Poultry breeding pedigree coding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a poultry breeding pedigree coding method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining strain codes of individuals; determining the appearance codes of the individuals; determining batch codes of the individuals; determining family numbers of the individuals; determining individual type codes of the individuals; determining individual sequence numbers of the individuals; generating a check code; combining the strain code, the provenance code, the batch code, the family number, the individual type code, the individual sequence number and the check code in sequence to form an individual code; according to the method, the structured coding rule containing information such as strains, generations, batches, families, types, individual serial numbers and the like is constructed, so that the information capacity borne by a single code is greatly improved, and key individual identity information which originally needs to depend on database query can be directly reflected in a coding character string; therefore, the problem that the traditional serial number information amount is too low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of poultry farming technology, and in particular to a poultry breeding pedigree coding method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of poultry breeding, especially in broiler family breeding that implements core flock selection, accurate identification and kinship tracing are the lifeline of breeding work. Currently, the industry generally uses sequential numbering or stage-independent identification methods to manage individuals at different breeding stages, such as hatching eggs, chicks, and laying hens.

[0003] In existing technologies, the entire breeding system relies on accurate identification of each individual and each hatching egg to establish reliable pedigree records, calculate breeding values, and conduct scientific selection. Currently, the identification of individual chickens, hatching eggs, and offspring chicks at different stages is independent, without a unified coding rule. Traditional sequential numbering carries very little information, making it impossible to quickly obtain key information such as the family lineage and batch, relying entirely on backend records, resulting in poor readability.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the problems mentioned above, this invention proposes a poultry breeding pedigree coding method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems of low information carrying capacity, lack of uniformity and poor readability of existing coding methods, this invention proposes a poultry breeding pedigree coding method. By constructing structured coding rules, the coding itself can clearly reflect the core breeding information of an individual.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a poultry breeding pedigree coding method, wherein the method is used to generate a unique structured code for hatching eggs, chicks, and laying hens or roosters in the breeding process. This code is composed of multiple fields with specific semantics concatenated in a preset order and includes a verification mechanism. The method specifically includes the following steps: S1, determine the strain code of an individual, which is used to identify the genetic strain to which the individual belongs. The strain code is 2 to 4 characters long, preferably 3 characters. Its structure is a letter followed by a number. The letter is used to distinguish the major categories of the paternal or maternal strains, and the number is used to identify the specific strain number under the major category. For example, the letter 'S' can represent a paternal strain, 'D' can represent a maternal strain, and the number '01' can represent strain number 1, which is combined as 'S01'. S2, determine the generation code of an individual, which is used to identify the breeding generation to which the individual belongs. The generation code is 2 to 3 characters long and its structure is a fixed letter 'G' followed by a number representing the generation number, where the number ranges from 1 to 99. Preferably, when the generation number is less than 10, a single number is used to shorten the code length, and when the generation number is greater than or equal to 10, a double number is used. For example, 'G5' represents the fifth generation and 'G12' represents the twelfth generation. S4, determine the batch code of the individual to identify the batches hatched and raised within the same generation. The batch code is 1 to 2 characters long and consists of pure numbers, with the number range being 1 to 9 or 01 to 99. The introduction of this batch code effectively distinguishes the production groups at different time points within the same generation, facilitating refined management. S5, determine the pedigree number of the individual, which is used to identify the specific family to which the individual belongs in the breeding core group. The length of the pedigree number is 2 to 3 characters, and its structure is a letter followed by a number, where the letter represents the series of the family and the number represents the family sequence number under the series, for example, 'A1', 'B3', 'C10'. S6. Determine the individual type code of the individual, which is used to identify the physiological type or stage of the individual in the current breeding process. The individual type code is a single uppercase letter. Preferably, 'M' represents a rooster and 'F' represents a hen. The individual type code can be expanded to identify the hatching egg or chick stage. For example, 'E' represents a hatching egg and 'C' represents a chick. This design ensures that the coding rules can cover the entire breeding chain from hatching egg to adult poultry. S7. Determine the individual sequence number of the individual, which is used to uniquely identify the individual within the same family and the same type. The individual sequence number is 2 to 3 digits long and adopts a fixed-length number format. If there are not enough digits, it is padded with leading zeros. For example, in the hens of family B3, the first hen can be numbered '001' and the second hen can be numbered '002'. S8, Generate a check code to verify the correctness of the string composed of all the aforementioned fields, in order to prevent recording or reading errors. The method for generating the check code includes the following steps: concatenating the strain code, lineage code, batch code, family number, individual type code, and individual sequence code into a complete string in sequence; converting the alphanumeric characters in the string into numbers according to a preset mapping rule to form a pure number sequence; and then using the modulo-10 algorithm or the Luhn algorithm to calculate the pure number sequence to obtain a check digit, which is the check code. S9. The strain code, generation code, batch code, family number, individual type code, individual sequence number, and check code are directly concatenated in a fixed order of "strain code + generation code + batch code + family number + individual type code + individual sequence number + check code" to form a complete and uninterrupted individual code string. This individual code does not require database query; staff can directly obtain the individual's strain origin, generation, batch, family, type, and sequence information by interpreting its structure. Preferably, the individual code is applied to the poultry breeding pedigree management system. It is quickly read by scanning equipment, and after system parsing, it is associated with the full-dimensional information of the individual in the database. This information is used to establish pedigree files, calculate breeding values, and implement scientific selection and mating operations.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention significantly increases the information capacity of a single code by constructing a structured coding rule that includes information such as strain, generation, batch, family line, type and individual serial number. This allows key individual identity information (such as genetic background, family origin, physiological stage, etc.) that originally required database queries to be directly reflected in the coding string itself, thereby solving the problem of insufficient information content in traditional sequential numbering.

