Mine rapid sealing and blocking explosion-proof device and explosion-proof method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety engineering and disaster prevention and control, in particular to a mine rapid airtight blocking explosion-proof device and an explosion-proof method. An air bag comprises a main air bag body, a top air bag body and side air bag bodies, and the interior of the air bag body is divided into a plurality of cavities communicating with one another; the steel outer bracket is used for providing rigid support and anti-sliding constraint for the air bag; the air inflation and pressure control module achieves air injection of the air bag, different cavities are independently inflated and deflated in a partitioned mode, air is automatically supplemented, and when the pressure of the cavities of the air bag exceeds a set value, pressure is released through an overflow pressure release valve. The remote monitoring device is used for collecting roadway environment parameters before and after sealing and the working state of the air bag, comparing the air speed and the air volume before and after sealing of the roadway, monitoring the pressure of each cavity in the air bag in real time, and sending out an acousto-optic signal for early warning when overpressure or air leakage occurs or the sealing effect is insufficient, so that inflation and deflation and remote start and stop control over the air bag are achieved. According to the invention, the comprehensive requirements on rapid sealing, anti-explosion buffering and long-term air tightness under the catastrophe condition are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine safety engineering and disaster prevention technology, specifically to a rapid sealing and explosion-proof method for mines. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine gas explosions and fires are among the major types of disasters threatening safe production in mines. After an explosion or fire, to prevent the spread of high-temperature toxic fumes and blast waves along the roadways, a sealed area needs to be rapidly constructed between the disaster zone and the safe zone. Traditional sealing methods mainly rely on rigid structures such as brick and stone walls, poured concrete walls, and sandbag and wooden board sealing. These methods require extensive material transportation and manual labor, typically taking several hours or even longer to complete, making them unsuitable for the rapid sealing requirements under gas explosion and fire conditions. Furthermore, traditional sealing walls have limited blast resistance, making them prone to cracking, overturning, or being destroyed under the impact of blast waves, leading to sealing failure and the risk of secondary explosions.

[0003] In recent years, flexible airbag-type rapid sealing technology has attracted attention. By rapidly deploying inflatable airbags within a roadway, the roadway cross-section can be sealed in a short time, and the deformable characteristics of the airbags can provide a certain buffering effect against the blast shock wave. However, most existing airbags are single-cell structures with limited strength and flame-retardant properties of the airbag wall materials. When encountering the combined effects of gas explosions and sustained high-temperature flue gas, they are prone to local stress concentration and material ablation damage. At the same time, due to insufficient fit between the airbag and irregular roadway cross-sections and inadequate anchoring measures, problems such as air leakage, slippage, or overturning are likely to occur, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve rapid construction, blast-resistant buffering, and long-term airtightness.

[0004] In addition, existing devices generally lack deep integration with mine safety monitoring systems, making it impossible to automatically start and remotely control them based on disaster characteristics such as gas concentration, temperature, smoke, and wind speed; real-time monitoring of the internal pressure of the airbag and the air volume before and after sealing is insufficient, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the anti-explosion strategy according to the actual explosion conditions, and also making it difficult to provide data support for subsequent secondary reinforcement and desealing.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a multi-bladder explosion-proof airbag with a reasonable structure, excellent material properties, and the ability to work in conjunction with rigid support components to achieve rapid sealing, shock wave buffering, and subsequent reinforcement and desealing of coal mine gas explosion and fire disaster areas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as long construction time for sealing, insufficient explosion-proof performance, difficulty in maintaining airtightness for a long time, and weak intelligent sensing and control capabilities. It proposes a rapid sealing flame-retardant explosion-proof airbag for mine roadways and its working method, which realizes the coordinated bearing of flexible airbags and rigid supports. Through multi-cavity buffering, composite flame-retardant airbag wall materials, and graded explosion-proof strategies, it meets the comprehensive requirements for rapid sealing, explosion-proof buffering, and long-term airtightness under disaster conditions.

[0007] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A rapid sealing and explosion-proof device for mines is suitable for rapidly sealing and buffering explosion shock waves and high-temperature toxic fumes in roadways. It includes:

[0009] The airbag includes a main airbag, an arched top airbag, and side airbags. The interior of the airbag is divided into multiple interconnected cavities by a flexible skeleton, which achieves a tight fit between the airbag and the cross-section of the tunnel and provides cavity buffering.

