Assembly tool and assembly method for motor bearing

Abstract

The invention provides an assembly tool and an assembly method for a motor bearing, and solves the technical problems that the working performance of the bearing is reduced, the working efficiency is low, and manpower and time are consumed due to the fact that steel balls are easy to damage during assembly of the existing motor bearing. The tool comprises a base, a nut, a sleeve and a supporting rod with one end provided with threads. The bottom of the sleeve is connected to the base through threads. A middle cavity is formed in the upper portion of the sleeve. The nut is connected to the end, provided with the threads, of the supporting rod through the threads. The supporting rod and the nut are arranged in a middle cavity of the sleeve; a semi-arc groove is formed in the inner wall part of the sleeve, is communicated with a cavity in the middle of the sleeve, and is used for placing a steel ball; the inner diameter d1 of the sleeve is equal to c + 2a + a / 5; c is equal to b < 1 >-0.1; in the formula, c represents the diameter of the position, sleeved with the bearing retainer, of the supporting rod, a represents the diameter of the steel ball, and b1 represents the inner diameter of the bearing retainer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a precision assembly fixture and assembly method for gyroscope motor bearings, specifically to an assembly fixture and assembly method for motor bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Gyroscopes, as primary inertial components, are widely used in engineering projects such as aircraft and satellites. Bearings, as the core components of gyroscope motors, generate angular momentum; the magnitude and stability of this angular momentum directly affect the accuracy, reliability, and lifespan of the gyroscope. The bearings connecting the gyroscope motor's rotation shaft are extremely critical components, supporting the rotor and providing it with a stable and rigid axis of rotation. Gyroscope motors primarily use precision angular contact ball bearings, and the assembly quality of these bearings directly determines the quality of the motor.

[0003] The following problems exist in the assembly of existing angular contact bearings: 1) Low work efficiency, consuming manpower and time.

[0004] 2) When using tweezers to pick up steel balls and assemble them into the bearing cage, it is easy to cause some damage to the surface of the steel balls, which will lead to a decrease in the working performance of the bearing.

[0005] 3) It requires a high level of operator skill. During the assembly of bearings, the steel balls in the bearing cage are prone to falling out of the cage, causing damage and scrapping of the steel balls; at the same time, new steel balls must be reassembled in the bearing cage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of easy damage to steel balls in the assembly of existing angular contact bearings, which leads to a decrease in bearing performance and low work efficiency, and is labor-intensive and time-consuming. The invention provides an assembly fixture and assembly method for motor bearings.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An assembly fixture for an electric motor bearing is characterized by comprising a base, a nut, a sleeve with its central axis horizontally arranged, and a support rod with threads at one end, wherein the sleeve has a central cavity formed along its central axis. The bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve is threaded to the base. The upper part of the sleeve is provided with a semi-circular arc groove along the direction parallel to the central axis, and the semi-circular arc groove is connected to the middle cavity of the sleeve. The semi-circular arc groove is used to place steel balls. The support rod is used to connect the bearing cage. The threaded end of the support rod passes through the middle cavity of the sleeve and is connected to the nut. The inner diameter d1 of the sleeve is: d1 = c + 2a; c = b1 - 0.1; In the formula, c represents the inner diameter of the bearing cage on the support rod, a represents the diameter of the steel ball, and b1 represents the inner diameter of the bearing cage.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer diameter e of the nut is smaller than the inner diameter d1 of the sleeve, and larger than the inner diameter of the bearing cage.

[0009] Furthermore, the base is made of copper or stainless steel; The support rod is made of copper; The sleeve is made of plexiglass; The nut is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0010] Furthermore, the sleeve and support rod have smooth, burr-free surfaces with a roughness of less than 0.16 μm, and each edge is designed with a rounded corner structure.

[0011] Furthermore, a cylindrical platform is connected to the other end of the support rod; The outer diameter of the cylindrical platform is larger than the inner diameter d1 of the sleeve, and is used to limit the position of the support rod.

