Intelligent self-adaptive management system and method for low-power-consumption multi-mode sensor network

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent self-adaptive management system and method for a low-power-consumption multi-mode sensor network. The system comprises a multi-mode sensor module, a main control module and a power management module, the multi-mode sensor module is used for collecting environment temperature, humidity, vibration parameters and gas concentration data, and the main control module is used for carrying out trend recording and environment state judgment on the collected data and generating a power supply control instruction of a gas detection sensor; the system establishes environment temperature and humidity reference values in a starting stage; when the environmental parameters are in a stable range in continuous time, closing the gas detection sensor to reduce power consumption; when the environment temperature parameter and the environment humidity parameter are abnormal at the same time or the equipment vibration parameter is abnormal, power supply of the gas detection sensor is recovered; when only a single temperature anomaly or a single humidity anomaly occurs, only early warning is output, and a power-off state is maintained; when the environment is stable for a long time, the main control module enters a low-power-consumption operation mode and is awakened through abnormal interruption or a timing event.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of IoT monitoring and low-power sensor network management technology, specifically relating to a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of IoT technology, environmental monitoring systems are gradually evolving from single-sensor systems to multi-modal fusion systems. By collaboratively collecting data from multiple sensors such as temperature, humidity, vibration, and gas concentration, a comprehensive assessment of equipment operating status, environmental safety, and abnormal changes can be made. In long-term operation scenarios, to ensure continuous monitoring, the system usually needs to achieve uninterrupted data acquisition and processing, thus placing higher demands on power supply stability and energy consumption control. Especially in places where power is limited, battery-powered, or requires long-term unattended operation, how to reduce the overall power consumption of the monitoring system has become an important issue in IoT terminal design.

[0003] In existing environmental monitoring systems, most devices provide constant power to various sensors using fixed cycles or continuous operation. Even when the environment is stable, high-energy-consuming sensors such as gas detectors continue to operate, resulting in high overall system energy consumption. In addition, existing technologies typically rely on single-point sensor data for status assessment, making it difficult to identify sudden environmental changes by combining the correlation between multimodal parameters such as temperature, humidity, or vibration, thus limiting the intelligence of power consumption scheduling. Regarding low-power management, some technologies reduce energy consumption by lowering the sampling frequency or adjusting the operating mode, but they lack adaptive control mechanisms based on environmental change trends, resulting in insufficient dynamic adjustment capabilities for power supply.

[0004] In the aforementioned existing technologies, due to the lack of an environmental trend judgment mechanism based on the correlation between multimodal sensors and an adaptive dynamic power supply strategy for gas detection sensors, the system still maintains high energy consumption even when the environment is stable, making it difficult to effectively extend battery life. At the same time, when the environment undergoes sudden changes—such as a rapid rise in temperature, a sudden drop in humidity, or an abnormal change in vibration frequency—the system cannot trigger the gas detection function in a timely and accurate manner, affecting the reliability of monitoring. Therefore, the existing technologies urgently need an intelligent management scheme that can automatically schedule sensor power supply based on multimodal data trends, balancing low power consumption and high reliability, to solve the technical problems of excessive power consumption and insufficient abnormal response. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, embodiments of the present invention provide a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system and method; the technical solution is as follows: On the one hand, a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system is provided, including: A multimodal sensor module is used to collect data on ambient temperature, ambient humidity, equipment vibration parameters, and gas concentration in the environment. The multimodal sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a gas detection sensor. The main control module is used to record trends and judge environmental conditions of continuously collected temperature, humidity and vibration data, and generate power supply control commands for gas detection sensors based on changes in environmental conditions. The power management module is used to turn the power supply to the gas detection sensor on or off according to the power supply control command. The power consumption scheduling performed by the main control module includes: When the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and vibration parameters are all within their respective stable ranges for a continuous preset time, the power management module is controlled to shut off the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When the ambient temperature and humidity parameters are detected to exceed their respective stable ranges simultaneously, or when the vibration parameter is detected to exceed the vibration abnormality threshold, the power management module is controlled to restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time. When only the ambient temperature parameter or only the ambient humidity parameter is detected to exceed the corresponding stable range, an early warning message is output and the gas detection sensor is kept in a power-off state. If, during multiple consecutive longer acquisition cycles, and the duration exceeds the preset stabilization time for shutting down the gas detection sensor, no temperature, humidity, or vibration parameters exceeding the stabilization range are detected, the main control module enters a low-power operation mode. Upon receiving an abnormal indication signal or a timed wake-up signal, the module exits the low-power operation mode.

[0006] Furthermore, the stable ranges of the ambient temperature parameter and the ambient humidity parameter are obtained by collecting and calculating the ambient temperature and humidity data multiple times during the system startup phase, respectively. When the currently collected temperature value Tr is detected to satisfy Tr≥Tb+3℃, it is determined that the ambient temperature parameter exceeds its stable range; When the currently collected humidity value Hr is detected to satisfy Hr≤Hb−5%RH, it is determined that the environmental humidity parameter is out of its stable range; Wherein, Tb is the ambient temperature reference value determined during the system startup phase, and Hb is the ambient humidity reference value determined during the system startup phase.