[0008] 2. This invention establishes a unified coding rule covering all breeding stages, from hatching eggs and chicks to laying hens (or roosters), which realizes the uniqueness and consistency of individual identification throughout the entire breeding life cycle, eliminating the risk of identity confusion and information transmission gaps caused by independent identification rules at different stages.

[0009] 3. The encoding provided by this invention has significant self-interpretability. Each field follows preset, easy-to-understand semantic rules, enabling on-site staff to quickly obtain the core information of an individual simply by observing and interpreting the encoding itself without relying on any electronic devices or querying the backend database. This greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of on-site work and overcomes the drawbacks of poor readability of traditional encoding. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the coding process of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] This invention provides an embodiment of a poultry breeding pedigree coding method, comprising: The individual code consists of seven fields in a fixed order, with the following structure: strain code + lineage code + batch code + family number + individual type code + individual sequence number + check digit. The total length is variable, typically between 10 and 15 characters, depending on the specific values ​​of each field, but this variability does not affect the fixed structure or the consistency of parsing.

[0013] In this embodiment, the strain code is used to identify the genetic lineage of an individual, which is the basis for multi-strain collaborative breeding and prevents confusion regarding genetic background. Its length is 2-4 characters, preferably 3 characters, and it adopts an "alphabet + number" structure.

[0014] The letter part is used to distinguish the major strain category. For example, in broiler breeding, 'S' can represent the paternal strain and 'D' can represent the maternal strain. The number part is used to identify the specific strain number under the major category. For example, the first strain under the paternal strain is "S01", the second strain is "S02", and the first strain under the maternal strain is "D01".

[0015] This field allows staff to immediately identify which breeding lineage an individual belongs to.

[0016] In this embodiment, the generation code is used to identify the breeding generation of an individual. The generation number serves as the timeline benchmark for genetic evaluation and breeding value calculation. It is 2-3 characters long and uses the fixed letter "G" followed by the generation number.

[0017] The number part starts from 1 and can go up to 99. For example, the first generation is "G1", the fifth generation is "G5", and the twelfth generation is "G12". To keep the code compact, single digits can be used before the 10th generation, and double digits can be used after the 10th generation.

[0018] This field clearly indicates an individual's generation in the breeding process, which is crucial for calculating generational intervals and assessing genetic progress.

[0019] In this embodiment, the batch code is used to identify batches hatched or processed at different times within the same generation. Its length is 1-2 characters and is purely numeric. For example, if three hatchings are carried out within a year, they can be marked as "1", "2", and "3" respectively. If the number of batches exceeds 9, "10", "11", etc. are used.

[0020] This field allows for further segmentation of a large generation, facilitating the tracking and management of different batches' feeding conditions, health status, and production performance.

