Method and system for quickly assigning parameters to digital detonators in large-scale blasting

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for quickly assigning parameters to digital detonators in large-scale blasting, and relates to the technical field of surface mine blasting. Comprising the steps that a four-dimensional blast hole parameter database containing space coordinates and detonation time is established; constructing a differential positioning reference network; performing real-time differential positioning by using an intelligent scanning handbook; automatically matching blast holes and calling four-dimensional parameters; scanning and identifying a detonator and writing a detonation time parameter; and updating the parameter assignment state. According to the method, the four-dimensional parameter model and the differential positioning technology are combined, rapid, accurate and automatic assignment of digital detonator parameters is achieved, the single-hole parameter assignment time is shortened to be within 30 seconds from 2-3 minutes, the efficiency of large-scale blasting operation is remarkably improved, manual operation errors are eliminated, and the method has important practical application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-pit mine blasting technology, and in particular to a method and system for rapidly assigning parameters to digital detonators in large-scale blasting. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of open-pit mining, large-scale blasting operations have become commonplace. Digital electronic detonators, due to their high delay accuracy and good safety, are widely used in large-scale open-pit mine blasting. However, in actual operations, there are still many technical bottlenecks in the parameter setting process of digital electronic detonators, which seriously restricts the improvement of blasting efficiency and safety levels.

[0003] In existing technologies, the parameter assignment of digital electronic detonators mainly suffers from the following problems: First, the traditional method requires operators to carry scanning equipment to scan, register, and assign parameters to detonators in each blast hole. In large-scale blasting projects, the number of blast holes often reaches hundreds or even thousands. Using the traditional method for parameter assignment is time-consuming and labor-intensive, which seriously affects the overall progress of the operation.

[0004] Secondly, the detonation time needs to be manually entered by the operators after consulting tables or calculating based on the location of the blast holes. This process is highly dependent on the experience of the personnel and the standardization of operation, and is very prone to human error, which may affect the blasting effect or even cause safety hazards.

[0005] Third, traditional borehole design usually only focuses on spatial coordinates (X, Y, Z), while the detonation delay parameter is designed separately. The two are not organically integrated, which requires repeated verification and comparison during on-site operations, increasing the complexity of the operation and the probability of errors.

[0006] Fourth, the parameters that have been determined in the design phase need to be re-entered after arriving on site, resulting in a lot of repetitive information processing work, which wastes human resources and increases the risk of data inconsistency.

[0007] Therefore, a method and system for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a method and system for rapidly assigning parameters to digital detonators in large-scale blasting.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention 660 adopts the following technical solution: a method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting, comprising the following steps: S1. Establish a four-dimensional borehole parameter database: Based on the blasting design scheme, establish a four-dimensional parameter record for each borehole, including spatial coordinates (X, Y, Z) and detonation time (T), and upload it to the data server; S2. Construct a differential positioning reference network: Set up at least three fixed reference points with known precise coordinates in the blasting operation area. The reference points constitute the reference coordinate system for differential positioning. S3. Real-time differential positioning: Using an intelligent scanning handheld device with differential positioning function, it receives the differential correction signal of the reference point and calculates and obtains the high-precision coordinates of the current working position in real time. S4. Automatic borehole matching: The real-time coordinates obtained by the intelligent scanning handbook are compared with the four-dimensional borehole parameter database. When the spatial distance between the real-time coordinates and the coordinates of a certain borehole is less than the preset matching threshold, the matching is determined to be successful, and the four-dimensional parameters of the borehole are automatically retrieved. S5. Detonator Identification and Parameter Writing: The digital electronic detonator inside the blast hole is identified by scanning with an intelligent scanning handheld device, establishing the association between the detonator and the blast hole, and writing the detonation time T parameter into the storage chip of the digital electronic detonator. S6. Status Update and Confirmation: The digital electronic detonator returns a confirmation signal indicating that the parameters have been successfully written, and the data server updates the parameter assignment status of the borehole to "completed".