[0012] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides an assembly method for motor bearings, which is characterized by the following steps based on the above-mentioned assembly fixture for motor bearings: Step 1: After cleaning the motor bearing assembly tooling, tweezers, and chisels, place them on clean capacitor paper. Step 2: Use tweezers to install multiple clean bearing cages onto the support rod in sequence, then install the nuts onto the support rod and apply grease to the bearing cages; Step 3: Place the support rod with the bearing cage installed inside the sleeve, and place a certain number of clean steel balls in the semi-circular groove of the sleeve. Step 4: Rotate the support rod repeatedly inside the sleeve to allow the steel balls to enter the inner hole of the bearing cage, or move the bearing cage axially with a chisel to allow the steel balls to enter the inner hole of the bearing cage. Step 5: After completing the installation of all the steel balls in the bearing cage on the support rod, remove the support rod, remove the nut, and install the bearing cage filled with steel balls into the inner and outer rings of the bearing in sequence to complete the bearing assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 4, if the steel ball does not fully enter the inner hole of the bearing cage, the steel ball is propelled into the inner hole of the bearing cage by a chisel.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention provides an assembly fixture for motor bearings, which can assemble steel balls into bearing cages in one go, and assemble steel balls into multiple bearing cages at one time, thereby improving product assembly efficiency. It has a wide range of applications and can be applied to various motor models, including gyroscope motors.

[0015] 2. This invention provides an assembly fixture for motor bearings. By calculating the fit dimensions and installation dimensions between the steel balls, bearing cage and sleeve, it achieves precise and non-destructive assembly of motor bearings, effectively improving the assembly quality of motors.

[0016] 3. This invention provides an assembly fixture for motor bearings, which also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, low manufacturing cost, and no need for special maintenance and upkeep.

[0017] 4. This invention provides an assembly method for motor bearings, which is widely feasible, simple to operate, and can effectively improve the production efficiency of motor bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an assembly fixture for a motor bearing according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in an embodiment of an assembly tooling for a motor bearing according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the sleeve in an embodiment of the assembly tooling for a motor bearing according to the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nut structure in an embodiment of the assembly tooling for a motor bearing according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support rod structure in an embodiment of the assembly tooling for a motor bearing according to the present invention.

[0019] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-Base; 2-Nut; 3-Sleeve; 4-Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To achieve precise assembly of motor (especially gyroscope motor) bearings and improve assembly quality and efficiency, a bearing assembly fixture and method were designed and developed. Primarily used for motor bearing installation, this method aims to achieve, while ensuring bearing surface quality, the assembly of steel balls into the bearing cage in a single operation by calculating the fit and installation dimensions between the steel balls, bearing cage, and sleeve. Furthermore, it allows for the simultaneous assembly of steel balls into multiple bearing cages, thereby improving product assembly efficiency. This embodiment provides a motor bearing installation fixture, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base 1, a nut 2, a sleeve 3, and a support rod 4 with threads at one end.

[0022] The base 1 is made of copper or stainless steel. When using it, place the base 1 on a workbench. The base 1 can be... Figure 2 The structure shown has a relatively heavy and large base 1, which serves to fix the tooling.

[0023] The central axis of sleeve 3 is horizontally set, and the bottom of its outer wall is threaded to base 1, providing a stable external environment for the installation of steel balls. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a central cavity is formed in the middle of the sleeve 3 along the central axis, and a semi-circular groove is formed on the upper part of the sleeve 3 along the direction parallel to the central axis. The semi-circular groove is connected to the central cavity of the sleeve 3 and is used to place steel balls.

[0024] Support rod 4 is used to fit the bearing cage. Multiple bearing cages can be fitted sequentially during each assembly. However, a certain distance needs to be left between the bearing cage and nut 2 to allow the bearing cage to move flexibly along the axial direction and improve assembly efficiency.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, the nut 2 is threaded to one end of the support rod 4, and the nut 2 is used to limit the position of the support rod 4.

