Motor controller, power assembly and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and provides a motor controller, a power assembly and an electric vehicle, a shell of a bus capacitor of the motor controller comprises a first groove and first through holes, the first groove is recessed from the outer surface of the shell to the inner side, the first through holes are distributed in the groove wall of the first groove, and the first through holes are arranged in the first groove. One end of the grounding copper bar is distributed in the shell and connected with a capacitor of the filter, and the other end of the grounding copper bar penetrates through the first through hole and extends into the first groove. The grounding elastic piece is stacked on the side, away from the first groove, of the plastic piece, the fixing piece penetrates through and fixes the grounding elastic piece, the plastic piece and the other end of the grounding copper bar, the fixing piece is used for electrically connecting the grounding elastic piece and the grounding copper bar, and the connection mode of the filter in the motor controller is simplified. The reuse plastic part is used for sealing and covering the notch of the first groove, the pouring sealant is prevented from overflowing from the first through hole and the first groove, and the sealing effect is improved. The production efficiency and the production quality of the motor controller are improved, and the performance of a power assembly and an electric vehicle is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to a motor controller, powertrain, and electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The motor controller is a crucial component in electric vehicles that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). It includes a power module, bus capacitors, and a filter. The filter filters the DC power transmitted from the battery before supplying it to the power module, which then performs the conversion between DC and AC. The filter includes two Y-capacitors, one of which is connected to the external grounding housing via a grounding copper busbar and grounding spring, forming a capacitor structure. Existing capacitor structures use complex connections for the grounding copper busbar and grounding spring, making the structure more complex and the connection more difficult. Furthermore, the sealing at the connection points is poorer, leading to more easily overflow of potting compound during the encapsulation process. This reduces both the production efficiency and quality of the motor controller's capacitor structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a motor controller, powertrain, and electric vehicle, which simplifies the connection structure between grounding copper busbars in the capacitor structure of a filter and improves the sealing performance between the grounding copper busbars, thereby improving the production efficiency and quality of the motor controller.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a motor controller, which includes a bus capacitor and a filter. The housing of the bus capacitor accommodates the capacitor core and the capacitor of the filter. The filter filters the DC power before transmitting it to the bus capacitor. The housing of the bus capacitor includes a first groove and a first through hole. The first groove is recessed inward from the outer surface of the housing, with its opening facing outward. The first through hole is distributed on the groove wall and connects the first groove to the inner side of the housing. One end of a grounding copper busbar of the motor controller is located inside the housing and connected to the capacitor of the filter. The other end of the grounding copper busbar extends into the first groove through the first through hole. The motor controller also includes a plastic component, a grounding spring, and a fixing component. The plastic component covers the opening of the first groove. The grounding spring is stacked on the side of the plastic component facing away from the first groove and is electrically connected to the housing of the motor controller. The fixing component passes through and fixes the other end of the grounding spring, the plastic component, and the grounding copper busbar, and is electrically connected to the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar.

[0005] In this embodiment, by forming a first groove in the housing of the bus capacitor and distributing first through holes passing through the grounding copper busbar on the groove wall, when the fixing member presses and fixes the stacked grounding spring and plastic part to the grounding copper busbar in the first groove, the capacitor of the filter distributed in the housing of the bus capacitor is connected and fixed through the grounding copper busbar, the fixing member and the grounding spring, thereby realizing the grounding of the filter capacitor. Furthermore, the plastic part seals the opening of the first groove, preventing the potting compound inside the housing of the bus capacitor from overflowing from the opening of the first groove. In this embodiment, the use of plastic parts stacked between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar to connect and fix them, thereby realizing the grounding of the filter capacitor, and the reuse of the plastic part to seal the first groove to prevent potting compound overflow, simplifies the structure for grounding the filter capacitor, saves parts, improves the production efficiency of the motor controller capacitor structure, and also improves the production quality of the motor controller.

[0006] In one embodiment, the plastic part includes a first protrusion for embedding in a first groove, a grounding spring, the first protrusion and a grounding copper busbar are stacked in sequence, and a fixing member passes through and fixes the grounding spring, the first protrusion and the grounding spring in sequence.

[0007] In this embodiment, the plastic part includes a first protrusion embedded in a first groove. A grounding spring, the first protrusion, and a grounding copper busbar are sequentially stacked along a direction parallel to the groove opening. A fixing member passes through and fixes the grounding spring, the first protrusion, and the grounding spring in sequence, making the fixed connection between the fixing member and the first protrusion of the plastic part more stable, thereby making the connection between the grounding copper busbar and the grounding spring more reliable and improving the grounding reliability of the filter capacitor. The first protrusion is embedded in the first groove, so that the first protrusion faces the groove wall of the first groove. This causes the fixing member to press against the groove wall of the first groove when fixing the grounding spring, the first protrusion, and the grounding spring, and also makes the seal between the plastic part and the groove opening of the first groove tighter.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first groove includes a first segment and a second segment distributed adjacent to each other. The first segment is closer to the opening of the first groove than the second segment. The groove width of the first segment is greater than the groove width of the second segment. The gap between the groove wall of the first segment and the first protrusion is also used to accommodate a sealing ring. The first through hole is distributed on the groove wall of the second segment.

[0009] In this embodiment, a first section with a larger groove width is used to accommodate the first protrusion of the plastic part, and a first through hole is distributed in a second section with a smaller groove width, so that when the first protrusion is embedded in the first section of the first groove, the first protrusion squeezes the sealing ring along the groove width direction of the first groove, thereby improving the sealing effect of the plastic part on the first groove.

[0010] In this embodiment, the groove width of the first segment is greater than that of the second segment, such that the second segment has an end face between the opening of the first segment and the groove wall of the first segment. This end face faces the opening of the first segment, forming a receiving space that can accommodate a sealing ring. The sealing ring abuts against the end face in a direction parallel to the groove opening of the first groove. The first through-hole is distributed in the second segment, which is closer to the bottom of the first groove than the first segment. This allows the sealing structure formed by the first protrusion, the sealing ring, and the groove wall of the first segment to be distributed above the second segment, preventing potting compound from overflowing from the first through-hole of the second segment.

[0011] In one embodiment, the groove of the first segment facing away from the second segment is the groove of the first groove, and the groove of the first groove is directed toward the sealing ring to abut against the portion of the plastic part surrounding the first protrusion. The length of the groove of the first groove toward the sealing ring is greater than the length of the first segment.

[0012] In this embodiment, since the groove of the first segment facing away from the second segment is the groove of the first recess, the sealing ring can contact the plastic part. The sealing ring surrounds the first protrusion, causing the sealing ring to abut against the portion of the plastic part surrounding the first protrusion along the first direction. By making the height of the sealing ring along the first direction greater than the height of the first segment along the first direction, the sealing effect between the plastic part, the sealing ring, and the first segment of the first recess is improved when the fixing member presses the grounding spring and the plastic part against the bus capacitor housing around the first recess.

[0013] In this embodiment, the sealing ring can be pre-fitted onto the outer periphery of the first protrusion. The groove of the first segment facing away from the second segment is the groove of the first recess. This allows the first protrusion of the plastic part to be inserted into the first recess along the groove of the first recess, while the sealing ring surrounding the first protrusion can simultaneously be embedded into the first segment along the groove of the first recess, making the assembly of the sealing ring more convenient. When the fixing member presses and fixes the grounding spring, plastic part, and grounding copper busbar in the first direction, the portion of the plastic part surrounding the first protrusion can press and fix the sealing ring along the groove of the first recess. This allows the fixing and connection of the grounding spring, plastic part, and grounding copper busbar and the pressing and fixing of the sealing ring to be performed simultaneously, simplifying the installation steps and improving the production efficiency of the motor controller.

[0014] In one embodiment, the width of the sealing ring along the width direction of the first groove is greater than the difference in groove width between the first segment and the second segment. This causes the sealing ring to be pressed against the groove walls of the first protrusion and the first segment when the first protrusion of the plastic part is embedded in the first groove, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0015] In one embodiment, the plastic part further includes a second through hole, which extends along the groove of the first groove toward the first protrusion. The second through hole is used to accommodate a conductive fixing sleeve. A first portion of the conductive fixing sleeve is exposed through one opening of the second through hole and surrounds one opening of the second through hole. A grounding spring is stacked on the first portion of the conductive fixing sleeve, and a second portion of the conductive fixing sleeve is exposed through another opening of the second through hole. The second portion of the conductive fixing sleeve is stacked on a grounding copper busbar. A fixing member passes through and fixes the grounding spring, the conductive fixing sleeve, and the grounding copper busbar.