[0010] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the calculation formula for the detonation time T is: T = T0 + n × Δt1 + m × Δt2; where T0 is the reference start time of the detonation network, n is the sequence number of the borehole, m is the borehole number in the row, Δt1 is the inter-row delay time, and Δt2 is the inter-hole delay time.

[0011] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, in step S2, the three fixed reference points are distributed non-collinearly to form a positioning triangular network, and the distance between the reference points is not less than 1 / 3 of the maximum diagonal length of the blasting operation area.

[0012] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the differential positioning adopts RTK real-time dynamic differential positioning technology or network RTK technology, and the positioning accuracy reaches ±2cm in plane and ±5cm in elevation.

[0013] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, the preset matching threshold R is in the range of 0.3m to 0.5m, and the matching determination condition is: d = <R; When multiple boreholes meet the matching conditions, the borehole with the smallest spatial distance d is selected as the matching result.

[0014] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, in step S5, the detonator identification method includes QR code scanning identification or RFID radio frequency identification; the parameter writing adopts NFC near field communication or dedicated wired interface communication.

[0015] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, it also includes step S7: parameter assignment completion check. After all parameter assignment operations are completed, the data server automatically counts the number of boreholes that have been assigned parameters and those that have not been assigned parameters, generates a parameter assignment completion rate report, and provides positioning prompts for boreholes that have not been assigned parameters.

[0016] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, the four-dimensional borehole parameter database also includes the following fields: borehole number, borehole depth, charge amount, plugging length, detonator number, parameter assignment status, parameter assignment time, and operator information.

[0017] A system for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting includes: The data server is used to store and manage the four-dimensional borehole parameter database, and to receive and process the parameter assignment records uploaded by the intelligent scanning handbook. A differential positioning reference station is set up in the blasting operation area, including at least three fixed reference points with known precise coordinates, for sending differential correction signals; The intelligent scanning handheld device includes: a differential GNSS positioning module for receiving satellite signals and differential correction signals to calculate the high-precision coordinates of the current position; a wireless communication module for data interaction with a data server; a detonator identification module for scanning and identifying the identity information of digital electronic detonators; a parameter writing module for writing the detonation time parameters into the digital electronic detonator; and a main control processing unit for executing coordinate matching algorithms, controlling the collaborative work of various modules, and providing human-machine interaction display.

[0018] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, the intelligent scanning handbook further includes: a display screen for displaying the current positioning coordinates, matching borehole information, detonation parameters and operation prompts; a confirmation button for triggering parameter writing operation after the operator confirms the matching result; and a speaker for broadcasting the matching result and operation instructions.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention automatically matches and retrieves parameters, avoiding manual input errors and eliminating human error at the source. By identifying four-dimensional parameters, it directly connects the design end to the on-site construction end, achieving seamless information integration and avoiding repeated data entry. At the same time, the parameter assignment time, operator, and positioning information of each detonator can be recorded and traced, facilitating quality management and accident analysis. Furthermore, it adopts RTK differential positioning technology, achieving a planar positioning accuracy of ±2cm and an elevation accuracy of ±5cm, meeting the accuracy requirements for borehole matching. It reduces the parameter assignment time for a single borehole from 2-3 minutes to less than 30 seconds, increasing efficiency by 4-6 times, and is suitable for large-scale open-pit mine blasting operations with hundreds or thousands of boreholes. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the rapid parameter assignment system for large-scale blasting digital detonators of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the rapid parameter assignment method for large-scale blasting digital detonators of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a spatial distribution diagram of the boreholes in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detonation timing of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate matching principle of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent scanning handbook structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 Please see Figure 1-6 This invention discloses a method for rapidly assigning parameters to digital detonators in large-scale blasting, comprising the following steps: S1. Establish a four-dimensional borehole parameter database: Based on the blasting design scheme, establish a four-dimensional parameter record for each borehole, including spatial coordinates (X, Y, Z) and detonation time (T), and upload it to the data server; S2. Construct a differential positioning reference network: Set up at least three fixed reference points with known precise coordinates in the blasting operation area. The reference points constitute the reference coordinate system for differential positioning. S3. Real-time differential positioning: Use an intelligent scanning field book with differential positioning function to receive the differential correction signal of the reference point and calculate the high-precision coordinates of the current operation position in real time; S4. Automatic matching of blast holes: Compare the real-time coordinates obtained by the intelligent scanning field book with the four-dimensional blast hole parameter database. When the spatial distance between the real-time coordinates and the coordinates of a certain blast hole is less than the preset matching threshold, it is determined that the matching is successful, and the four-dimensional parameters of the blast hole are automatically retrieved; S5. Detonator identification and parameter writing: Scan and identify the identity information of the digital electronic detonator in the blast hole through the intelligent scanning field book, establish the association relationship between the detonator and the blast hole, and write the detonation time T parameter into the storage chip of the digital electronic detonator; S6. Status update and confirmation: The digital electronic detonator returns a confirmation signal of successful parameter writing, and the data server updates the parameter assignment status of the blast hole to completed.

