Nano-catalysis-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine tail gas nano-particle recovery system and method
By utilizing the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between nanoparticles and filter materials, a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system was designed, which solves the problem of difficult catalyst recovery and realizes the recycling of catalysts and environmental protection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JILIN UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Nanocatalysts are difficult to recover from the exhaust gas of ammonia internal combustion engines, leading to resource waste and environmental pollution, and posing potential risks to ecosystems and human health.
By utilizing the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between nanoparticles and filter materials, nanoparticles are separated from the filter layer through a rapid heating and cooling method, and the catalyst is recycled by combining it with an electronic control system.
This has enabled the efficient recovery of nanocatalysts, reduced operating costs, decreased environmental pollution, and protected ecosystems and human health.
Smart Images
Figure CN121897450A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of internal combustion engine technology, specifically a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system and method. Background Technology
[0002] Ammonia, as a carbon-free fuel, is not only an efficient carrier of hydrogen but also boasts low manufacturing costs, mature production technology, and relative safety. However, ammonia also suffers from drawbacks such as high ignition energy, slow laminar flame propagation speed, narrow ignition limit range, and long ignition delay. Furthermore, unburned ammonia may escape and NOx emissions may increase during combustion. These issues significantly impact the combustion performance of ammonia.
[0003] Igniting premixed ammonia in the intake manifold via direct injection of highly reactive combustion-supporting fuel is a crucial method for promoting ammonia combustion and overcoming combustion inertia. Building upon this, introducing catalytic-assisted combustion technology can be a significant approach to addressing the bottlenecks in ammonia combustion. The catalytic pathway for ammonia reaction mainly includes catalytic decomposition and catalytic oxidation. The catalysts used are primarily elemental metals or metal oxide nanoparticles, such as Ru, Co, Pt, Ni, MnO2, and Fe2O3. Compared to traditional coated catalysts, nanoparticle catalysts exhibit high activity, high selectivity, and better mechanical stability. Furthermore, with the development of more advanced chemical preparation methods, obtaining nanoparticles of specified sizes and structures has become relatively easier. Introducing elemental metals or metal oxide nanoparticle catalysts into the ammonia combustion reaction can lower the activation energy, enhance the reactivity of ammonia, and improve combustion efficiency.
[0004] Nanoparticles used as catalysts are expensive and extremely small. If they are directly released into the air after the reaction is complete, it will not only waste resources but may also be inhaled and cause illness, failing to meet economic and environmental requirements. With the development of nanocatalyst-assisted ammonia internal combustion engines, it is necessary to design a new system for recovering nanoparticle catalysts from the exhaust gas of these engines. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a nanoparticle recovery system and method for exhaust gas from a nanocatalyst-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine. It primarily utilizes the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between nanoparticles and filter materials to efficiently recover nanoparticle catalysts. Cordierite and mullite, used as filter materials, have very low thermal expansion coefficients, while elemental metals and metal oxide nanoparticle catalysts have relatively high coefficients. When nanoparticles adhere to the filter layer, a rapid heating and cooling method is recommended to overcome the adhesion force under thermal stress, thus achieving separation and facilitating subsequent recovery and reuse. This invention provides a nanoparticle recovery system and method for exhaust gas from a nanocatalyst-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine, enabling catalyst recycling, significantly reducing the need for additional catalyst replenishment, lowering the operating cost of the nanocatalyst-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine, and simultaneously solving the environmental pollution problem of nanocatalyst particles being emitted into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas, avoiding potential risks to the ecosystem and human health, resulting in significant environmental benefits.
