Multi-system integrated bird damage prevention device for power distribution network

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-system integrated bird damage prevention device for a power distribution network. The device comprises a main control board, a power supply system, a detection system, a bird repelling system and a time acquisition system, according to the detection system, a Doppler microwave radar is adopted to detect bird activities, alarm is triggered through level signal changes, and a time sequence of bird activity events is recorded; according to the bird repelling system, a variable-frequency ultrasonic bird repelling module and a self-adaptive flashing device are adopted for conducting acousto-optic dual deterrence, and the repelling frequency is dynamically adjusted along with the residence time of birds; the time acquisition system carries out positioning time service based on a GPS receiving module, outputs a 1PPS synchronization signal and an NMEA data frame, and binds an event timestamp. Compared with the prior art, the whole-process treatment from target detection to ultrasonic wave-strobe lamp cooperative repelling is realized, the bird repelling efficiency is remarkably improved, and the reliability of the device is greatly improved through a modular architecture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bird damage prevention technology, and in particular to a multi-system integrated power distribution network bird damage prevention device. Background Technology

[0002] As the backbone of the power system, the safe and stable operation of transmission lines is directly related to the normal order of national economic and social life. In recent years, with the improvement of the ecological environment and the enhancement of bird protection awareness, bird activity has become increasingly frequent, leading to a year-on-year increase in bird-related incidents such as transmission line tripping and equipment damage, which has become one of the important factors threatening power grid safety. Distribution networks are characterized by high load density, complex network structure, and stringent requirements for power supply reliability. Any power outage caused by bird damage can lead to widespread social impact and significant economic losses. Transmission line towers, insulators, crossarms, and other parts are frequently disturbed by birds nesting, roosting, and defecating, making bird damage one of the prominent hidden dangers affecting the safe operation of the power grid.

[0003] Currently, various technical means have been developed both domestically and internationally for bird control of power transmission lines, mainly including physical protection and chemical repellents. Physical protection methods, such as bird spikes, bird barriers, and insulating sleeves, use mechanical structures to prevent birds from landing. While these methods have some effect, they are easily deformed or damaged by severe weather and may affect normal line maintenance. Acoustic bird deterrent devices mostly use fixed-frequency ultrasonic or infrasound emissions, which are effective initially, but birds gradually adapt, causing the deterrent effect to significantly decrease over time. Optical bird deterrent technologies, such as ordinary strobe lights and reflectors, only work under day-night cycles or specific lighting conditions, and have limitations in terms of limited duration and insufficient deterrent power. Chemical bird repellents, on the other hand, face problems such as poor environmental compatibility, short shelf life, and the need for frequent reapplication. In addition, most existing bird deterrence devices are single-function, lack intelligent discrimination and collaborative control capabilities, cannot adapt to the specific behavioral characteristics of birds (such as dwell time and activity frequency), and have failed to achieve remote monitoring and data management of the bird deterrence process. They are therefore unable to meet the high standards of modern smart grids for real-time perception and precise control of line status.

[0004] Existing bird deterrence devices generally suffer from insufficient adaptability when dealing with different species and behaviors of birds. For example, while fixed-pattern sound and light deterrence can drive birds away in the short term, birds quickly develop tolerance, leading to a sharp decline in the device's effectiveness. Furthermore, traditional devices lack the ability to record and analyze bird activity patterns, making it difficult for maintenance personnel to accurately determine the timing, frequency, and location of bird attacks, thus hindering the development of targeted prevention and control strategies. Especially in densely populated large cities, bird deterrence devices must also consider environmental friendliness and public acceptance; crude bird deterrence methods that generate noise or light pollution are no longer suitable.