[0023] Further, in step S1, the calculation formula for the detonation time T is: T = T0 + n × Δt1 + m × Δt2; where, T0 is the reference start time of the detonation network, n is the sorting number where the blast hole is located, m is the hole number of the blast hole in this row, Δt1 is the delay time between rows, and Δt2 is the delay time between holes.

[0024] Further, in step S2, the three fixed reference points are non-collinear and form a positioning triangulation network, and the distance between the reference points is not less than 1 / 3 of the maximum diagonal length of the blasting operation area.

[0025] Further, in step S3, the differential positioning adopts RTK real-time kinematic differential positioning technology or network RTK technology, and the positioning accuracy reaches ±2 cm in the plane and ±5 cm in elevation.

[0026] Further, please refer to Figure 3 , where X is the eastward coordinate, Y is the northward coordinate, and Z is the elevation coordinate. In step S4, the value range of the preset matching threshold R is 0.3 m to 0.5 m, and the matching determination condition is: d = <R; when there are multiple blast holes that meet the matching conditions at the same time, select the blast hole with the smallest spatial distance d as the matching result.

[0027] Further, in step S5, the detonator identification methods include two-dimensional code scanning identification or RFID radio frequency identification; the parameter writing adopts NFC near-field communication method or dedicated wired interface communication method.

[0028] Further, it also includes step S7: Parameter assignment completeness check. After all parameter assignment operations are completed, the data server automatically counts the number of blast holes with completed parameter assignment and uncompleted parameter assignment, generates a parameter assignment completion rate report, and gives a positioning prompt for the blast holes with uncompleted parameter assignment.

[0029] The four-dimensional borehole parameter database also includes the following fields: borehole number, borehole depth, charge amount, plugging length, detonator number, parameter assignment status, parameter assignment time, and operator information.

[0030] Please see Figure 6 A system for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting includes: The data server is used to store and manage the four-dimensional borehole parameter database, and to receive and process the parameter assignment records uploaded by the intelligent scanning handbook. A differential positioning reference station is set up in the blasting operation area, including at least three fixed reference points with known precise coordinates, for sending differential correction signals; The intelligent scanning handheld device includes: a differential GNSS positioning module for receiving satellite signals and differential correction signals to calculate the high-precision coordinates of the current position; a wireless communication module for data interaction with a data server; a detonator identification module for scanning and identifying the identity information of digital electronic detonators; a parameter writing module for writing the detonation time parameters into the digital electronic detonator; and a main control processing unit for executing coordinate matching algorithms, controlling the collaborative work of various modules, and providing human-machine interaction display.

[0031] Furthermore, the intelligent scanning handbook also includes: a display screen for showing the current positioning coordinates, matching borehole information, detonation parameters, and operation prompts; a confirmation button for the operator to confirm the matching result and trigger the parameter writing operation; and a speaker for broadcasting the matching result and operation instructions.