[0010] Airbags are arranged along the cross-section of the roadway. The main airbag is located in the middle and lower part to bear the main impact load, the top airbag is located above to seal the roof space and bear the vertical component, and the side airbags are located on both sides and form a self-locking angle structure through the wedge-shaped ends to achieve reliable locking with the two sides and rapid positioning.

[0011] The airbag is equipped with a flexible skeleton that divides the main airbag into multiple cavities. Adjacent cavities are connected by connecting channels with throttling holes, which allows the gas to be transferred and attenuated in stages between cavities under the impact of an explosion, forming a cavity buffer energy absorption effect.

[0012] The steel external support is connected to the roof, sidewalls and floor slabs arranged in the tunnel to provide rigid support and anti-slip constraint for the airbag;

[0013] The inflation and pressure control module includes inflation and deflation pipelines connected to each cavity, valve assembly, pressure sensor and control unit. The inflation and pressure control module realizes airbag inflation, independent inflation and deflation of different cavities, automatic air replenishment, and pressure relief through overflow relief valve when the airbag cavity pressure exceeds the set value.

[0014] The remote monitoring device includes a gas concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, and an industrial wired or wireless communication unit connected to the mine monitoring system. It is used to collect environmental parameters of the roadway before and after sealing and the working status of the airbag, compare the wind speed and air volume before and after sealing, monitor the pressure of each cavity inside the airbag in real time, and issue audible and visual warnings when overpressure, leakage or insufficient sealing effect occurs, so as to realize the inflation and deflation of the airbag and remote start and stop control.

[0015] Furthermore, the airbag wall is a multi-layer composite material structure, comprising, from the inside out: an inner airtight lining layer, a load-bearing reinforcement layer, and an outer flame-retardant protective layer; wherein, the load-bearing reinforcement layer is made of fiberglass cloth, the flame-retardant protective layer is made of double-sided flame-retardant TPU coating, and is mixed with halogen-free composite flame-retardant materials of ZHS, Sb2O3, and CaCO3, so that the airbag wall has a limiting oxygen index ≥27.5%, tensile strength ≥120MPa, and a thickness of 0.5~0.8mm, thus possessing strength, flame retardancy, and foldability.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel outer support has an arc-shaped beam on the blast-facing surface that conforms to the shape of the airbag. The steel outer support is connected to the roadway anchor bolts and anchor nets through connectors to provide rigid support and anti-slip constraint for the airbag, thereby forming a joint sealed structure in which the airbag and the steel outer support work together to bear the load.

[0017] The steel external support can be composed of several triangular steel support units. The blast-facing surface is equipped with an arc-shaped beam that fits the shape of the airbag. The support is connected to the base plate through the base and to the anchor rods and anchor mesh on both sides through the lateral connectors, forming a joint sealed structure in which the flexible airbag and the rigid support work together to bear the load.

[0018] The steel external support frame is equipped with anchor mounting holes to facilitate connection with anchors and enable rapid on-site installation and positioning.

[0019] Furthermore, the inflation and pressure control module 5 prioritizes inflation of the main airbag and the top airbag during the rapid sealing phase, enabling the airbags to reach their working shape within 3-10 minutes. During the explosion impact phase, the target pressure of each cavity is controlled in stages, ensuring that the pressure in the cavity facing the explosion is higher than that in the cavity behind the explosion to enhance the buffering energy absorption capacity. The inflation and pressure control module can integrate a PLC control box and a high-pressure gas cylinder, and is connected to each cavity through inflation and deflation pipelines, valve assemblies, pressure sensors, and overflow relief valves to realize downhole gas injection, independent inflation and deflation of each cavity, automatic gas replenishment, and automatic pressure relief in case of overpressure.

[0020] Furthermore, the remote monitoring device is interconnected with the mine safety monitoring system. When any parameter such as gas concentration, temperature, smoke, or wind speed reaches the preset disaster criterion, it automatically triggers the deployment and inflation of the airbag. After the sealing is completed, it continues to monitor the change in air volume before and after sealing to determine the sealing effect.

[0021] The remote monitoring device is equipped with an alarm logic for excessive pressure inside the air bladder. When the pressure in any cavity exceeds the design limit, an overpressure alarm is issued and the overflow relief valve of the corresponding cavity is automatically opened to prevent damage to the air bladder wall material. When the pressure drops below the safety threshold, the relief valve is automatically closed.

