Anti-icing nano coating for wind driven generator blade and preparation method of anti-icing nano coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of melting or anti-freezing materials used on surfaces, and particularly discloses an anti-icing nano coating for a wind driven generator blade and a preparation method of the anti-icing nano coating. An anti-icing nano coating for a wind driven generator blade comprises a primer coating, an intermediate paint coating and a finish paint coating with the thickness ratio of (4-6): (8-10): 1, the intermediate paint coating comprises a phase change heat storage capsule, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS and hydrogen-terminated PDMS, the primer coating comprises fluorocarbon resin and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, and the finish paint coating comprises fluorocarbon resin and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane. The finish paint coating comprises fluorine modified SiO2 particles; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the primer paint, the intermediate paint paint and the finish paint paint, and sequentially spraying and drying to obtain the anti-icing nano coating. The coating belongs to an anti-freezing material applied to the surface of the wind driven generator blade, the long-term ice covering resistance of the wind driven generator blade is obviously improved, the service life of the wind driven generator blade is greatly prolonged, and the safety of the wind driven generator blade is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of melting or antifreezing materials used on surfaces, and in particular to an anti-icing nanocoating for wind turbine blades and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Wind turbine blades are the power source of wind turbine generators and one of their key components. The condition of the blades directly affects the overall performance and power generation efficiency of the turbine. With the drop in temperature during autumn and winter, and in areas with high altitudes, high humidity, and low temperatures, the problem of icing on wind turbine blades becomes increasingly prominent. Especially in wind farms in cold regions, significant blade icing occurs throughout the winter. This icing not only alters the shape of the blades but also increases their load. Because the icing thickness varies across different sections, the original airfoil of the blades is disrupted, affecting the load and output of the wind turbine generator, thus reducing power generation efficiency. In severe cases, the generator may even shut down due to overload, significantly reducing its utilization rate. In areas with particularly severe icing, the power generation of wind farms can decrease by more than 90%. This not only affects power generation efficiency but can also cause equipment damage and safety accidents.

[0003] Existing methods for solving the problem of icing on wind turbine blades include active de-icing and passive de-icing. Active de-icing includes thermal de-icing, microwave defrosting, ultrasonic de-icing, and mechanical de-icing, but it suffers from high energy consumption and low safety. Passive de-icing, on the other hand, involves forming anti-icing coatings with different functions on the surface of wind turbine blades. This overcomes the technical obstacles of high energy consumption and low safety. Furthermore, it can utilize the hydrophobicity, anti-icing properties, and easy de-icing characteristics of the coating surface to achieve a self-cleaning and anti-icing effect on the material surface. In addition, its construction is simple, so passive de-icing is more widely used in practice.

[0004] Different anti-icing coatings made of different materials have different anti-icing principles. For example, superhydrophobic anti-icing coatings can reduce or decrease the degree of icing by reducing the residence time of water droplets on the surface of the substrate. This is currently the most commonly used type of anti-icing coating. However, this type of coating relies on nanoscale structure to achieve superhydrophobic effect. After multiple freeze-thaw cycles, nanoparticles will begin to move randomly. Some nanoparticles will detach from the polymer matrix and move to the coating surface. At this time, the coating surface will have problems such as protrusion, blistering, or even pinpoint peeling, which will greatly reduce the hydrophobic effect. Therefore, existing superhydrophobic anti-icing coatings cannot provide stable protection for blades. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades and its preparation method.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades, which consists of a primer coating, a middle coating and a topcoat coating arranged sequentially, wherein the thickness ratio of the primer coating, the middle coating and the topcoat coating is (4-6):(8-10):1; By weight percentage The raw materials used in the primer coating include the following components: Fluorocarbon resin 35-45wt%, filler 25-30wt%, isocyanate curing agent 5-6wt%, perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane 4-5wt%, the remainder is dispersant A; The raw materials used in the intermediate paint coating include the following components: Phase change thermal storage capsule 22-25wt%, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS 3-5wt%, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS 10-15wt%, hydrogen-terminated PDMS 22-25wt%, the remainder being diluent; The raw materials used in the topcoat coating include the following components: Fluorine-modified SiO2 particles 1-5wt%, the remainder being dispersant B; The core material of the phase change thermal storage capsule includes one or more straight-chain alkanes C13-C18, and the wall material is SiO2 particles.