[0032] Conventional large-scale open-pit mine blasting operations: A bench blasting operation was carried out in the open-pit iron mine. A total of 800 blast holes were arranged in a matrix layout of 20 rows × 40 holes, with a hole spacing of 5m, a row spacing of 4.5m, and a hole depth of 12m.

[0033] First, the blasting design was completed. Based on the geological conditions and blasting requirements, the inter-row delay Δt1=50ms and the inter-hole delay Δt2=25ms were designed. A database file containing the four-dimensional parameters (X,Y,Z,T) of all 800 blast holes was generated and uploaded to the cloud server.

[0034] Then, three stable rock outcrops around the blasting area were selected as reference points, and their coordinates were accurately measured using a total station to set up a GNSS reference station. The operators entered the work area with a smart scanning handheld device, which automatically connected to the reference station to obtain differential correction data.

[0035] The operators move to each blast hole in sequence. The handheld device displays the current coordinates in real time and automatically matches the nearest blast hole. After confirming that the match is correct, the operator scans the QR code of the detonator inside the blast hole and sets the detonation time parameters with one click.

[0036] The parameter assignment for 800 blast holes was completed within 4 hours during the entire operation.

[0037] Example 2 Example 1 has illustrated the core process of the present invention. To further verify the feasibility of the present invention and clarify its adaptability in complex scenarios, Example 2 will be used to provide a detailed description.

[0038] Parameter assignment under complex terrain conditions: The terrain in the blasting area of ​​the open-pit coal mine is undulating, with an elevation difference of up to 30m. Under these conditions, by using the elevation coordinate Z to participate in the matching calculation, the system can still accurately identify and match blast holes even in environments with obstructed visibility and complex terrain. The system automatically filters blast holes in the same plane on adjacent steps to avoid mismatches.

[0039] Example 3 Example 1 has illustrated the core process of the present invention. To further verify the feasibility of the present invention and clarify its adaptability in complex scenarios, Example 2 will be used to provide a detailed description.

[0040] Operations in areas with poor network coverage: In some remote mining areas, mobile network signals are weak; this invention supports offline operation mode: before operation, the four-dimensional parameter database is pre-downloaded to the local storage of the intelligent scanning handheld device. During the operation, the handheld device completes coordinate matching and parameter writing locally. When the network connection is restored after the operation, the parameter recording is automatically synchronized to the server.

[0041] Example 4 Example 1 has illustrated the core process of the present invention. To further verify the feasibility of the present invention and clarify its adaptability in complex scenarios, Example 2 will be used to provide a detailed description.

[0042] Multi-person collaborative work: For large-scale blasting operations, multiple intelligent scanning handheld devices can be configured to operate simultaneously; each handheld device reports its parameter assignment progress to the server in real time, and the server automatically coordinates task allocation to avoid duplicate parameter assignment; managers can view the location and progress of each operator in real time through the monitoring terminal to achieve refined management.