[0006] The technical solution of this invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system, characterized in that it includes an electronic control system, an intake and exhaust pipeline, a first particle storage unit, a second particle storage unit, a first temperature-changing separation system, a second temperature-changing separation system, a first nano-capture system, and a second nano-capture system;
[0008] The intake and exhaust piping includes a main intake pipe 1, a first intake manifold 3, a second intake manifold 10, a main exhaust pipe 16, a first exhaust manifold 8, a second exhaust manifold 15, a first intake valve 2, a second intake valve 9, a first exhaust valve 7, and a second exhaust valve 14. One end of the main intake pipe 1 is connected to the engine exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to one end of the first intake manifold 3 and the second intake manifold 10. One end of the main exhaust pipe 16 is connected to one end of the first exhaust manifold 8 and the second exhaust manifold 15, and the other end is connected to the exhaust aftertreatment system. The other ends of the first intake manifold 3 and the first exhaust manifold 8 enter the first nano-capture system, and the other ends of the second intake manifold 10 and the second exhaust manifold 15 enter the second nano-capture system. A first intake valve 2 is provided on the first intake manifold 3. A second intake valve 9 is provided on the second intake manifold 10. A first exhaust valve 7 is provided on the first exhaust manifold 8. A second exhaust valve 14 is provided on the second exhaust manifold 15.
[0009] The first nano-capture system includes a first housing 17 and a first filter layer 18; the first filter layer 18 is fixed inside the first housing 17 perpendicular to the air intake direction.
[0010] The second nano-capture system includes a second housing 21 and a second filter layer 22; the second filter layer 22 is fixed inside the second housing 21 perpendicular to the air intake direction.
[0011] The first temperature-controlled separation system includes a first heating pipe 4 containing a first heating wire, a first cooling pipe 6 containing coolant, and a first vibrator 5. Both the first heating pipe 4 and the first cooling pipe 6 are fixed inside the first housing 17 perpendicular to the air intake direction. The first heating pipe 4 has a semi-circular cross-section. The first cooling pipe 6 is a U-shaped pipe, including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, with the bottoms of the inlet and outlet pipes connected and their combined cross-section forming a semi-circle. The first heating pipe 4 and the first cooling pipe 6 combine to form a single circular pipe, which is wrapped by a first filter layer 18. The upper and lower sides of the first heating pipe 4 are closed, and the first heating wire inside is connected to an external power source, controlled by an ECU. A first coolant valve controlled by an ECU is located above the first cooling pipe 6, and the other end is connected to the turbocharger air-cooling circuit in the engine. The first vibrator 5 is installed between the two first filter layers 18 inside the first housing 17.
[0012] The second temperature-controlled separation system includes a second heating pipe 11 containing a second heating wire, a second cooling pipe 13 containing coolant, and a second vibrator 12. Both the second heating pipe 11 and the second cooling pipe 13 are fixed inside the second housing 21 perpendicular to the air intake direction. The second heating pipe 11 has a semi-circular cross-section, and the second cooling pipe 13 is a U-shaped pipe, including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The bottom of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected, and their combined cross-section is semi-circular. The second heating pipe 11 and the second cooling pipe 13 combine to form a total circular pipe, which is wrapped by a second filter layer 22. The upper and lower sides of the second heating pipe 11 are closed, and the second heating wire inside is connected to an external power source, controlled by the ECU. A second coolant valve controlled by the ECU is located above the second cooling pipe 13, and the other end is connected to the turbocharger air-cooling circuit in the engine. The second vibrator 12 is installed between the two second filter layers 22 inside the second housing 21.
[0013] The first particle storage unit includes a first collection tank 20 disposed below the first nano-capture system and a first connecting valve 19. The first connecting valve 19 is installed at the bottom of the first filter layer 18 and is connected to the ECU.
[0014] The second particle storage unit includes a second collection tank 24 disposed below the second nano-capture system and a second connecting valve 23. The second connecting valve 23 is installed at the bottom of the second filter layer 22 and is connected to the ECU.
[0015] The electronic control system includes an ECU and sensor components; the ECU and sensor components are connected for signal reception and feedback control.
[0016] Furthermore, both the first outer shell 17 and the second outer shell 21 are columnar structures.
[0017] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes a flow sensor, a first mass sensor, a second mass sensor, a first differential pressure sensor, a second differential pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, and a second temperature sensor; the flow sensor is disposed at the front end of the main intake pipe 1; the first mass sensor is disposed inside the first collection tank 20; the second mass sensor is disposed inside the second collection tank 24; the first differential pressure sensor is disposed inside the first housing 17; the first temperature sensor is mounted below the first vibrator 5; the second differential pressure sensor is disposed inside the second housing 21; and the second temperature sensor is mounted below the second vibrator 13.