[0022] A method for rapid sealing and explosion-proof isolation in mines, employing the aforementioned rapid sealing and explosion-proof isolation device for mines, includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1, Disaster Judgment and Activation: The remote monitoring device collects real-time data on gas concentration, temperature, smoke, pressure and wind speed in the roadway. When any parameter or combination thereof meets the criteria for gas explosion or fire disaster, an activation command is sent to the gas filling and pressure control module.

[0024] Step 2, Rapid Deployment and Positioning: Release the restraining components used for transportation, allowing the multi-bladder airbags to deploy along the cross-section of the roadway under the constraints of the support structure and guide components. The wedge-shaped ends form a self-locking angle with the roadway roof, floor, and sides, achieving initial sealing and positioning.

[0025] Step 3, Cavity inflation and shape control: The inflation and pressure control module is controlled to inflate the main airbag, top airbag and side airbags according to the preset sequence and pressure curve, so that the device can basically fill the roadway cross section and fit with the surrounding rock within the specified time, and complete a rapid sealing.

[0026] Step 4, Explosion Impact Buffering Stage: When the gas explosion shock wave acts on the mine's rapid sealing and explosion-proof device, the airbag undergoes controllable elastoplastic deformation under the steel external support and anchoring constraint. Through the compression of the gas inside the airbag, the throttling of the cavity, and the deformation of the airbag wall material, the shock energy is absorbed. Combined with the bending and shear resistance of the steel external support, the overpressure of the shock wave is reduced and the action time is extended, thereby protecting the downstream roadways and facilities.

[0027] Step 5, Secondary filling and reinforcement: After the explosion impact stage, based on the pressure inside the airbag and the air volume data before and after sealing provided by the remote monitoring device, if necessary, air is added to the inside of the airbag and slurry is injected into the airbag cavity for secondary filling and reinforcement to improve long-term airtightness and fire resistance.

[0028] Step 6, Unsealing and Reuse: When the disaster area is cleared and ventilation needs to be restored, the gas injection end is closed and the pressure relief valve is opened in sequence to release the gas pressure in the cavity, the anchoring and self-locking components are released, and the airbag and steel external support are folded and recycled to achieve reuse of the device.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 4, by monitoring the pressure changes of each cavity before and after the explosion in real time, the opening sequence and degree of the overflow pressure relief valves of each cavity are automatically adjusted according to the set graded explosion-proof strategy, so that the cavity facing the explosion is depressurized first while the cavity behind the explosion maintains a higher pressure, thereby realizing the graded absorption and transmission of the explosion impact energy.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 5, the target airflow reduction ratio and airbag pressure holding time threshold are determined through a full-scale on-site sealing test. When the airflow drops to 5-10% of the initial airflow after sealing and the pressure inside the airbag remains above 90% of the working pressure within 24 hours, the sealing effect is deemed to meet the safety requirements.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] (1) By combining the multi-bladder airbag with the support structure, the flexible airbag buffers and absorbs energy, and the rigid support resists bending and shear. The overpressure of the explosion shock wave is reduced during the controlled deformation of the airbag and the compression of the gas inside the airbag, and the action time is extended, which significantly reduces the impact on downstream roadways and equipment.

[0033] (2) The main airbag is divided into multiple chambers by using an internal flexible skeleton, and the pressure is controlled by the chambers through throttling channels and one-way valves, so that the shock wave energy is transmitted and attenuated in stages between the chambers, which avoids local stress concentration and improves overall stability and blast resistance margin.

[0034] (3) High-strength composite flame-retardant bladder wall material is used, which makes the limiting oxygen index and tensile strength of the bladder wall significantly higher than those of ordinary airbag materials. It can still maintain a tight seal under high temperature smoke and multiple explosion impacts, solving the problem that traditional airbags are easily burned or torn.

[0035] (4) Data interconnection with the mine safety monitoring system is achieved through remote monitoring devices, which can automatically trigger the deployment and inflation process of the device in the early stage of a disaster, reduce the time for rescuers to enter high-risk areas, and improve the speed of emergency response; at the same time, the sealing effect and airbag operation status can be evaluated in real time by relying on remote monitoring devices, providing a basis for decision-making for secondary reinforcement and unsealing.