[0021] In this embodiment, the pedigree number is used to identify the specific family to which an individual belongs within the core breeding population. The family pedigree is the basic unit for pedigree recording and kinship analysis. It is 2-3 characters long and uses an "alphabet + number" structure.

[0022] The letter part represents the family lineage, usually used to distinguish different paternal or maternal lineages. For example, within a paternal lineage, 'A', 'B', 'C', etc., can be used to indicate family branches derived from different ancestors. The number part represents the specific family lineage number within that lineage. For example, "A1" represents family lineage number 1 in lineage A, and "B3" represents family lineage number 3 in lineage B.

[0023] In this embodiment, the individual type code is used to identify the individual's current physiological stage or type, achieving full-process coverage from hatching egg to adult poultry. Its format is a single uppercase letter. 'M' represents a rooster, 'F' represents a hen, 'E' represents a hatching egg, and 'C' represents a chick. This field ensures the unique continuity of individual identity before and after hatching, and before and after sex determination.

[0024] In this embodiment, the individual sequence number is used to uniquely identify an individual within the smallest grouping unit (same strain, generation, batch, family, type). Its format is a fixed length of 2-3 digits, padded with leading zeros if necessary. For example, in a family, the first hen is numbered "001", the second is "002", and if the number of chicks in a family exceeds 100, then the three-digit number "101" is used.

[0025] This field ensures the uniqueness of the code at the lowest level and serves as the final identifier for precise individual management.

[0026] In this embodiment, the check code is used to verify whether any errors occur during the entire encoding process, including input, transmission, or reading.

[0027] Its calculation uses a variant of the Luhn algorithm (modulo 10 algorithm), and the specific steps are as follows: First, take the complete encoded string (excluding the checksum itself) as input. For example, for the checksum "S01G52B3M08" that is about to be generated, the input is "S01G52B3M08".

[0028] Convert all alphanumeric characters in a string to numbers using a predefined mapping table. The mapping table can be customized, but it must be consistent across the entire system. For example: A=1, B=2,..., Z=26. Using this mapping table, 'S' is converted to 19, 'G' to 7, 'B' to 2, and 'M' to 13. The resulting number sequence is: 19,0,1,7,5,2,2,3,13,0,8.

[0029] Then, the Luhn algorithm is applied. Starting from the rightmost end of the sequence (the position before the check digit to be added), the sequence is traversed to the left. The numbers in even positions (counted from right to left according to the Luhn algorithm rules) are multiplied by 2. If the result of multiplying by 2 is greater than 9, then 9 is subtracted from it. All numbers (including those that have not been processed and those that have been processed) are summed. The units digit of this sum is subtracted from 10 to obtain the check digit. If the units digit is 0, then the check digit is 0.

[0030] Example calculation (using the number sequence 19,0,1,7,5,2,2,3,13,0,8 as an example; the actual calculation is based on the converted sequence): Starting from the rightmost number (8), count to the left: 8 (1st odd position), 0 (2nd even position), 13 (3rd odd position), 3 (4th even position), 2 (5th odd position), 2 (6th even position), 5 (7th odd position), 7 (8th even position), 1 (9th odd position), 0 (10th even position), 19 (11th odd position).

[0031] Double the digits in even positions and process results greater than 9.

[0032] 10th digit: 0 × 2 = 0; 8th digit: 7 × 2 = 14 → Because 14 > 9, so 14 - 9 = 5; 6th position: 2 × 2 = 4; 4th position: 3 × 2 = 6; 2nd digit: 0 × 2 = 0; After this calculation step, the new number sequence becomes: [19,0,1,5,5,4,2,6,13,0,8]. Add all the numbers in the new sequence. 19 + 0 + 1 + 5 + 5 + 4 + 2 + 6 + 13 + 0 + 8 = 63. Take the units digit of the sum from the previous step. The units digit of 63 is 3. Subtract this units digit from 10. 10 - 3 = 7. So the result is 7.

[0033] Then, the checksum 7 is appended to the end of the original string to obtain the complete code: S01G52B3M087. To verify, the system can run a complete Luhn check on S01G52B3M087 (including the checksum). If the calculation passes (the sum is divisible by 10), then the code is valid.

[0034] This step effectively detects single-digit errors and most adjacent-digit transposition errors, significantly improving the accuracy of data entry.

