Mine roadway air volume measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mine roadway air volume measurement method, which belongs to the technical field of mine safety, and comprises the following steps: selecting measurement points with stable air flow in a roadway, dividing the cross section of the roadway of each measurement point into a plurality of small areas at equal intervals, and numbering the small areas; using a special measuring device to accurately position an anemometer to the center of each small area in sequence to measure and record the wind speed; and finally calculating the total air volume of the roadway according to data of all measuring points and analyzing air speed distribution. The measuring device comprises a base with moving wheels, a vertical guide frame, a threaded rod driven by a servo motor and a sliding block, and an anemometer is installed on the sliding block through a connecting block. According to the invention, systematized and gridded accurate measurement of the wind speed of the section of the roadway is realized, the defects of limited height, nonstandard operation and insufficient data representativeness of traditional manual measurement are effectively overcome, and the device has the advantages of high measurement precision, simple and convenient operation, portable and movable equipment and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine safety technology, specifically, it relates to a method for measuring air volume in mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] Mine ventilation is a core component of ensuring safe coal mine production, and accurately determining the air volume in roadways is fundamental for making decisions regarding ventilation system control, disaster prevention, and management. Currently, the measurement of mine roadway air volume generally follows the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations," using an anemometer to measure the average wind speed across the roadway cross-section, which is then multiplied by the net cross-sectional area of ​​the roadway for calculation.

[0003] Traditional measurement methods primarily rely on anemometers holding mechanical or electronic anemometers, moving at a constant speed within the tunnel cross-section in a zigzag or S-shaped pattern, and recording the meter velocity by timing, which is then converted into the true average wind speed. This method has significant limitations: First, the measurement height is limited by the human arm span (usually no more than 2.5 meters). For modern large-section tunnels with greater cross-sectional heights (e.g., exceeding 3 meters), the top area becomes a measurement blind spot, leading to incomplete data and increased errors. Second, the accuracy of the measurement results is highly dependent on the anemometer's skill, the uniformity of their movement speed, and the rationality of their route selection. Human factors have a large influence, resulting in poor repeatability and making standardized measurements difficult to achieve.

[0004] To overcome the height limitations and human error inherent in manual measurements, the industry has implemented several technological improvements. For example, extending poles are used to raise the anemometer to higher positions, or automated measuring devices that can move along tracks are designed to cover more areas of the tunnel cross-section. However, these improvements still face new challenges: using simple extension poles requires frequent switching of measurement modes, making operation cumbersome and unable to guarantee the continuity and uniformity of the measurement process; while some complex fixed or laid-track measuring devices, although improving accuracy, often suffer from time-consuming and labor-intensive installation, bulky equipment, high costs, and difficulty in transferring them between different cross-sections. Especially for daily ventilation management requiring regular, multi-point inspections, the practicality and flexibility of these devices are insufficient.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies have not yet provided a roadway airflow measurement solution that achieves a good balance between measurement accuracy, operational efficiency, and equipment portability. Developing a simple measurement device and method that can be quickly deployed and accurately cover large cross-sections has become an urgent need for refined management of mine ventilation.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for measuring air volume in mine roadways. To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for measuring ventilation volume in mine roadways includes the following steps: S1, Select multiple measurement points in the roadway to ensure that there are no local obstacles within 10 meters before and after the measurement points and that the airflow is stable; S2, at each measurement point, the cross-section of the roadway is divided into n equally spaced small areas according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the roadway, and each small area is numbered; S3, push the measuring device to the cross-section of the measuring point, adjust the position of the anemometer to ensure that the anemometer is located in the center of the small area, and record the wind speed value after the anemometer reading stabilizes. S4, push the measuring device, and in conjunction with the controller, raise and lower the position of the anemometer to measure the wind speed of each small area at the measuring point in sequence; S5, until all measurement points are measured and recorded, calculate the tunnel air volume and analyze the wind speed distribution.