[0016] In this embodiment, to improve the electrical connection stability between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar, a conductive fixing sleeve is installed in the second through hole. A first portion of the conductive fixing sleeve protrudes from one opening of the second through hole and surrounds it. The grounding spring is stacked on top of the first portion of the conductive fixing sleeve, allowing the grounding spring to contact and be electrically connected to the conductive fixing sleeve. A second portion of the conductive fixing sleeve protrudes from the other opening of the second through hole and is stacked on top of the grounding copper busbar, allowing the grounding copper busbar to contact and be electrically connected to the conductive fixing sleeve. A fixing member passes through and fixes the grounding spring, the conductive fixing sleeve, and the grounding copper busbar, making the contact between them more reliable and thus improving the electrical connection stability between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar.

[0017] In one embodiment, the fixing element is a screw, with the screw head stacked on the side of the grounding spring facing away from the plastic part. This causes the screw head to press against the grounding spring when the screw is screwed into the conductive fixing sleeve, resulting in tight contact between the grounding spring and the first part of the conductive fixing sleeve, thus improving the reliability of the electrical connection between the grounding spring and the conductive fixing sleeve.

[0018] In one embodiment, the housing of the bus capacitor further includes a sealing groove for accommodating a sealing ring. The opening of the sealing groove faces the same direction as the opening of the first groove. The sealing groove surrounds the opening of the first groove, and a plastic part is stacked on the sealing groove.

[0019] In the embodiment of the application, a sealing groove can also be formed around the opening of the first groove to accommodate the sealing ring, so that the sealing effect between the plastic part and the first groove is better when the fixing member presses and fixes the grounding spring, the plastic part and the bus capacitor shell and the grounding copper bus around the first groove.

[0020] In one embodiment, a sealing groove is formed around the opening of the first groove to accommodate a sealing ring, and another sealing ring is arranged inside the first groove. The sealing effect is improved by simultaneously sealing with both the sealing ring inside the first groove and the sealing ring around the opening of the first groove.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first groove includes a second section and a third section. The third section is closer to the bottom of the first groove than the second section. The groove width of the third section is smaller than that of the second section. The first through hole is distributed in the second section. The third section is used to embed a nut. The fastener is a screw. The screw passes through one end of the grounding copper busbar and is fixed to the nut.

[0022] In this embodiment, the third segment is closer to the bottom of the first groove than the second segment. The first through hole is located in the second segment, and the third segment is used to embed a nut, so that the other end of the grounding copper busbar passing through the first through hole is stacked on the nut. The groove width of the third segment is smaller than that of the second segment, making the nut more tightly embedded in the third segment. When the screw passes through the grounding spring, the first protrusion of the plastic part, and the grounding copper busbar in sequence and is screwed into the nut, the connection between the grounding spring, the first protrusion of the plastic part, the grounding copper busbar, and the nut is more reliable. This allows the screw to be fixed to the housing of the busbar capacitor by the nut, and also makes the plastic part seal the groove of the first groove more tightly. In this embodiment, by embedding the nut in the bottom of the first groove, the grounding spring, the plastic part, the grounding copper busbar, and the housing of the busbar capacitor are fixed more tightly, the sealing effect of the plastic part on the first groove is better, and the electrical connection stability between the fixing part and the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar is better.

[0023] In one embodiment, the plastic part includes a second protrusion and a second through hole for passing through a fastener, the second protrusion being opposite to a first recessed protrusion and surrounding the second through hole, a grounding spring being accommodated in the area surrounded by the second protrusion, and at least a portion of the grounding spring protruding from the second protrusion along the protrusion direction of the second protrusion.

[0024] In this embodiment, the second protrusion is opposite to the first groove protrusion and surrounds the second through hole. The grounding spring is accommodated in the area surrounded by the second protrusion. At least a portion of the grounding spring protrudes from the second protrusion along its protrusion direction. This ensures that after the grounding spring is stacked on the plastic part, it is confined within the area surrounded by the second protrusion. This prevents the grounding spring from rotating during the fixing and pressing process of the fixing member, which could lead to inaccurate positioning and unstable contact between the grounding spring and the motor controller housing, affecting the grounding effect of the filter capacitor. In this embodiment, reusing the plastic part to form the second protrusion confines the grounding spring within the area of ​​the plastic part, preventing unstable grounding, reducing the number of limiting structural components, and simplifying the connection structure between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar.

[0025] In one embodiment, the bus capacitor housing includes a top wall and a bottom wall, which are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. The bottom wall is stacked between the motor controller housing and the top wall along the first direction. A first groove is distributed on the bottom wall, with the opening of the first groove facing away from the top wall along the first direction. A grounding spring abuts against the motor controller housing along the first direction.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first groove is distributed on the bottom wall, with the opening of the first groove facing away from the top wall along the first direction. After the plastic part covers the opening of the first groove along the first direction, the fixing member fixes the grounding spring to the plastic part and the grounding copper busbar along the first direction, so that the grounding spring is stacked between the plastic part and the housing of the motor controller along the first direction, and the grounding spring abuts against the housing of the motor controller along the first direction. In this embodiment, the grounding spring abuts against the housing of the motor controller. After the bus capacitor is installed into the housing of the motor controller along the first direction, the bus capacitor squeezes the grounding spring into close contact with the housing of the motor controller. This not only achieves capacitor grounding of the filter, but also makes the grounding spring press the plastic part and the opening of the first groove under the pressure of the weight of the bus capacitor, making the seal between the first groove and the plastic part tighter.

[0027] In one embodiment, the bottom wall includes a second groove recessed towards the top wall along a first direction. A first groove is distributed at the bottom of the second groove. A plastic part and a grounding spring are fixed to the bottom of the second groove. The bus capacitor housing also includes a third through hole for a copper busbar for receiving DC power to pass through the capacitor core of the bus capacitor. The third through hole is distributed along the circumferential wall of the second groove, the length direction of the plastic part is the same as the opening direction of the third through hole, and the first groove and the third through hole are spaced apart along the width direction of the plastic part.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first groove is distributed at the bottom of the second groove, and the plastic part and the grounding spring are fixed at the bottom of the second groove, so that the plastic part and the grounding spring do not additionally increase the height of the bus capacitor in the first direction.

[0029] In this embodiment, the capacitor core of the bus capacitor receives DC power through a copper busbar. One end of the copper busbar extends into the casing of the bus capacitor for electrical connection to the capacitor core, and the other end of the copper busbar passes through a third through-hole and is exposed on the outside of the bus capacitor casing. The other end of the copper busbar is used for electrical connection to the power battery. In this embodiment, some capacitors and magnetic rings of the filter are distributed on the outside of the bus capacitor casing. The DC power transmitted from the power battery is filtered by the filter before being transmitted to the capacitor core of the bus capacitor. The capacitors and magnetic rings distributed on the outside of the bus capacitor casing, as well as the capacitors distributed inside the bus capacitor casing, are all electrically connected to the copper busbar. These capacitors and magnetic rings, along with the capacitors distributed inside the bus capacitor casing, together constitute the filter to filter the power transmitted by the copper busbar.

[0030] In this embodiment, the third through-hole for passing through the copper busbar is distributed on the circumferential groove wall of the second groove, so that the portion of the copper busbar distributed on the outside of the bus capacitor housing is also distributed in the second groove. This ensures that the portion of the copper busbar distributed on the outside of the bus capacitor housing does not additionally occupy the height of the bus capacitor in the first direction, and makes the portion of the copper busbar, plastic part, and grounding copper busbar distributed on the outside of the bus capacitor housing compactly arranged. Furthermore, by aligning the length direction of the plastic part with the opening direction of the third through-hole, and arranging the first groove and the third through-hole at intervals along the width direction of the plastic part, the grounding spring piece stacked on top of the plastic part and the copper busbar are spaced apart along the width direction of the plastic part, avoiding mutual interference. The width direction of the plastic part is parallel to the third direction, and the length direction of the plastic part is parallel to the second direction. The first groove and the third through-hole are spaced apart in the third direction, so that the copper busbar passing through the third through-hole and the grounding spring piece are spaced apart along the third direction. This allows the copper busbar and the grounding spring piece to fully utilize the space of the second groove while avoiding mutual electrical interference.

