Optical module, debugging method and optical equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an optical module, a debugging method and optical equipment. The optical module comprises a display panel, a first cholesteric liquid crystal film, a first electric control dimming device and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film, the first cholesteric liquid crystal film is arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel, the second cholesteric liquid crystal film and the first cholesteric liquid crystal film have the same circular dichroism, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film and the first cholesteric liquid crystal film are configured to reflect polarized light with the same rotation direction as the first cholesteric liquid crystal film and transmit polarized light with the rotation direction opposite to the first cholesteric liquid crystal film; the first electric control dimming device is configured to be time division multiplexing, can convert the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with opposite rotation directions in a power-off state, and maintains the polarization state of the transmitted polarized light in a power-on state. According to the optical module, when the polarized light is transmitted and reflected at the first cholesteric liquid crystal film and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film and is emitted from the first electric control dimming device in different polarization states, light loss cannot be generated, and the light emitting brightness and the imaging quality of the optical module can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical control device technology, and in particular to an optical module, a debugging method and an optical device. Background Technology

[0002] VR (Virtual Reality) is a technology that uses head-mounted display devices to provide users with an immersive experience of sight, hearing, and other senses, and enables them to interact with the virtual world in real time.

[0003] To control the size of VR devices, the optical modules used in related technologies use beam splitters and phase delay plates to refract light multiple times, thereby shortening the physical distance between the display panel and the lens and maintaining the effective optical path of light propagation, thus achieving a thinner and lighter device. However, light passing through beam splitters and phase delay plates will produce significant light loss, affecting the display effect of VR devices and the user's viewing experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide an optical module, debugging method and optical device to solve some or all of the technical problems mentioned above.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides an optical module, comprising:

[0006] The display panel has a light-emitting side; and a first cholesteric liquid crystal film, a first electrically controlled dimming device, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film are sequentially stacked; wherein... The first cholesteric liquid crystal film is disposed on the light-emitting side, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film has the same circular dichroism as the first cholesteric liquid crystal film; both the first cholesteric liquid crystal film and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film are configured to reflect polarized light with the same direction of rotation as themselves and transmit polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation as themselves. The first electronically controlled dimming device is configured for time-division multiplexing, which enables it to convert transmitted polarized light into polarized light with opposite rotation in the power-off state, and maintain the polarization state of transmitted polarized light in the power-on state.

[0007] Based on the same inventive concept, a second aspect of this application also provides a method for adjusting an optical module, the optical module comprising a display panel, a first cholesteric liquid crystal film, a first electronically controlled dimming device, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film stacked sequentially, and further comprising a lens assembly, the adjustment method comprising: Based on the focal length of the lens assembly and the preset image distance obtained after debugging, the object distance between the lens assembly and the display panel is determined. The total refracted optical path of light within the first electronically controlled dimming device is determined based on the object distance, the preset first distance between the lens assembly and one side of the first electronically controlled dimming device, and the preset second distance between the display panel and the other side of the first electronically controlled dimming device. Based on the total return optical path and the preset thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device, the number of times the light is returned within the first electronically controlled dimming device is determined, and the power-on time of the first electronically controlled dimming device in each debugging cycle is adjusted according to the number of returns.

[0008] Based on the same inventive concept, a third aspect of this application also provides an optical device, including the optical module as described in the first aspect.

[0009] As described above, this application provides an optical module, a debugging method, and optical equipment. The optical module employs a first cholesteric liquid crystal film and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film with identical circular dichroism, enabling both to reflect polarized light with the same direction of rotation and transmit polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation. Combined with a first electronically controlled dimming device that can be time-division multiplexed, it converts the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation when the power is off, and maintains the polarization state of the transmitted polarized light when the power is on. This allows the optical module to guide light to refract within the first electronically controlled dimming device. The first electronically controlled dimming device allows for flexible adjustment of the light refracting within the device, matching the refracting path with the optical path of the optical module, thus contributing to the lightweight and miniaturized design of the optical module. Furthermore, no light loss occurs when polarized light is transmitted and reflected at the first and second cholesteric liquid crystal films, or when it exits from the first electronically controlled dimming device with different polarization states, ensuring the output brightness and display quality of the optical module and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the optical structure using Pancake technology; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of light propagation in an optical structure using the Pancake technique; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the light loss in an optical structure using the Pancake technique; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first optical module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of light propagation in the optical module in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a timing signal feature diagram used to drive the display panel in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a timing signal feature diagram used to drive the first electronically controlled dimming device in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first electronically controlled dimming device in the power-off state in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first electrically controlled dimming device in the energized state in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a timing signal feature diagram used in the embodiments of this application for driving the second electronically controlled dimming device in the first way; Figure 11 This is a timing signal feature diagram for driving the second electronically controlled dimming device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second electrically controlled dimming device in the power-off state in the embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second electrically controlled dimming device in the energized state in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of optical module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third optical module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth optical module in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating the debugging method in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0013] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0014] VR and other optical devices provide users with an immersive sensory experience through real-time interaction with virtual environments, offering a superior visual and auditory experience. Furthermore, VR and other optical devices can incorporate Pancake (thin optical module) technology to achieve near-eye optical displays. This involves folding the light path to reduce the thickness of the optical module while maintaining image quality, thus achieving a slim and lightweight design. For example... Figure 1 As shown, an optical module used in an optical device may include a display panel 100, which has a light-emitting side 101 and a backlight side disposed opposite to each other; the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100 is provided with a first polarizer 102, and a beam splitter 103, a waveplate 104, a second polarizer 105 and a lens 106 are stacked sequentially on the light-emitting side 101 toward the light-emitting direction. Specifically, the display panel 100, as an image display device of the optical module, can generate corresponding light to achieve image display; the first polarizer 102 is disposed on the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100 and can control the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display panel 100. For example, when the first polarizer 102 disposed on the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100 is a circular polarizer, it can convert the natural light emitted by the display panel 100 into circularly polarized light; the beam splitter 103 can be a semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical element, which can split the incident light into transmitted light and reflected light according to a preset ratio, and use its polarization characteristics to guide the light to fold back multiple times in a limited space to fold the light path, such as a BS beam splitter.