[0026] The part of the support rod 4 that is fitted with the bearing cage is located in the middle cavity of the sleeve 3, and the bearing cage is filled by steel balls in the semi-circular groove.

[0027] The sleeve 3 and support rod 4 have smooth, burr-free surfaces with a roughness of less than 0.16 μm, and each edge is rounded. This is to ensure that any foreign matter on the tooling surface does not affect the steel balls and bearing cage.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the other end of the support rod 4 is connected to a cylindrical platform; the outer diameter of the cylindrical platform is larger than the inner diameter d1 of the sleeve 3, and is used to limit the support rod 4.

[0029] In this embodiment, the fitting dimensions and installation dimensions between the steel balls, bearing cage, and sleeve are as follows: Assume the diameter of the steel ball is a, the inner diameter of the bearing cage is b1, the outer diameter is b2, and the thickness is (b2-b1) / 2, in mm.

[0030] The diameter c at the bearing cage connection point on support rod 4 is c = b1 - 0.1, unit: mm.

[0031] The diameter of support rod 4 is set to allow for a 0.1mm gap between it and the bearing cage. If the gap is too large, the mounting of the steel balls will be unstable, causing damage to the balls and preventing effective assembly. If the gap is too small, support rod 4 will cause wear to the bearing cage, affecting the motor's performance after the bearing is installed.

[0032] The inner diameter of sleeve 3 is d1, and the outer diameter is d2. Therefore, d1 = c + 2a + a / 5 (unit: mm). This dimension ensures that the steel ball rolls freely and flexibly within the gap between the support rod 4 and sleeve 3, while the steel ball is also within the bearing cage. If the gap is too small, the steel ball cannot be installed into the bearing cage; if the gap is too large, the steel ball cannot be properly secured within the bearing cage. Even if the steel ball is already assembled in the bearing cage, it may fall out during the rotation of the support rod 4. Therefore, a suitable inner diameter d1 must be selected based on the dimensions of the bearing cage and the steel ball to ensure that the steel ball is both secured in the bearing cage and can move freely within the gap between the support rod and sleeve.

[0033] In this embodiment, the semi-circular groove cannot be made into a through groove to ensure that the steel ball will not leak out of the semi-circular groove.

[0034] The outer diameter e of nut 2 is smaller than the inner diameter d1 of sleeve 3, but larger than the inner diameter of bearing cage. This ensures that the bearing cage on support rod 4 can rotate within sleeve 3, and also allows the bearing cage to be moved axially by a chisel, facilitating the installation of steel balls into empty bearing cage holes.

[0035] The materials of each component of the tooling in this embodiment are: The base 1 is made of copper or stainless steel; the support rod 4 is made of copper; the sleeve 3 is made of plexiglass; and the nut 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0036] This embodiment also provides a method for assembling motor bearings, including the following steps: Step 1: Clean each component of the tooling, as well as the tweezers and chisels, repeatedly to ensure the cleanliness of the tooling and avoid contamination from external foreign matter during the assembly of the steel balls and bearing cage. After cleaning, place them on clean capacitor paper. Step 2: Use tweezers to install multiple clean bearing cages onto the support rod 4 in sequence, install the nut 2 onto the support rod 4, and use a chisel to apply grease to the bearing cages to ensure that the bearing cages are evenly coated with a layer of grease. Step 3: Place the support rod 4 with the bearing cage installed inside the sleeve 3, and place a certain number of clean steel balls in the semi-circular groove of the sleeve 3. Step 4: Rotate the support rod 4 multiple times inside the sleeve 3 to allow the steel balls to enter the inner hole of the bearing cage. Alternatively, the bearing cage can be moved axially by a chisel to allow the steel balls to enter the inner hole of the bearing cage. Check the installation of steel balls in the bearing cage. If the steel balls are not fully inserted into the inner hole of the bearing cage, use a chisel to move the steel balls into the inner hole of the bearing cage. Ensure that each bearing cage is filled with steel balls.