[0007] Furthermore, the vibration sensor is used to acquire vibration signals during equipment operation in a high-frequency manner, and the main control module processes the vibration signals within a preset acquisition period to extract the vibration frequency parameter Fr; When the vibration frequency parameter satisfies Fr≥30Hz, it is determined that the vibration parameter exceeds the vibration abnormality threshold, and a corresponding abnormality indication signal is output to the main control module to indicate that the equipment operating status has undergone abnormal vibration changes.

[0008] Furthermore, the power management module includes a controlled power output unit, which is connected to the power supply terminal of the gas detection sensor; The controlled power output unit, under the power supply control command output by the main control module, turns the power supply voltage to the gas detection sensor on or off in a controlled manner.

[0009] Furthermore, when the main control module does not detect temperature, humidity, and vibration parameters exceeding the corresponding stable range for 60 consecutive minutes, the system switches from normal operation to low-power operation mode. In the low-power operation mode, the main control module stops the processor clock and maintains interrupt response capability to respond to abnormal indication signals output by temperature sensors, humidity sensors or vibration sensors, or to respond to preset timed wake-up signals.

[0010] On the other hand, a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management method is provided, including the following steps: S1. Periodically collect ambient temperature, ambient humidity and equipment vibration parameter data, and collect gas concentration data in the environment when the gas detection sensor is powered on; S2. Record the trends and extract features of temperature, humidity and vibration data collected over a period of time to obtain the temperature fluctuation range, humidity fluctuation range and vibration parameter changes. S3. Determine whether the environment is in a stable state based on the trend records and feature extraction results; S4. When the ambient temperature and humidity parameters are both determined to be outside their respective stable ranges, or when the equipment vibration parameters are determined to be outside the vibration abnormality threshold, restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When only the ambient temperature parameter or only the ambient humidity parameter exceeds the corresponding stable range, an early warning message is output and the gas detection sensor is kept in a power-off state. S5. When no change in environmental state is detected within multiple consecutive longer acquisition cycles, the system enters a low-power operation mode and exits the low-power operation mode when an abnormal trigger or timing condition is met.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the trend recording and feature extraction includes performing multiple continuous samplings of temperature, humidity and vibration parameters within a preset collection period, and performing statistical processing on the multiple sampling data to obtain the temperature fluctuation range, humidity fluctuation range and vibration frequency change characteristics.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the environment is in a stable state when the fluctuation range of the ambient temperature is less than ±3℃, the fluctuation range of the ambient humidity is less than ±5%RH, and the vibration frequency is always below 30Hz within 30 minutes.

[0013] Further, in step S4, before performing the operation to restore power to the gas detection sensor, if the temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the humidity value Hr≤Hb−5%RH are detected simultaneously, or the vibration frequency parameter Fr≥30Hz is detected, it is determined that the power supply to the gas detection sensor needs to be restored. When only Tr≥Tb+3℃ or only Hr≤Hb−5%RH is detected, it is determined to be a warning state, and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is not restored.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S5, the low-power operation mode is a low-power state in which the main control module stops the processor clock and enters a waiting interrupt state. In the low-power operation mode, the system maintains its ability to respond to abnormal indication signals and timed wake-up signals output by the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and vibration sensor. Upon receiving the abnormal indication signal or reaching the preset timed wake-up condition, the system exits the low-power operation mode and resumes the environmental status judgment process.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: First, by continuously collecting and trend-analyzing low-power sensor data such as ambient temperature, humidity, and vibration parameters, the stability of the environment is judged based on the fluctuation range of environmental parameters, avoiding the misjudgment problem caused by relying solely on a single sampling or a single sensor for decision-making, thus improving the reliability of environmental state identification.

[0016] Secondly, when the environment is stable, the system reduces the working time of high-power sensors by turning off the power supply to the gas detection sensors. When abnormal temperature rise, abnormal humidity drop, or abnormal change in vibration parameters is detected, the system can restore the power supply to the gas detection sensors and perform gas monitoring within a preset time, thereby effectively reducing the overall energy consumption of the system while ensuring the timeliness of environmental anomaly monitoring.

[0017] Third, when the environment does not change state within multiple consecutive acquisition cycles, the main control module enters a low-power operation mode. It reduces power consumption by stopping the processor clock and maintaining interrupt response capability, and resumes normal operation when abnormal interrupt or timed wake-up conditions are met. This enables the system to adapt to the energy consumption control requirements of long-term operation scenarios and improves the system's practicality and stability in power-constrained environments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature sensor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the vibration sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the gas sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply section of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1 This embodiment provides a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system. The system is used in environmental monitoring scenarios where multiple sensors operate for a long time to achieve coordinated monitoring of ambient temperature, ambient humidity, equipment vibration parameters and gas concentration, and adaptively manage the overall operating power consumption of the system while ensuring timely anomaly monitoring.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system of this embodiment includes a multimodal sensor module, a main control module, and a power management module. The multimodal sensor module is communicatively connected to the main control module, and the main control module is connected to both the multimodal sensor module and the power management module. It is used to process environmental parameter data, determine environmental status, and generate sensor power supply control commands. The power management module is used to implement dynamic power supply control for some high-power sensors according to the power supply control commands.

[0023] In this embodiment, the main control module uses an ARM-based embedded processor as the core control unit to run environmental state judgment logic and power consumption scheduling strategy; the multimodal sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a gas detection sensor. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and vibration sensor are low-power sensors used to maintain continuous operation during system operation to provide basic monitoring data reflecting environmental change trends. The gas detection sensor is a relatively high-power sensor, and its power supply status is dynamically controlled by the main control module through the power management module.