[0018] Furthermore, the first filter layer 18 and the second filter layer 22 are made of cordierite or mullite, and the ceramic fibers have an average diameter of 30-40 nm and a porosity of 40-50%.
[0019] Furthermore, both the first heating wire and the second heating wire are made of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy or nickel-chromium alloy, and are processed into a corrugated shape and installed in the first heating pipe 4 and the second heating pipe 11 respectively. At the same time, heat-conducting oil is also stored in the first heating pipe 4 and the second heating pipe 11.
[0020] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for recovering nanoparticles from the exhaust gas of an ammonia internal combustion engine using a nanocatalytic-assisted process, comprising the following steps:
[0021] Step 1: The engine starts, and the exhaust gas flows from the exhaust pipe into the main intake pipe 1. The flow sensor detects the intake air flow and sends the signal back to the ECU. The ECU then determines the system's on / off status.
[0022] Step 2: When the intake air flow rate is less than 50% of the maximum intake air flow rate, only the first particle storage unit, the first temperature-varying separation system, and the first nano-capture system are turned on, while the second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nano-capture system remain closed. The first intake valve 2 and the first exhaust valve 7 are opened, and the exhaust gas enters the interior of the first nano-capture system through the first exhaust manifold 3. The nanoparticles are retained on the surface of the first filter layer 18 due to diffusion, interception effect, and inertial collision, while the remaining clean gas is discharged from the first exhaust manifold 8.
[0023] Step 3: The first differential pressure sensor continuously monitors the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. And the ECU will display the real-time pressure difference. Compare with the preset threshold P1;
[0024] Step 4, when At point P1, the first filter layer 18 maintains a filtration-only state, the first vibrator 5 is turned off, the first heating wire is de-energized, and the first coolant valve is closed. As the working time increases, the number of nanoparticles captured on the first filter layer 18 increases. Increase;
[0025] when At point P1, the first differential pressure sensor sends a high load signal to the ECU. At this time, the first particle storage unit, the first temperature-varying separation system, and the first nanoparticle trapping system stop working, while the second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nanoparticle trapping system start working. The first intake valve 2 and the first exhaust valve 7 are closed. At the same time, the ECU energizes the first heating wire but keeps the first coolant valve closed. The first heating wire generates heat, causing the surrounding heat transfer oil temperature to rise. The first filter layer 18 and the adsorbed nanoparticles expand due to the heat.
[0026] Step 5: When the temperature T rises to the specified temperature T1, the first temperature sensor sends a signal to the ECU. The ECU cuts off the power to the first heating wire and opens the first coolant valve. The incoming coolant absorbs heat, causing the first filter layer 18 and the adsorbed nanoparticles to cool and shrink. The coolant with the increased temperature flows out of the first cooling pipe 6, and the new coolant continues to cool the first filter layer 18 and nanoparticles.
[0027] Step Six: When the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nano-capture system are working, steps four and five are repeated multiple times. The first variable temperature separation system repeatedly heats and cools the first nano-capture system. Due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the first filter layer 18 and the nanoparticles, the thermal stress on the nanoparticles is greater than the adsorption force given by the first filter layer 18, so they will separate from the first filter layer 18 and fall above the first connecting valve 19. At this time, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nano-capture system continue to work.
[0028] Step 7: After step 6 is completed, the ECU controls the first connecting valve 19 to open, and the nanoparticles fall into the first collection tank 20. At the same time, the first vibrator 5 is started, which further causes the nanoparticles remaining on the first filter layer 18 to be shaken off, thereby improving the collection efficiency.
[0029] Step 8: When the first mass sensor on the first collection tank 20 detects that the mass has increased to a certain value and then remains unchanged, the ECU controls the first vibrator 5 to stop working, and at the same time cuts off the power supply to the first heating wire and closes the first coolant valve;
[0030] Step 9: When the second differential pressure sensor detects... At time P1, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer trapping system continue to operate, while the first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system, and the first nanometer trapping system remain off.
[0031] when At time P1, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer capture system stop working and start the variable temperature separation state. The first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system, and the first nanometer capture system take over the work of the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer capture system.
[0032] Step 10: When the flow sensor of the main intake pipe 1 detects that the intake flow rate is greater than 50% of the maximum intake flow rate, the first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system and the first nano-capture system, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system and the second nano-capture system work simultaneously, and the variable temperature separation state is alternately activated by the ECU.
