parallel elastic energy storage units (41). One end of each set of elastic energy storage units (41) is elastically connected to the force transmission component (22), and the other end is connected to the displacement execution unit (42). The free end of the triggering and locking component (3) is movably connected to the displacement execution unit (42). Each set of flexible energy storage units (41) includes: Two guide rods (411) are provided along the displacement output direction. One of them is connected to the force transmission component (22), and the other is connected to the displacement execution unit (42). A spring (412) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod (411) and elastically connected thereto.

4. The seismic resisting device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limit slot (421) is provided on the displacement execution unit (42), and a second magnetic element (422) is provided at one end of the limit slot (421) near the trigger and lock assembly (3).

5. A seismic resisting device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The triggering and locking component (3) includes: The locking rod (31) is rotatably connected to the force transmission component (22) at one end, and is fitted and slidably connected to the limiting groove (421) at the other end; The first magnetic element (32) is located on the lower part of the locking rod (31) near the limiting groove (421) and is magnetically repelled by the second magnetic element (422).

6. A seismic resisting device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-consuming buffer component (5) includes: The partition plate (51) is slidably disposed in the housing (1) to divide the mounting cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and one side of it is connected to the displacement actuator (42). The airbag (52) is non-rigidly connected to the rear cavity of the shell (1) and is spindle-shaped.

7. A seismic resisting device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two first adhesive magnetic strips (11) are provided at intervals on the two opposite sides of the inner wall of the housing (1), and second adhesive magnetic strips (221) are provided on the opposite sides of the force transmission component (22). The first adhesive magnetic strips (11) and the second adhesive magnetic strips (221) are magnetically attracted to each other.

8. The assembly method of a seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components of a building according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: S1: Based on calculation of pre-collision kinetic energy Maximum collision force constraint Determine the initial inflation pressure, volume and effective contact area of ​​the airbag (52), design the airbag (52) and install it in the rear cavity of the shell (1) after (52) is inserted; S2: Based on the initial inflation pressure, volume, effective contact area, and maximum impact force constraints of the airbag (52) Determine the elastic parameters of the spring (412), design the spring (412), and install the spring (412) in the front cavity of the housing (1). One end of the spring (412) is connected to the force transmission component (22), and the other end is connected to the displacement execution unit (42). S3: Install a partition plate (51) between the airbag (52) and the displacement actuator (42), and make a slide rail (12) on the bottom wall of the housing (1). The bottom of the partition plate (51) is movably connected in the slide groove (12). S4: A limiting groove (421) is made on the surface of the displacement actuator (42). One end of the locking rod (31) is rotatably connected to the force transmission component (22), and the other end is movably connected in the limiting groove (421). The second magnetic component (422) and the first magnetic component (32) are respectively installed on the opposite surfaces of the limiting groove (421) and the locking rod (31). S5: Install two sets of first adhesive magnetic strips (11) on the inner walls of both sides of the housing (1), and install second adhesive magnetic strips (221) on the opposite sides of the force transmission component (22). S6: Fix the housing (1) around the non-structural component of the suspended building, and detachably connect the connector (21) to the reserved hole on the non-structural component of the building, so that the device is in a locked standby state.

9. The assembly method of a seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components in buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, determining the initial inflation pressure, volume, and effective contact area of ​​the airbag (52) includes the following steps: S101: Calculate the initial collision velocity of the ceiling panel , ; in, This represents the seismic velocity response spectrum value. For site coefficient, The period of natural vibration of the ceiling panel and satisfying <0.1s, This represents the maximum value of the horizontal earthquake influence coefficient. S102: Based on the initial collision velocity Calculate the kinetic energy before collision of a non-structural component of a suspended building with mass m. , ; S103: Determine the permissible collision force threshold based on the load-bearing capacity of the non-structural components of the suspended building. ,in ; S104: Establish maximum collision force constraints ; in, This represents the maximum compression of the airbag. S105: Combining maximum collision force constraints and kinetic energy before collision Determine the equivalent gas stiffness of the airbag ,in, ; S106: Initial airbag inflation pressure is met. Take the maximum value, and we get ;Will Substitution In the middle, get ; S107: Establish the relationship between the initial volume and structural dimensions of the airbag = ,in For contact area, This represents the initial thickness of the airbag.

10. A method of using a seismic-resistant device for suspended non-structural components of a building according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Arrange the shell (1) at the boundary position corresponding to the suspended non-structural component of the building, so that the first side of the shell (1) faces the suspended non-structural component of the building, and fix the shell (1) to the mounting base. S2: Connect the connector (21) of the input component (2) to the reserved hole on the non-structural component of the suspended building in a detachable manner, so that the locking rod (31) is fitted into the limiting groove (421) of the displacement actuator (42); S3: Under non-earthquake conditions, the connector (21) is positioned by the magnetic cooperation between the first adhesive magnetic strip (11) and the second adhesive magnetic strip (21), the displacement actuator (42) is restricted from moving under the constraint of the locking rod (31), and the device remains in standby state. S4: Under the action of earthquake, the non-structural components of the suspended building generate relative displacement and are transmitted to the force transmission component (22). The force transmission component (22) moves relative to the shell (1) from the outer first adhesive magnetic strip (11) to the inner first adhesive magnetic strip (11). At the same time, the spring (412) is compressed to store energy, realizing the first level of buffer. S5: When the force transmission component (22) moves to the vicinity of the inner first adhesive magnetic strip (11), the first magnetic element (33) on the locking rod (31) and the second magnetic element (422) in the limiting groove (421) generate magnetic repulsion, causing the locking rod (31) to disengage from the limiting groove (421) and release the lock; at the same time, the displacement execution unit (42) pushes the partition plate (51) to move to the rear cavity and squeezes the airbag (52). The airbag (52) absorbs and dissipates seismic energy through deformation and internal gas compression, realizing the second level of seismic buffer.

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