[0031] In one embodiment, the height of the grounding spring along the first direction is less than or equal to the groove depth of the second groove. In this embodiment, the plastic part and the grounding spring are fixed by forming a second groove on the bottom wall, and the height of the grounding spring is less than the groove depth of the second groove to prevent the grounding spring from being damaged during transportation.

[0032] In one embodiment, when the height of the grounding spring along the first direction is less than or equal to the groove depth of the second groove, a protrusion is formed on the portion of the motor controller housing corresponding to the grounding spring. This allows the grounding spring to contact the protrusion and achieve electrical connection.

[0033] In one embodiment, the distance between the first groove and the third through hole along the opening direction of the third through hole is greater than half the width of the second groove. One end of the plastic part is stacked on the opening of the first groove, and the other end of the plastic part along the opening direction of the third through hole is distributed between the first groove and the third through hole.

[0034] In this embodiment, the opening direction of the third through hole is parallel to the second direction. The distance between the first groove and the third through hole is greater than half the width of the second groove, so that the first groove is distributed on the side of the second groove away from the third through hole. One end of the plastic part is stacked on the groove opening of the first groove, and the other end of the plastic part is distributed between the first groove and the third through hole along the opening direction of the third through hole. This makes the plastic part and the grounding spring piece arranged on the plastic part face the side of the third through hole, making full use of the space of the second groove, so that the structural components are arranged compactly.

[0035] In one embodiment, the housing of the bus capacitor further includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, which are distributed between the top wall and the bottom wall. The first sidewall and the second sidewall are arranged opposite each other along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The second sidewall includes an opening, through which the capacitor core of the bus capacitor and the capacitor of the filter are embedded into the housing along the second direction. The opening of the first through-hole faces the opening along the second direction towards the second sidewall.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first through hole is used to pass through the grounding copper busbar. The opening of the first through hole is oriented toward the opening along the second direction toward the second sidewall, so that the filter capacitor and the grounding copper busbar are installed into the housing of the bus capacitor from the opening of the second sidewall along the second direction, making the installation of the grounding copper busbar and the filter capacitor more convenient.

[0037] In one embodiment, a portion of the first sidewall forms the groove wall of the first groove, and the first through hole and a portion of the first sidewall are arranged opposite each other along a second direction.

[0038] In this embodiment, a portion of the first sidewall is reused to form the groove wall of the first groove, simplifying the structure of the first groove used to connect the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar. The first through-hole and a portion of the first sidewall are arranged opposite each other along a second direction, such that the first through-hole is distributed on the groove wall of the portion of the first groove between the first and second sidewalls. This allows the grounding copper busbar to extend from the opening of the second sidewall into the first through-hole and then into the first groove along the second direction, simplifying the installation of the grounding copper busbar. If the first through-hole is distributed on the first sidewall of the portion of the groove wall forming the first groove, not only will the installation direction of the grounding copper busbar be inconsistent with the capacitor core of the busbar capacitor and the capacitor installation direction of the filter, complicating the installation, but it will also require additional sealing elements to seal the first through-hole of the first sidewall, making the sealing structure more complex.

[0039] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a powertrain, which includes a motor controller as described in any of the first aspects, the motor controller being used to control a drive motor.

[0040] In this embodiment, the motor controller in the powertrain achieves connection and fixation between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar by using plastic parts stacked between them and reusing plastic parts to cover the first groove. This simplifies the connection method of the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar, avoids potting compound overflow, simplifies the connection method of the filter in the motor controller, improves the sealing effect, improves the production efficiency and quality of the motor controller, and thus improves the production efficiency and quality of the powertrain.

[0041] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electric vehicle, which includes the powertrain as described in the second aspect, the powertrain being used to drive the wheels.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the powertrain of the electric vehicle includes a motor controller according to any one of the first aspects. The motor controller of the first aspect has high production efficiency and production quality, which is beneficial to improving the yield and product quality of electric vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a motor controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a motor controller module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a motor controller module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of the motor controller module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 AA section view in the middle;

[0051] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a section M1 in the middle;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of a bus capacitor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 BB section view in the middle;

[0054] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of a section M2 in the middle;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a grounding spring, plastic part, and fixing part provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of the grounding spring, plastic part, and fixing part provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the grounding spring, plastic part, and fixing part provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 15 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of the bus capacitor and a portion of the filter provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0060] To simplify the connection method of the filter in the motor controller and improve the sealing effect, the motor controller provided in this application embodiment includes a bus capacitor and a filter. The housing of the bus capacitor is used to house the capacitor core of the bus capacitor and the capacitor of the filter. The filter is used to filter the DC power before transmitting it to the bus capacitor. The housing of the bus capacitor includes a first groove and a first through hole. The first groove is recessed inward from the outer surface of the housing, and the groove opening faces the outer side of the housing. The first through hole is distributed on the groove wall of the first groove and is used to connect the first groove and the inner side of the housing. One end of the grounding copper busbar of the motor controller is distributed inside the housing and connected to the capacitor of the filter. The other end of the grounding copper busbar extends into the first groove through the first through hole. The motor controller also includes a plastic part, a grounding spring, and a fixing member. The plastic part is used to cover the groove opening of the first groove. The grounding spring is stacked on the side of the plastic part away from the first groove and is used to electrically connect to the housing of the motor controller. The fixing member passes through and fixes the other end of the grounding spring, the plastic part, and the grounding copper busbar and is used to electrically connect the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar.

[0061] This embodiment of the application distributes the first through-hole on the groove wall of the first groove, seals the first groove with a plastic part, and distributes the plastic part between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar. This allows the fixing member to press the plastic part into the groove opening while fixing the grounding spring, the plastic part, and the grounding copper busbar, thereby sealing the groove opening with the plastic part. This allows the potting compound used for potting the inside of the housing to be sealed within the plastic part. By using a plastic part layered between the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar to achieve connection and fixation, and by reusing the plastic part to cover the first groove, the connection method of the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar is simplified, potting compound overflow is avoided, the connection method of the filter in the motor controller is simplified, and the sealing effect is improved, thereby improving the production efficiency and quality of the motor controller.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a motor controller 13 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 includes a powertrain 10, a frame 20, and a power battery 30, such as Figure 1 As shown, the frame 20 is used to fix the power battery 30 and the powertrain 10. In this embodiment, the powertrain 10 is used to receive power from the power battery 30 and to drive the wheels 40.

[0064] In this embodiment, the power battery 30 may also be referred to as a battery pack. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 refers to a wheeled device driven or towed by a power unit.

[0065] In one embodiment, the powertrain 10 includes a motor 11, a reducer 12, and a motor controller 13. For example... Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, the motor 11 includes a motor shaft (not shown), a motor stator (not shown), and a motor rotor (not shown). The motor rotor is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft. The motor stator drives the motor rotor to rotate after receiving AC power, thereby driving the motor shaft to rotate. The reducer 12 includes a gear assembly (not shown), an input shaft (not shown), and an output shaft (not shown). The motor shaft of the motor 11 is used for transmission connection with the input shaft of the reducer 12. The input shaft receives the power transmitted from the motor shaft of the motor 11 and transmits the power to the output shaft through the gear assembly. In one embodiment, the motor 11 includes either a radial motor or a disc motor. In one embodiment, the reducer 12 includes either a parallel shaft reducer or a planetary reducer.

[0066] In this embodiment, the motor controller 13 is used to control the motor 11 of the electric vehicle 1 to drive the wheels 40 of the electric vehicle 1. The motor controller 13 is used to receive the DC power supplied by the power battery 30 and convert the DC power into AC power to be supplied to the motor 11. The power battery 30 is connected to the windings of the motor 11 through the motor controller 13 to drive the motor rotor and motor shaft of the motor 11 to rotate.

[0067] In one embodiment, the motor controller 13 is also used to charge and discharge the power battery 30. The motor controller 13 is also used to integrate at least one of an on-board charger, a vehicle controller, and a power distribution device. In this embodiment, the motor controller 13 can also be referred to as an all-in-one power supply device.