[0005] Therefore, developing a new type of bird-proof device that can adapt to complex operating environments, possesses intelligent sensing and adaptive control capabilities, and is easy to remotely monitor and analyze data has become an urgent need to ensure the safety of urban power distribution networks and improve the level of intelligent operation and maintenance of power lines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing bird-prevention technologies. Combining the characteristics of power distribution network operation with the features of bird damage, a multi-system integrated bird-prevention device for power distribution networks is proposed.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A multi-system integrated power distribution network bird prevention device includes: a main control board, a power supply system, a detection system, a bird deterrent system, and a time acquisition system; The detection system uses Doppler microwave radar to detect bird activity, triggers an alarm by changes in the signal level, and records the time series of bird activity events. The bird deterrence system uses a variable frequency ultrasonic bird deterrence module and an adaptive strobe device to provide a dual deterrent effect of sound and light, and dynamically adjusts the deflection frequency according to the bird's stay time. The time acquisition system uses a GPS receiver module for positioning and timing, outputs a 1PPS synchronization signal and an NMEA data frame, and binds an event timestamp.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the power supply system includes a power board, a lithium battery, a controller, a voltage regulator, and a solar panel, serving as the power source for the entire device and providing energy to other systems. The solar panel generates electricity using sunlight, which, after being managed by the controller, charges the lithium battery and stores electrical energy. The voltage output by the controller is fed into the voltage regulator for voltage regulation, and the DC output of the voltage regulator is then connected to the power board to provide DC power to the main control board and other functional units. The power consumption of the main control board and each system is uniformly distributed by the power board.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the variable frequency ultrasonic bird deterrent module uses a wideband piezoelectric ceramic transducer as the transmitting unit, and outputs continuously adjustable variable frequency ultrasound in the range of 20kHz–60kHz. The main control board sends control commands to the ultrasonic bird deterrent module via serial port. The ultrasonic bird deterrent module dynamically adjusts the frequency of the PWM waveform according to the commands, and performs real-time adjustment of the ultrasonic emission frequency.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the variable frequency ultrasonic bird deterrent module defines a unified serial port command format, including: "FXXX": where XXX is a three-digit integer in Hz; "FX.XX": where X.XX is a frequency value in three-digit decimal form in kHz; "FXX.X": where XX.X is a frequency value in one-digit decimal form in kHz.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, one end of the strobe device is connected to a light, and the other end is connected to a relay, which is then connected to the main control board. When there is no abnormality, the relay pin is pulled to a low level, and the strobe device controls the light to stay on normally. When birds approach, the relay pin is pulled to a high level, and the strobe device controls the light to start flashing to scare away birds.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the strobe device defines a time interval list to control the time interval of the flashing light frequency change. Each element in the time interval list represents a flashing interval of a frequency level, which is gradually shortened from the initial time interval to a faster flashing. Starting from the first value in the time interval list, as the bird stays for a longer time, the strobe device gradually increases the flashing frequency.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the detection system includes a microwave radar detector based on the Doppler principle, which actively transmits microwave signals at a set frequency and receives echoes reflected from the bird's body, captures the Doppler frequency shift, and converts it into a corresponding analog voltage signal output.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, when the microwave radar detector continuously outputs a high level, the detection system sets the flag bits of both the ultrasonic wave and the strobe device to 1. Through the transmission of relay control signals, the control levels of the ultrasonic wave module and the strobe device module are pulled high, thereby activating the ultrasonic wave and the strobe device to drive away birds. When the radar pin detects a low level, the detection system sets the flags of the ultrasonic wave and strobe device to 0 and pulls the control signal low via a relay, thereby shutting down the ultrasonic wave and strobe device and returning to standby mode.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the time acquisition system is installed in an independent cavity on the top of the device housing, and simultaneously locks onto at least four satellites for time calibration; it continuously receives and decodes navigation message data broadcast by GPS satellites, extracts key information such as satellite orbit parameters and system time, and generates a 1PPS hardware signal, whose rising edge is strictly aligned to the whole second, providing a high-precision time synchronization reference for the system; the data frame output through the serial port contains UTC time, latitude and longitude coordinates, positioning status identifier, number of satellites used, and positioning and quality parameters such as horizontal accuracy factor.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the main control board captures the 1PPS signal in real time through the GPIO port to calibrate the internal clock and ensure the accuracy of the timestamp. At the same time, it parses the NMEA data stream to extract the time, location and positioning quality information. The main control board fuses the 1PPS signal with the parsed UTC time and positioning data to form an accurate time-location tag.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) This invention breaks down all functional objectives into multiple systems: a power supply system, a detection system, a bird deterrence system, and a time acquisition system. Each subsystem is built according to its own task requirements. Different detection and bird deterrence subsystems based on various principles are constructed and integrated to work collaboratively, creating a complete intelligent bird control system. This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional devices with their single function, realizing a complete process from target detection to ultrasonic-strobe light coordinated deterrence. This not only significantly improves bird deterrence efficiency but also greatly enhances the reliability of the device through its modular architecture.

[0018] 2) This invention overcomes the shortcomings of previous bird control devices that relied on a single bird-repelling method. The bird-repelling system integrates an ultrasonic speaker and a flashing light. When birds are detected approaching, ultrasonic waves and flashing lights are activated simultaneously to deter birds through both auditory and visual senses, thus avoiding tolerance to a single repelling method.