[0007] Optionally, the filler includes one or more of silane-modified SiO2 particles, fluorine-modified SiO2 particles, silicon carbide particles, and polytetrafluoroethylene powder.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, this application sequentially sets a primer coating, a middle coating and a topcoat coating according to a certain thickness ratio. The fluorocarbon resin and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane in the primer coating both have low surface energy, which can significantly improve the surface hydrophobicity. The filler has micro-nano-level hydrophobic particles. Therefore, the primer coating has a good hydrophobic effect.

[0009] In the intermediate coating, this application uses trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS as the main materials and hydrogen-terminated PDMS as the crosslinking agent, which can obtain a coating with good light transmittance, hydrophobicity and resilience. As the middle layer of the three-layer composite structure, its good flexibility and resilience can help to more firmly connect the primer coating and the topcoat coating. Since the amount of filler added in the primer coating is relatively high, some fillers will detach from the fluorocarbon resin after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. At this time, the intermediate coating can quickly take advantage of its soft texture to adapt to the apparent deformation positions such as the protrusions and blistering areas of the primer coating, which significantly improves the adhesion between the primer coating and the intermediate coating, thereby maintaining the structural stability of the overall anti-icing nano-coating and inhibiting the phenomenon of peeling or cracking between the composite layer structures.

[0010] Furthermore, the intermediate coating also incorporates phase change thermal storage capsules that can suppress overcooling of the blade surface through a latent heat release mechanism. Due to the coating's excellent light transmittance, the phase change thermal storage capsules can absorb more light and heat from the environment. Therefore, the phase change thermal storage capsules can store a large amount of heat when the solar radiation intensity and temperature rise, thereby releasing more heat when the temperature drops to slow down the icing rate on the wind turbine blade surface, thus significantly reducing the amount of icing.

[0011] In the topcoat coating, the fluorine chains of the fluorinated SiO2 particles effectively reduce surface energy, and the SiO2 particles can construct stable micro-nano structures, achieving a highly hydrophobic surface. Simultaneously, the fluorinated SiO2 particles also exhibit excellent self-cleaning properties; fluorine atoms fill the micropores of the SiO2 particles, significantly reducing the possibility of contaminant embedding and extending the overall coating's lifespan. Due to the low addition amount of fluorinated SiO2 particles and their certain light transmittance, external light and heat energy can easily pass through the topcoat coating and be absorbed by the phase change thermal storage capsules in the intermediate coat. Similarly, when the temperature decreases, the heat released by the phase change thermal storage capsules can also easily pass through the topcoat coating, increasing the surface temperature of the wind turbine blades.

[0012] When a large amount of water comes into contact with the surface of a wind turbine blade, a small portion of the water inevitably seeps longitudinally into the blade surface through capillary action along coating defects or remains trapped within the defects. Repeated expansion and contraction during freeze-thaw cycles cause ice crystals to nucleate internally, damaging the internal structure of the coating and reducing its anti-icing capability. Therefore, in the anti-icing nano-coating of this application, each layer has excellent hydrophobic properties, providing superior longitudinal impermeability and virtually blocking the water penetration path, thus effectively maintaining the integrity of the coating's internal structure. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the good flexibility and resilience of the intermediate coating help it more firmly connect the primer and topcoat coatings. Therefore, the composite layer structure of this application not only has good hydrophobic properties in each layer but also high bonding strength between the three layers, resulting in good layer structure stability.