[0043] In summary, this invention avoids manual input errors by automatically matching and retrieving parameters, eliminating human error at its source. By identifying four-dimensional parameters, it directly connects the design end to the on-site construction end, achieving seamless information integration and avoiding repeated data entry. Furthermore, the parameter assignment time, operator, and positioning information for each detonator can be recorded and traced, facilitating quality management and accident analysis. Employing RTK differential positioning technology, the planar positioning accuracy can reach ±2cm, and the elevation accuracy can reach ±5cm, meeting the accuracy requirements for borehole matching. This reduces the parameter assignment time for a single borehole from 2-3 minutes to less than 30 seconds, increasing efficiency by 4-6 times, making it suitable for large-scale open-pit mine blasting operations with hundreds or thousands of boreholes.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] The various embodiments in this disclosure are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Establish a four-dimensional borehole parameter database: Based on the blasting design scheme, establish a four-dimensional parameter record for each borehole, including spatial coordinates (X,Y,Z) and detonation time (T), and upload it to the data server; S2. Construct a differential positioning reference network: Set up at least three fixed reference points with known precise coordinates in the blasting operation area. The reference points constitute a reference coordinate system for differential positioning. S3. Real-time differential positioning: Using an intelligent scanning handheld device with differential positioning function, it receives the differential correction signal of the reference point and calculates and obtains the high-precision coordinates of the current working position in real time. S4. Automatic matching of boreholes: The real-time coordinates obtained by the intelligent scanning handbook are compared with the four-dimensional borehole parameter database. When the spatial distance between the real-time coordinates and the coordinates of a certain borehole is less than the preset matching threshold, the matching is determined to be successful, and the four-dimensional parameters of the borehole are automatically retrieved. S5. Detonator identification and parameter writing: The digital electronic detonator inside the blast hole is identified by scanning the identification information of the digital electronic detonator through the intelligent scanning handbook, the association between the detonator and the blast hole is established, and the detonation time T parameter is written into the storage chip of the digital electronic detonator. S6. Status Update and Confirmation: The digital electronic detonator returns a confirmation signal indicating that the parameters have been successfully written, and the data server updates the parameter assignment status of the borehole to "completed".

2. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the formula for calculating the detonation time T is: T = T0 + n × Δt1 + m × Δt2; where T0 is the reference start time of the detonation network, n is the sequence number of the borehole, m is the borehole number in the row, Δt1 is the inter-row delay time, and Δt2 is the inter-hole delay time.

3. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the three fixed reference points are non-collinearly distributed to form a positioning triangular network, and the distance between the reference points is not less than 1 / 3 of the maximum diagonal length of the blasting operation area.

4. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, differential positioning uses RTK real-time dynamic differential positioning technology or network RTK technology, and the positioning accuracy reaches ±2cm in plane and ±5cm in elevation.

5. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the preset matching threshold R ranges from 0.3m to 0.5m, and the matching determination condition is: d = < R; When multiple boreholes satisfy the matching condition, the borehole with the smallest spatial distance d is selected as the matching result.

6. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the detonator identification method includes QR code scanning identification or RFID radio frequency identification; the parameter writing adopts NFC near field communication or dedicated wired interface communication.

7. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes step S7: parameter assignment completion check. After all parameter assignment operations are completed, the data server automatically counts the number of boreholes that have been assigned parameters and those that have not, generates a parameter assignment completion rate report, and provides location prompts for boreholes that have not been assigned parameters.

8. The method for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-dimensional borehole parameter database also includes It includes the following fields: borehole number, borehole depth, charge amount, plugging length, detonator number, parameter assignment status, parameter assignment time, and operator information.

9. A system for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting, characterized in that, include: The data server is used to store and manage the four-dimensional borehole parameter database, and to receive and process the parameter assignment records uploaded by the intelligent scanning handbook. A differential positioning reference station is set up in the blasting operation area, including at least three fixed reference points with known precise coordinates, for sending differential correction signals; The intelligent scanning handbook includes: a differential GNSS positioning module, used to receive satellite signals and differential correction signals, and calculate the high-precision coordinates of the current position; The wireless communication module is used for data interaction with the data server; the detonator identification module is used for scanning and identifying the identity information of the digital electronic detonator; the parameter writing module is used for writing the detonation time parameter into the digital electronic detonator; and the main control processing unit is used for executing the coordinate matching algorithm, controlling the collaborative work of each module, and human-machine interaction display.

10. The system for rapid parameter assignment of digital detonators in large-scale blasting according to claim 9, characterized in that: The intelligent scanning handbook also includes: a display screen for displaying the current positioning coordinates, matching borehole information, detonation parameters, and operation prompts; a confirmation button for triggering parameter writing after the operator confirms the matching result; and a speaker for broadcasting the matching result and operation instructions.

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