[0019] 3) This invention innovatively adopts a dynamic and variable bird deterrence strategy, wherein the flashing light can increase the flashing frequency as the bird stay time increases based on the continuous detection of the radar, forming a gradual visual deterrence; at the same time, the ultrasonic wave can be emitted in an adjustable range of 20kHz-60kHz, which can effectively prevent birds from developing acoustic adaptation.

[0020] 4) The power supply module in this invention connects the lithium battery to the controller and then supplies power to the device through a voltage regulator, which can provide a DC power supply with stable voltage quality, high power supply reliability, and is not affected by power grid fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the core components of the multi-system integrated power distribution network bird prevention device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the bird-prevention device box for the multi-system integrated power distribution network of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the bird-prevention device box for the multi-system integrated power distribution network of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4This is a side view of the bird-prevention device box for the multi-system integrated power distribution network of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram summarizing the functional logic of the system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0027] Example 1 This invention proposes a multi-system integrated power distribution network bird prevention device based on a small Linux computer main control board, which mainly includes a power supply system, a detection system, a bird deterrent system, and a time acquisition system.

[0028] The power supply system integrates a power board, lithium battery, controller, voltage regulator, and solar panel, serving as the power source for the entire device and providing energy to other systems. The solar panel generates electricity using sunlight, which, after being managed by the controller, charges and stores the lithium battery. The controller outputs a wide voltage range, therefore its output needs to be regulated by a 12V voltage regulator. The regulator's DC output is then connected to the power board, providing a stable 12V DC power supply to the main control board and other functional units. Power consumption for the main control board and all systems is centrally distributed by this power board.

[0029] To ensure long-term stable operation of the system in harsh outdoor power environments, an industrial-grade wide-input (AC / DC 12-36V) power module is adopted. This module integrates a high-efficiency power management chip and features reverse connection protection, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and surge protection. In addition to providing a clean and stable power supply to each subsystem, this module also works with the main control board to monitor system power consumption in real time.

[0030] The detection system is designed to detect and determine whether birds are approaching the device. Its core component is a microwave radar detector based on the Doppler principle, which can detect whether there are fluctuations in the surrounding space.

[0031] To overcome the limitations of traditional infrared or video detection, this system employs a Doppler-based microwave radar as its front-end sensing method, specifically the MH-100X microwave radar. This radar operates in the 10.525 GHz K-band and can effectively identify the subtle movements of small and medium-sized birds, such as their approach, circling, and perching.

[0032] The data acquisition principle is that the module actively transmits microwave signals of a specific frequency and receives the echoes reflected by the bird's body. Based on the Doppler effect, the movement of birds causes a shift in the frequency of the reflected waves. The sensor captures this frequency change (i.e., the Doppler shift) and converts it into a corresponding analog voltage signal output.

[0033] Its innovation lies in the fact that the output signal not only contains binary levels indicating the presence or absence of a target, but also uses changes in signal strength and duration to make a preliminary judgment on the intensity of bird activity. The main control board acquires this signal in real time through GPIO ports. A digital signal of 0 represents a bird-free state, and 1 represents a bird detected. Each time the signal level changes from high to low, it is recorded as one instance of shooing away the bird, and this number is saved.

[0034] The detection system's execution flow is as follows: The signal output by the radar sensor can not only distinguish the presence or absence of a target, but also initially reflect the intensity of bird activity through changes in signal level strength and duration. The system reads this signal in real time through the GPIO pins of the main control board, where 0 indicates no bird is detected and 1 indicates a bird is detected. When a valid "high-to-low" change in the signal is detected, the system identifies this event as a complete "bird approach-away" event and records the number of times the bird is driven away, further providing reliable data support for bird behavior analysis and performance evaluation of control devices. Specifically, when the radar sensor continuously outputs a high level, indicating that a bird is detected approaching, the system sets the flag bits of both the ultrasonic wave and the strobe light to 1. At this time, the system pulls the control levels of the ultrasonic wave module and the strobe light module high through the relay control signal, thereby activating the ultrasonic wave and the strobe light to drive away the bird. When the radar pin detects a low level, it means that the bird has left the monitoring area. The system sets the flag bits of the ultrasonic wave and the strobe light to 0 and pulls the control signal low through the relay, thereby turning off the ultrasonic wave and strobe light devices and returning to standby mode. This process ensures that the equipment only activates when birds are active, thereby reducing energy consumption and achieving automated control. This approach ensures that the entire system can respond accurately when birds are detected approaching, promptly activating or deactivating the appropriate bird-repelling equipment, while simultaneously recording relevant data on bird activity. This provides crucial information for subsequent analysis and enhances the intelligence and efficiency of the bird-repelling device.

