Slag poking device for earth pressure balance shield machine, hydraulic system and slag level detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slag poking device for an earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine, a hydraulic system and a slag level detection method.The slag poking device comprises a telescopic oil cylinder, a cylinder rod, a steel pipe, a flange, an earth bin wall, a reserved opening, a steel bar, a steel ring, a gate valve, a flushing valve and a slag discharging valve, the telescopic oil cylinder drives the steel bar to stretch into an earth bin to poke slag, and the steel pipe is designed to be closed; a gate valve is matched to ensure that the pressure of the soil bin is stable, a flushing valve and a slag discharging valve form second sealing when being closed to avoid pressure relief of the soil bin, and the gate valve is matched to ensure that the pressure of the soil bin is stable; the hydraulic system comprises an independent pump station, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an electromagnetic ball valve, a proximity switch and a PLC control unit, and the safety action sequence of a gate valve and a telescopic oil cylinder is achieved through logic interlocking. According to the slag level detection method, operation steps are standardized, the slag level of the soil bin can be accurately judged, and the safety risk caused by manual valve poking is avoided. The large-diameter shield tunneling machine is compact in structure, reliable in control and high in adaptability, and can be popularized and applied to tunneling construction of the large-diameter shield tunneling machine in complex stratums.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, specifically to a slag removal device, hydraulic system, and slag level detection method for earth pressure balance TBMs. Background Technology

[0002] During the tunneling process of an earth pressure balance (EPB) tunnel boring machine (TBM), the earth chamber is in a closed, pressurized environment filled with excavated soil, groundwater, and construction-introduced foam and slurry. Due to the poor rheological properties of the excavated soil, especially in high-cohesion clay, silty clay, or high-moisture strata, the excavated soil easily solidifies, adheres, or clumps at the earth chamber walls and pipeline inlets. EPB TBMs typically rely on earth pressure sensors mounted on the inner walls of the earth chamber to detect the height of the excavated soil (i.e., the excavated soil level). However, when excavated soil solidifies and covers the sensor surface, it can subject the sensor to additional pressure or cause it to lose contact with the actual earth pressure, leading to sensor malfunction and an inability to accurately reflect the actual excavated soil level within the earth chamber.

[0003] In current construction processes, to compensate for monitoring blind spots caused by sensor failures, operators often manually poke valves to detect slag levels. This involves opening valves on the soil chamber wall, clearing the detection port with tools such as steel bars, and observing whether gas is emitted from the valve. If gas is emitted, it indicates that there is a cavity above that location, and the slag level is below that point; if slag is pushed out, it indicates that the slag level has reached or exceeded that point. However, because the soil chamber is in a high-pressure environment, opening the valve is often accompanied by the ejection of high-pressure gas and slag, which can easily cause impact or injury to operators, posing a serious safety hazard. Furthermore, the manual valve-poking process is labor-intensive, relies heavily on human experience, and yields unstable detection results, making it difficult to meet the safety and reliability requirements of long-distance, large-diameter tunnel excavation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated slag level detection device to replace manual valve poking, thereby improving operational safety and detection accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a slag removal device, hydraulic system, and slag level detection method for earth pressure balance shield tunneling machines. By installing telescopic cylinders, steel bars, steel pipes, and matching gate valves and slag flushing and discharge mechanisms at the reserved openings in the earth chamber wall of the shield tunneling machine, and combining them with an independent hydraulic control system and automated detection process, safe, accurate, and efficient detection of slag levels in the earth chamber is achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A slag removal device for an earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine, comprising: Telescopic hydraulic cylinder, whose cylinder rod can extend and retract; A steel pipe fixed to the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is installed by connecting the steel pipe to the reserved opening of the soil silo wall through a flange, which is used to provide reaction force for the telescopic cylinder; A steel rod fixedly connected to the front end of the cylinder rod is used to extend into the soil chamber to poke the slag and soil. The extension length of the steel rod is optimized according to the space of the shield body partition. A steel ring, installed at the flange through which the steel bar passes, is used to filter out stone chips carried out with the gas. The gate valve installed between the steel pipe and the soil silo wall is used to open and close the soil silo channel before and after the telescopic cylinder is activated. The flushing valve and slag discharge valve installed on the steel pipe are used to flush and discharge slag from the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod, and form a sealing structure when the valve is closed to prevent the pressure loss of the soil chamber caused by the gate valve being stuck and unable to close in time.