[0036] (5) The full-scale sealing test on site shows that the device of the present invention can complete the complete sealing of the simulated roadway within a few minutes. After sealing, the air volume can be reduced to 5-10% of the initial air volume. After the airbag is pressurized for 24 hours, the pressure remains at more than 90% of the working pressure, proving that it has the ability to seal quickly and block for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the airbag structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible skeleton structure of the airbag of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steel external support frame structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inflation and pressure control module of the present invention;

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Tunnel; 2. Airbag; 201. Main airbag; 202. Top airbag; 203. Side airbag; 3. Control box; 4. Steel external support; 401. Anchor mounting hole; 5. Inflation and pressure control module; 501. PLC control box; 502. High-pressure gas cylinder; 6. Information monitoring and control box. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof airbag of this embodiment includes an airbag 2 installed in the roadway 1, a steel external support 4, an inflation and pressure control module 5, and a remote monitoring device.

[0046] After the airbag 2 is deployed along the cross section of the roadway 1, it is basically in a full state. The airbag 2 is composed of a multi-bag combination structure consisting of a main airbag 201, a top airbag 202 and two side airbags 203. The main airbag 201 is used to bear the main axial impact load, the top airbag 202 is used to fit against the arched roof of the roadway and seal the roof space, and the side airbags 203 form a self-locking angle structure with the two sides through wedge-shaped ends to achieve rapid positioning and reliable locking of the device.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the main airbag 201 is internally equipped with a flexible frame arranged along the roadway axis. The flexible frame is composed of high-strength fiber webbing and divides the main airbag 201 into multiple cavities. Adjacent cavities are connected by connecting channels with throttling orifices, and one-way valves are installed at the channels. When the blast shock wave reaches the blast-facing surface, the cavity on the blast-facing side is first compressed and deformed, squeezing gas into adjacent cavities. The gas flows in a controlled manner through the throttling orifices and one-way valves, realizing the graded transfer and dissipation of impact energy, thereby reducing local stress concentration and improving the overall blast resistance margin.

[0048] Steel external support 4 Figure 4 As shown, a multi-unit support structure is preferably adopted, with an arc-shaped force-bearing component that matches the shape of the airbag 2 on the blast-facing surface. The steel outer support 4 is connected to the roof, sidewalls and floor anchoring system in the roadway 1 through the anchor mounting holes 401, forming a three-dimensional constraint on the airbag 2 to suppress overall slippage and instability under explosion conditions.

[0049] Inflation and pressure control module 5, such as Figure 5As shown, the internal components include a PLC control box 501, a high-pressure gas cylinder 502, valve groups, and a pressure measuring unit, which are connected to the cavities of the main airbag 201, the top airbag 202, and the side airbags 203 via distribution pipelines. The control logic includes a rapid sealing stage and an explosion-proof buffer stage: during the rapid sealing stage, the airbags are preferentially inflated to complete their deployment, filling, and sealing within 3 to 10 minutes; subsequently, each cavity is finely pressurized according to a preset pressure curve, so that the target pressure of the cavity facing the blast is slightly higher than that of the cavity facing away from the blast to improve the energy absorption capacity.

[0050] During operation, the pressure sensor provides real-time feedback on the pressure of each chamber. When the pressure of any chamber exceeds the design limit, the system triggers an overpressure alarm and automatically opens the corresponding overflow relief valve. The valve automatically closes after the pressure drops below the safety threshold to avoid damage to the bladder wall material.

[0051] The remote monitoring device includes a control box 3 and an information monitoring control box 6, which are used to realize remote control, data aggregation and display early warning: the remote monitoring device collects parameters such as gas concentration, temperature, wind speed, and smoke, and interconnects with the mine monitoring system through industrial wired or wireless communication; when the monitored parameters meet the preset disaster criteria, the device automatically triggers the deployment and inflation program; after sealing is completed, it continuously monitors the changes in air volume and pressure inside the bladder before and after sealing, as a basis for sealing effect evaluation and secondary reinforcement decision-making.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The explosion-proof method of this embodiment is applied to the device described in Embodiment 1 and includes at least the following processes:

[0054] (1) The remote monitoring device collects the gas concentration, temperature, smoke, pressure and wind speed in the roadway in real time. When any parameter or combination thereof meets the criteria for gas explosion or fire disaster, it sends a start command to the gas filling and pressure control module 5.

[0055] (2) Release the restraint components so that the multi-bladder airbag 2 can be deployed along the cross section of the roadway under the constraint of the support and the action of the guide components. The wedge-shaped ends at both ends form a self-locking angle structure with the top plate, bottom plate and two sides to achieve preliminary sealing and positioning.