[0068] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the motor controller 13 includes a motor controller module 14 and a housing 15. The housing 15 houses the motor controller module 14, and the motor 11 receives power from the motor controller module 14 of the motor controller 13. The motor controller module 14 includes a bus capacitor (not shown), a filter (not shown), and a power module (not shown). The bus capacitor and filter regulate and filter the DC power output from the power battery 30 before transmitting it to the power module. The power module converts the DC power into AC power and transmits it to the stator of the motor 11 to drive the motor 11 to run.

[0069] In the current design, the filter in the motor controller uses a complex structure to connect the grounding copper busbar and the grounding spring, which not only makes the structure more complex but also makes connecting the grounding copper busbar and the grounding spring more difficult. Furthermore, the sealing at the connection point between the grounding copper busbar and the grounding spring is poorer, causing the potting compound to overflow more easily from the connection point during the manufacturing process of the motor controller. This reduces both the production efficiency and the manufacturing quality of the motor controller's capacitor structure.

[0070] This application embodiment achieves the connection and fixation of the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar by using plastic parts stacked between them and reusing plastic parts to cover the first groove. This simplifies the connection method of the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar, avoids potting compound overflow, simplifies the connection method of the filter in the motor controller, improves the sealing effect, and improves the production efficiency and production quality of the motor controller.

[0071] The motor controller provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail below.

[0072] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a motor controller module 14 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a motor controller module 14 provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein... Figure 5 The filter 200 was omitted in the middle. Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of the motor controller module 14 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 AA section view in the image. Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of part M1 in the middle.

[0073] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5The motor controller module 14 includes a bus capacitor 100 and a filter 200. The filter 200 filters the DC power before transmitting it to the bus capacitor 100. The bus capacitor 100 is used to regulate the DC power. Specifically, the bus capacitor 100 is used for energy storage, filtering, providing instantaneous peak power, and suppressing voltage spikes and the effects of loop inductance.

[0074] Among them, combined Figure 6 and Figure 7 The bus capacitor 100 includes a housing 110 and a capacitor core 120 housed within the housing 110. The number of capacitor cores 120 is not limited in this application and can be designed as needed.

[0075] Among them, combined Figure 6 and Figure 7 The filter 200 includes multiple capacitors 210 and at least one magnetic ring (not shown). The multiple capacitors 210 include a Y capacitor 211 and an X capacitor (not shown). The Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 is connected between the live wire or neutral wire and the ground wire, and is typically used in pairs to filter common-mode interference. The X capacitor of the filter 200 is connected between the live wire and the neutral wire, and is used alone to filter differential-mode interference. In this embodiment, the capacitor 210 used to connect the grounding spring 230 refers to the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200.

[0076] In one embodiment, the filter 200 may include only two Y capacitors 211 for filtering DC power to remove common-mode interference. In another embodiment, the filter 200 may also include other devices for filtering.

[0077] The housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 is also used to accommodate the capacitor 210 of the filter 200. The Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 is housed in the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100, so that the structural components of the motor controller module 14 are arranged compactly.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 6 and Figure 7 The Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 and the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 are distributed within the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100. When potting compound is filled into the housing of the bus capacitor 100, the potting compound fixes the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 and the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200.

[0079] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6As shown, the two Y capacitors 211 of the filter 200 and part of the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 are arranged side by side. The two Y capacitors 211 and part of the capacitor core 120 are distributed on the same side of another part of the capacitor core 120, so that the two Y capacitors 211 and the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 are arranged compactly in the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100, reducing the volume of the motor controller module 14.

[0080] In one embodiment, the motor controller module 14 further includes a power module (not shown), a circuit board, and a heat sink, with the circuit board, power module, and bus capacitor 100 stacked sequentially.

[0081] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 yes Figure 9 BB section view in the middle. Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of part M2 in the middle. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a grounding spring 230, a plastic part 250, and a fixing part 240 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250 and fixing part 240 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250 and fixing part 240 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0082] In one embodiment, combined with Figures 7 to 11 The housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 includes a first groove 111 and a first through hole 112, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first groove 111 is recessed inward from the outer surface of the housing 110, and the opening 111a of the first groove 111 faces the outer side of the housing 110. A first through hole 112 is distributed on the groove wall of the first groove 111, and the first through hole 112 is used to connect the first groove 111 and the inner side of the housing 110. (Combined) Figure 7 and Figure 8 One end 221 of the grounding copper busbar 220 of the motor controller 13 is distributed inside the housing 110 and connected to the capacitor 210 of the filter 200. The other end 222 of the grounding copper busbar 220 passes through the first through hole 112 and extends into the first groove 111.

[0083] like Figures 12 to 14 As shown, the motor controller 13 also includes a plastic part 250, a grounding spring 230, and a fixing part 240. Among them, as... Figure 8As shown, the plastic part 250 is used to cover the groove 111a of the first groove 111. The grounding spring 230 is stacked on the side of the plastic part 250 away from the first groove 111. The grounding spring 230 is used to electrically connect the housing 15 of the motor controller 13. The fixing member 240 passes through and fixes the other end 222 of the grounding spring 230, the plastic part 250 and the grounding copper busbar 220. The fixing member 240 is used to electrically connect the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220.

[0084] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, capacitor 210 of filter 200 is the Y-capacitor 211 of filter 200. Y-capacitor 211 of filter 200 is connected to one end 221 of grounding copper busbar 220. One end 221 of grounding copper busbar 220 and Y-capacitor 211 are housed inside the housing 110 of busbar capacitor 100. The other end 222 of grounding copper busbar 220 is connected to grounding spring 230 via fixing member 240. Grounding spring 230 is used to electrically connect to the housing 15 of motor controller 13, so that capacitor 210 of filter 200 is electrically connected to the housing 15 of motor controller 13. The housing 15 of motor controller 13 serves as ground, thus grounding capacitor 210 of filter 200. Figure 8 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the grounding copper busbar 220 is Z-shaped.

[0085] In this embodiment, the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 is housed within the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100, resulting in a higher overall integration and smaller size of the bus capacitor 100. To ground the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200, a first through-hole 112 is formed in the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100, allowing the grounding copper busbar 220 to extend through the first through-hole 112 from within the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100. Since potting compound is filled inside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 to fix the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 and the capacitor 210 of the filter 200, the potting compound overflows from the first through-hole 112 to the outside of the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100.

[0086] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 11A first groove 111 is formed in the housing 110, recessed inward from the outer surface of the housing 110. A first through hole 112 is distributed on the groove wall of the first groove 111, allowing the other end 222 of the grounding copper busbar 220 to pass through the first through hole 112 and extend into the first groove 111. The first groove 111 accommodates the other end 222 of the grounding copper busbar 220 and the fixing member 240, allowing the fixing member 240, which connects the grounding copper busbar 220 and the grounding spring 230, to be embedded in the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100, thus making the outer surface of the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100 flat. Furthermore, by sealing the opening 111a of the first groove 111 with a plastic part 250, potting compound is prevented from overflowing from the opening 111a of the first groove 111 onto the outer surface of the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100.

[0087] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250, and grounding copper bus 220 are stacked, with the plastic part 250 stacked on the outer periphery of the housing 110 of the first groove 111, preventing the grounding spring 230 from contacting the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 and affecting the grounding effect. The fixing member 240 passes through the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250, and grounding copper bus 220 in sequence, pressing and fixing the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250, and grounding copper bus 220 in a direction parallel to the opening 111a of the first groove 111, thus achieving an electrical connection between the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper bus 220. While the fixing member 240 presses and fixes the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250, and grounding copper bus 220, it also makes the plastic part 250 seal the opening 111a of the first groove 111 more tightly, improving the seal of the opening 111a of the first groove 111.