[0015] Furthermore, the waveplate 104 can be used to rotate the polarization direction of the polarized light. For example, when the waveplate 104 is a 1 / 4 phase retardation waveplate 104, linearly polarized light can be converted into circularly polarized light after passing through at a polarization angle of 45°, and conversely, circularly polarized light can also be converted into linearly polarized light after passing through the phase retardation waveplate 104. When the waveplate 104 is a 1 / 2 phase retardation waveplate 104, it can be used to rotate the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light, that is, the angle between the polarization direction of the incident light and the optical axis of the waveplate 104 is 1 / 2°. At that time, the polarization direction of its emitted light will rotate by 2. Therefore, for P-polarized light with polarization parallel to the reference plane and S-polarized light with polarization perpendicular to the reference plane, the 1 / 2 phase delay waveplate 104 can convert P-polarized light into S-polarized light and also change the rotation direction of circularly polarized light, that is, convert right-handed circularly polarized light into left-handed circularly polarized light, or convert left-handed circularly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light. The second polarizer 105 can be a reflective polarizer, which can selectively reflect and transmit two polarized lights with different polarization directions. For example, the second polarizer 105 can reflect S-polarized light and transmit P-polarized light, or reflect P-polarized light and transmit S-polarized light. The lens 106 can compensate for the optical path caused by the optical path folding process, so as to converge the light after multiple reflections and polarization modulation and clearly image it on the user's retina, while correcting aberrations to ensure the image clarity within the field of view.

[0016] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the optical path system using Pancake technology can sequentially include a first polarizer 102, a beam splitter 103, a waveplate 104, a second polarizer 105, and a lens 106. Taking an example where the first polarizer 102 is a right-handed circular polarizer, the beam splitter 103 is a BS beam-splitting film, the waveplate 104 is a quarter-phase delay waveplate 104, and the second polarizer 105 is a reflective polarizer capable of reflecting P-polarized light and transmitting S-polarized light, the natural light generated when the display panel 100 is lit can be converted into right-handed circularly polarized light by the first polarizer 102. When the right-handed circularly polarized light irradiates the BS beam-splitting film, some reflection is lost, and some transmission occurs while maintaining the same polarization state. Then, the right-handed circularly polarized light passing through the BS beam-splitting film passes through the quarter-phase delay waveplate 104, undergoes phase delay, and is converted into P-polarized light. When the P-polarized light reaches the second polarizer, it is reflected by the second polarizer and then reflected again. The light passes through the 1 / 4 phase delay plate 104, during which a second phase delay occurs, reverting the P-linearly polarized light to right-hand circularly polarized light. When the right-hand circularly polarized light reaches the surface of the BS beam splitter again, due to the different direction of illumination on the BS beam splitter, the polarization state of the right-hand circularly polarized light is reversed during reflection by the BS beam splitter, thus converting the right-hand circularly polarized light into left-hand circularly polarized light, which then strikes the 1 / 4 phase delay plate 104 for the third time. After the left-hand circularly polarized light passes through the 1 / 4 phase delay plate 104 for the third time, a phase delay occurs, converting it into S-linearly polarized light. At this time, the S-linearly polarized light can pass smoothly through the second polarizer and exit along the light-emitting direction, and after being converged by the lens 106, it achieves a clear image in the human eye.

[0017] However, optical modules using Pancake technology still have some drawbacks. First, because Pancake technology relies on a semi-transparent, semi-reflective beam splitter to reflect and transmit light, approximately 50% light loss occurs each time light strikes the beam splitter 103; for example... Figure 3 As shown, if the initial brightness emitted by the display panel 100 is set to E, after the light is reflected multiple times through the folded optical path, the final brightness of the light emitted from the optical module is only 1 / 4 of the initial brightness (i.e., 1 / 4E). Therefore, during the use of the optical module using Pancake technology, severe light energy loss leads to low light output efficiency of the optical module, resulting in a dim image of the optical device using this optical module.

[0018] Secondly, optical modules employing pancake technology rely on specific optical films for their optical path folding height, phase delay waveplate 104, and reflective polarizers. These films are relatively expensive and their lamination process is complex, leading to significant assembly challenges. Furthermore, the extremely high requirements for the shape accuracy and surface smoothness of the films further increase the manufacturing cost of the optical modules. Additionally, while pancake technology can increase the effective optical path through optical path folding, the number of folds achievable for optical modules using different focal length lens assemblies 600 is limited and difficult to adjust flexibly. This results in a relatively large overall thickness for the optical modules, hindering the miniaturization and lightweight design of VR and other optical devices.

[0019] In view of this, a first aspect of this application provides an optical module, combined with Figures 4-16 The content shown provides a detailed description and explanation of the optical module.