[0006] Preferably, the steel rod extends 14 cm into the soil chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the steel rod is fixed to the front end of the cylinder rod by welding and is arranged coaxially with the axis of the telescopic cylinder rod.

[0008] Preferably, the steel pipe is a closed design to prevent the soil chamber from depressurizing during the operation of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a hydraulic system for controlling a plurality of the above-mentioned slag-clearing devices, comprising: A separately configured hydraulic pump station is used to provide hydraulic power; A first solenoid directional valve, a throttle valve, and a check valve connected to a gate valve employing a hydraulic gate valve, and a first proximity switch for detecting the valve position status; A second electromagnetic directional valve and an electromagnetic ball valve connected to the telescopic cylinder of the slag-clearing device, and a second proximity switch for detecting the extension and retraction of the cylinder rod; The PLC control unit, electrically connected to the first solenoid directional valve, the second solenoid directional valve, the solenoid ball valve, the first proximity switch, and the second proximity switch, is used to implement the following logic control: When an opening command is received, the control unit opens the gate valve, and after the first proximity switch detects that the gate valve is fully open, it drives the second solenoid directional valve of the telescopic cylinder to be energized in the forward direction, causing the cylinder rod to extend; after the cylinder rod is extended to the position, the second proximity switch is triggered, controlling the second solenoid directional valve to be energized in the reverse direction, causing the cylinder rod to retract; after the cylinder rod is retracted to the position, the second proximity switch is triggered again, controlling the gate valve to close in the reverse direction, and closing the solenoid ball valve, thereby achieving automated detection of the slag-clearing action in a single operation.

[0010] Preferably, there are 6 slag removal devices, with the corresponding 6 points symmetrically distributed on both sides of the shield.

[0011] Preferably, all six telescopic cylinders are connected to the same PLC control unit, which can control the slag-clearing action of multiple points sequentially or simultaneously.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention also discloses a slag level detection method, based on the aforementioned slag-clearing device and hydraulic system, comprising the following steps: S1. Click the "Pump Start" button on the operation screen to start the hydraulic pump station; S2, select the point to be detected, click the corresponding point start button, control the gate valve of the slag removal device to open, and drive the telescopic cylinder to move; S3, when the "Point Detection Complete" button is lit, click the button to complete one slag point detection; S4, the cooperating personnel observe whether there is any slag or gas discharged through the ball valve at the corresponding point of the soil chamber wall. If no slag or gas is discharged, the telescopic cylinder is controlled to retract multiple times until slag or gas is detected to be discharged. S5. Repeat the above steps until the slag level detection at each point is completed, then click the "Pump Shutdown" button to shut down the hydraulic pump station.

[0013] Preferably, during the detection process, if the slag or gas fails to be discharged in time, the flushing valve is opened to inject cleaning fluid into the steel pipe to flush the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod, so as to ensure the accuracy of the slag level detection results.