[0008] Furthermore, the measuring device includes a base, a moving wheel, a push rod, a guide frame, a threaded rod, a servo motor, a slider, and an anemometer. The moving wheel is mounted on the bottom surface of the base, the push rod is connected to the base, the guide frame is a long frame and is vertically mounted on the base, the threaded rod passes through the guide frame along its long axis, the servo motor is mounted on the top surface of the guide frame, one end of the threaded rod is driven and connected to the servo motor, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the guide frame, the slider is screwed to the threaded rod and slidably connected to the inner frame side wall of the guide frame, and the anemometer is connected to the slider through a connecting block.

[0009] Furthermore, the anemometer is mounted on the connecting block via a telescopic rod, and the anemometer is detachably connected to the telescopic rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide frame is mounted on the base via a turntable with locking capability.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, which is mounted on the outer wall of the guide frame and is electrically connected to the servo motor.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0013] (1) High measurement accuracy. The systematic measurement of multiple representative vertical profiles of the roadway cross-section overcomes the inherent defects of manual handheld measurement, such as limited height and uneven movement speed. It can effectively obtain wind speed data of the entire roadway height (including the blind spot at the top), and the measurement point location is precise and controllable. The cross-sectional average wind speed obtained by calculation methods such as area weighting is closer to the true value, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the air volume calculation results.

[0014] (2) Reduce human error. The measurement process is mainly executed by the servo motor controlled by the controller program. The rise and fall speed of the anemometer is constant, eliminating the influence of speed unevenness and route deviation caused by the individual operating habits and physical fluctuations of the anemometer. The measurement process is mechanized, which greatly reduces subjective and accidental errors introduced by human intervention, ensures the consistency and repeatability of the measurement results, and is conducive to the comparative analysis of measurement data from different periods and different personnel.

[0015] (3) Flexible and portable. The entire measuring device is integrated on a base with casters, making it compact and lightweight. It can be quickly pushed to the measuring point before measurement and moved away immediately after measurement, without the need for complicated installation or laying of fixed tracks. This "use and measure as needed, leave as soon as you're done" mode greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of measurement on site.

[0016] (4) Simple structure and low manufacturing and maintenance costs. The base, guide frame, threaded rod, servo motor, slider and other components used in the device are all common mechanical and electrical components with mature technology, which are easy to process or purchase and assemble in mining machine repair shops. The overall structure is simple and has no complex precision parts, which makes the manufacturing cost low, the failure rate in later operation is low, the maintenance is simple, and the economic practicality is strong, making it easy to promote and use in mining enterprises.

[0017] (5) High measurement efficiency. The optimized zonal measurement scheme (such as the three vertical line scanning in the implementation method) can complete the dense data collection of a cross section in a short time, which is more efficient than the traditional manual point-by-point measurement and reduces labor intensity.

[0018] In summary, this invention provides a roadway air volume measurement solution that achieves an excellent balance between measurement accuracy, ease of operation, field applicability, and economy. It effectively overcomes many shortcomings of existing technologies and provides a reliable technical means for the refined and scientific management of mine ventilation.

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring device structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Casters; 3. Push rod; 4. Threaded rod; 5. Servo motor; 6. Guide frame; 7. Slider; 8. Connecting block; 9. Anemometer; 10. Telescopic rod.

[0023] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: A grid-based method for measuring ventilation volume in mine roadways 1. Scenario Setting for the Implementation Example Taking a main intake ventilation roadway in a coal mine as an example, this roadway has a semi-circular arched cross-section, a net width of 4.2 meters, and a net height of 3.5 meters. It is supported by anchor mesh and shotcrete, and the roadway surface is relatively flat. The airflow in this roadway needs to be measured periodically to verify the status of the ventilation system.

[0026] 2. Measurement preparation and equipment inspection Equipment verification: Check that all components of the airflow measurement device (hereinafter referred to as the "measuring vehicle") are intact. (See attached document.) Figure 2 The diagram confirms that the motion wheel (2) rotates flexibly and brakes effectively; the servo motor (5) is connected to the controller normally and responds to commands accurately; the threaded rod (4) and the slider (7) transmit smoothly without jamming; the anemometer (9) has been calibrated and is within its validity period, and has sufficient power.

[0027] Measurement point selection: Based on the ventilation system diagram and on-site investigation, two representative measurement sections were selected in the roadway: Measurement point A: Located at the stable flow section at the entrance of this roadway, more than 50 meters away from the bend ahead.