[0020] An optical module includes a display panel 100 having a light-emitting side 101; it also includes a first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, a first electrically controlled dimming device 300, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 stacked sequentially; wherein the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 is disposed on the light-emitting side 101, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 has the same circular dichroism as the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200; both the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 are configured to reflect polarized light with the same direction of rotation as themselves and transmit polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation as themselves; the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is configured to time-division multiplex, and is capable of converting transmitted polarized light into polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation in the power-off state, and maintaining the polarization state of transmitted polarized light in the power-on state.

[0021] This application provides an optical module that can shorten the optical path of light by folding the optical path, and can be adapted to optical modules with different focal lengths by adjusting the number of folds in the optical path; such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figures 14-16 As shown, the optical module may include a display panel 100, which has a light-emitting side 101 and a backlight side disposed opposite to each other, for image display and for emitting specifically polarized light through the light-emitting side 101. It should be noted that, taking a liquid crystal display screen as an example, during the lighting phase of the display panel 100, to ensure the internal liquid crystal is protected and to maintain the consistency and uniformity of the display effect, when the display panel 100 is lit, it can be configured as follows: Figure 6 The driving method shown applies voltage signals of opposite polarity to the display panel 100 periodically.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figures 14-16As shown, in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100, the optical module may further include a first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, a first electrically controlled dimming device 300, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 stacked sequentially. The cholesteric liquid crystal film is a special optical thin film with a helical molecular structure. Based on the Bragg reflection principle and possessing circular dichroism, it can selectively reflect polarized light with the same direction of rotation as itself and transmit polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation. For example, a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal film can reflect left-handed circularly polarized light and transmit right-handed circularly polarized light, while a right-handed cholesteric liquid crystal film can reflect right-handed circularly polarized light and transmit left-handed circularly polarized light. In this application, the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 and the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 have the same circular dichroism, meaning that both can reflect polarized light with the same direction of rotation as their cholesteric liquid crystals and simultaneously transmit polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation. Furthermore, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 disposed between the two cholesteric liquid crystal films is configured in a time-division multiplexing mode. When no driving voltage is applied to the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, i.e., the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is in a power-off state, it can convert the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with the opposite rotation direction. When a driving signal is applied to the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is in a power-off state. At this time, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 can maintain the polarization state of the transmitted polarized light unchanged when it is powered on. In this way, by controlling the on / off state of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the device can be adjusted, thereby achieving flexible selection and conversion of its polarization state; by using the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 with the same circular dichroism, the polarized light generated by the display panel 100 can be guided to enter between the two films and be repeatedly folded, so that the light path can be effectively folded between the two film layers and emitted after reaching the predetermined optical path, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the optical path of the optical module.

[0023] Specifically, when the polarized light emitted from the display panel 100 has a rotation direction opposite to that of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, the polarized light can pass through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and illuminate the first electrically controlled dimming device 300. At this time, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is controlled to be in a de-energized state, so that the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 converts the incident polarized light into polarized light with an opposite rotation direction and projects it onto the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400. Since the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 and the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 have the same circular dichroism, the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 can reflect the converted polarized light back to the first electrically controlled dimming device 300. At this time, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is controlled to be de-energized. When the electronically controlled dimming device 300 is switched to the energized state, the reflected polarized light passes through the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and maintains the current polarization state. At the same time, the corresponding current polarized light is re-irradiated onto the surface of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, and the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 then reflects the current polarized light again. At this time, while the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 is kept energized, the current polarized light can continuously reflect between the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400, thereby forming a folded optical path between the two. The more times the light is folded, the greater the optical path between the two. In this way, by adjusting the energizing time of the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, the number of folds and the optical path of polarized light between the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 can be adjusted. Given the overall thickness of the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, the optical path of the current polarized light can be flexibly adjusted by regulating its energizing time. This allows the optical module provided in this application to utilize lens assemblies 600 with different focal lengths or adjustable focal length lens assemblies 600, improving the overall adaptability of the optical module. Simultaneously, by dynamically adjusting the energizing time of the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, the number of folds of light within it can be adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of the total optical length of the optical module. Compared to optical modules using pancake technology, this application, by combining the application of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400, and by flexibly adjusting the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, optimizes the overall thickness of the module, facilitating the miniaturization and lightweight design of optical devices such as VR.

[0024] Furthermore, the optical module provided in this application may include a first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, a first electrically controlled dimming device 300, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 stacked sequentially. The first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 can be formed from cholesteric liquid crystal molecules arranged in a periodic helical pattern, thus reducing material costs. This not only provides excellent selective transmittance of polarized light to maintain the polarization state but also helps to effectively control the manufacturing cost of the optical module. Therefore, when polarized light emitted from the display panel 100 enters the space between the two cholesteric liquid crystal films for transmission or reflection, regardless of the path the light takes or the number of reflections, its propagation loss is relatively low, ensuring that the light always maintains high brightness, thereby guaranteeing energy and brightness during light propagation.

[0025] Furthermore, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can adopt a liquid crystal cell structure, which adjusts the deflection of the internal liquid crystal molecules by controlling the on and off states. That is, in the off state, it converts the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with the opposite rotation direction, and in the on state, it maintains the polarization state of the transmitted light unchanged. Compared with the beam splitter 103 used in the Pancake technology, the method of changing the polarization state of polarized light by adjusting the deflection state of liquid crystal molecules will not bring additional light loss, which is conducive to reducing the overall light loss of the optical module and ensuring the light output effect and its imaging quality.

[0026] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the light output intensity and light efficiency of the optical module, the rotation direction of the polarized light emitted by the display panel 100 must be consistent with the rotation direction of the polarized light that the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 can project, so as to ensure the overall light intake rate of the optical module, thereby ensuring the overall light output intensity and imaging effect of the optical module.