[0014] Preferably, the extension channel of the cylinder rod is cleaned and unblocked regularly to prevent abnormal wear of the chrome plating layer on the cylinder rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention effectively solves the problems of sensor failure caused by soil condensation during earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine (EPM) excavation and the safety hazards of manual valve clearing. By using a telescopic cylinder to drive a steel rod into the soil chamber to clear blockages, the invention connects the inside and outside of the soil chamber and accurately determines the slag level, avoiding the risk of injury to personnel from high-pressure gas jets. The steel pipe adopts a closed design and works in conjunction with a gate valve to control the opening and closing of the channel, maintaining stable pressure in the soil chamber before and after clearing the slag, preventing collapse accidents caused by pressure loss due to valve jamming, and significantly improving construction safety. The steel ring both blocks slag and guides the steel rod. The flushing valve and slag discharge valve work together to form a second seal when the valve is closed, ensuring smooth discharge of slag or gas, improving the accuracy of slag level judgment, and preventing damage to the gate valve and cylinder rod from residual impurities. The PLC control unit, combined with proximity switches, implements interlocking logic for the sequence of cylinder and gate valve actions, ensuring a safe process of "gate valve opening first, then slag removal, then retraction, and finally closing." The entire process is automated and intelligent, reducing human error and labor intensity, and improving detection efficiency and reliability. The slag level detection method of this invention further standardizes the operation steps, making slag level detection intuitive and easy to perform. It supports multi-point layout and centralized control, and can flexibly adjust the steel bar extension length, drive method, and control mode according to different geological conditions. It is highly adaptable, compact in structure, and has clear control logic. It provides a reliable basis for timely understanding of the soil chamber status and guiding the adjustment of tunneling parameters during construction, effectively reducing the risks of over-excavation and ground instability. It has broad application prospects in large-diameter shield machine tunneling in complex geological formations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fully retracted telescopic cylinder structure of the slag-clearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fully extended telescopic cylinder structure of the slag-clearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the distribution of installation points of the slag-clearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the slag level detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Attached reference numerals: 1-Telescopic cylinder; 2-Cylinder rod; 3-Steel pipe; 4-Flange; 5-Soil silo wall; 6-Reserved opening; 7-Steel bar; 8-Steel ring; 9-Gate valve; 10-Flush valve; 11-Slag discharge valve. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a slag removal device for an earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine, comprising: Telescopic cylinder 1, whose cylinder rod 2 is telescopic; telescopic cylinder 1 is used to provide thrust, so that cylinder rod 2 can extend and retract back and forth under hydraulic action; The steel pipe 3, fixed to the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 1, is connected to the reserved opening 6 of the soil chamber wall 5 via the flange 4. It is used to provide reaction force for the telescopic cylinder 1. The steel pipe 3 acts as a support to ensure that the cylinder rod 2 and the steel bar 7 remain stable during the telescopic process. At the same time, it is connected to the reserved opening 6 of the soil chamber wall 5 via the flange 4. The steel pipe 3 is a closed design to prevent the soil chamber from depressurizing during the operation of the cylinder 1. The closed structure of the steel pipe 3 can keep the soil chamber isolated from the external environment when the steel bar 7 telescopically pushes the slag, effectively preventing the leakage of high-pressure gas or slag from the soil chamber, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the tunneling process, and also improving the sealing performance of the overall system.

[0021] A steel rod 7, fixedly connected to the front end of the cylinder rod 2, is used to extend into the soil chamber to agitate the slag. The extension length of the steel rod 7 is optimized according to the space of the shield body partition. The steel rod 7 is in direct contact with the slag, and its length can be adjusted according to different internal space conditions of the shield body to avoid interference with components such as the mixing rod, while ensuring that the slag is agitated in place and meeting the slag level detection requirements. Specifically, the cylinder stroke and the length of the steel rod can be selected by combining the size of the existing reserved opening. A more reasonable size can be obtained through simulation. Preferably, the length of the steel rod 7 extending into the soil chamber is 14cm.

[0022] The steel ring 8, which is set at flange 4 for the steel rod 7 to pass through, is used to filter the stone debris carried out with the gas; the steel ring 8 also serves as a guide and a certain degree of sealing, which can not only reduce the stone debris entering the gap between the steel pipe 3 and the cylinder rod 2, but also maintain stability during the extension and retraction of the steel rod 7. The gate valve 9, installed between the steel pipe 3 and the soil chamber wall 5, is used to open and close the soil chamber channel before and after the telescopic cylinder 1 is activated. The gate valve 9 ensures that the device is isolated from the soil chamber when it is not working, preventing the leakage of slag and gas. It is opened before the telescopic cylinder 1 is activated and closed in time after the activation is completed to ensure stable soil chamber pressure. The flushing valve 10 and slag discharge valve 11 installed on the steel pipe 3 are used to flush and discharge slag from the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod 2. When the valves are closed, they form a sealing structure to prevent the pressure loss in the soil chamber caused by the gate valve 9 being stuck and unable to close in time. The flushing valve 10 is used to inject cleaning fluid to flush away the attached slag on the cylinder rod 2 and the channel of the steel rod 7. The slag discharge valve 11 is used to discharge waste liquid and slag. The gate valve 9 is the first seal, and the flushing valve 10 and slag discharge valve 11 form a second seal when closed. This not only improves the accuracy of detection, but also extends the service life of the gate valve 9 and the cylinder rod 2.