[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0034] 1) A recovery system for nanocatalysts in the exhaust gas of ammonia-assisted nanocatalyst internal combustion engines was invented and designed. The thermal stress generated by alternating hot and cold is used to overcome the adhesion force, thereby causing the nanoparticles to fall off the filter layer, which facilitates the subsequent collection and reuse of the nanoparticles.
[0035] 2) All components of this invention are made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials to adapt to the harsh environment of ammonia fuel engine exhaust gas. The method and system can select regeneration strategies under different operating conditions, which not only ensures high particulate collection efficiency, but also controls the system pressure difference at a low level, reducing the negative impact on engine power.
[0036] 3) This invention achieves the recycling of expensive nano-catalysts through efficient recovery, greatly reducing the need for additional catalyst replenishment and lowering the operating cost of nano-catalyst-assisted ammonia internal combustion engines. At the same time, it solves the environmental pollution problem of nano-catalyst particles being emitted into the atmosphere with exhaust gas, avoiding potential risks to the ecosystem and human health, and has significant environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description
[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0038] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system;
[0039] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system.
[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a process for recovering nanoparticles from the exhaust gas of an ammonia internal combustion engine using a nanocatalytic-assisted method.
[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of some steps in a method for recovering nanoparticles from the exhaust gas of an ammonia internal combustion engine using nanocatalysis.
[0042] In the picture:
[0043] 1. Main intake pipe; 2. First intake valve; 3. First intake manifold; 4. First heating pipe; 5. First vibrator; 6. First cooling pipe; 7. First exhaust valve; 8. First exhaust manifold; 9. Second intake valve; 10. Second intake manifold; 11. Second heating pipe; 12. Second vibrator; 13. Second cooling pipe; 14. Second exhaust valve; 15. Second exhaust manifold; 16. Main exhaust pipe; 17. First housing; 18. First filter layer; 19. First connecting valve; 20. First collection tank; 21. Second housing; 22. Second filter layer; 23. Second connecting valve; 24. Second collection tank. Detailed Implementation
[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.
[0045] Example 1
[0046] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system, including an electronic control system, intake and exhaust pipes, a first particle storage unit, a second particle storage unit, a first temperature-changing separation system, a second temperature-changing separation system, a first nano-capture system, and a second nano-capture system;
[0047] The intake and exhaust piping includes a main intake pipe 1, a first intake manifold 3, a second intake manifold 10, a main exhaust pipe 13, a first exhaust manifold 8, a second exhaust manifold 15, a first intake valve 2, a second intake valve 9, a first exhaust valve 7, and a second exhaust valve 14. One end of the main intake pipe 1 is connected to the engine exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to one end of the first intake manifold 3 and the second intake manifold 15. One end of the main exhaust pipe 10 is connected to one end of the first exhaust manifold 8 and the second exhaust manifold 15, and the other end is connected to the exhaust aftertreatment system. The other ends of the first intake manifold 3 and the first exhaust manifold 8 enter the first nano-capture system, and the other ends of the second intake manifold 10 and the second exhaust manifold 15 enter the second nano-capture system. A first intake valve 2 is provided on the first intake manifold 3. A second intake valve 9 is provided on the second intake manifold 10. A first exhaust valve 7 is provided on the first exhaust manifold 8. A second exhaust valve 14 is provided on the second exhaust manifold 15.
[0048] The first nano-capture system includes a first housing 17 and a first filter layer 18; the first filter layer 18 is fixed inside the first housing 17 perpendicular to the air intake direction.
[0049] The second nano-capture system includes a second housing 21 and a second filter layer 22; the second filter layer 22 is fixed inside the second housing 21 perpendicular to the air intake direction.
[0050] Both the first outer shell 17 and the second outer shell 21 are columnar structures. The first filter layer 18 and the second filter layer 22 are made of cordierite or mullite, and the ceramic fibers have an average diameter of 30-40 nm and a porosity of 40-50%. They can capture nanoparticles due to diffusion, interception, and inertial collision effects. As the particles accumulate on the fibers, they form a "dust cake", which further improves the capture efficiency.