[0056] (3) The control unit first rapidly inflates the main airbag 201 and the top airbag 202 so that the sealed body can fill the roadway cross section within 3 to 10 minutes and form a tight fit with the two sides through the side airbag 203; then, according to the preset pressure curve, each cavity is inflated in stages so that the pressure of the cavity facing the explosion is higher than that of the cavity behind the explosion.

[0057] (4) When the explosion shock wave reaches the blast face, the airbag 2 undergoes limited displacement and deformation under the steel outer support 4 and anchoring constraint. The gas inside the airbag is compressed and flows to the adjacent cavity in a controlled manner through the throttling hole. The airbag wall produces recoverable deformation to absorb and dissipate energy. The steel outer support 4 bears the reaction force and shear force from the airbag to avoid overall slippage or instability.

[0058] (5) After sealing is completed, the remote monitoring device compares the air volume before and after sealing and continuously monitors the pressure inside the bladder. When the air volume drops to 5-10% of the initial air volume after sealing and the pressure inside the bladder remains above 90% of the working pressure within 24 hours, the sealing effect is determined to meet the safety requirements. If air leakage occurs or the pressure drops too quickly, air is replenished through the inflation and pressure control module 5. If necessary, an alarm and handling procedure are triggered.

[0059] (6) When long-term sealing or fire resistance and durability are required, foaming material can be injected into the blast side gap of the airbag to form a composite sealed structure of flexible airbag and rigid support to improve long-term airtightness and fire resistance.

[0060] (7) When ventilation needs to be restored after the disaster area is dealt with, shut off the inflation source and open the overflow and pressure relief valves of each cavity in sequence to release the pressure inside the bladder slowly; after the support and anchor connection is released, fold up the air bladder and support components and transport them out for reuse.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] To verify the rapid sealing and explosion-proof performance of the device of this invention, a full-scale deployment test was conducted in a simulated tunnel. The tunnel cross-section was approximately 9m. 2 The airbag, 60m in length, is installed according to the multi-bladder airbag-support combined structure of this invention. The airbag installation and operation process is as follows:

[0063] (1) From receiving the start command to the completion of inflation and sealing of the sealed body, the time required is about 6 minutes, which is significantly shorter than the traditional brick and stone sealing method.

[0064] (2) Before sealing, the air volume of the roadway is about a certain initial value. After sealing, the air volume drops to 5-8% of the initial air volume. Within 24 hours, the internal pressure of the airbag remains above 90% of the set working pressure, indicating that the sealing effect is good.

[0065] (3) Under simulated explosion impact load, the peak overpressure on the explosion side measured by the pressure sensor was significantly lower than that under the condition without the device; the maximum axial displacement of the airbag was less than the design allowable value, the airbag wall did not tear or burn, and the stress of the support component was lower than the material yield strength, proving that the device of the present invention has good explosion-proof buffering ability and structural stability.

[0066] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid sealing and explosion-proof device for mines, characterized in that, include: The airbag (2) includes a main airbag (201), an arched top airbag (202) and a side airbag (203). The interior of the airbag (2) is divided into multiple interconnected cavities by a flexible skeleton, so as to achieve close fit between the airbag (2) and the cross section of the roadway (1) and cavity buffering. The steel external support (4) is connected to the roof, side and bottom plates arranged in the roadway (1) to provide rigid support and anti-slip constraint for the airbag (2); The inflation and pressure control module (5) includes inflation and deflation pipelines, valve assemblies, pressure sensors and control units connected to each cavity. The inflation and pressure control module (5) realizes the inflation of the airbag (2), the independent inflation and deflation of different cavities, the automatic replenishment of air, and the pressure relief through the overflow relief valve when the pressure of the airbag (2) cavity exceeds the set value. The remote monitoring device includes a gas concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, and an industrial wired or wireless communication unit connected to the mine monitoring system. It is used to collect environmental parameters of the roadway before and after sealing and the working status of the airbag, compare the wind speed and air volume before and after sealing the roadway, monitor the pressure of each cavity inside the airbag (2) in real time, and issue an audible and visual warning when there is overpressure, leakage or insufficient sealing effect, so as to realize the inflation and deflation of the airbag (2) and remote start and stop control.