[0027] It should be noted that the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 used in the optical module provided in this application all utilize the characteristics of liquid crystals to achieve the reflection and transmission of circularly polarized light. Therefore, the optical module in this application is suitable for devices that can generate circularly polarized light.

[0028] For example, taking right-handed circularly polarized light emitted by the display panel 100 as an example, both the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 in the optical module are designed to transmit right-handed circularly polarized light. Specifically, when the display panel 100 is lit, the right-handed circularly polarized light emitted by it passes through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and enters the first electronically controlled dimming device 300; in the power-off state, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can convert the right-handed circularly polarized light into left-handed circularly polarized light, which is then projected onto the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400; since the two cholesteric liquid crystal films have the same circular dichroism, that is, the same-rotation selective transmission characteristic, the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 can reflect the incident left-handed circularly polarized light back to the first electronically controlled dimming device 300; at this time, controlling the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 to switch to the power-on state, the reflected left-handed circularly polarized light can pass through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 without loss. An electrically controlled dimming device 300, maintaining its current polarization state, illuminates the surface of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 again and is reflected by it, thus forming a multi-fold reflected optical path between the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400. As the number of reflections increases, the optical path length of the light in the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 can also be extended accordingly. Then, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is switched back to the power-off state, so that the left-hand circularly polarized light reflected by the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 is converted back to right-hand circularly polarized light by the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, and then emitted from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 along the light emission direction of the display panel 100 into subsequent optical devices. The entire process achieves dynamic adjustment of the optical path by precisely controlling the power-on and power-off sequence of the first electrically controlled dimming device 300; at the same time, based on the synergistic cooperation between the two cholesteric liquid crystal films and the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, it is ensured that the light maintains high brightness and stable polarization state after multiple reflections, effectively supporting imaging quality and miniaturized module design.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 includes a first substrate 310, a first electrode 320, a first liquid crystal 330, a second electrode 340, and a second substrate 350 stacked sequentially; wherein the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 350 are fitted together to form a first liquid crystal 330 cell for accommodating the first liquid crystal 330, the first substrate 310 being disposed on the side of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100; and the second substrate 350 being disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 close to the display panel 100.

[0030] To ensure that the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can accurately control the polarized light it transmits, and to ensure that the light completes optical path folding within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300; such as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 provided in this application includes a first substrate 310, a first electrode 320, a first liquid crystal 330, a second electrode 340, and a second substrate 350 stacked sequentially. Both the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 350 are made of transparent materials such as glass to ensure that light of different polarization states can pass through smoothly. The first substrate 310 and the second substrate 350 are mutually encapsulated, protecting the first electrode 320, the first liquid crystal 330, and the second electrode 340 between them, and together forming a first liquid crystal 330 cell for housing the first liquid crystal 330.

[0031] Furthermore, the first substrate 310 is disposed on the side of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 away from the display panel 100, and the second substrate 350 is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 close to the display panel 100, so that the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 is held in parallel between the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400, ensuring that the polarized light emitted from the display panel 100 and passing through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 can smoothly enter the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, so that the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can effectively perform the adjustment of the polarization state of the polarized light.

[0032] Furthermore, both the first electrode 320 and the second electrode 340 can be formed of a transparent conductive material and are respectively disposed between the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 350, and on opposite sides of the first liquid crystal cell 330. In one example, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 is in a de-energized state, no voltage is applied to the first electrode 320 and the second electrode 340. Under the action of surface anchoring force and elastic force, the first liquid crystal 330 in the first liquid crystal 330 cell returns to a pre-set twisted arrangement state, such as a 90-degree twisted nematic arrangement or a specific spiral structure. In this state, the first liquid crystal 330 exhibits obvious optical anisotropy and optical rotation capability. When polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal 330 in the twisted arrangement state, its polarization direction will rotate with the spiral axis of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby realizing lossless conversion of the polarization state of polarized light, so that the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can convert the incident right-handed circularly polarized light into left-handed circularly polarized light, or convert the incident left-handed circularly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0033] In one example, when the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is energized, such as Figure 9As shown, a voltage is applied to the first electrode 320 and the second electrode 340, and an electric field is formed between them. The first liquid crystal 330 in the first liquid crystal 330 cell is deflected under the action of the electric field and is arranged in an orderly manner perpendicular to the substrate or along the direction of the electric field. In this state, the birefringence effect of the first liquid crystal 330 layer is suppressed or eliminated, and it loses its optical rotation ability and exhibits optical isotropy or specific light transmission characteristics. This ensures that when the incident polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal 330, its polarization state does not change, that is, it maintains the original state and transmits without loss, thereby ensuring that the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 maintains the original polarization state of the transmitted light when it is energized.

[0034] It should be noted that when the first electrically controlled dimming device 300 is energized, in order to protect the first liquid crystal 330 inside the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, maintain the uniformity of light transmission and the consistency of polarization conversion of the first electrically controlled dimming device 300, and ensure the device's adjustment performance for transmitted polarized light, it can be configured as follows: Figure 7 The driving method shown applies high-frequency driving signals of opposite polarity to the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 periodically.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 further includes a first alignment layer 360; wherein two first alignment layers 360 are provided, one of which is disposed between the first electrode 320 and the first liquid crystal 330, and the other is disposed between the first liquid crystal 330 and the second electrode 340.