[0088] In this embodiment, by forming a first groove 111 in the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 and distributing the first through hole 112 through the grounding copper busbar 220 on the groove wall of the first groove 111, when the fixing member 240 presses and fixes the stacked grounding spring 230 and the plastic part 250 to the grounding copper busbar 220 of the first groove 111, the plastic part 250 can also cover the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111, preventing the potting compound in the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 from overflowing from the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111. It also allows the capacitor 210 of the filter 200 distributed in the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 to be connected and fixed to the grounding spring 230 through the grounding copper busbar 220 and the fixing member 240, thereby realizing the grounding of the capacitor 210 of the filter 200. In this embodiment, a plastic component 250 is stacked between the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220 to connect and fix the two, thereby grounding the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200. The reuse of the plastic component 250 avoids the overflow of potting compound, making the structure of the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 grounding simple, saving parts, improving the production efficiency of the capacitor structure of the motor controller 13, and also improving the production quality of the motor controller 13.

[0089] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 13 The plastic part 250 includes a first protrusion 251, which is used to be embedded in the first groove 111. The grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251 and the grounding copper busbar 220 are stacked in sequence. The fixing member 240 passes through and fixes the grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251 and the grounding spring 230 in sequence.

[0090] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 13 The plastic part 250 includes a first protrusion 251, which is embedded in the first groove 111, such that the first protrusion 251 is opposite to the groove wall of the first groove 111. The grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251 and the grounding copper bus 220 are stacked in sequence along the direction parallel to the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111. The fixing member 240 passes through and fixes the grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251 and the grounding spring 230 in sequence, so that the fixed connection between the fixing member 240 and the first protrusion 251 of the plastic part 250 is more stable, thereby making the connection between the grounding copper bus 220 and the grounding spring 230 more reliable, improving the grounding reliability of the capacitor 210 of the filter 200, and also making the plastic part 250 and the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111 more tightly sealed.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first direction X is defined as parallel to the orientation of the slot 111a of the first groove 111. The grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251, and the grounding copper busbar 220 are stacked sequentially along the first direction. The fixing member 240 passes through and fixes the grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251, and the grounding spring 230 sequentially along the first direction X.

[0092] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 14 The plastic part 250 also includes a second through hole 252, which extends along the groove 111a of the first groove 111 and passes through the first protrusion 251. The fixing member 240 passes through the second through hole 252 to fix the grounding copper busbar 220. In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the grounding copper busbar 220 includes a fourth through hole 223, which is arranged adjacent to the second through hole 252. The fixing member 240 passes through the second through hole 252 and the fourth through hole 223 in sequence. Figure 14 As shown, the grounding spring 230 includes a fifth through hole 233, and the fixing member 240 passes through the fifth through hole 233, the second through hole 252 and the fourth through hole 223 in sequence.

[0093] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 10 and Figure 11 The first groove 111 includes a first segment 1111 and a second segment 1112 that are adjacent to each other. The first segment 1111 is closer to the opening 111a of the first groove 111 than the second segment 1112. The groove width of the first segment 1111 is greater than the groove width of the second segment 1112. Figure 8 and Figure 13 As shown, the gap between the groove wall of the first segment 1111 and the first protrusion 251 also serves to accommodate the sealing ring 260. Figure 11 As shown, the first through hole 112 is distributed on the groove wall of the second section 1112.

[0094] In this embodiment of the application, a first segment 1111 with a larger groove width in the first groove 111 accommodates the first protrusion 251 of the plastic part 250, and the first through hole 112 is distributed in a second segment 1112 with a smaller groove width, so that when the first protrusion 251 is embedded in the first segment 1111 of the first groove 111, the sealing ring 260 is squeezed along the groove width direction Y of the first groove 111, thereby improving the sealing effect of the plastic part 250 on the first groove 111.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 11As shown, the groove width of the first segment 1111 is greater than the groove width of the second segment 1112, so that the second segment 1112 has an end face 1113 between the opening of the first segment 1111 and the groove wall of the first segment 1111. This end face 1113 faces the opening of the first segment 1111, so that the first segment 1111 and the end face 1113 form a receiving space that can accommodate the sealing ring 260, and the sealing ring 260 abuts against the end face 1113 in a direction parallel to the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111. Figure 8 and Figure 11 The first through hole 112 is distributed in the second section 1112. The second section 1112 is closer to the bottom 111b of the first groove 111 than the first section 1111. The sealing structure formed by the first protrusion 251, the sealing ring 260 and the groove wall of the first section 1111 is distributed above the second section 1112. This allows the sealing structure formed by the first protrusion 251, the sealing ring 260 and the groove wall of the first section 1111 to block the potting compound overflowing from the first through hole 112 of the second section 1112.

[0096] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the groove of the first segment 1111 facing away from the second segment 1112 is the groove 111a of the first groove 111. The groove 111a of the first groove 111 faces the sealing ring 260 and is used to abut against the part of the plastic part 250 surrounding the first protrusion 251. The length of the groove 111a of the first groove 111 facing the sealing ring 260 is greater than the length of the first segment 1111.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the length along the groove 111a of the first groove 111 towards the sealing ring 260 refers to the height of the sealing ring 260 along the first direction X, and the length along the groove 111a of the first groove 111 towards the first segment 1111 refers to the height of the first segment 1111 along the first direction X. (Combined) Figure 8 and Figure 13 Since the groove of the first segment 1111 facing away from the groove of the second segment 1112 is the groove 111a of the first recess 111, the sealing ring 260 can contact the plastic part 250. The sealing ring 260 surrounds the first protrusion 251, so that the sealing ring 260 and the part of the plastic part 250 surrounding the first protrusion 251 abut against each other along the first direction X. By making the height of the sealing ring 260 along the first direction X greater than the height of the first segment 1111 along the first direction X, the sealing effect between the plastic part 250, the sealing ring 260 and the first segment 1111 of the first recess 111 is better when the fixing member 240 presses the grounding spring 230 and the plastic part 250 into the bus capacitor 100 housing around the first recess 111.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 13 The sealing ring 260 can be pre-fitted around the outer periphery of the first protrusion 251. The groove of the first segment 1111 facing away from the second segment 1112 is the groove 111a of the first groove 111. When the first protrusion 251 of the plastic part 250 is inserted into the first groove 111 along the groove 111a of the first groove 111, the sealing ring 260 surrounding the first protrusion 251 can also be simultaneously embedded into the first segment 1111 along the groove 111a of the first groove 111, making the assembly of the sealing ring 260 more convenient. When the fixing member 240 presses the fixing grounding spring 230, plastic part 250 and grounding copper bus 220 along the first direction X, the part of plastic part 250 surrounding the first protrusion 251 can be pressed towards the sealing ring 260 along the groove 111a of the first groove 111, so that the fixing connection of the grounding spring 230, plastic part 250 and grounding copper bus 220 and the sealing ring 260 can be performed simultaneously, simplifying the installation steps and improving the production efficiency of the motor controller 13.

[0099] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the width of the sealing ring 260 along the groove width direction Y of the first groove 111 is greater than the difference in groove width between the first segment 1111 and the second segment 1112. This causes the sealing ring 260 to be pressed into the space between the first protrusion 251 and the first segment 1111 when the first protrusion 251 of the plastic part 250 is embedded in the first groove 111. This causes the sealing ring 260 to abut against the groove wall of the first protrusion 251 and the first segment 1111 along the groove width direction Y of the first groove 111, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0100] In this embodiment of the application, the groove width direction Y of the first groove 111 is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0101] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 14 The second through hole 252 is used to accommodate the conductive fixing sleeve 270. The first part 271 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 is exposed through an opening 2521 of the second through hole 252 and surrounds the opening 2521 of the second through hole 252. The grounding spring piece 230 is stacked on the first part 271 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270. Figure 8 and Figure 13 The second part 272 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 is exposed through another opening 2522 of the second through hole 252. The second part 272 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 is stacked on the grounding copper busbar 220. The fixing member 240 passes through and fixes the grounding spring 230, the conductive fixing sleeve 270 and the grounding copper busbar 220.

[0102] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 14To improve the electrical connection stability between the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220, a conductive fixing sleeve 270 is installed in the second through hole 252. The first part 271 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 is exposed through an opening 2521 of the second through hole 252 and surrounds the opening 2521 of the second through hole 252. The grounding spring 230 is stacked on the first part 271 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270, so that the grounding spring 230 and the conductive fixing sleeve 270 are in contact and electrically connected. Figure 8 and Figure 13 The second portion 272 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 is exposed through another opening 2522 of the second through hole 252. The second portion 272 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 is stacked on the grounding copper busbar 220, so that the grounding copper busbar 220 contacts and is electrically connected to the conductive fixing sleeve 270. The fixing member 240 passes through and fixes the grounding spring 230, the conductive fixing sleeve 270 and the grounding copper busbar 220, so that the contact between the grounding spring 230, the conductive fixing sleeve 270 and the grounding copper busbar 220 is more reliable, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220.