[0023] Furthermore, the steel rod 7 is fixed to the front end of the cylinder rod 2 by welding and arranged coaxially with the axis of the cylinder rod 2. This welding connection method can ensure the firmness between the steel rod 7 and the cylinder rod 2, and avoid the failure of slag removal due to detachment or tilting in the high-pressure soil chamber environment. At the same time, the coaxial arrangement can ensure that the steel rod 7 is subjected to uniform force during the extension and retraction process, reduce the risk of bending deformation, and improve the stability of the slag removal action.

[0024] Please see Figure 3 The present invention also discloses a hydraulic system for controlling a plurality of the above-described slag-clearing devices, comprising: An independently set hydraulic pump station is used to provide hydraulic power; the hydraulic pump station is arranged as a separate set, which avoids the risk of oil contamination caused by sharing with the main pump station of the tunnel boring machine. Its independence is conducive to maintaining the cleanliness of hydraulic oil and system stability. A first solenoid directional valve, a throttle valve, and a check valve are connected to the gate valve 9, which uses a hydraulic gate valve, as well as a first proximity switch for detecting the valve position status; the first solenoid directional valve is used to control the opening and closing direction of the gate valve 9, the throttle valve is used to adjust the hydraulic oil flow to achieve control of the switching speed, the check valve is used to prevent oil backflow, and the first proximity switch is used to detect whether the gate valve 9 is fully open or closed, providing signal feedback to the PLC; The second electromagnetic reversing valve and the electromagnetic ball valve are connected to the telescopic cylinder 1 of the slag-clearing device, and the second proximity switch is used to detect whether the cylinder rod 2 has been extended or retracted to the correct position. The second electromagnetic reversing valve controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder 1, while the electromagnetic ball valve controls the flow of hydraulic oil when needed, thus playing a role in safety protection and precise control. The second proximity switch is used to detect whether the extension or retraction of the cylinder rod 2 has been completed, so as to avoid the failure of the action due to midway stagnation. The PLC control unit, electrically connected to the first and second solenoid directional valves, the solenoid ball valve, the first proximity switch, and the second proximity switch, implements the following logic control: When an opening command is received, the gate valve 9 is opened. After the first proximity switch detects that the gate valve 9 is fully open, the second solenoid directional valve of the telescopic cylinder 1 is energized in the forward direction, causing the cylinder rod 2 to extend. After the cylinder rod 2 is fully extended, the second proximity switch is triggered, controlling the second solenoid directional valve to be energized in the reverse direction, causing the cylinder rod 2 to retract. After the cylinder rod 2 is fully retracted, the second proximity switch is triggered again, controlling the gate valve 9 to close in the reverse direction, and closing the solenoid ball valve. This achieves automated detection of the slag-clearing action in a single operation. Through the PLC's logic control, the sequence of "gate valve 9 opens first, then slag clearing, then retraction, and finally closing" is ensured, avoiding the risk of pressure leakage in the soil chamber caused by misoperation, while realizing full automation and safety of the slag-clearing process.

[0025] Please see Figure 4 The system consists of six slag-clearing devices, symmetrically distributed at six points on both sides of the tunnel boring machine (TBM). This arrangement covers key areas within the soil chamber, ensuring that regardless of the location of slag accumulation during TBM excavation, slag level detection and channel clearing can be achieved through the corresponding points, resulting in balanced monitoring and operation. All six telescopic cylinders are connected to the same PLC control unit. The PLC control unit can control the slag-clearing actions of multiple points sequentially or simultaneously, achieving coordinated multi-point operation through centralized control. This allows for sequential detection of slag levels at each point, or simultaneous activation of multiple telescopic cylinders to quickly complete the slag-clearing action when needed, thereby improving operational efficiency and real-time detection.