[0035] Bird deterrence systems primarily employ two methods simultaneously: emitting ultrasonic waves through ultrasonic speakers and flashing lights, achieving deterrence through both auditory and visual senses.

[0036] The ultrasonic bird deterrent module uses a wideband piezoelectric ceramic transducer as the transmitting unit, enabling continuously adjustable frequency-modulated ultrasonic output within the range of 20kHz–60kHz. The main control board sends control commands to the ultrasonic module via serial port. The module dynamically adjusts the frequency of the PWM waveform according to the commands, thus achieving real-time adjustment of the ultrasonic transmission frequency. To achieve precise, fast, and programmable frequency control, the system defines a unified serial port command format, including: “FXXX”: where XXX is a three-digit integer in Hz; “FX.XX”: where X.XX is a three-decimal-digit frequency value in kHz; and “FXX.X”: where XX.X is a one-decimal-digit frequency value in kHz. The main control board automatically generates frequency commands within the above format based on the strength of bird activity, their approach trend, or deterrent strategy, and sends them to the ultrasonic module via serial port. Upon receiving the commands, the module immediately parses and updates the PWM output parameters, thereby achieving flexible control of the ultrasonic frequency.

[0037] One end of the strobe light is connected to a lamp, and the other end is connected to a relay, which in turn connects to the main control board. When there are no abnormalities, the relay pin is pulled low, and the strobe light remains on normally. When birds approach, the relay pin is pulled high, and the strobe light begins flashing to scare them away. The time interval for the flashing frequency is defined in seconds using the `gap_list`. Each element represents a flashing interval at a frequency level, gradually shortening from an initial longer interval (3.0 seconds) to a faster flash (0.1 seconds). This means that when birds remain in the monitored area, the system gradually increases the flashing frequency by reducing the flashing interval, enhancing the bird-repelling effect. Specifically, based on bird detection, starting from the first value in `gap_list`, the system gradually increases the flashing frequency (i.e., shortens the time interval between each flash) as the birds' stay time increases. By continuously increasing the flashing frequency, the system can effectively prevent birds from adapting to a single flashing frequency, thereby enhancing the bird-repelling effect.

[0038] The ultrasonic loudspeaker and strobe light work together to form a bird-repelling system, which exerts a dual sensory pressure of sound and light on approaching birds, thus enhancing the bird-repelling effect.

[0039] The time acquisition system is built upon GPS global synchronization and simultaneously locks onto at least four satellites for time calibration, achieving microsecond-level precision. This subsystem is installed in an independent cavity on the top of the device's casing and features an IP67 waterproof structure, ensuring continuous and stable reception of satellite signals under complex weather conditions. It serves as the "spatiotemporal coordinate origin" of the entire bird protection device, providing the system with a precise spatiotemporal reference.

[0040] The system continuously receives and decodes navigation message data broadcast by GPS satellites, extracting key information such as satellite orbit parameters and system time, and generating two types of core data: one is a 1PPS (pulse per second) hardware signal with accuracy down to the microsecond or even nanosecond level, whose rising edge is strictly aligned to the whole second, providing the system with a high-precision time synchronization reference; the other is an NMEA-0183 format data frame output through the serial port, which contains detailed positioning and quality parameters such as UTC time, latitude and longitude coordinates, positioning status identifier, number of satellites used, and horizontal accuracy factor.

[0041] The main control board captures the 1PPS signal in real time via GPIO ports to calibrate the internal clock and ensure timestamp accuracy. Simultaneously, it parses the NMEA data stream to extract time, location, and positioning quality information. The system deeply fuses the 1PPS signal with the parsed UTC time and positioning data to form a precise "time-location" tag. This process effectively overcomes the millisecond-level latency issue of NMEA statement serial port reading, enabling the system to maintain a stable, high-precision spatiotemporal reference in complex outdoor environments.