[0103] In one embodiment, the fixing member 240 is a conductive fixing member 240, which enables the fixing member 240 to electrically connect the grounding copper busbar 220 and the grounding spring 230 when it comes into contact with the grounding copper busbar 220 and the grounding spring 230.

[0104] In one embodiment, the plastic part 250 is generally made of an insulating and non-conductive material, and the fixing part 240 is a screw 240. The connection reliability between the screw 240 and the plastic part 250 is poor. By inserting a conductive fixing sleeve 270 into the second through hole 252 of the plastic part 250, the connection between the screw 240 and the conductive fixing sleeve 270 becomes more stable and reliable. This allows the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220 to be electrically connected simultaneously through the screw 240 and the conductive fixing sleeve 270, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220.

[0105] In one embodiment, the conductive fixing sleeve 270 may not be provided if the electrical connection between the fixing member 240 and the grounding copper busbar 220 and the grounding spring 230 meets the requirements.

[0106] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 8 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 When the fastener 240 is a screw 240, the screw head 241 of the screw 240 is stacked on the side of the grounding spring 230 away from the plastic part 250, so that when the screw 240 is screwed into the conductive fixing sleeve 270, the screw head 241 of the screw 240 squeezes the grounding spring 230, so that the grounding spring 230 and the first part 271 of the conductive fixing sleeve 270 are in close contact, thereby improving the reliability of the electrical connection between the grounding spring 230 and the conductive fixing sleeve 270.

[0107] In one embodiment, the conductive retaining sleeve 270 is a screw sleeve that matches the screw 240.

[0108] Figure 15 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of the bus capacitor 100 and a portion of the filter 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0109] In one embodiment, such as Figure 15 As shown, the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 also includes a sealing groove 113, which is used to accommodate the sealing ring 260. The opening of the sealing groove 113 faces the same direction as the opening 111a of the first groove 111. The sealing groove 113 surrounds the opening 111a of the first groove 111, and the plastic part 250 is stacked on the sealing groove 113.

[0110] In the application embodiment, a sealing groove 113 can also be formed around the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111 to accommodate the sealing ring 260, so that when the fixing member 240 presses and fixes the grounding spring 230, the plastic part 250 and the bus capacitor 100 housing and the grounding copper busbar 220 around the first groove 111, the sealing effect between the plastic part 250 and the first groove 111 is better.

[0111] In one embodiment, a sealing groove 113 can be formed only around the opening 111a of the first groove 111 to accommodate the sealing ring 260. The sealing effect can also be achieved without arranging the sealing ring 260 in the first groove 111, but it is necessary to additionally process the sealing groove 113 around the opening 111a of the first groove 111.

[0112] In one embodiment, the sealing ring 260 may be arranged only in the first groove 111, reducing the processing steps.

[0113] In one embodiment, a sealing groove 113 can be formed around the opening 111a of the first groove 111 to accommodate a sealing ring 260, and another sealing ring 260 can be arranged in the first groove 111. The sealing effect is improved by the sealing ring 260 in the first groove 111 and the sealing ring 260 around the opening 111a of the first groove 111 sealing at the same time.

[0114] In one embodiment, the combination continues. Figure 8 and Figure 11 The first groove 111 includes a second segment 1112 and a third segment 1114. The third segment 1114 is closer to the bottom 111b of the first groove 111 than the second segment 1112. The width of the third segment 1114 is smaller than the width of the second segment 1112. The first through hole 112 is located in the second segment 1112. Figure 8As shown, the third segment 1114 is used for embedding the nut 242, and the fastener 240 is a screw 240. The screw 240 passes through one end 221 of the grounding copper busbar 220 and is fixed to the nut 242.

[0115] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 11 The third segment 1114 is closer to the bottom 111b of the first groove 111 than the second segment 1112. The first through hole 112 is distributed in the second segment 1112. The third segment 1114 is used to embed the nut 242, so that the other end 222 of the grounding copper busbar 220 passing through the first through hole 112 is stacked on the nut 242. The groove width of the third segment 1114 is smaller than the groove width of the second segment 1112, so that the nut 242 is embedded more tightly in the third segment 1114. When the screw 240 passes sequentially through the grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251 of the plastic part 250, and the grounding copper busbar 220, and is then screwed into the nut 242, the connection between the grounding spring 230, the first protrusion 251 of the plastic part 250, the grounding copper busbar 220, and the nut 242 becomes more reliable. This allows the screw 240 to be fixed to the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100 via the nut 242, and also makes the plastic part 250 seal the opening 111a of the first groove 111 more tightly. In this embodiment, by embedding the nut 242 inside the bottom 111b of the first groove 111, the grounding spring 230, the plastic part 250, the grounding copper busbar 220, and the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100 are fixed more tightly, resulting in a better sealing effect of the plastic part 250 on the first groove 111, and improved electrical connection stability between the fixing member 240 and the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220.

[0116] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 11 The first groove 111 further includes a fourth segment 1115, which is distributed on the side of the third segment 1114 opposite to the opening 111a of the first groove 111. The width of the fourth segment 1115 is smaller than the width of the third segment 1114. The width of the fourth segment 1115 is larger than the outer diameter of the portion of the screw 240 that passes through the nut 242, so that the fourth segment 1115 can accommodate the portion of the screw 240 that passes through the nut 242.

[0117] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 8 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 The plastic part 250 includes a second protrusion 253 and a second through hole 252. The second through hole 252 is for passing through the fastener 240. The second protrusion 253 is raised away from the first groove 111 and surrounds the second through hole 252. The grounding spring 230 is accommodated in the area surrounded by the second protrusion 253. At least a portion of the grounding spring 230 protrudes from the second protrusion 253 along the protrusion direction of the second protrusion 253.

[0118] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 The second protrusion 253 protrudes away from the first groove 111 along the first direction X. The second protrusion 253 surrounds the second through hole 252. The grounding spring 230 is accommodated in the area surrounded by the second protrusion 253. At least a portion of the grounding spring 230 protrudes from the second protrusion 253 along the protrusion direction of the second protrusion 253. After the grounding spring 230 is stacked on the plastic part 250, the grounding spring 230 is restricted in the area surrounded by the second protrusion 253. This prevents the grounding spring 230 from rotating and failing to be accurately positioned during the process of fixing and pressing the grounding spring 230 by the fixing member 240. This would cause the grounding spring 230 to have unstable contact with the housing 15 of the motor controller 13, affecting the grounding effect of the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200.

[0119] In this embodiment, the reused plastic part 250 forms a second protrusion 253, which limits the grounding spring 230 within the area of ​​the plastic part 250, avoiding grounding instability, reducing limiting structural components, and making the connection structure between the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220 simpler.

[0120] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 12 and Figure 14 The grounding spring 230 includes a fixed section 231 and a bent section 232. The fixed section 231 is used for fixed connection with the fixing member 240, the conductive fixing sleeve 270, and the plastic part 250. The bent section 232 is used for contacting and electrically connecting to the housing 15 of the motor controller 13. The fixed section 231 is stacked along the first direction X on the second through hole 252 of the plastic part 250. The bent section 232 is bent away from the plastic part 250 along the first direction X relative to the fixed section 231, and the bent section 232 is bent upwards along the first direction X. Figure 12 As shown, the fixed segment 231 and the bent segment 232 are arranged along the second direction W, which is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0121] In one embodiment, one end of the bent section 232 is connected to the fixed section 231, and the other end of the bent section 232 faces the plastic part 250, and the bent section 232 is inverted V-shaped.

[0122] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 12 and Figure 14 The second protrusion 253 includes a notch 254, the opening of which faces the second direction W, such that the grounding spring 230 is incorporated into the area surrounded by the second protrusion 253 along the second direction W. In one embodiment, the grounding spring 230 may also be inserted into the area surrounded by the second protrusion 253 from above along the first direction X.