[0036] To ensure the stability of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 in regulating the first liquid crystal 330, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 may further include a first alignment layer 360, wherein the first alignment layer 360 can apply a predetermined anchoring force to the first liquid crystal 330 between the first electrode 320 and the second electrode 340 to induce the first liquid crystal 330 to arrange itself in an orderly manner and form a twisted arrangement state when no power is applied; when the first liquid crystal 330 is in this arrangement state, it can ensure that the first liquid crystal 330 exhibits the expected optical rotation characteristics or birefringence characteristics in the power-off state, and ensure that the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 maintains the accuracy and stability of the polarization state adjustment of polarized light when switching between the power-on state and the power-off state, and avoids the optical performance degradation or response lag caused by the disordered arrangement of the first liquid crystal 330, which would affect the control effect of polarized light.

[0037] Furthermore, since polarized light propagates in a folded manner within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the orderliness of the arrangement of the first liquid crystal 330 is required; for example... Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, there may be two first alignment layers 360. One first alignment layer 360 is disposed between the first electrode 320 and the first liquid crystal 330, and the other first alignment layer 360 is disposed between the first liquid crystal 330 and the second electrode 340. This arrangement helps to improve the anchoring effect and the orderly arrangement of the molecules of the first liquid crystal 330.

[0038] In some embodiments, the optical module further includes a second electronically controlled dimming device 500; wherein the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100, and is configured to be continuously in a power-off state to convert the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with the opposite rotation direction; or is configured to be continuously in a power-on state to maintain the polarization state of the transmitted polarized light.

[0039] To ensure the stereoscopic display effect of optical devices using this optical module, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figures 14-16 As shown, the optical module provided in this application may further include a second electrically controlled dimming device 500 for adjusting the polarized light projected from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400, so that the polarization state of the light can be maintained or converted. The second electrically controlled dimming device 500 is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100, and can be configured to be in a continuously de-energized state, thereby converting the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with opposite rotation; or it can be configured to be in a continuously energized state, thereby maintaining the polarization state of the transmitted polarized light. Taking an optical module applied to a VR device as an example, by applying two second electrically controlled dimming devices 500 in the optical device and controlling them to be in an energized and de-energized state respectively, when the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 emits polarized light with the same rotation, the polarized light with the same rotation will have opposite rotations after exiting through the two second electrically controlled dimming devices 500 in different states. After the two polarized lights with different rotations enter the eyes respectively, a stereoscopic display effect can be achieved, which is beneficial to improving the user's visual experience.

[0040] In some embodiments, the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 includes a third substrate 510, a third electrode 520, a second liquid crystal 530, a fourth electrode 540, and a fourth substrate 550 stacked sequentially; wherein the third substrate 510 and the fourth substrate 550 are arranged in a cascade to form a second liquid crystal 530 cascade containing the second liquid crystal 530, the third substrate 510 is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100, and the fourth substrate 550 is farther away from the display panel 100 than the third substrate 510.

[0041] To ensure that the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 can accurately control the polarized light it transmits, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the second electrically controlled dimming device 500 provided in this application may include a third substrate 510, a third electrode 520, a second liquid crystal 530, a fourth electrode 540, and a fourth substrate 550 stacked sequentially. The third substrate 510 and the fourth substrate 550 may be formed of transparent materials such as glass to ensure that light emitted from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 can pass through smoothly. The third substrate 510 and the fourth substrate 550 are mutually encapsulated, which can encapsulate and protect the third electrode 520, the second liquid crystal 530, and the fourth electrode 540 between them, and also constitute a second liquid crystal 530 cell for accommodating the second liquid crystal 530.

[0042] Furthermore, the third substrate 510 is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100, so that the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 is disposed between the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and the second electronically controlled dimming device 500; this arrangement can ensure that light, after being folded multiple times, smoothly enters the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400, so that the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 can adjust the polarization state of the polarized light to be compatible with the human eye.

[0043] Furthermore, both the third electrode 520 and the fourth electrode 540 can be formed of a transparent conductive material, and are respectively disposed between the third substrate 510 and the fourth substrate 550, located on opposite sides of the second liquid crystal cell 530. Figure 12 As shown, when the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 is in a de-energized state, no voltage is applied to the third electrode 520 and the fourth electrode 540. Under the action of surface anchoring force and elastic force, the second liquid crystal 530 in the second liquid crystal cell returns to a pre-set twisted arrangement state, such as a 90-degree twisted nematic arrangement or a specific spiral structure. In this state, the second liquid crystal 530 exhibits obvious optical anisotropy and optical rotation capability. When polarized light emitted from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 passes through the second liquid crystal 530 in the twisted arrangement state, its polarization direction rotates along the spiral axis of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby achieving lossless conversion of the polarization state of polarized light. That is, the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 converts the incident right-handed circularly polarized light into left-handed circularly polarized light, or converts left-handed circularly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0044] like Figure 13As shown, when the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 is energized, the third electrode 520 and the fourth electrode 540 apply voltage and form an electric field between them. The second liquid crystal 530 in the second liquid crystal cell is deflected under the action of the electric field, so as to present a state of being perpendicular to the substrate or arranged in an orderly manner along the direction of the electric field. In this state, the birefringence effect of the second liquid crystal 530 layer is suppressed or eliminated, loses its optical rotation ability and exhibits optical isotropy or specific light transmission characteristics. When polarized light incident from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 passes through the second liquid crystal 530, its polarization state does not change, thereby maintaining the original polarization state unchanged and achieving lossless transmission.