[0024] The main control module is used to periodically collect temperature, humidity and vibration parameters, record trends and judge environmental stability, and control the power supply status of the gas detection sensor based on the judgment results.

[0025] When the current temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the current humidity value Hr≤Hb−5%RH are detected, the main control module controls the power management module to restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time to perform gas concentration monitoring. When the detected temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the humidity Hr is still within the humidity range, the main control module only performs the early warning process and does not restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When the detected humidity value Hr ≤ Hb−5%RH and the temperature Tr is still within the temperature range, the main control module only performs the warning process and does not restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When the vibration frequency parameter Fr is detected to be ≥30Hz, the main control module controls the power management module to restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time to monitor for possible abnormal operating conditions.

[0026] Furthermore, when the system does not detect any change in environmental status within multiple consecutive acquisition cycles, the main control module enters a low-power operation mode, maintaining its responsiveness to abnormal interrupt signals and timed wake-up conditions in this mode. When an abnormal interrupt signal is received from any sensor or a preset wake-up condition is met, the main control module exits the low-power operation mode and resumes the environmental status judgment and power scheduling process.

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the structure and working mechanism of the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system described in this embodiment, the structure and function of the multimodal sensor module, main control module, and power management module will be explained below in conjunction with the specific components of the system. Based on this, the overall working process of the system will be further elaborated.

[0028] Structure and function of multimodal sensor module In this embodiment, the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system includes a multimodal sensor module. The multimodal sensor module is used to collect various physical parameters related to the environmental state, so as to provide basic data support for the main control module to perform environmental state judgment and power consumption scheduling. The multimodal sensor module includes at least a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a gas detection sensor. Each sensor is used to collect environmental temperature, environmental humidity, vibration parameters during equipment operation, and gas concentration information in the environment.

[0029] In one specific implementation, the temperature sensor and humidity sensor are integrated into a single temperature and humidity sensor, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a temperature and humidity sensor chip of model HDC2080DMBR is preferably used. The temperature and humidity sensor is connected via I... 2 The C interface is connected to the main control module for communication to enable periodic uploading of temperature and humidity data. The temperature and humidity sensor is equipped with an interrupt output terminal, preferably the DRDY / INT pin, which is electrically connected to the interrupt input pin of the main control module. When the temperature or humidity parameters change abnormally and meet preset conditions, the temperature and humidity sensor outputs an abnormal interrupt signal to the main control module through the DRDY / INT pin to indicate that the temperature and humidity parameters have changed abruptly, thereby triggering the main control module to enter the abnormal state handling process.

[0030] In a specific implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the vibration sensor preferably uses an ADXL345 accelerometer chip. The vibration sensor communicates with the main control module via an SPI interface to collect vibration signals during equipment operation and extract vibration frequency parameters at the application layer. The vibration sensor is equipped with an interrupt output terminal, preferably the INT1 pin, which is electrically connected to the interrupt input pin of the main control module. When the vibration frequency parameters meet the preset vibration anomaly conditions, the vibration sensor outputs a vibration anomaly interrupt signal to the main control module through the INT1 pin to indicate an abnormal change in the equipment's operating status.

[0031] In a specific implementation, such as Figure 4As shown, the gas detection sensor preferably uses a model MQ-135 gas detection sensor, which is used to collect gas concentration information in the environment; the output terminal of the gas detection sensor is preferably an analog output terminal AOUT, which is electrically connected to the ADC sampling channel of the main control module to realize the sampling and digital processing of the gas concentration signal; the power consumption of the gas detection sensor is higher than that of the temperature and humidity sensor and the vibration sensor, and the power supply terminal of the gas detection sensor is connected to the controlled power output unit of the power management module, so that the power supply status of the gas detection sensor is dynamically turned on or off by the main control module, thereby reducing the overall operating power consumption of the system.

[0032] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity sensor and the vibration sensor, as low-power basic monitoring sensors, maintain continuous operation during system operation to provide the data foundation required for environmental state trend analysis; the gas detection sensor, as a relatively high-power sensor, operates based on the environmental stability judgment result, shutting off the power supply when the environment is stable and restoring the power supply when the environment is unstable or when an abnormal interruption is triggered, so as to achieve a balance between monitoring reliability and low-power operation.

[0033] The multimodal sensor module uses the above-mentioned I 2 The C, SPI, and ADC sampling channels form a data link with the main control module and provide event trigger signals to the main control module through abnormal temperature and humidity interruptions and abnormal vibration interruptions. This enables the main control module to perform environmental status judgment and power consumption scheduling control based on "continuous trend data + abnormal interruption events". By setting up various types of sensors and comprehensively utilizing their collected data, this embodiment characterizes environmental status changes from multiple dimensions such as temperature and humidity changes, vibration status, and gas concentration, reducing the risk of misjudgment or omission caused by relying on a single parameter for environmental judgment.

[0034] Structure and working logic of the main control module In this embodiment, the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system includes a main control module. The main control module, as the core control unit of the system, is used to process the environmental parameter data collected by the multimodal sensor modules and generate sensor power supply control commands and system operation status control commands based on the environmental state judgment results.