[0123] In one embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, the length of the plastic part 250 along the second direction W is greater than the length of the plastic part 250 along the third direction Z, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction W. The length of the grounding spring 230 along the second direction W is greater than the length of the grounding spring 230 along the third direction Z. Wherein, as... Figure 14 As shown, the second through hole 252 of the plastic part 250 is distributed at one end of the plastic part 250 along the second direction W, so that the fixing section 231 and the fixing member 240 of the grounding spring 230 are fixed to the plastic part 250 near one end of the plastic part 250 along the second direction W, and the bending section 232 of the grounding spring 230 is near the other end of the plastic part 250 along the second direction W.

[0124] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 The housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 includes a top wall 114 and a bottom wall 115, which are arranged opposite each other along a first direction X. The bottom wall 115 is stacked between the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 and the top wall 114 along the first direction X. When the bus capacitor 100 is placed inside the housing 15 of the motor controller 13, the bottom wall 115 of the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 is opposite to the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 along the first direction X.

[0125] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 includes a slotted housing 151 and a cover plate 152. The cover plate 152 is used to enclose the slot 1511 of the slotted housing 151 along the first direction X. The bottom wall 115 of the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 is opposite to the bottom 1512 of the slotted housing 151 along the first direction X.

[0126] In one embodiment, the first groove 111 is distributed on the bottom wall 115, and the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111 along the first direction X is away from the top wall 114, and the grounding spring 230 abuts against the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 along the first direction X.

[0127] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first grooves 111 are distributed on the bottom wall 115, and the openings 111a of the first grooves 111 along the first direction X are away from the top wall 114. Combined with... Figure 3 and Figure 5When the plastic part 250 covers the groove 111a of the first groove 111 along the first direction X, the fixing member 240 fixes the grounding spring 230 to the plastic part 250 and the grounding copper busbar 220 along the first direction X, so that the grounding spring 230 is stacked between the plastic part 250 and the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 along the first direction X, so that the grounding spring 230 abuts against the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 along the first direction X. In this embodiment, the grounding spring 230 is abutted against the housing 15 of the motor controller 13. After the bus capacitor 100 is installed into the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 along the first direction X, the bus capacitor 100 presses the grounding spring 230 into close contact with the housing 15 of the motor controller 13. This not only grounds the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200, but also makes the grounding spring 230 press against the groove 111a of the plastic part 250 and the first groove 111 under the pressure of the weight of the bus capacitor 100, so that the first groove 111 and the plastic part 250 are sealed more tightly.

[0128] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 includes a slotted housing 151, the bottom wall 115 along the first direction X is opposite to the slot bottom 1512 of the slotted housing 151, and the grounding spring 230 abuts against the slot bottom 1512 of the slotted housing 151 along the first direction X.

[0129] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 The bottom wall 115 includes a second groove 116, which is recessed towards the top wall 114 along a first direction X. A first groove 111 is distributed at the bottom 1161 of the second groove 116. The plastic part 250 and the grounding spring 230 are fixed to the bottom 1161 of the second groove 116. The housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 also includes a third through hole 117, which is used to pass through the copper busbar 101 for receiving DC power through the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100. The third through hole 117 is distributed on the circumferential groove wall 1162 of the second groove 116. The length direction of the plastic part 250 is the same as the opening direction of the third through hole 117. The first groove 111 and the third through hole 117 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the plastic part 250.

[0130] In this embodiment of the application, the first groove 111 is distributed at the bottom 1161 of the second groove 116, and the plastic part 250 and the grounding spring 230 are fixed at the bottom 1161 of the second groove 116, so that the plastic part 250 and the grounding spring 230 do not additionally increase the height of the bus capacitor 100 in the first direction X.

[0131] In this embodiment, the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 receives DC power through a copper busbar 101. One end of the copper busbar 101 extends into the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 for electrical connection to the capacitor core 120, and the other end of the copper busbar 101 passes through a third through-hole 117 and is exposed outside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100. The other end of the copper busbar 101 is used for electrical connection to the power battery 30. In this embodiment, some capacitors and magnetic rings of the filter 200 are distributed outside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100. The DC power transmitted by the power battery 30 is filtered by the filter 200 and then transmitted to the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100. In the filter 200, the capacitors and magnetic rings distributed outside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 and the capacitors distributed inside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 are all electrically connected to the copper busbar 101. The capacitors and magnetic rings distributed outside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 and the capacitors distributed inside the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 together constitute the filter 200 to filter the data transmitted by the copper busbar 101.

[0132] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 The third through-hole 117 for passing through the copper busbar 101 is distributed in the circumferential groove wall 1162 of the second groove 116, so that the portion of the copper busbar 101 distributed outside the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100 is also distributed in the second groove 116. This ensures that the portion of the copper busbar 101 distributed outside the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100 does not additionally occupy the height of the busbar capacitor 100 in the first direction X, and makes the portion of the copper busbar 101, the plastic part 250, and the grounding copper busbar 220 distributed outside the housing 110 of the busbar capacitor 100 compactly arranged. Furthermore, by aligning the length direction of the plastic part 250 with the opening direction of the third through-hole 117, and arranging the first groove 111 and the third through-hole 117 at intervals along the width direction of the plastic part 250, the grounding spring 230 stacked above the plastic part 250 and the copper busbar 101 are spaced apart along the width direction of the plastic part 250, avoiding mutual interference. The width direction of the plastic part 250 is parallel to the third direction Z, and the length direction of the plastic part 250 is parallel to the second direction W, as shown below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first groove 111 and the third through hole 117 are spaced apart in the third direction Z, so that the copper busbar 101 passing through the third through hole 117 and the grounding spring 230 are spaced apart in the third direction Z, so that the copper busbar and the grounding spring 230 can make full use of the space of the second groove 116 while avoiding mutual electrical interference.

[0133] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 is distributed below the second groove 116.

[0134] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the height of the grounding spring 230 along the first direction X is less than or equal to the groove depth of the second groove 116.

[0135] In this embodiment, the plastic part 250 and the grounding spring 230 are fixed by forming a second groove 116 in the bottom wall 115, and the height of the grounding spring 230 is less than the groove depth of the second groove 116 to avoid the grounding spring 230 being damaged during transportation.

[0136] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the height of the grounding spring 230 along the first direction X is less than or equal to the groove depth of the second groove 116, a protrusion 153 is formed on the portion of the housing 15 of the motor controller 13 corresponding to the grounding spring 230, so that the grounding spring 230 can contact the protrusion 153 to achieve electrical connection. In one embodiment, a protrusion 153 is formed on the bottom 1512 of the groove-shaped housing 151 of the motor controller 13, and the protrusion 153 protrudes towards the second groove 116 along the first direction X, so that the grounding spring 230 fixed in the second groove 116 contacts the protrusion 153, thereby making the grounding spring 230 electrically connected to the housing 15 of the motor controller 13.

[0137] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 Along the opening direction of the third through hole 117, the distance between the first groove 111 and the third through hole 117 is greater than half the width of the second groove 116. One end of the plastic part 250 is stacked on the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111, and the other end of the plastic part 250 is distributed between the first groove 111 and the third through hole 117 along the opening direction of the third through hole 117.

[0138] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 The opening direction of the third through hole 117 is parallel to the second direction W. The distance between the first groove 111 and the third through hole 117 is greater than half the width of the second groove 116, so that the first groove 111 is distributed on the side of the second groove 116 away from the third through hole 117. One end of the plastic part 250 is stacked on the groove opening 111a of the first groove 111. The other end of the plastic part 250 is distributed between the first groove 111 and the third through hole 117 along the opening direction of the third through hole 117, so that the plastic part 250 and the grounding spring 230 arranged on the plastic part 250 are arranged facing the third through hole 117, making full use of the space of the second groove 116, so that the structural components are arranged compactly.

[0139] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 5 and Figure 7The housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 also includes a first sidewall 118 and a second sidewall 119, which are distributed between the top wall 114 and the bottom wall 115. The first sidewall 118 and the second sidewall 119 are arranged opposite each other along a second direction W, which is perpendicular to the first direction X. The second sidewall 119 includes an opening 1191, through which the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 and the capacitor 210 of the filter 200 are inserted into the inside of the housing 110 along the second direction W. The opening of the first through hole 112 faces the opening 1191 of the second sidewall 119 along the second direction W.