[0051] The first temperature-controlled separation system includes a first heating pipe 4 containing a first heating wire, a first cooling pipe 6 containing coolant, and a first vibrator 5. Both the first heating pipe 4 and the first cooling pipe 6 are fixed inside the first housing 17 perpendicular to the air intake direction. The first heating pipe 4 has a semi-circular cross-section, and the first cooling pipe 6 is a U-shaped pipe including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The bottom of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected, and their combined cross-section is semi-circular. The first heating pipe 4 and the first cooling pipe 6 combine to form a total circular pipe, which is wrapped by a first filter layer 18. The upper and lower sides of the first heating pipe 4 are closed, and the first heating wire inside is connected to an external power source, controlled by an ECU. A first coolant valve controlled by an ECU is located above the first cooling pipe 6, and the other end is connected to the turbocharger air-cooling circuit in the engine. The first vibrator 5 is installed between the two first filter layers 18 inside the first housing 17.
[0052] The second temperature-controlled separation system includes a second heating pipe 11 containing a second heating wire, a second cooling pipe 13 containing coolant, and a second vibrator 12. Both the second heating pipe 11 and the second cooling pipe 13 are fixed inside the second housing 21 perpendicular to the air intake direction. The second heating pipe 11 has a semi-circular cross-section, and the second cooling pipe 13 is a U-shaped pipe, including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The bottom of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected, and their combined cross-section is semi-circular. The second heating pipe 11 and the second cooling pipe 13 combine to form a total circular pipe, which is wrapped by a second filter layer 22. The upper and lower sides of the second heating pipe 11 are closed, and the second heating wire inside is connected to an external power source, controlled by the ECU. A second coolant valve controlled by the ECU is located above the second cooling pipe 13, and the other end is connected to the turbocharger air-cooling circuit in the engine. The second vibrator 12 is installed between the two second filter layers 22 inside the second housing 21.
[0053] The first and second heating wires are both made of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy or nickel-chromium alloy, and are processed into a wavy shape and installed in the first heating pipe 4 and the second heating pipe 11 respectively. At the same time, heat-conducting oil is also stored in the sealed heating pipes, which makes the filter layer more uniformly heated. The rapid temperature rise leads to greater thermal stress, and the nanoparticles can easily overcome the adhesion force and fall off.
[0054] The first particle storage unit includes a first collection tank 15 disposed below the first nano-capture system and a first connecting valve 14. The first connecting valve 14 is installed at the bottom of the first filter layer 18 and is connected to the ECU.
[0055] The second particle storage unit includes a second collection tank and a second connecting valve 23 disposed below the second nano-capture system. The second connecting valve 23 is installed at the bottom of the second filter layer 22 and is connected to the ECU.
[0056] The electronic control system includes an ECU and sensor components; the ECU and sensor components are connected for signal reception and feedback control.
[0057] The sensor assembly includes a flow sensor, a first mass sensor, a second mass sensor, a first differential pressure sensor, a second differential pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, and a second temperature sensor. The flow sensor is located at the front end of the main intake manifold 1. The first mass sensor is located inside the first collection tank 20. The second mass sensor is located inside the second collection tank 24. The first differential pressure sensor is located inside the first housing 17. The first temperature sensor is installed below the first vibrator 5. The second differential pressure sensor is located inside the second housing 21. The second temperature sensor is installed below the second vibrator 12. All of the above sensors are connected to the ECU.
[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, when the engine is started, the ECU determines the working status based on the flow rate and controls the working status and working time of the left and right parts respectively. The nanoparticles are captured by the filter layer. When the differential pressure sensor detects that the pressure is greater than the specified value, the regeneration mode is activated. That is, through multiple rapid temperature increases and decreases, the nanoparticles are separated from the filter layer under thermal stress and finally fall into the collection tank. The frequency of filter layer replacement is reduced, and the efficient and convenient recovery of nanoparticle catalysts in the exhaust gas of the nanocatalytic auxiliary ammonia internal combustion engine is achieved.
[0059] Example 2
[0060] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 This embodiment provides a method for recovering nanoparticles in a nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust gas, including the following steps:
[0061] Step 1: The engine starts, and the exhaust gas flows from the exhaust pipe into the main intake pipe 1. The flow sensor detects the intake air flow and sends the signal back to the ECU. The ECU then determines the system's on / off status.