[0035] In one specific implementation, the main control module preferably uses an ARM-based embedded processor as its core processing unit, preferably an i.MX6ULL processor, for running environment status judgment programs, sensor power supply scheduling logic, and low-power operation control programs; the main control module is communicatively connected to the multimodal sensor module, respectively through I... 2The C interface receives temperature and humidity data from the temperature and humidity sensor, the SPI interface receives vibration signal processing results from the vibration sensor, and the ADC sampling channel receives analog signals output by the gas detection sensor.

[0036] In this embodiment, the main control module is configured with multiple general-purpose input / output pins for receiving abnormal interrupt signals and controlling the working state of the external power management module. Specifically, the abnormal interrupt output terminal of the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected to the GPIO_2 pin of the main control module. When the temperature or humidity parameters change abnormally and meet preset conditions, the temperature and humidity sensor outputs an abnormal interrupt signal to the main control module through GPIO_2. The abnormal interrupt output terminal of the vibration sensor is electrically connected to the GPIO_4 pin of the main control module. When the vibration frequency parameter exceeds a preset threshold, the vibration sensor outputs a vibration abnormal interrupt signal to the main control module through GPIO_4.

[0037] In addition, the GPIO_3 pin of the main control module is electrically connected to the enable control terminal of the power management module to control the power supply status of the gas detection sensor. When the main control module determines that the environment is in an unstable state or receives an abnormal interrupt signal, it controls the GPIO_3 pin to output an enable signal, so that the power management module restores the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When the main control module determines that the environment is in a stable state, it controls the GPIO_3 pin to turn off the enable signal, so that the power management module cuts off the power supply to the gas detection sensor.

[0038] Regarding the working logic of the main control module, the main control module is configured to periodically receive temperature, humidity and vibration parameters according to a preset acquisition cycle, and to perform trend recording and feature analysis on the continuously acquired data to obtain the changing trends of environmental parameters; in a specific implementation, the main control module determines whether the current environment is in a stable or unstable state based on the changes in temperature, humidity and vibration frequency over multiple consecutive acquisition cycles.

[0039] When the main control module determines that the environment is stable based on the trend analysis results, it outputs a control command to the power management module to shut down the power supply to the gas detection sensor in order to reduce the overall power consumption of the system. When the ambient temperature and humidity parameters are detected to exceed their respective stable ranges at the same time, or when the equipment vibration parameters are detected to exceed the vibration abnormality threshold, the main control module determines that the environment is unstable and controls the power management module to restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time to monitor for possible gas leaks or safety risks. When only the ambient temperature parameter or only the ambient humidity parameter is detected to exceed the corresponding stable range, the main control module will only output a warning message and keep the gas detection sensor in a power-off state.

[0040] In this embodiment, the main control module also has a low-power operation control function; when the main control module does not detect any change in the environmental state within multiple consecutive acquisition cycles, that is, when the environmental parameters remain stable, the main control module enters a low-power operation mode; in a specific implementation, the low-power operation mode is implemented by executing the processor's WFI (WaitForInterrupt) instruction. In this mode, the main control module stops the processor clock to reduce power consumption, while keeping the interrupt controller in a working state to respond to external abnormal interrupt signals.

[0041] When the main control module is in low-power operation mode, if the temperature and humidity sensor outputs an abnormal interrupt signal through GPIO_2, or the vibration sensor outputs a vibration abnormal interrupt signal through GPIO_4, the main control module immediately responds to the interrupt and exits the low-power operation mode, entering the abnormal state handling process. During the abnormal interrupt service process, the main control module prioritizes controlling the GPIO_3 pin to restore power to the gas detection sensor, and performs further environmental state judgment and safety risk analysis based on the restored gas detection data and environmental parameter data.

[0042] In addition, the main control module is also configured to automatically exit the low-power operation mode when the preset timed wake-up condition is met, and re-execute the environmental status acquisition and judgment process to avoid environmental changes not being detected in time due to long-term sleep.

[0043] Through the structural configuration and working logic of the main control module described above, this embodiment realizes unified management of multimodal sensor data, rapid response to abnormal events, and fine control of system operating power consumption, enabling the system to achieve a balance between monitoring reliability and low power consumption in long-term operating scenarios.

[0044] Power management module and power supply control relationship In this embodiment, the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system includes a power management module. The power management module is used to manage the power supply status of the gas detection sensor under the control of the main control module, so as to realize the dynamic scheduling of system power consumption. The power management module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to receive power supply control commands output by the main control module, and accordingly realize the opening or closing of the power supply channel of the gas detection sensor.

[0045] The power management module includes a controlled power output unit, which is connected to the power supply terminal of the gas detection sensor. The controlled power output unit is used to output or cut off the power supply voltage under the action of a control signal, thereby enabling the gas detection sensor to enter the working state or stop working. The control terminal of the controlled power output unit is connected to the general-purpose input / output pin of the main control module, so that the main control module can implement dynamic power supply control for the gas detection sensor according to the environmental condition judgment result.

[0046] In a specific implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the power management module includes a power conversion unit and a controlled power supply unit. The power conversion unit is used to perform voltage conversion and regulation on the external input power supply, preferably using a TPS5430DDAR power conversion chip to provide a stable operating voltage to each functional unit of the system. The controlled power supply unit is used to control the switching of the power supply channel of the gas detection sensor, preferably using a RY3825 controlled power supply chip or a controlled switching device, with the enable terminal of the RY3825 serving as the control terminal of the controlled power supply unit.