[0037] Step 5: After completing the installation of all the steel balls in the bearing cage on the support rod 4, remove the support rod 4, remove the nut 2, and install the bearing cage filled with steel balls into the inner and outer rings of the bearing in sequence to complete the bearing assembly.

[0038] This embodiment describes an assembly fixture and method for motor bearings, which can be used for assembling precision angular contact ball bearings in gyroscope motors. As of 2025, approximately 21,000 motors have been produced using the newly designed fixture and optimized and improved bearing assembly technology. On average, 8 bearings are assembled in 60 minutes, with each bearing taking 7 to 8 minutes. Compared to other assembly fixtures and methods, which take 12 to 15 minutes per bearing, the efficiency is doubled.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An assembly fixture for an electric motor bearing, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a nut (2), a sleeve (3) with its central axis set horizontally, and a support rod (4) with threads at one end. The sleeve (3) has a central cavity along its central axis. The bottom of the outer wall of the sleeve (3) is connected to the base (1) by a thread. The upper part of the sleeve (3) is provided with a semi-circular arc groove along the direction parallel to the central axis. The semi-circular arc groove is connected to the middle cavity of the sleeve (3), and the width of the connection is greater than the diameter of the steel ball. The support rod (4) is used to connect to the bearing cage; The nut (2) is connected to the threaded end of the support rod (4) and is used to limit the bearing cage; one end of the support rod (4) passes through the middle cavity of the sleeve (3) so that the bearing cage is located at the bottom of the semi-circular groove, which is used to place steel balls so that the steel balls enter the bearing cage. The inner diameter d1 of the sleeve (3) is: d1 = c + 2a + a / 5; c = b1 - 0.1; In the formula, c represents the diameter of the bearing cage on the support rod (4), a represents the diameter of the steel ball, and b1 represents the inner diameter of the bearing cage.

2. The assembly fixture for a motor bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter e of the nut (2) is smaller than the inner diameter d1 of the sleeve (3) and larger than the inner diameter of the bearing cage.

3. The assembly fixture for a motor bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is made of copper or stainless steel; The support rod (4) is made of copper; The sleeve (3) is made of plexiglass; The nut (2) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The assembly fixture for a motor bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (3) and support rod (4) have smooth, burr-free surfaces with a roughness of less than 0.16 μm, and each edge is set with a rounded corner structure.

5. The assembly fixture for a motor bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the support rod (4) is connected to a columnar platform; The outer diameter of the cylindrical platform is larger than the inner diameter d1 of the sleeve (3), and is used to limit the support rod (4).

6. A method for assembling an electric motor bearing, characterized in that: An assembly fixture for a motor bearing according to any one of claims 1-5 includes the following steps: Step 1: After cleaning the motor bearing assembly tooling, tweezers, and chisels, place them on clean capacitor paper. Step 2: Use tweezers to install multiple clean bearing cages onto the support rod (4) in sequence, then install the nut (2) onto the support rod (4) and apply grease to the bearing cages; Step 3: Place the support rod (4) with the bearing retainer installed inside the sleeve (3), and place a certain number of clean steel balls in the semi-circular groove of the sleeve (3); Step 4: Rotate the support rod (4) multiple times inside the sleeve (3) to allow the steel balls to enter the inner hole of the bearing cage, or move the bearing cage axially with a chisel to allow the steel balls to enter the inner hole of the bearing cage. Step 5: After completing the installation of all the steel balls in the bearing cage on the support rod (4), remove the support rod (4), remove the nut (2), and install the bearing cage filled with steel balls into the inner and outer rings of the bearing in sequence to complete the assembly of the bearing.

7. The assembly method of a motor bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, if the steel ball does not fully enter the inner hole of the bearing cage, use a chisel to move the steel ball into the inner hole of the bearing cage.

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