[0026] Please see Figure 5 The present invention also discloses a slag level detection method, based on the above-mentioned slag-clearing device and the above-mentioned hydraulic system, comprising the following steps: S1, click the "Pump Start" button on the operation screen to start the hydraulic pump station; the hydraulic pump station is independently powered and can provide stable hydraulic power in high-pressure and complex environments, avoiding oil contamination and control interference caused when sharing with the shield tunnel main pump station; S2, select the point to be tested, click the corresponding point to open button, control the gate valve 9 of the slag-pumping device to open, and drive the telescopic cylinder 1 to move; after the gate valve 9 is opened, a channel is formed between the soil chamber and the slag-pumping device, and the telescopic cylinder 1 drives the cylinder rod 2 and steel rod 7 to extend into the soil chamber to pump the accumulated slag. S3, when the point detection complete button is lit, click the button to complete one slag level detection; the point detection complete button being lit indicates that the PLC control unit has received a signal from the proximity switch, confirming that the slag removal action has been successfully completed; S4, the cooperating personnel observe whether there is any slag or gas discharged through the ball valve at the corresponding point on the soil chamber wall 5. If no slag or gas is discharged, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is controlled to contract repeatedly until slag or gas is detected to be discharged. By manually observing the discharge situation of the ball valve, it can be determined whether the slag level has reached the height of that point. If the slag is blocked and cannot be discharged, the channel is cleared by multiple contraction actions to ensure that the test results are true and reliable. S5. Repeat the above steps until the slag level detection at each point is completed. Click the "Pump Shutdown" button to shut down the hydraulic pump station. After all points are detected, shut down the hydraulic pump station and the system enters standby mode to avoid unnecessary energy consumption and ensure system safety.

[0027] Furthermore, during the detection process, if slag or gas fails to be discharged in time, the flushing valve 10 is opened to inject cleaning fluid into the steel pipe 3 to flush the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod 2, ensuring the accuracy of the slag level detection results. The flushing valve 10 injects cleaning fluid to promptly disperse and remove mud and slag adhering to the cylinder rod 2 and the steel rod 7, preventing channel blockage that could prevent the smooth discharge of slag or gas, thus making the slag level judgment results more accurate and effective. In addition, the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod 2 can be cleaned and dredged regularly to prevent abnormal wear of the chrome plating layer. During long-term operation, the telescopic channel is prone to accumulating mud, sand, or hard particles. If not cleaned in time, this will create strong friction on the surface of the cylinder rod 2, damaging the chrome plating layer, leading to decreased sealing performance and shortened service life. Therefore, regular cleaning and dredging can keep the channel unobstructed and delay equipment wear, improving the overall stability and durability of the system.

[0028] It should be noted that the present invention can be flexibly adjusted according to different geological conditions. For example, in clay strata, the extension length of the steel rod 7 can be appropriately increased to enhance the slag removal effect, or in specific situations, a cylinder can be used to replace the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 1 to meet construction needs, making the device more convenient to use and more adaptable.

[0029] In summary, this invention discloses a slag removal device, hydraulic system, and slag level detection method for earth pressure balance shield tunneling machines. By incorporating components such as a telescopic cylinder 1, steel pipe 3, steel rod 7, steel ring 8, gate valve 9, flushing valve 10, and slag discharge valve 11, along with an independent hydraulic pump station, multiple electromagnetic directional valves, electromagnetic ball valves, proximity switches, and a PLC control unit, automated slag level detection is achieved in complex high-pressure earth chamber environments. This invention not only effectively solves the safety risks associated with earth pressure sensor failure due to slag consolidation and manual valve removal, but also ensures stable earth chamber pressure through a closed design and interlocked action sequence, preventing collapse accidents. Simultaneously, it achieves efficient, accurate, and safe slag removal. This method further standardizes the operation process, making slag level detection intuitive and easy to perform, and supports multi-point deployment and centralized control. It has strong adaptability and promotional value, providing reliable technical support for large-diameter shield tunneling in complex strata and possessing promising engineering application prospects.