[0047] In this embodiment, the GPIO_3 pin of the main control module is electrically connected to the enable terminal of the controlled power supply unit. The GPIO_3 pin is used to output an enable control signal to control the controlled power supply unit to turn the power supply channel of the gas detection sensor on or off. When GPIO_3 outputs a first level state, the controlled power supply unit is enabled to conduct, outputting a power supply voltage to the gas detection sensor, thus putting the gas detection sensor in a powered-on state. When GPIO_3 outputs a second level state, the controlled power supply unit is enabled to turn off, cutting off the power supply to the gas detection sensor, thus putting the gas detection sensor in a powered-off state. Through the above control method, the power supply state of the gas detection sensor can be dynamically adjusted according to the judgment result of the main control module, thereby reducing the unnecessary working time of the high-power sensor.

[0048] Furthermore, to ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply switching process, the power management module may also include a filtering and protection unit. The filtering and protection unit is located between the controlled power supply unit and the gas detection sensor to suppress transient interference during the power supply switching process and protect against abnormal states such as overcurrent and undervoltage, so as to avoid affecting the power supply stability of the main control module and other low-power sensors.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the main control module determines that the environment is stable, it outputs a control command to shut down the power supply to the power management module. The main control module then controls the GPIO_3 enable signal to shut down the controlled power supply unit. Accordingly, the power management module cuts off the power supply to the gas detection sensor, causing the gas detection sensor to stop working and thus reducing the overall power consumption of the system. When the main control module determines that the environment is unstable, or receives abnormal temperature and humidity interruption signals or abnormal vibration interruption signals, the main control module outputs a control command to restore the power supply to the power management module. The main control module then controls the GPIO_3 enable signal to turn on the controlled power supply unit. The power management module restores the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time, allowing the gas detection sensor to resume its working state and monitor the ambient gas concentration.

[0050] Through the structural configuration and power supply control relationship of the power management module described above, this embodiment can shut down the power supply to the high-power gas detection sensor when the environment is stable, and restore the power supply in a timely manner when the environment is unstable or an abnormal event is triggered, thereby achieving synergistic optimization between monitoring reliability and low-power operation, effectively reducing system operating energy consumption and extending system battery life.

[0051] Overall system working process In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, after the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system starts up, the system enters the initialization phase. After the system is powered on, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, vibration sensor, and gas detection sensor in the multimodal sensor module are in the power-on state by default. Each sensor establishes a communication connection with the main control module through its corresponding communication interface. Among them, the temperature and humidity sensor communicates with the main control module through I... 2 The C interface is connected to the main control module for communication. The vibration sensor is connected to the main control module for communication via the SPI interface. The gas detection sensor is connected to the main control module for communication via the ADC sampling channel.

[0052] (I) Baseline Parameter Establishment Stage During the initial operation phase after the system is powered on, the main control module enters the baseline parameter establishment process. In one specific implementation, the main control module collects ambient temperature and humidity multiple times within a preset time after the system starts up, preferably 10 minutes. During this time period, the main control module acquires 6 sets of temperature data T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, and 6 sets of humidity data H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6.

[0053] Based on the collected data, the main control module calculates the baseline value Tb for ambient temperature and the baseline value Hb for ambient humidity, where: Reference temperature Tb = (T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + T5 + T6) / 6; The baseline humidity Hb = (H1 + H2 + H3 + H4 + H5 + H6) / 6.

[0054] The reference temperature Tb and reference humidity Hb are stored in the non-volatile memory of the main control module and used as references for temperature and humidity changes during subsequent environmental condition judgment.

[0055] (II) Periodic Data Collection and Trend Recording Stage After the baseline parameters are established, the system enters the routine monitoring and operation phase. In this phase, the main control module receives and processes the data collected by the multimodal sensors according to a preset acquisition cycle, which is preferably 5 minutes.

[0056] During each acquisition cycle, the temperature and humidity sensor collects the current ambient temperature Tr and the current ambient humidity Hr and uploads them to the main control module; the vibration sensor internally samples the vibration signal at a high frequency, and the main control module extracts the vibration frequency parameter Fr every 5 minutes at the application layer; the gas detection sensor samples the gas concentration in the environment when the power is on and uploads it to the main control module through the ADC channel.

[0057] The main control module records the trends of continuously collected temperature, humidity and vibration parameters, and extracts features from the changes in these parameters to form a continuous data sequence reflecting changes in environmental conditions, providing a data basis for subsequent environmental stability assessment.

[0058] (III) Logic for Environmental Stability Judgment and Anomaly Judgment In this embodiment, the main control module judges the environmental state based on the collected temperature, humidity and vibration parameters and according to preset thresholds.

[0059] In one specific implementation, the temperature stability judgment is set by using the industrial environment fluctuation safety threshold plus a safety margin; let the current collected temperature be Tr, when Tr≥Tb+2.0℃+1.0℃, the main control module determines that the current temperature has risen abnormally.

[0060] The humidity stability judgment is also set using the industrial environment fluctuation safety threshold plus a safety margin; assuming the current collected humidity is Hr, when Hr≤Hb−3.0%RH−2.0%RH, the main control module determines that the current humidity has decreased abnormally.

[0061] Vibration stability is determined by setting a vibration frequency threshold; if the currently collected vibration frequency is Fr, the main control module determines that the equipment vibration parameters are abnormal when Fr≥30Hz.