[0028] Measurement point B: Located in the middle section of the roadway, about 15 meters from the connecting roadway entrance of the working face ahead.

[0029] Ensure that there are no accumulated materials or protruding equipment within 10 meters before and after each measurement point, and that the airflow is stable.

[0030] 3. Measurement Implementation Process (taking measurement point A as an example), in conjunction with Appendix Figure 1 Show S1: Site Layout and Area Division Push the measuring vehicle to the center line of the tunnel floor at measuring point A, and brake the driving wheels (2). The operator holds the push rod (3) to stabilize the vehicle. According to the tunnel dimensions (width 4.2m, height 3.5m), the measuring section is divided into 7 equally spaced height layers (i.e., n=7) in the vertical direction, with a layer height of about 0.5m; in the horizontal direction, by moving the measuring vehicle, it is planned to measure 5 vertical columns (the central column and two columns on each side). Give each small area to be measured a virtual number, such as "H1-W1" representing the first area in the lower left corner.

[0031] S2: Device Adjustment and Initial Positioning Adjust the angle of the guide frame (6) by using the turntable at the bottom to make it strictly perpendicular to the roadway floor and lock the turntable.

[0032] By setting the operating parameters of the servo motor (5) through the controller, the lifting stroke of the slider (7) covers the bottom plate to the top of the arch (0 to 3.5 meters).

[0033] Adjust the length of the telescopic rod (10) so that the anemometer (9) probe extends about 0.8 meters away from the guide frame (6) and ensures that it is in the center of the estimated position of the first small area to be measured (H1-W1, near the bottom of the left side).

[0034] S3: Gridded point-by-point measurement First column measurement (first column from left): Operate the controller to start the servo motor (5), which drives the slider (7) to raise the anemometer (9) at a constant speed. Pause at seven preset height points (e.g., 0.25m, 0.75m, 1.25m... 3.25m). At each pause, after the anemometer (9) reading stabilizes (approximately 15-20 seconds), record the wind speed value at that location (V_H1-W1, V_H2-W1, …V_H7-W1) either through the controller or manually. After completing the measurement from bottom to top of the column, control the anemometer (9) to return to its initial bottom position.

[0035] Horizontal movement and subsequent column measurements: Release the brake, push the measuring vehicle forward, and use the pre-made marks or distance measurement on the base plate to move the guide frame (6) horizontally by about 1.05 meters (4.2m / 4) to the second measurement position (W2) and fix the vehicle.

[0036] Repeat the above elevation measurement process to complete the wind speed measurement and recording at the 7 height points in the second column.

[0037] This process continues until all 35 small areas (5 columns × 7 layers) in 5 vertical columns from the left to the right side of the tunnel have been measured.

[0038] S4: Data Recording All wind speed data is recorded in real time in the controller's memory and simultaneously backed up by hand by the operator in a dedicated log sheet. The log sheet includes the measurement point number, area number, wind speed value, measurement time, and environmental notes.

[0039] S5: Repeated Measures Move the measuring vehicle to measuring point B and repeat all steps from S1 to S4 to complete the measurement of the second cross section.

[0040] 4. Data processing and air volume calculation Calculate the average wind speed at each measurement point: Treat the 35 wind speed data points obtained at each measurement point as measurements of 35 small areas of approximately equal size. Calculate the cross-sectional average wind speed (V_avg): Sum all 35 wind speed values ​​and divide by 35 to obtain the arithmetic mean wind speed of the cross section.

[0041] Example: Suppose the sum of 35 data points at measurement point A is 70 m / s, then V_avg_A = 70 / 35 = 2.0 m / s.

[0042] Calculate the air volume in the tunnel: Based on the tunnel design drawings or on-site measurements, the net cross-sectional area of ​​the semi-circular arched tunnel is determined to be S = 12.5 m².

[0043] The air volume is calculated using the formula Q = S × V_avg.

[0044] For measurement point A: Q_A = 12.5 m² × 2.0 m / s = 25.0 m³ / s.

[0045] Similarly, calculate the air volume Q_B at measurement point B.