[0045] For example, in an optical device using the optical modules provided in this application, to present a stereoscopic display effect for use by the user's eyes, the optical device can employ two sets of optical modules, each facing the user's eyes. Since the two sets of optical modules share the same display panel 100, the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 in the two sets of optical modules is the same. When the optical device is running, the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 of one optical module can be controlled to be in a powered-on state, so that the polarized light is emitted while maintaining its original polarization state, and the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 of the other optical module can be controlled to be in a powered-off state, so that the polarized light is emitted after rotation conversion. In this way, the two sets of optical modules facing the user's eyes can output polarized light with different polarization states to achieve a stereoscopic display effect.

[0046] It should be noted that, for the second electrically controlled dimming device 500 in the energized state, in order to protect its internal second liquid crystal 530, maintain the uniformity of light transmission and the consistency of its polarization conversion, and at the same time ensure the device's adjustment performance of transmitted polarized light, it can be configured as follows: Figure 10 The driving method shown continuously supplies power and periodically changes the applied high-frequency driving signal of opposite polarity; while for the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 in the power-off state, it can be operated as follows: Figure 11 The timing-driven method shown is used for control to ensure continuous conversion of the transmitted polarized light.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 further includes a second alignment layer 560; wherein two second alignment layers 560 are provided, one of which is disposed between the third electrode 520 and the second liquid crystal 530, and the other is disposed between the second liquid crystal 530 and the fourth electrode 540.

[0048] To ensure the stability of the second electronically controlled dimming device 500 in regulating the second liquid crystal 530, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the second electrically controlled dimming device 500 may further include a second alignment layer 560, wherein the second alignment layer 560 can apply a predetermined anchoring force to the second liquid crystal 530 between the third electrode 520 and the fourth electrode 540 to induce the second liquid crystal 530 to align in an orderly manner and form a twisted alignment state when no power is applied; when the second liquid crystal 530 is in this alignment state, it can ensure that the second liquid crystal 530 exhibits the expected optical rotation characteristics or birefringence characteristics in the power-off state, and ensure that the second electrically controlled dimming device 500 maintains the accuracy and stability of the polarization state adjustment of polarized light when switching between the power-on state and the power-off state, and avoids the optical performance degradation or response lag caused by the disordered alignment of the second liquid crystal 530, which would affect the control effect of polarized light.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, there may be two second alignment layers 560. One second alignment layer 560 is disposed between the third electrode 520 and the second liquid crystal 530, and the other second alignment layer 560 is disposed between the second liquid crystal 530 and the fourth electrode 540. This arrangement helps to improve the anchoring effect and the orderly arrangement of the molecules of the second liquid crystal 530.

[0050] In some embodiments, the optical module further includes a lens assembly 600; wherein the lens assembly 600 includes an optical lens 610 disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100; To improve the imaging performance of the optical module, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lens assembly 600 may include at least one optical lens 610. This optical lens 610 can be disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100, with its incident light surface facing the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 and its emitting light surface facing the user's viewing direction. Thus, when polarized light emitted from the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 enters the optical lens 610, the optical lens 610 can collimate, correct, and converge the incident polarized light to adjust the propagation angle and beam diameter, expand the field of view, or optimize image quality. This allows the light emitted from the optical module to enter the pupil of the human eye more effectively, improving the user's visual experience. Furthermore, the optical lens 610 can also compensate for aberrations caused by light propagation in the multilayer film structure, ensuring image clarity and color reproduction.

[0051] In some alternative embodiments, the lens assembly 600 includes a plurality of optical lenses 610, at least one of which is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 away from the display panel 100.

[0052] To further improve the imaging performance of the optical module, such as Figures 14-16As shown, multiple optical lenses 610 are arranged sequentially along the optical axis to form a composite lens assembly 600, with at least one optical lens 610 located between the second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 and the pupil, ensuring that the optical lens 610 can adjust and compensate for the light entering the pupil. Compared to using a single optical lens 610, multiple optical lenses 610 can achieve functional complementarity, compensating for optical aberrations such as spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, and astigmatism generated by a single lens, reducing the degree of image distortion, and improving image clarity and field uniformity. In addition, the combined use of multiple optical lenses 610 can flexibly adjust the equivalent focal length and magnification of the optical module to meet the stereoscopic display requirements at different viewing distances, ensuring that the light beam entering the human eye can be accurately focused on the pupil area, optimizing the user's visual experience.

[0053] In some embodiments, the display panel 100 is provided with a polarization state adjustment device, which is configured to convert the outgoing light generated by the display panel 100 into circularly polarized light that can transmit through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200.

[0054] Specifically, for the display panel 100, the initial light emitted is either linearly polarized or unpolarized. Its polarization state does not match the selective reflection characteristics of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200. If the light directly incident on the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, most of it will be reflected and cannot pass through, resulting in reduced light energy utilization. To improve the light utilization of the optical module, a polarization state adjustment device is provided on the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100, located between the display panel 100 and the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200. When the outgoing light emitted from the display panel 100 passes through the polarization state adjustment device, the polarization state adjustment device uses its birefringence characteristics to introduce a specific phase difference between the two orthogonal polarization components of the incident light, which can convert the incident linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, so that the rotation direction of the converted polarized light is opposite to the rotation direction of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200. This ensures that the polarized light can pass smoothly through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200 without being reflected too much, thereby improving the efficiency of light transmission through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, ensuring sufficient light intensity in the subsequent optical path and improving the overall display brightness of the optical module.

[0055] Based on the same inventive concept, a second aspect of this application also provides a method for debugging an optical module, applicable to the optical module described in the first aspect; wherein the optical module may include a display panel 100, a first cholesteric liquid crystal film 200, a first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film 400 stacked sequentially, and a lens assembly 600; for optical devices including the optical module described in this application, this debugging method can be applied to optical debugging of the optical device before it leaves the factory, and can also be used to optimize the imaging clarity and display effect of the optical device.