[0062] When the temperature, humidity, and vibration parameters do not trigger the above-mentioned abnormal conditions during continuous data acquisition, the main control module considers the current environment to be in a stable state; when any of the above-mentioned abnormal conditions is triggered, the main control module determines that the environment is in an unstable state.

[0063] (iv) Power supply scheduling strategy for gas detection sensors In this embodiment, the main control module dynamically schedules the power supply status of the gas detection sensor based on the environmental stability assessment results.

[0064] If the temperature fluctuation range is less than ±3℃, the humidity fluctuation range is less than ±5%RH, and the vibration frequency is always below 30Hz within 30 consecutive minutes, the main control module determines that the environment is in a stable state for a long period of time and shuts off the power supply to the gas detection sensor.

[0065] When the current temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the current humidity value Hr≤Hb−5%RH are detected, the main control module restores the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time. When Tr≥Tb+3℃ and Hr is within the humidity range, the main control module only performs early warning processing and does not restore power to the gas detection sensor; When Hr≤Hb−5%RH is detected and the temperature Tr is within the temperature range, the main control module only performs the early warning process and does not restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When the vibration frequency parameter Fr is detected to be ≥30Hz, the main control module restores power to the gas detection sensor within a preset time.

[0066] (v) Low-power operation mode and wake-up mechanism In this embodiment, when the main control module does not detect any change in the environmental state for 60 consecutive minutes, that is, 12 consecutive acquisition cycles, the main control module puts the system into a low-power operation mode.

[0067] In low-power operation mode, the main control module stops the processor clock to reduce power consumption. The temperature and humidity sensor and vibration sensor continue to perform local data acquisition operations, but do not upload the acquired data to the main control module. The main control module enters the interrupt waiting state by executing the WFI instruction, while keeping the interrupt controller in the working state.

[0068] When the system is in low-power operation mode, if abnormal changes in temperature or humidity parameters are detected, the main control module will be woken up to judge the abnormal conditions.

[0069] When Tr≥Tb+3℃ and Hr≤Hb−5%RH is detected, the main control module restores power to the gas detection sensor within 5 seconds; When Tr≥Tb+3℃ and Hr is within the humidity range, only an early warning is issued and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is not restored. When Hr≤Hb−5%RH is detected and the temperature Tr is within the temperature range, only an early warning process is executed, and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is not restored. When the vibration frequency parameter Fr is detected to be ≥30Hz, the main control module restores power to the gas detection sensor within 5 seconds.

[0070] In addition, when the preset wake-up conditions are met, the main control module also exits the low-power operation mode and resumes the process of environmental parameter acquisition, trend analysis, and environmental status judgment.

[0071] (vi) Overall operational effectiveness Through the overall working process of the system described above, this embodiment establishes environmental parameter baseline values ​​in the early stage of system operation, performs trend analysis and environmental stability judgment based on multimodal sensor data in the normal operation stage, shuts off the power supply of high-power gas detection sensors in the stable environmental stage, and restores the detection function in a timely manner when environmental anomalies or events are triggered. At the same time, by combining the low-power operation mode and the interrupt wake-up mechanism, the synergistic optimization between the timeliness of environmental anomaly monitoring and the low-power operation of the system is achieved.

[0072] In summary, regarding the system structure and operation process, this embodiment, based on the coordinated cooperation of the multimodal sensor module, main control module, and power management module, achieves comprehensive monitoring and management of ambient temperature, humidity, vibration parameters, and gas concentration. During operation, the system continuously analyzes the trend data from low-power sensors such as temperature, humidity, and vibration to determine the stability of the environmental state, and dynamically schedules the power supply status of the gas detection sensors based on the determination results.

[0073] Compared with existing multi-sensor monitoring systems, this embodiment does not provide a continuous and fixed power supply to all sensors. Instead, it shuts off the power supply to the gas detection sensors when the environment is stable and promptly restores the gas detection function when abnormal changes occur in the environment. This significantly reduces the overall power consumption of the system while ensuring timely monitoring of environmental anomalies. At the same time, by entering a low-power operation mode when no changes in the environmental state are detected in multiple consecutive acquisition cycles and resuming normal operation when abnormal interruptions or timed wake-up conditions are triggered, the system can adapt to the energy consumption control requirements of long-term operation scenarios.

[0074] Furthermore, this embodiment avoids the risk of misjudgment caused by relying on a single sensor for environmental judgment by utilizing multimodal environmental parameters in a coordinated manner, thereby improving the reliability of the system in identifying changes in environmental state. It is suitable for multi-sensor environmental monitoring application scenarios that are power-constrained and require long-term stable operation.

[0075] Example 2 This embodiment provides a low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management method. The method is applied to the low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system described in Embodiment 1, and is used to realize intelligent judgment of environmental status and adaptive scheduling of system operating power consumption in environmental monitoring scenarios where multiple sensors operate for a long time.

[0076] The method is based on ambient temperature, ambient humidity, equipment vibration parameters and gas concentration data collected by multimodal sensors. By performing trend analysis and stability judgment on continuously collected data, the operating time of high-power sensors is reduced when the environment is stable, and the monitoring capability is restored in a timely manner when the environment changes abnormally or an event is triggered. Combined with low-power operation and interrupt wake-up mechanism, a balance is achieved between monitoring reliability and low-power operation of the system.