2. The mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag (2) has a multi-layer composite airbag wall structure, which includes, from the inside out: an inner airtight lining layer, a load-bearing reinforcement layer and an outer flame-retardant protective layer; wherein, the load-bearing reinforcement layer is made of glass fiber cloth, the flame-retardant protective layer is made of double-sided flame-retardant TPU coating, and is mixed with ZHS, Sb2O3 and CaCO3 halogen-free composite flame-retardant materials.

3. The mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel outer support (4) has an arc-shaped beam on the blast-facing surface that fits the shape of the airbag (2). The steel outer support (4) is connected to the roadway anchor rod and anchor net through connectors to form a joint sealed structure in which the airbag (2) and the steel outer support (4) work together to bear the load.

4. The mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inflation and pressure control module (5) inflates the main airbag (201) and the top airbag (202) first during the rapid sealing phase, so that the airbag (2) reaches the working shape within 3 to 10 minutes.

5. A mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote monitoring device is interconnected with the mine safety monitoring system. When any parameter of gas concentration, temperature, smoke, or wind speed reaches the preset disaster criterion, the deployment and inflation program of the airbag (2) is automatically triggered. After the sealing is completed, the air volume change before and after sealing is monitored to determine the sealing effect.

6. The mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote monitoring device is equipped with an alarm logic for excessive pressure inside the bladder. When the pressure in any cavity exceeds the design limit, an overpressure alarm is issued and the overflow relief valve of the corresponding cavity is automatically opened to prevent damage to the bladder wall material of the airbag (2). When the pressure drops below the safety threshold, the relief valve is automatically closed.

7. A method for rapid sealing and explosion-proof isolation in mines, characterized in that, The method of using the mine rapid sealing and explosion-proof device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 includes the following steps: Step 1, Disaster Judgment and Activation: The remote monitoring device collects the gas concentration, temperature, smoke, pressure and wind speed in the roadway in real time. When any parameter or combination thereof meets the criteria for gas explosion or fire disaster, an activation command is sent to the gas filling and pressure control module (5). Step 2, rapid deployment and positioning: release the restraining components used for transportation, so that the multi-bladder airbag (2) can be deployed along the cross section of the roadway under the constraints of the support structure and guide components. The wedge-shaped end forms a self-locking angle with the roadway top plate, bottom plate and two sides to achieve preliminary sealing and positioning. Step 3, cavity inflation and shape control: The inflation and pressure control module (5) controls the inflation of the main airbag (201), the top airbag (202) and the side airbag (203) according to the preset sequence and pressure curve, so that the device can basically fill the tunnel section and fit the surrounding rock within a specified time, and complete a rapid sealing. Step 4, Explosion Impact Buffering Stage: When the gas explosion shock wave acts on the mine's rapid sealing and explosion-proof device, the airbag (2) undergoes controllable elastic-plastic deformation under the steel external support (4) and anchoring constraint. It absorbs the impact energy through gas compression, cavity throttling and deformation of the airbag wall material. Combined with the bending and shearing resistance of the steel external support (4), it reduces the overpressure of the shock wave and extends the action time, thereby protecting the downstream roadway and facilities. Step 5, Secondary filling and reinforcement: After the explosion impact stage, based on the pressure inside the bladder and the air volume data before and after sealing provided by the remote monitoring device, if necessary, replenish the air inside the air bladder (2) and inject slurry into the air bladder cavity for secondary filling and reinforcement. Step 6, Unsealing and Reuse: When the disaster area is cleared and ventilation needs to be restored, close the gas injection end and open the pressure relief valve in sequence to release the gas pressure in the cavity, release the anchoring and self-locking components, and fold and recycle the airbag (2) and the steel outer support (4).

8. A method for rapid sealing and explosion-proof isolation in mines according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 4, by monitoring the pressure changes of each cavity before and after the explosion in real time, the opening sequence and degree of the overflow pressure relief valves of each cavity are automatically adjusted according to the set graded explosion-proof strategy, so that the cavity facing the explosion is depressurized first while the cavity behind the explosion is kept at a higher pressure, thereby realizing the graded absorption and transmission of the explosion impact energy.

9. A method for rapid sealing and explosion-proof isolation in mines according to claim 7, characterized in that... , characterized in that, In step 5, the target air volume reduction ratio and airbag pressure holding time threshold are determined through a full-scale on-site sealing test. When the air volume drops to 5-10% of the initial air volume after sealing and the pressure inside the airbag remains above 90% of the working pressure within 24 hours, the sealing effect is deemed to meet the safety requirements.

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