[0030] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag-clearing device for an earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine, characterized in that, include: Telescopic cylinder (1), whose cylinder rod (2) is telescopic; A steel pipe (3) is fixed on the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder (1). The steel pipe (3) is installed by connecting the flange (4) to the reserved opening (6) of the earthwork wall (5) to provide a reaction force for the telescopic cylinder (1). A steel rod (7) fixedly connected to the front end of the cylinder rod (2) is used to extend into the soil chamber to poke the slag and soil. The extension length of the steel rod (7) is optimized according to the space of the shield body partition. A steel ring (8) is provided at the flange (4) through which the steel rod (7) passes, for filtering out stone chips carried out with the gas; The gate valve (9) installed between the steel pipe (3) and the soil chamber wall (5) is used to open and close the soil chamber channel before and after the telescopic cylinder (1) is activated. The flushing valve (10) and slag discharge valve (11) installed on the steel pipe (3) are used to flush and discharge slag from the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod (2), and form a sealing structure when the valve is closed to prevent the pressure relief of the soil chamber caused by the gate valve (9) being stuck with slag and unable to close in time.

2. The slag-removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel rod (7) extends 14 cm into the soil chamber.

3. The slag-removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel rod (7) is fixed to the front end of the cylinder rod (2) by welding and is arranged coaxially with the axis of the cylinder rod (2).

4. The slag-removing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel pipe (3) is a closed design to prevent the soil chamber from depressurizing during the operation of the telescopic cylinder (1).

5. A hydraulic system for controlling a plurality of slag-clearing devices as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: A separately configured hydraulic pump station is used to provide hydraulic power; A first solenoid directional valve, a throttle valve, and a check valve connected to a gate valve (9) employing a hydraulic gate valve, and a first proximity switch for detecting the valve position status; A second electromagnetic reversing valve and an electromagnetic ball valve connected to the telescopic cylinder (1) of the slag-clearing device, and a second proximity switch for detecting the extension and retraction of the cylinder rod (2) to the desired position; The PLC control unit is electrically connected to the first electromagnetic reversing valve, the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the electromagnetic ball valve, the first proximity switch, and the second proximity switch. It is used to implement the following logic control: when an opening command is received, the gate valve (9) is controlled to open. After the first proximity switch detects that the gate valve (9) is fully open, the second electromagnetic reversing valve of the telescopic cylinder (1) is driven to be energized in the forward direction, so that the cylinder rod (2) extends. After the cylinder rod (2) extends to the position, the second proximity switch is triggered, and the second electromagnetic reversing valve is energized in the reverse direction, so that the cylinder rod (2) retracts. After the cylinder rod (2) retracts to the position, the second proximity switch is triggered again, and the gate valve (9) is controlled to close in the reverse direction, and the electromagnetic ball valve is closed, thereby realizing the automated detection of the slag-clearing action in a single operation.

6. The hydraulic system according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are 6 slag removal devices, and the 6 corresponding points are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the shield.

7. The hydraulic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, All six telescopic cylinders (1) are connected to the same PLC control unit, which can control the slag-pouring action of multiple points sequentially or simultaneously.

8. A slag level detection method, based on the slag-clearing device as described in any one of claims 1-4 and the hydraulic system as described in any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Click the "Pump Start" button on the operation screen to start the hydraulic pump station; S2, select the point to be detected, click the corresponding point to open button, control the gate valve (9) of the slag removal device to open, and drive the telescopic cylinder (1) to move; S3, when the "Detection Completed" button is lit, click the button to complete one slag detection; S4, the personnel in charge observe whether there is any slag or gas discharged through the ball valve at the corresponding point of the soil silo wall (5). If there is no slag or gas discharged, the telescopic cylinder (1) is controlled to retract multiple times until slag or gas is detected to be discharged. S5. Repeat the above steps until the slag level detection at each point is completed, then click the "Pump Shutdown" button to shut down the hydraulic pump station.

9. The slag level detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the detection process, if the slag or gas fails to be discharged in time, the flushing valve (10) is opened to inject cleaning fluid into the steel pipe (3) to flush the telescopic channel of the cylinder rod (2) to ensure the accuracy of the slag level detection results.

10. The slag level detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic channel of the cylinder rod (2) should be cleaned and unblocked regularly to prevent abnormal wear of the chrome plating layer of the cylinder rod (2).

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