[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, the intelligent adaptive management method for low-power multimodal sensor networks includes the following steps: Step 1: System Initialization and Baseline Parameter Establishment In step one, after the system is powered on, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, vibration sensor, and gas detection sensor in the multimodal sensor module are powered on, and a communication connection is established between each sensor and the main control module.

[0078] During the initial operation phase after system startup, ambient temperature and humidity are collected multiple times according to a preset time window of 10 minutes; within this time window, 6 sets of temperature data T1 to T6 and 6 sets of humidity data H1 to H6 are acquired respectively.

[0079] Based on the collected data, the baseline value Tb for ambient temperature and the baseline value Hb for ambient humidity are calculated, where: Tb = (T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + T5 + T6) / 6; Hb = (H1 + H2 + H3 + H4 + H5 + H6) / 6; The reference temperature Tb and reference humidity Hb are stored and used as reference benchmarks for subsequent environmental condition assessment.

[0080] Step 2: Periodic Acquisition and Trend Recording of Multimodal Data In step two, after the baseline parameters are established, the system enters the routine monitoring and operation phase.

[0081] The data collected by the multimodal sensor is received and processed according to a preset acquisition cycle of 5 minutes. In each acquisition cycle, the current ambient temperature Tr and the current ambient humidity Hr are collected, and the current vibration frequency parameter Fr is extracted at the application layer. When the gas detection sensor is powered on, the gas concentration data in the environment is collected synchronously.

[0082] The continuously collected temperature, humidity, and vibration parameters are recorded to form a continuous data sequence reflecting the changes in environmental parameters, providing a data basis for subsequent environmental stability assessment.

[0083] Step 3: Environmental stability assessment In step three, the stability of the environmental state is assessed based on the continuously collected data obtained in step two.

[0084] Specifically, the currently collected temperature Tr is compared with the reference temperature Tb. When Tr ≥ Tb + 2.0℃ + 1.0℃, the temperature is determined to be abnormal. The currently collected humidity Hr is compared with the reference humidity Hb. When Hr ≤ Hb − 3.0%RH − 2.0%RH, the humidity is determined to be abnormal. The currently collected vibration frequency Fr is compared with the preset vibration threshold. When Fr ≥ 30Hz, the vibration is determined to be abnormal.

[0085] If the temperature, humidity, and vibration parameters do not trigger the above-mentioned abnormal conditions during continuous data acquisition, the environment is determined to be in a stable state; if any of the above-mentioned abnormal conditions is triggered, the environment is determined to be in an unstable state.

[0086] Step 4: Power supply scheduling for gas detection sensors based on environmental conditions In step four, the power supply status of the gas detection sensor is scheduled and controlled based on the environmental stability judgment results from step three.

[0087] If the temperature fluctuation range is less than ±3℃, the humidity fluctuation range is less than ±5%RH, and the vibration frequency is always below 30Hz within 30 consecutive minutes (i.e., 6 consecutive sampling cycles), the environment is determined to be in a stable state for a long period of time, and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is turned off to reduce the working time of the high-power sensor.

[0088] When the current temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the current humidity value Hr≤Hb−5%RH are detected, the power supply to the gas detection sensor is restored within a preset time, and gas concentration monitoring is performed. When Tr≥Tb+3℃ and Hr is within the humidity range, only the warning process is executed, and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is not restored. When Hr≤Hb−5%RH and the temperature Tr is within the temperature range, only the warning process is executed, and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is not restored. When the vibration frequency parameter Fr is detected to be ≥30Hz, the power supply to the gas detection sensor is restored within a preset time, and gas concentration monitoring is performed.

[0089] Step 5: Low-power operation control and interrupt wake-up In step five, when no change in environmental condition is detected within 60 consecutive minutes, i.e., 12 consecutive acquisition cycles, the system enters a low-power operation mode.

[0090] In low-power operation mode, the main control module stops the processor clock to reduce power consumption. The temperature and humidity sensor and vibration sensor continue to perform local data acquisition operations but do not upload the acquired data. The main control module enters the interrupt waiting state and maintains the ability to respond to abnormal interrupt signals.

[0091] When the system is in low-power operation mode, if an abnormal interruption occurs, it will exit low-power operation mode and execute exception handling: When the current temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the current humidity value Hr≤Hb−5%RH are detected, the main control module restores power to the gas detection sensor within 5 seconds. When Tr≥Tb+3℃ and Hr is within the humidity range, the main control module only performs early warning processing and does not restore power to the gas detection sensor; When Hr≤Hb−5%RH and the temperature Tr is within the temperature range, the main control module only performs the early warning process and does not restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When a vibration frequency Fr ≥ 30Hz is detected, the main control module restores power to the gas detection sensor within 5 seconds.

[0092] In addition, when the preset timed wake-up conditions are met, the system exits the low-power operation mode, resumes the environmental parameter acquisition and environmental status judgment process, and decides whether to restore power to the gas detection sensor according to the above judgment rules.

[0093] In summary, through the above implementation process, this embodiment establishes environmental parameter baseline values ​​in the early stage of system operation, performs trend analysis and environmental stability judgment based on multimodal sensor data during the normal operation phase, shuts off the power supply of high-power gas detection sensors during the stable environmental phase, and promptly restores the detection function when environmental anomalies or events are triggered. At the same time, by combining low-power operation and interrupt wake-up mechanism, the timely monitoring of environmental anomalies and the energy consumption control of system operation are synergistically optimized.