[0035] This invention provides Embodiment 1: Please see Figure 1 In the fifth generation of breeding of the paternal line No. 1, in the B3 family hatched in the second batch, it is necessary to carry out unique identification and pedigree management for the 8th rooster in the family.

[0036] The coding process is as follows: First, the strain code is determined to be "S01", clearly representing the paternal strain number 1. The generation code is determined to be "G5", indicating that it is the fifth generation. The batch code is "2", indicating that it belongs to the second hatching batch within this generation. The family number is "B3", specifying that it comes from the third family of the B series. The individual type code is "M", directly identifying the rooster's sex. The individual sequence number is set to "08", using a two-digit format to ensure its unique sequential identification within the same family and type. Finally, based on the string "S01G52B3M08" formed by concatenating all the aforementioned fields, a one-digit check code is generated using the preset Luhn algorithm (modulo 10 algorithm). In this example, it is assumed that the calculated check code is "4". Finally, all the above fields are concatenated in a fixed order to form the complete individual code of the rooster, "S01G52B3M084".

[0037] When breeders see this code, they can immediately identify it as an important rooster from the fifth generation B3 family of the paternal line 1. By scanning the QR code on its wing number, they can immediately view its full sibling information, offspring performance, and its own breeding value ranking in the system, providing information for selection and semen collection for breeding.

[0038] This invention provides Embodiment 2: In the sixth generation breeding of the maternal strain No. 2, within the A5 family in the first batch of hatching, it is necessary to uniquely identify and manage the pedigree of the 125th egg collected on that day in that family.

[0039] The coding process is as follows: First, its strain code is determined to be "D02", clearly representing the maternal strain number 2. The generation code is determined to be "G6", indicating that it is the sixth generation. The batch code is "1", indicating that it belongs to the first batch of eggs within this generation. The family number is "A5", specifying that it comes from the 5th family in the A series. The individual type code is "E", representing a hatching egg. The individual sequence number is set to "125", representing the 125th egg collected that day. Finally, based on the string "D02G61A5E125" formed by concatenating all the aforementioned fields, a check digit is generated using the preset Luhn algorithm (modulo 10 algorithm). In this example, it is assumed that the calculated check digit is "7". Finally, all the above fields are concatenated in a fixed order to form the complete individual code of the rooster, "D02G61A5E1257".

[0040] The code is printed as an adhesive label and affixed to the egg tray. When the eggs are placed in the incubator, the label is scanned, and the system automatically records the date and location of incubation. After hatching, the chick's code will inherit the breed, generation, batch, and family information of the egg code, only changing the type code from 'E' to 'C' and assigning a new sequence number, thus achieving a seamless connection of identity from egg to chicken and lossless transmission of pedigree.

[0041] This invention provides embodiment 3: A commercial chick is coded; this chick is a commercial individual produced by crossbreeding a male rooster of the S01 strain with a female hen of the D02 strain.

[0042] The coding process is as follows: First, the strain code is determined to be "S1D2", indicating that its paternal lineage originates from strain S01 and its maternal lineage from strain D02. The generation code is determined to be "G0", where "G" represents the generation prefix and "0" specifically refers to the commercial generation. The batch code is "15", indicating that it belongs to the 15th production batch within the year. The family number is "XX", using this code to indicate that commercial generation production does not distinguish between specific families. The individual type code is "C", indicating that it is currently in the chick stage. The individual sequence number is set to "00001", using a five-digit format as a serial number in mass production to ensure uniqueness. Finally, the string "S1D2G015XXC00001" concatenated from the aforementioned fields is calculated using the preset Luhn algorithm to generate a one-digit check code. In this example, it is assumed that the calculated check code is "3". Finally, all the above fields are concatenated in a fixed order to form the complete individual code of the commercial chick "S1D2G015XXC000013". Although this code simplifies the pedigree details, it can still clearly indicate the source of its hybrid combination (S1D2) and production batch (15). In the event of a problem at the farm, it can be quickly traced back to the specific parent population and hatching batch, thus achieving traceability of commercial chicken production.