[0056] Furthermore, for the optical module, the adjustment cycle of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 for polarized light includes power-off time and power-on time arranged sequentially in time. Therefore, in any adjustment cycle, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can convert the polarization state of the polarized light during the power-off time and maintain the polarization state of the polarized light to allow it to pass through during the power-on time. Figure 7 As shown, the duration of each debugging cycle can be , , ...; In this way, by adjusting the energizing time of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the number of round trips of light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can be adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the total optical length of the optical module.

[0057] like Figure 4 and Figure 17 As shown, the debugging method is executed using a debug controller or computer as the execution subject. The debugging method includes: S11: Determine the object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100 based on the focal length of the lens assembly 600 obtained after debugging and the preset image distance. In this step, the focal length of the lens assembly 600 is the target distance at which light converges to the focal point after passing through the lens assembly 600 during propagation, which characterizes the ability of the lens assembly 600 to converge or diverge light. The preset image distance is the target distance between the lens assembly 600 and the imaging area to form a clear image in the imaging area such as the human eye or sensor. For wearable devices such as VR, the distance between the lens assembly 600 and the human eye is constant due to the limitations of the shell and other structures. The object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100 is the actual distance between the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100 and the lens assembly 600, based on the display panel 100 as a light source.

[0058] In practice, after the lens assembly 600 is debugged, the debugging controller can obtain the current focal length of the lens assembly 600. Then, based on the obtained focal length and the preset image distance retrieved from the preset database, the debugging controller can perform calculations based on the preset object distance determination rules, combining the obtained focal length of the lens assembly 600 and the preset image distance, thereby determining the object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100. By performing the above steps, the actual distance between the light-emitting side 101 of the display panel 100 and the lens assembly 600 can be accurately obtained, that is, the object distance of the lens module, providing key data support for subsequent sharpening adjustment of the optical module image.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 4As shown, after obtaining the focal length and preset image distance of the lens assembly 600, the following formula (1) can be derived based on the convex lens imaging formula, and the object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100 can be calculated according to the following formula (1); wherein, the convex lens imaging formula is: ; After conversion, we can conclude that: (1); in, This indicates the focal length of the 600mm lens assembly after adjustment. This indicates the preset image distance. The distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100 is represented. Therefore, given the known focal length of the adjusted lens assembly 600 and the preset image distance, formula (1) can be used as the preset object distance determination rule, and the distance between the display panel 100 and the lens assembly 600 can be accurately obtained through formula (1).

[0060] S12: Determine the total refracted optical path of the light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 based on the object distance, the preset first distance between the lens assembly 600 and one side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, and the preset second distance between the display panel 100 and the other side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. In this step, the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 has two opposing sides along its thickness direction. The preset first spacing is the spacing between the lens assembly 600 and the side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 closest to the human eye, and the preset second spacing is the spacing between the display panel 100 and the side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 closest to the display panel 100.

[0061] In specific implementation, after obtaining the object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100, the debugging controller can retrieve the distance between the lens assembly 600 and one side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 from a preset database and record this distance as the first spacing. It can also retrieve the preset spacing between the other side of the display panel 100 and the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and record this distance as the second spacing. At this time, based on the propagation principle of light folding back and forth within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the debugging controller constructs a light propagation optical path model by combining the object distance, the first spacing, and the second spacing. In this optical path model, light emitted from the display panel 100 passes through the second spacing to reach the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, and after modulation or reflection, continues to pass through the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, reflecting back and forth between the cholesteric liquid crystal films on both sides of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. Therefore, the object distance is the sum of the first distance, the second distance, and the light propagation optical path within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. At this point, given the known object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100, the first distance between the lens assembly 600 and the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, and the preset second distance between the display panel 100 and the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the total reflected optical path length within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can be accurately calculated based on the preset total reflected optical path length determination rule. Therefore, by performing this step, the actual distance occupied by the object distance in the optical module can be reduced, ensuring that the imaging position of the optical module matches the preset image distance, thereby improving the imaging quality and display effect of the optical module.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, after determining the object distance between the display panel 100 and the lens assembly 600, the total reflected optical path of the light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can be determined according to the following formula (2): (2); in, This refers to the thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. This indicates the object distance between the lens assembly 600 and the display panel 100. This indicates the first distance between the lens assembly 600 and one side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. The second distance between the preset display panel 100 and the other side of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 is indicated; therefore, after determining the object distance between the display panel 100 and the lens assembly 600, formula (2) can be used as the preset total return optical path determination rule, and the total return optical path of the light in the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 can be accurately determined by formula (2).

[0063] S13: Based on the total return optical path and the preset thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, determine the number of times the light is returned within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, and adjust the power-on time of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 in each debugging cycle according to the number of returns.

[0064] In this step, the preset thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 is the pre-set physical layer thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, which is consistent with the single optical path of light propagating inside the first electronically controlled dimming device 300; the power-on time is the duration for which voltage is applied to make it in a conducting or specific dimming state after the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 has completed a complete debugging cycle. By changing the power-on time, the total optical length of the optical module can be adjusted to achieve the effect of adjusting the overall thickness of the optical module.

[0065] In practice, the controller determines the number of times the light travels back and forth within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 based on the total return optical path of the light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the preset thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 stored in the preset database, the reflection relationship of the light path inside the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, and the preset rules for the number of round trips of the light.