[0094] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management system, characterized in that, include: A multimodal sensor module is used to collect data on ambient temperature, ambient humidity, equipment vibration parameters, and gas concentration in the environment. The multimodal sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, and a gas detection sensor. The main control module is used to record trends and judge environmental conditions of continuously collected temperature, humidity and vibration data, and generate power supply control commands for gas detection sensors based on changes in environmental conditions. The power management module is used to turn the power supply to the gas detection sensor on or off according to the power supply control command. The power consumption scheduling performed by the main control module includes: When the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and vibration parameters are all within their respective stable ranges for a continuous preset time, the power management module is controlled to shut off the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When the ambient temperature and humidity parameters are detected to exceed their respective stable ranges simultaneously, or when the vibration parameter is detected to exceed the vibration abnormality threshold, the power management module is controlled to restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor within a preset time. When only the ambient temperature parameter or only the ambient humidity parameter is detected to exceed the corresponding stable range, an early warning message is output and the gas detection sensor is kept in a power-off state. If, during multiple consecutive longer acquisition cycles, and the duration exceeds the preset stabilization time for shutting down the gas detection sensor, no temperature, humidity, or vibration parameters exceeding the stabilization range are detected, the main control module enters a low-power operation mode. Upon receiving an abnormal indication signal or a timed wake-up signal, the module exits the low-power operation mode.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable ranges of the ambient temperature parameter and the ambient humidity parameter are obtained by collecting and calculating the ambient temperature and humidity data multiple times during the system startup phase, respectively. When the currently collected temperature value Tr is detected to satisfy Tr≥Tb+3℃, it is determined that the ambient temperature parameter exceeds its stable range; When the currently collected humidity value Hr is detected to satisfy Hr≤Hb−5%RH, it is determined that the environmental humidity parameter is out of its stable range; Wherein, Tb is the ambient temperature reference value determined during the system startup phase, and Hb is the ambient humidity reference value determined during the system startup phase.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration sensor is used to collect vibration signals during equipment operation in a high-frequency manner. The main control module processes the vibration signals within a preset acquisition period to extract the vibration frequency parameter Fr. When the vibration frequency parameter satisfies Fr≥30Hz, it is determined that the vibration parameter exceeds the vibration abnormality threshold, and a corresponding abnormality indication signal is output to the main control module to indicate that the equipment operating status has undergone abnormal vibration changes.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a controlled power output unit, which is connected to the power supply terminal of the gas detection sensor. The controlled power output unit, under the power supply control command output by the main control module, turns the power supply voltage to the gas detection sensor on or off in a controlled manner.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the main control module does not detect that the temperature, humidity and vibration parameters exceed the corresponding stable range for 60 consecutive minutes, the system switches from normal operation to low power operation mode. In the low-power operation mode, the main control module stops the processor clock and maintains interrupt response capability to respond to abnormal indication signals output by temperature sensors, humidity sensors or vibration sensors, or to respond to preset timed wake-up signals.

6. A low-power multimodal sensor network intelligent adaptive management method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Periodically collect ambient temperature, ambient humidity and equipment vibration parameter data, and collect gas concentration data in the environment when the gas detection sensor is powered on; S2. Record the trends and extract features of temperature, humidity and vibration data collected over a period of time to obtain the temperature fluctuation range, humidity fluctuation range and vibration parameter changes. S3. Determine whether the environment is in a stable state based on the trend records and feature extraction results; S4. When the ambient temperature and humidity parameters are both determined to be outside their respective stable ranges, or when the equipment vibration parameters are determined to be outside the vibration abnormality threshold, restore the power supply to the gas detection sensor. When only the ambient temperature parameter or only the ambient humidity parameter exceeds the corresponding stable range, an early warning message is output and the gas detection sensor is kept in a power-off state. S5. When no change in environmental state is detected within multiple consecutive longer acquisition cycles, the system enters a low-power operation mode and exits the low-power operation mode when an abnormal trigger or timing condition is met.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the trend recording and feature extraction includes multiple continuous samplings of temperature, humidity and vibration parameters within a preset collection period, and statistical processing of the multiple sampling data to obtain the temperature fluctuation range, humidity fluctuation range and vibration frequency change characteristics.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the environment is in a stable state when the fluctuation range of ambient temperature is less than ±3℃, the fluctuation range of ambient humidity is less than ±5%RH, and the vibration frequency is always below 30Hz within 30 minutes.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, before performing the operation to restore power to the gas detection sensor, if the temperature value Tr≥Tb+3℃ and the humidity value Hr≤Hb−5%RH are detected simultaneously, or the vibration frequency parameter Fr≥30Hz is detected, it is determined that the power supply to the gas detection sensor needs to be restored. When only Tr≥Tb+3℃ or only Hr≤Hb−5%RH is detected, it is determined to be a warning state, and the power supply to the gas detection sensor is not restored.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the low-power operation mode is a low-power state in which the main control module stops the processor clock and enters a waiting interrupt state. In the low-power operation mode, the system maintains its ability to respond to abnormal indication signals and timed wake-up signals output by the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and vibration sensor. Upon receiving the abnormal indication signal or reaching the preset timed wake-up condition, the system exits the low-power operation mode and resumes the environmental status judgment process.

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