[0043] Comparative Example 1 provided by the present invention: This comparative experiment was conducted in a medium-sized broiler breeding farm with two strains (S01, D01), at the 5th generation, with two batches per generation and approximately 30 individuals per strain. The experiment was divided into three experimental groups, specifically including: The experimental group used the encoding method described in this invention; Comparative Example 1 uses the traditional sequential numbering method, such as 100001, 100002, ..., and all information is stored in the database, so the encoding itself has no meaning; Comparative Example 2 uses a simplified segmented encoding (such as S01-5-2-B3-8) without fixed field lengths and check codes.

[0044] In this comparative study, the success rate of on-site staff in correctly interpreting key individual information (strain, lineage, type) without querying the database was simulated. The study also simulated the manual input of 1,000 individual codes, recording the completion time and error rate (including input errors and system rejection). The study simulated the success rate of quickly and accurately reconstructing the pedigree relationships of 100 random individuals based on the codes in a mixed population setting.

[0045]

[0046] As can be seen from the table above, the advantages of this invention in terms of information readability and data entry efficiency and accuracy are far greater than those of Comparative Example 1. Traditional sequential numbering relies entirely on the backend database. Once the network is interrupted or the database fails, the on-site work will be paralyzed. However, this invention can still provide on-site information even under such circumstances.

[0047] While the simplified segmented code in Comparative Example 2 is superior to the sequential number in terms of readability, it lacks a fixed format and verification mechanism. In practical applications, it is easy for personal habits to lead to inconsistent writing or input formats (such as "S01-5-2-B3-8" vs "S01 / 5 / 2 / B3 / 8"). Its parsing complexity is high, and it cannot automatically detect input errors, resulting in a decline in data quality and difficulties in post-processing.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for encoding pedigrees in poultry breeding, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1, determine the strain code of an individual, the strain code is used to identify the strain to which the individual belongs, the strain code includes at least one letter and at least one number, representing the paternal or maternal strain; S2, determine the generation code of an individual, the generation code being used to identify the generation to which the individual belongs, the generation code including the letter "G" and at least one number, representing the generation number; S3, determine the batch code of an individual, the batch code is used to identify the batch to which the individual belongs, the batch code includes at least one number, indicating the batch order; S4, determine the individual's pedigree number, which is used to identify the family to which the individual belongs. The pedigree number includes at least one letter and at least one number, representing a pedigree code; S5, determine the individual type code of the individual, the individual type code is used to identify the type of the individual, the individual type code is represented by a single letter, where "M" represents a rooster and "F" represents a hen; S6, determine the individual sequence number of the individual, the individual sequence number is used to identify the order of the individual in the family lineage, the individual sequence number includes at least two digits, representing the unique sequence number of the individual in the family lineage; S7. Generate a check code, which is calculated based on a combination of the strain code, lineage code, batch code, family number, individual type code, and individual sequence code, and is used to verify the correctness of the code. S8. The strain code, lineage code, batch code, family number, individual type code, individual sequence number and check code are combined in sequence to form an individual code. The individual code is in string form and covers all breeding stages of hatching eggs, chicks and laying hens.

2. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain code is 2 to 4 characters long, where the first character is a letter indicating the strain type, and the subsequent characters are numbers indicating the strain number.

3. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generation code is 2 to 3 characters long, where the letter "G" is always used to indicate the generation prefix, and the numerical part indicates the generation number, ranging from 1 to 99.

4. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The batch code is 1 to 2 characters long and the number range is 1 to 9 or 01 to 99, indicating the batch sequence.

5. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pedigree number is 2 to 3 characters long, where the first character is a letter indicating the pedigree category, and the following characters are numbers indicating the pedigree sequence number.

6. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The individual type code also includes other letters to represent extended types, where "E" represents hatching eggs and "C" represents chicks.

7. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The individual sequence number is 2 to 3 digits long and uses a leading zero-padding format.

8. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the check code includes: converting the strain code, lineage code, batch code, family number, individual type code, and individual sequence code into a numerical sequence, and calculating the check value using a modulo-10 algorithm or the Luhn algorithm.

9. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The individual code is self-explanatory, allowing staff to obtain information on an individual's lineage, generation, batch, family, type, and sequence without querying a database.

10. The poultry breeding pedigree coding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The individual code is used in the poultry breeding pedigree management system to establish pedigree files, calculate breeding values, and implement selection operations. The code is identified by scanning equipment and associated with a database to store full-dimensional information.

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