[0062] Step 2: When the intake air flow rate is less than 50% of the maximum intake air flow rate, only the first particle storage unit, the first temperature-varying separation system, and the first nano-capture system are turned on. The second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nano-capture system remain closed. The first intake valve 2 and the first exhaust valve 7 are opened. The exhaust gas enters the first nano-capture system through the first intake manifold 3. The nanoparticles are retained on the surface of the first filter layer 18 due to diffusion, interception effect, and inertial collision. The remaining clean gas is discharged from the first exhaust manifold 8.
[0063] Step 3: The first differential pressure sensor continuously monitors the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. And the ECU will display the real-time pressure difference. Compare with the preset threshold P1;
[0064] Step 4, when At point P1, the nanoparticles pass through the first filter layer 18, maintaining a filtration-only state. The first vibrator 5 is turned off, the first heating wire is de-energized, and the first coolant valve is closed. As the working time increases, the number of nanoparticles captured on the first filter layer 18 increases. The increased size further improves capture efficiency;
[0065] when At point P1, the first differential pressure sensor sends a high load signal to the ECU. At this time, the first particle storage unit, the first temperature-varying separation system, and the first nanoparticle trapping system stop working, while the second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nanoparticle trapping system start working. The first intake valve 2 and the first exhaust valve 7 are closed. At the same time, the ECU energizes the first heating wire but keeps the first coolant valve closed. The first heating wire generates heat, causing the surrounding heat transfer oil temperature to rise. The first filter layer 18 and the adsorbed nanoparticles expand due to the heat.
[0066] Step 5: When the temperature T rises to the specified temperature T1, the first temperature sensor sends a signal to the ECU. The ECU cuts off the power to the first heating wire and opens the first coolant valve. The incoming coolant absorbs heat, causing the first filter layer 18 and the adsorbed nanoparticles to cool and shrink. The coolant with the increased temperature flows out of the first cooling pipe 6, and the new coolant continues to cool the first filter layer 18 and nanoparticles.
[0067] Step Six: When the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nano-capture system are working, steps four and five are repeated multiple times. The first variable temperature separation system repeatedly heats and cools the first nano-capture system. Due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the first filter layer 18 and the nanoparticles, the thermal stress on the nanoparticles is greater than the adsorption force given by the first filter layer 18, so they will separate from the first filter layer 18 and fall above the first connecting valve 19. At this time, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nano-capture system continue to work.
[0068] Step 7: After step 6 is completed, the ECU controls the first connecting valve 19 to open, and the nanoparticles fall into the first collection tank. At the same time, the first vibrator 5 is started, which further causes the nanoparticles remaining on the first filter layer 18 to be shaken off, thereby improving the collection efficiency.
[0069] Step 8: When the first mass sensor on the first collection tank 20 detects that the mass has increased to a certain value and then remains unchanged, the ECU controls the first vibrator to stop working, and at the same time cuts off the power supply to the first heating wire and closes the first coolant valve;
[0070] Step 9: When the second differential pressure sensor detects... At time P1, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer trapping system continue to operate, while the first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system, and the first nanometer trapping system remain off.
[0071] when At time P1, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer capture system stop working and start the variable temperature separation state. The first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system, and the first nanometer capture system take over the work of the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer capture system.
[0072] Step 10: When the flow sensor of the main intake pipe 1 detects that the intake flow rate is greater than 50% of the maximum intake flow rate, the first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system and the first nano-capture system, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system and the second nano-capture system work simultaneously, and the variable temperature separation state is alternately activated by the ECU.