[0042] The processed spatiotemporal data is uploaded to the remote monitoring center in real time via the main control board and precisely linked with bird activity events detected by radar, forming a structured data record integrating "time-location-event". This not only ensures that every bird approach and departure event can be accurately recorded at the precise time and geographical location, but also provides a solid data foundation for subsequent analysis of bird activity patterns, evaluation of device effectiveness, and realization of intelligent operation and maintenance of the power grid.

[0043] Example 2 If the functions described in Embodiment 1 above are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks, characterized in that, include: Main control board, power supply system, detection system, bird deterrence system, and time acquisition system; The detection system uses Doppler microwave radar to detect bird activity, triggers an alarm by changes in the signal level, and records the time series of bird activity events. The bird deterrence system uses a variable frequency ultrasonic bird deterrence module and an adaptive strobe device to provide a dual deterrent effect of sound and light, and dynamically adjusts the deflection frequency according to the bird's stay time. The time acquisition system uses a GPS receiver module for positioning and timing, outputs a 1PPS synchronization signal and an NMEA data frame, and binds an event timestamp.

2. The multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply system includes a power board, lithium battery, controller, voltage regulator, and solar panel, serving as the power source for the entire device and providing energy to other systems. The solar panel generates electricity using sunlight, which, after being managed by the controller, charges the lithium battery and stores electrical energy. The voltage output from the controller is fed into the voltage regulator for voltage stabilization, and the DC output of the voltage regulator is then connected to the power board to provide DC power to the main control board and other functional units. The power consumption of the main control board and each system is uniformly distributed by the power board.

3. The multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable frequency ultrasonic bird deterrent module uses a wideband piezoelectric ceramic transducer as the transmitting unit, and outputs continuously adjustable variable frequency ultrasound in the range of 20kHz–60kHz. The main control board sends control commands to the ultrasonic bird deterrent module via serial port. The ultrasonic bird deterrent module dynamically adjusts the frequency of the PWM waveform according to the commands, and performs real-time adjustment of the ultrasonic emission frequency.

4. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The variable frequency ultrasonic bird deterrent module defines a unified serial port command format, including: "FXXX": where XXX is a three-digit integer in Hz; "FX.XX": where X.XX is a three-digit decimal frequency value in kHz; "FXX.X": where XX.X is a one-digit decimal frequency value in kHz.

5. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the strobe light is connected to a light, and the other end is connected to a relay, which in turn is connected to the main control board. When there is no abnormality, the relay pin is pulled to a low level, and the strobe light controls the light to stay on normally. When birds approach, the relay pin is pulled to a high level, and the strobe light controls the light to start flashing to scare away the birds.

6. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The strobe device defines a time interval list to control the time interval of the flashing light frequency change. Each element in the time interval list represents a flashing interval of a frequency level, which is gradually shortened from the initial time interval to a faster flashing. Starting from the first value in the time interval list, the strobe device gradually increases the flashing frequency as the bird stays for a longer period of time.

7. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection system includes a microwave radar detector based on the Doppler principle, which actively transmits microwave signals at a set frequency and receives echoes reflected from the bird's body, captures the Doppler frequency shift, and converts it into a corresponding analog voltage signal output.

8. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the microwave radar detector continuously outputs a high level, the detection system sets the flag bits of both the ultrasonic wave and the strobe device to 1. Through the transmission of relay control signals, the control levels of the ultrasonic wave module and the strobe device module are pulled high, thereby activating the ultrasonic wave and the strobe device to drive away birds. When the radar pin detects a low level, the detection system sets the flags of the ultrasonic wave and strobe device to 0 and pulls the control signal low via a relay, thereby shutting down the ultrasonic wave and strobe device and returning to standby mode.

9. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time acquisition system is installed in an independent cavity on the top of the device housing, and simultaneously locks onto at least four satellites for time calibration; it continuously receives and decodes navigation message data broadcast by GPS satellites, extracts key information such as satellite orbit parameters and system time, and generates a 1PPS hardware signal with its rising edge strictly aligned to the whole second, providing a high-precision time synchronization reference for the system; the data frame output through the serial port contains UTC time, latitude and longitude coordinates, positioning status identifier, number of satellites used, and positioning and quality parameters such as horizontal accuracy factor.

10. A multi-system integrated bird-damage prevention device for power distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control board captures the 1PPS signal in real time through the GPIO port to calibrate the internal clock and ensure the accuracy of the timestamp. At the same time, it parses the NMEA data stream to extract the time, location and positioning quality information. The main control board merges the 1PPS signal with the parsed UTC time and positioning data to form an accurate time-location tag.

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