[0066] More specifically, based on the one-way round-trip time of light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the controller, in conjunction with the number of times the light travels back and forth within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and its one-way round-trip time, can determine the power-on time for each debugging cycle according to a preset power-on time determination rule. Therefore, through this step, by adjusting the power-on time for each debugging cycle, the total optical length of the optical module can be directly adjusted, which is beneficial for targeted adjustment of the optical module, flexible control of the overall thickness of the optical module, and also ensures its overall imaging effect.

[0067] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, after determining the total return path of the light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the number of times the light returns within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and the power-on time of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 in each debugging cycle can be determined based on the preset thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 and according to the following formulas (3) and (4). (3); (4); In formula (3), This indicates the number of times light refracts within the first 300 electronically controlled dimmers. This refers to the thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. The first electronically controlled dimming device 300 is defined as the preset thickness. Therefore, when determining the number of times the light refracts within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, formula (3) can be used as the preset rule for the number of times the light refracts back and forth. Furthermore, formula (3) can accurately determine the number of times the light refracts within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300.

[0068] Furthermore, in formula (4), This indicates the power-on time of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 during each debugging cycle. This indicates the number of times light rays are refracted within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. The formula (4) represents the round-trip time of light within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300. Therefore, when determining the number of times light refracts within the first electronically controlled dimming device 300, the formula (4) can be used as a preset rule for determining the power-on time. The power-on time of the first electronically controlled dimming device 300 in each debugging cycle can be accurately obtained through the formula (4) to ensure the imaging quality of the optical module and help control the overall thickness of the optical module.

[0069] Based on the same inventive concept, a third aspect of this application also provides an optical device, which may include an optical module as described in any embodiment of the first aspect. Specifically, since the optical device possesses the optical module described in the above embodiments, it has all the advantages and beneficial effects of the above optical module; wherein, the optical device can be applied to VR devices, AR devices, MR devices, projectors, in-vehicle display devices, and flight simulators, etc., which will not be elaborated further here.

[0070] It should be noted that the above description describes some embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0071] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0072] The description in this application is given for illustrative purposes and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of this application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this application and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0073] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0074] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many substitutions, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description.

[0075] The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical module, characterized in that, include: The display panel has a light-emitting side; And a first cholesteric liquid crystal film, a first electrically controlled dimming device, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film stacked sequentially; wherein, The first cholesteric liquid crystal film is disposed on the light-emitting side, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film has the same circular dichroism as the first cholesteric liquid crystal film; both the first cholesteric liquid crystal film and the second cholesteric liquid crystal film are configured to reflect polarized light with the same direction of rotation as themselves and transmit polarized light with the opposite direction of rotation as themselves. The first electronically controlled dimming device is configured for time-division multiplexing, which enables it to convert transmitted polarized light into polarized light with opposite rotation in the power-off state, and maintain the polarization state of transmitted polarized light in the power-on state.

2. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electronically controlled dimming device comprises a first substrate, a first electrode, a first liquid crystal, a second electrode, and a second substrate stacked sequentially; wherein, The first substrate and the second substrate are coupled together to form a first liquid crystal cell for containing the first liquid crystal. The first substrate is disposed on the side of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film away from the display panel; the second substrate is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film close to the display panel.

3. The optical module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first electronically controlled dimming device further includes a first alignment layer; wherein, The first alignment layer is provided in two parts, one of which is disposed between the first electrode and the first liquid crystal, and the other is disposed between the first liquid crystal and the second electrode.

4. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second electronically controlled dimming device; among which, The second electronically controlled dimming device is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film away from the display panel and is configured to be continuously de-energized to convert the transmitted polarized light into polarized light with the opposite rotation direction; or it is configured to be continuously energized to maintain the polarization state of the transmitted polarized light.

5. The optical module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second electronically controlled dimming device includes a third substrate, a third electrode, a second liquid crystal, a fourth electrode, and a fourth substrate stacked sequentially; wherein, The third substrate and the fourth substrate are arranged in a cell to form a second liquid crystal cell for accommodating the second liquid crystal. The third substrate is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film away from the display panel, and the fourth substrate is farther away from the display panel than the third substrate.

6. The optical module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second electrically controlled dimming device further includes a second alignment layer; wherein, The second alignment layer is provided in two parts, one of which is disposed between the third electrode and the second liquid crystal, and the other is disposed between the second liquid crystal and the fourth electrode.

7. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes lens assemblies; among which, The lens assembly includes an optical lens disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film away from the display panel; or The lens assembly includes a plurality of optical lenses, at least one of which is disposed on the side of the second cholesteric liquid crystal film away from the display panel.

8. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel is provided with a polarization state adjustment device, which is configured to convert the outgoing light generated by the display panel into circularly polarized light that can transmit through the first cholesteric liquid crystal film.

9. A method for debugging an optical module, the optical module comprising a display panel, a first cholesteric liquid crystal film, a first electrically controlled dimming device, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal film stacked sequentially, and further comprising a lens assembly, characterized in that, The debugging method includes: Based on the focal length of the lens assembly and the preset image distance obtained after debugging, the object distance between the lens assembly and the display panel is determined. The total refracted optical path of light within the first electronically controlled dimming device is determined based on the object distance, the preset first distance between the lens assembly and one side of the first electronically controlled dimming device, and the preset second distance between the display panel and the other side of the first electronically controlled dimming device. Based on the total return optical path and the preset thickness of the first electronically controlled dimming device, the number of times the light is returned within the first electronically controlled dimming device is determined, and the power-on time of the first electronically controlled dimming device in each debugging cycle is adjusted according to the number of returns.

10. An optical device, characterized in that, Includes the optical module as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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