[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A nanocatalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system, characterized in that, It includes an electronic control system, an intake and exhaust pipeline, a first particle storage unit, a second particle storage unit, a first variable temperature separation system, a second variable temperature separation system, a first nano-capture system, and a second nano-capture system; The intake and exhaust piping includes a main intake pipe (1), a first intake manifold (3), a second intake manifold (10), a main exhaust pipe (16), a first exhaust manifold (8), a second exhaust manifold (15), a first intake valve (2), a second intake valve (9), a first exhaust valve (7), and a second exhaust valve (14); one end of the main intake pipe (1) is connected to the engine exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to one end of the first intake manifold (3) and the second intake manifold (10); one end of the main exhaust pipe (16) is connected to the first exhaust manifold (8) and the second exhaust manifold (10). 5) One end is connected to the exhaust gas aftertreatment system; the other end of the first intake manifold (3) and the first exhaust manifold (8) enters the first nano-capture system, and the other end of the second intake manifold (10) and the second exhaust manifold (15) enters the second nano-capture system; the first intake manifold (3) is provided with a first intake valve (2); the second intake manifold (10) is provided with a second intake valve (9); the first exhaust manifold (8) is provided with a first exhaust valve (7); the second exhaust manifold (15) is provided with a second exhaust valve (14); The first nano-capture system includes a first housing (17) and a first filter layer (18); the first filter layer (18) is fixed inside the first housing (17) perpendicular to the air intake direction; The second nano-capture system includes a second housing (21) and a second filter layer (22); the second filter layer (22) is fixed inside the second housing (21) perpendicular to the air intake direction; The first temperature-switching separation system includes a first heating pipe (4) containing a first heating wire, a first cooling pipe (6) containing coolant, and a first vibrator (5); the first heating pipe (4) and the first cooling pipe (6) are both fixed inside the first housing (17) perpendicular to the air intake direction; the first heating pipe (4) has a semi-circular cross-section; the first cooling pipe (6) is a U-shaped pipe, including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the bottom of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected and the combined cross-section is semi-circular; the first heating pipe (4) and the first cooling pipe (6) are combined to form a total circular pipe, which is wrapped by a first filter layer (18) on the outside; the upper and lower sides of the first heating pipe (4) are closed, the first heating wire contained therein is connected to an external power source and is controlled by the ECU to turn on and off; a first coolant valve controlled by the ECU is provided above the first cooling pipe (6), and the other end is connected to the boost air cooling circuit in the engine; the first vibrator (5) is installed between the two first filter layers (18) inside the first housing (17); The second temperature separation system includes a second heating pipe (11) containing a second heating wire, a second cooling pipe (13) containing coolant, and a second vibrator (12); the second heating pipe (11) and the second cooling pipe (13) are both fixed inside the second housing (21) perpendicular to the air intake direction. The second heating pipe (11) has a semi-circular cross-section, and the second cooling pipe (13) is a U-shaped pipe, including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The bottom of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are connected and the combined cross-section is semi-circular. The second heating pipe (11) and the second cooling pipe (13) are combined to form a total circular pipe, which is wrapped by a second filter layer (22) on the outside; the upper and lower sides of the second heating pipe (11) are closed, and the second heating wire contained therein is connected to an external power source and is controlled by the ECU to turn on and off; a second coolant valve controlled by the ECU is provided above the second cooling pipe (13), and the other end is connected to the boost air cooling circuit in the engine; the second vibrator (12) is installed between the two second filter layers (22) inside the second housing (21); The first particle storage unit includes a first collection tank (20) disposed below the first nano-capture system and a first connecting valve (19). The first connecting valve (19) is installed at the bottom of the first filter layer (18) and connected to the ECU. The second particle storage unit includes a second collection tank (24) disposed below the second nano-capture system and a second connecting valve (23). The second connecting valve (23) is installed at the bottom of the second filter layer (22) and is connected to the ECU. The electronic control system includes an ECU and sensor components; the ECU and sensor components are connected for signal reception and feedback control.
2. The nano-catalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first outer shell (17) and the second outer shell (21) are columnar structures.
3. The nano-catalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor assembly includes a flow sensor, a first mass sensor, a second mass sensor, a first differential pressure sensor, a second differential pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, and a second temperature sensor; the flow sensor is located at the front end of the main intake pipe (1); the first mass sensor is located inside the first collection tank (20); the second mass sensor is located inside the second collection tank (24); the first differential pressure sensor is located inside the first housing (17); the first temperature sensor is installed below the first vibrator (5); the second differential pressure sensor is located inside the second housing (21); and the second temperature sensor is installed below the second vibrator (13).
4. The nano-catalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter layer (18) and the second filter layer (22) are made of cordierite or mullite, and the ceramic fibers have an average diameter of 30-40 nm and a porosity of 40-50%.