[0140] In this embodiment, the first through hole 112 is used to pass through the grounding copper busbar 220. The opening of the first through hole 112 is oriented toward the opening of the second sidewall 119 along the second direction W, so that the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 and the grounding copper busbar 220 are installed into the housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 from the opening 1191 of the second sidewall 119 along the second direction W, making the installation of the grounding copper busbar 220 and the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200 more convenient.

[0141] In one embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, a portion of the first sidewall 118 forms the groove wall of the first groove 111, and the first through hole 112 and a portion of the first sidewall 118 are arranged opposite each other along the second direction W.

[0142] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 11 The reused portion of the first sidewall 118 forms the groove wall of the first groove 111, simplifying the structure of the first groove 111 used to connect the grounding spring 230 and the grounding copper busbar 220. The first through hole 112 and a portion of the first sidewall 118 are arranged opposite each other along the second direction W, such that the first through hole 112 is distributed on the groove wall of the first groove 111 between the first sidewall 118 and the second sidewall 119, allowing the grounding copper busbar 220 to extend from the opening of the second sidewall 119 into the first through hole 112 and then into the first groove 111 along the second direction W, making the installation of the grounding copper busbar 220 simple. If the first through hole 112 is distributed on the first side wall 118 of the part of the groove wall that forms the first groove 111, not only will the installation direction of the grounding copper bus 220 be inconsistent with the installation direction of the capacitor core 120 of the bus capacitor 100 and the Y capacitor 211 of the filter 200, which complicates the installation, but also require additional sealing elements to seal the first through hole 112 of the first side wall 118, which makes the sealing structure more complicated.

[0143] In one embodiment, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5The housing 110 of the bus capacitor 100 also includes a third groove 121. The opening of the third groove 121 is away from the top wall 114 along the first direction X. The groove depth of the third groove 121 along the first direction X is greater than the groove depth of the second groove 116. The third groove 121 is used to accommodate the magnetic ring of the filter 200 and other capacitors. The third groove 121 is distributed on one side of the second groove 116 along the third direction Z. The third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction W. The copper busbar 101 sequentially connects the magnetic ring and other capacitors in the third groove 121 of the filter 200, as well as the capacitors 210 of the filter 200 and the capacitor cores 120 of the bus capacitor 100 distributed in the housing of the bus capacitor 100.

[0144] In this embodiment, the third groove 121 and the second groove 116 are arranged adjacent to each other along the third direction Z, so that the multiple capacitors 210 and the magnetic ring structure of the filter 200 are arranged compactly, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the bus capacitor 100.

[0145] In one embodiment, the third groove 121 includes an opening in a third direction Z away from the second groove 116, facilitating the installation of other capacitor and magnetic ring assemblies of the filter 200.

[0146] The motor controller, powertrain, and electric vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and embodiments of this application. The description of the embodiments above is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A motor controller, characterized in that, The motor controller includes a bus capacitor and a filter. The housing of the bus capacitor accommodates the capacitor core and the capacitor of the filter. The filter filters the DC power before transmitting it to the bus capacitor. The housing of the bus capacitor includes a first groove and a first through hole. The first groove is recessed inward from the outer surface of the housing, and the groove opening faces the outer side of the housing. The first through hole is distributed on the groove wall of the first groove and is used to connect the first groove and the inner side of the housing. One end of the grounding copper busbar of the motor controller is distributed inside the housing and connected to the capacitor of the filter. The other end of the grounding copper busbar extends into the first groove through the first through hole. The motor controller further includes a plastic component, a grounding spring, and a fixing component. The plastic component is used to cover the opening of the first groove. The grounding spring is stacked on the side of the plastic component facing away from the first groove. The grounding spring is used to electrically connect to the housing of the motor controller. The fixing component passes through and fixes the other end of the grounding spring, the plastic component, and the grounding copper busbar. The fixing component is used to electrically connect the grounding spring and the grounding copper busbar.

2. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plastic part includes a first protrusion for embedding in the first groove. The grounding spring, the first protrusion, and the grounding copper busbar are stacked in sequence. The fixing member passes through and fixes the grounding spring, the first protrusion, and the grounding spring in sequence.

3. The motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first groove includes a first segment and a second segment distributed adjacent to each other. The first segment is closer to the opening of the first groove than the second segment. The groove width of the first segment is greater than the groove width of the second segment. The gap between the groove wall of the first segment and the first protrusion is also used to accommodate the sealing ring. The first through hole is distributed on the groove wall of the second segment.

4. The motor controller according to claim 3, characterized in that, The groove of the first segment facing away from the second segment is the groove of the first groove. The groove of the first groove faces the sealing ring and is used to abut against the portion of the plastic part surrounding the first protrusion. The length of the groove of the first groove facing the sealing ring is greater than the length of the first segment.

5. The motor controller according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The plastic part further includes a second through hole, which extends through the first protrusion along the groove of the first groove. The second through hole is used to accommodate a conductive fixing sleeve. A first part of the conductive fixing sleeve is exposed through one opening of the second through hole and surrounds one opening of the second through hole. The grounding spring is stacked on the first part of the conductive fixing sleeve. A second part of the conductive fixing sleeve is exposed through another opening of the second through hole. The second part of the conductive fixing sleeve is stacked on the grounding copper busbar. The fixing member passes through and fixes the grounding spring, the conductive fixing sleeve and the grounding copper busbar.

6. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The housing of the bus capacitor also includes a sealing groove for accommodating a sealing ring. The opening of the sealing groove faces the same direction as the opening of the first groove. The sealing groove surrounds the opening of the first groove, and the plastic part is stacked on the sealing groove.

7. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The first groove includes a second section and a third section. The third section is closer to the bottom of the first groove than the second section. The groove width of the third section is smaller than that of the second section. The first through hole is distributed in the second section. The third section is used to embed a nut. The fixing member is a screw. The end of the screw that passes through the grounding copper busbar is fixed to the nut.

8. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The plastic part includes a second protrusion and a second through hole, the second through hole being for passing through the fixing member, the second protrusion being opposite to the first groove protrusion, the second protrusion surrounding the second through hole, the grounding spring being accommodated in the area surrounded by the second protrusion, and at least a portion of the grounding spring protruding from the second protrusion along the protrusion direction of the second protrusion.

9. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The housing of the bus capacitor includes a top wall and a bottom wall, the top wall and the bottom wall being arranged opposite each other along a first direction, and the bottom wall being stacked between the housing of the motor controller and the top wall along the first direction, wherein: The first groove is distributed on the bottom wall, and the opening of the first groove is away from the top wall along the first direction. The grounding spring abuts against the housing of the motor controller along the first direction.

10. The motor controller according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bottom wall includes a second groove, which is recessed towards the top wall along the first direction. The first groove is distributed at the bottom of the second groove. The plastic part and the grounding spring are fixed to the bottom of the second groove. The housing of the bus capacitor also includes a third through hole, which is used to pass through the copper busbar for receiving DC power through the capacitor core of the bus capacitor. The third through hole is distributed on the circumferential groove wall of the second groove. The length direction of the plastic part is the same as the opening direction of the third through hole. The first groove and the third through hole are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the plastic part.

11. The motor controller according to claim 10, characterized in that, Along the opening direction of the third through hole, the distance between the first groove and the third through hole is greater than half the width of the second groove. One end of the plastic part is stacked on the opening of the first groove, and the other end of the plastic part is distributed between the first groove and the third through hole along the opening direction of the third through hole.

12. The motor controller according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, The casing of the bus capacitor further includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, which are distributed between the top wall and the bottom wall. The first sidewall and the second sidewall are arranged opposite each other along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, wherein: The second sidewall includes an opening, and the capacitor core of the bus capacitor and the capacitor of the filter are used to be embedded into the inner side of the housing from the opening along the second direction, and the opening of the first through hole faces the opening of the second sidewall along the second direction.

13. The motor controller according to claim 12, characterized in that, A portion of the first sidewall forms the groove wall of the first groove, and the first through hole and the portion of the first sidewall are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction.

14. A powertrain, characterized in that, The powertrain includes a motor controller as described in any one of claims 1-13, the motor controller being used to control a drive motor.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes the powertrain as described in claim 14, the powertrain being used to drive the wheels.

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