[0046] Analysis and Application: Air volume assessment: Compare the calculated Q_A and Q_B with the ventilation design requirements and the values ​​specified in the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" to determine whether the air volume is sufficient.

[0047] Wind speed distribution analysis: Observing 35 data points reveals the distribution pattern of wind speed across the tunnel cross-section. Typically, the wind speed is highest in the central area (e.g., 2.5 m / s), while it is lower near the roof, floor, and sides (e.g., 1.2-1.6 m / s), consistent with the turbulent airflow characteristics of a tunnel. Analyzing the distribution map can help determine if there are any localized resistance anomalies.

[0048] Report generation: Compile the above steps, data, calculation results, and analysis conclusions to form a formal tunnel air volume measurement report for ventilation management decision-making.

[0049] 5. Summary of the advantages of the implementation examples The method described in this embodiment utilizes a specialized measuring vehicle capable of precise positioning and lifting to achieve systematic and grid-based point-by-point measurement of the tunnel cross-section. Compared to the traditional handheld anemometer's zigzag method, it has the following advantages: More representative data: By pre-dividing the grid, the measurement points are ensured to cover the entire cross section evenly, with no measurement blind spots, which better reflects the true wind speed distribution.

[0050] The operation is more standardized and the human error is smaller: the rise and fall of the anemometer is controlled by a motor at a uniform speed, eliminating the influence of uneven movement speed by humans; the position of the measuring point is fixed and clear, avoiding subjective route differences of the anemometer.

[0051] Enhanced safety: Operators are mainly positioned behind and to the side of the measuring vehicle for control and recording, eliminating the need to continuously expose their bodies to the entire cross-section of the tunnel while moving, making it safer in roadways or complex environments.

[0052] Efficiency and accuracy are balanced: Although it takes longer than single-point measurement, it is faster than building a complex fixed track system, and it maintains good operational flexibility while obtaining a large amount of highly representative data.

[0053] This method is particularly suitable for scenarios with high measurement accuracy requirements, such as ventilation resistance measurement, main roadway air volume calibration, and ventilation system optimization. It is an effective compromise and upgrade solution between traditional methods and fully automatic monitoring systems.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring air volume in mine roadways, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Select multiple measurement points in the roadway to ensure that there are no local obstacles within 10 meters before and after the measurement points and that the airflow is stable; S2, at each measurement point, the cross-section of the roadway is divided into n equally spaced small areas according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the roadway, and each small area is numbered; S3, push the measuring device to the measuring point section, adjust the position of the anemometer (9) to ensure that the anemometer (9) is located in the center of the small area, and record the wind speed value after the anemometer reading stabilizes; S4, push the measuring device and coordinate with the controller to raise and lower the position of the anemometer (9) to measure the wind speed of each small area of ​​the measuring point in sequence; S5, until all measurement points are measured and recorded, calculate the tunnel air volume and analyze the wind speed distribution.

2. The method for measuring ventilation volume in mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device includes a base (1), a moving wheel (2), a push rod (3), a guide frame (6), a threaded rod (4), a servo motor (5), a slider (7), and an anemometer (9). The moving wheel (2) is installed on the bottom surface of the base (1), the push rod (3) is connected to the base (1), the guide frame (6) is a long frame and is installed vertically on the base (1), the threaded rod (4) passes through the guide frame (6) along the long axis of the guide frame (6), the servo motor (5) is installed on the top surface of the guide frame (6), one end of the threaded rod (4) is driven and connected to the servo motor (5), and the other end is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the guide frame (6). The slider (7) is screwed to the threaded rod (4) and slidably connected to the inner frame side wall of the guide frame (6). The anemometer (9) is connected to the slider (7) through a connecting block (8).

3. The method for measuring ventilation volume in mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anemometer (9) is mounted on the connecting block (8) via a telescopic rod (10), and the anemometer (9) and the telescopic rod (10) are detachably connected.

4. The method for measuring ventilation volume in mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide frame (6) is mounted on the base (1) via a turntable with locking capability.

5. The method for measuring ventilation volume in mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is mounted on the outer wall of the guide frame (6) and is electrically connected to the servo motor (5).

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