5. The nano-catalytic-assisted ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust nanoparticle recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heating wire and the second heating wire are both made of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy or nickel-chromium alloy, and are processed into a wave shape and installed in the first heating pipe (4) and the second heating pipe (11) respectively. At the same time, heat-conducting oil is also stored in the first heating pipe (4) and the second heating pipe (11).
6. The recovery method of the nanoparticle recovery system for ammonia internal combustion engine exhaust gas according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The engine is started and the exhaust gas generated flows from the exhaust pipe into the main intake pipe (1). The flow sensor detects the intake flow and feeds the signal back to the ECU. The ECU determines the system's on / off status. Step 2: When the intake flow rate is less than 50% of the maximum intake flow rate, only the first particle storage unit, the first temperature-varying separation system, and the first nano-capture system are turned on. The second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nano-capture system remain closed. The first intake valve (2) and the first exhaust valve (7) are opened. The exhaust gas enters the first nano-capture system through the first exhaust manifold (3). The nanoparticles are left on the surface of the first filter layer (18) due to diffusion, interception effect, and inertial collision. The remaining clean gas is discharged from the first exhaust manifold (8). Step 3: The first differential pressure sensor continuously monitors the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. And the ECU will display the real-time pressure difference. Compare with the preset threshold P1; Step 4, when At point P1, the first filter layer (18) maintains a filtration-only state, the first vibrator (5) is turned off, the first heating wire is de-energized, and the first coolant valve is closed. As the working time increases, the number of nanoparticles captured on the first filter layer (18) increases. Increase; when At P1, the first differential pressure sensor sends a high load signal to the ECU. At this time, the first particle storage unit, the first temperature separation system and the first nano-capture system stop working, and the second particle storage unit, the second temperature separation system and the second nano-capture system start working. The first intake valve (2) and the first exhaust valve (7) are closed. At the same time, the ECU powers the first heating wire, but keeps the first coolant valve closed. The first heating wire generates heat, which causes the temperature of the surrounding heat transfer oil to rise. The first filter layer (18) and the adsorbed nanoparticles expand due to heat. Step 5: When the temperature T rises to the specified temperature T1, the first temperature sensor sends a signal to the ECU. The ECU cuts off the power to the first heating wire and opens the first coolant valve. The incoming coolant absorbs heat, causing the first filter layer (18) and the adsorbed nanoparticles to cool and shrink. The coolant with the increased temperature flows out of the first cooling pipe (6), and the new coolant continues to cool the first filter layer (18) and nanoparticles. Step 6: When the second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nano-capture system are working, steps 4 and 5 are repeated multiple times. The first temperature-varying separation system repeatedly heats and cools the first nano-capture system. Due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the first filter layer (18) and the nanoparticles, the thermal stress on the nanoparticles is greater than the adsorption force given by the first filter layer (18), so they will separate from the first filter layer (18) and fall above the first connecting valve (19). At this time, the second particle storage unit, the second temperature-varying separation system, and the second nano-capture system continue to work. Step 7: After step 6 is completed, the ECU controls the first connecting valve (19) to open, and the nanoparticles fall into the first collection tank (20). At the same time, the first vibrator (5) is started, which further promotes the nanoparticles remaining on the first filter layer (18) to be shaken off, thereby improving the collection efficiency. Step 8: When the first mass sensor on the first collection tank (20) detects that the mass has increased to a certain value and then remains unchanged, the ECU controls the first vibrator (5) to stop working, and at the same time cuts off the power supply to the first heating wire and closes the first coolant valve; Step 9: When the second differential pressure sensor detects... At time P1, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nano-capture system continue to operate, while the first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system, and the first nano-capture system remain off. when At time P1, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer capture system stop working and start the variable temperature separation state. The first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system, and the first nanometer capture system take over the work of the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system, and the second nanometer capture system. Step 10: When the flow sensor of the main intake pipe (1) detects that the intake flow rate is greater than 50% of the maximum intake flow rate, the first particle storage unit, the first variable temperature separation system and the first nano-capture system, the second particle storage unit, the second variable temperature separation system and the second nano-capture system work simultaneously, and the variable temperature separation state is alternately activated by the ECU.