[0013] In summary, the primer, intermediate coat, and topcoat of this application all possess excellent protective capabilities and distinct characteristics. When combined, these three layers work synergistically to form a composite layer structure with high adhesion strength. During the blade's protection cycle, this structure dynamically adjusts the internal particle distribution and coating surface morphology, maintaining overall layer structure stability. Furthermore, the intermediate coat exhibits excellent heat storage and release capabilities, adjusting its state based on ambient temperature and light intensity. It also provides ample anti-icing protection during the icing period when temperatures drop. Therefore, the anti-icing nano-coating of this application is an antifreeze material applied to the surface of wind turbine blades. It significantly improves the long-term anti-icing performance of wind turbine blades from multiple perspectives, including self-cleaning, high hydrophobicity, phase change temperature control, and dynamic adjustment of the layer structure, thereby greatly extending the service life and safety of wind turbine blades.

[0014] In the specific embodiments of this application, the isocyanate curing agent is polyhexamethylene diisocyanate, dispersant A is ethyl acetate, diluent is n-hexane, and dispersant B is acetone. These are merely illustrative examples, and those skilled in the art can make reasonable adjustments and substitutions according to actual circumstances. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness ratio of the primer coating, intermediate coating, and topcoat coating is 5:9:1.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this application controls the thickness ratio of the primer coating, intermediate coating and topcoat coating to be 5:9:1, which enables each coating to give full play to its own advantages, and can further improve the synergistic effect between the three, optimize the effect of dynamic adjustment of the layer structure, and thus improve the overall performance of the anti-icing nano-coating.

[0017] Preferably, the weight ratio of the trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS, and hydrogen-terminated PDMS is 4:14:24.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, this application controls the weight ratio of trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS and hydrogen-terminated PDMS to be 4:14:24, which further balances and optimizes the light transmittance, hydrophobicity and resilience of the intermediate coating.

[0019] Preferably, the core material of the phase change thermal storage capsule includes straight-chain alkanes C14 and C15.

[0020] Preferably, the weight ratio of the straight-chain alkane C14 to the straight-chain alkane C15 is (1-2):1.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, this application uses a certain weight ratio of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 as the core material. This not only controls the phase change temperature of the phase change thermal storage capsule to be approximately between 6-8°C, which is closer to the actual average operating temperature, thereby achieving periodic heat storage and release cycles, but also fully utilizes the advantages of small volume difference and moderate carbon chain length between straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15, further improving the mutual solubility and uniformity between the core material components, thereby optimizing the heat storage and release stability of the phase change thermal storage capsule.

[0022] Preferably, the outer side of the phase change thermal storage capsule is also coated with nano-copper particles.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, this application coats the outer side of the phase change thermal storage capsule with a layer of nano-copper particles, which together with SiO2 particles form a double-layered capsule wall. The nano-copper particles can play a good role in heat conduction, rapidly introducing external heat into the interior of the phase change thermal storage capsule. At the same time, it enhances the thermal response rate of the core material, enabling it to absorb and store heat more effectively. It can also rapidly release the internally stored heat to the outside of the phase change thermal storage capsule, thereby quickly increasing the blade temperature and inhibiting surface icing.

[0024] Secondly, this application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of primer coating: Fluorocarbon resin, filler, 30-40wt% dispersant A and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane are blended to obtain component A. Isocyanate curing agent and the remaining dispersant A are blended to obtain component B. Component A and component B together constitute the primer coating. S2. Preparation of intermediate paint coating: The core material and surfactant are dispersed in a solvent, and after heating, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added. Then, the mixture is stirred until it becomes an emulsion. After adding alkali, the mixture is stirred for 20-25 hours at 70-90°C. The mixture is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a phase change thermal storage capsule. The phase change thermal storage capsule, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS are blended to obtain component C. Hydrogen-terminated PDMS and a diluent are blended to obtain component D. Components C and D together constitute the intermediate paint coating. S3. Preparation of topcoat: Fluorine-modified SiO2 particles and dispersant B are blended to obtain the topcoat; S4. Spraying: First, the wind turbine blades are pretreated, and then the primer, intermediate coat and topcoat are sprayed onto the surface of the wind turbine blades in sequence and dried to obtain an anti-icing nano-coating with a total thickness of 45-60μm.

[0025] Preferably, in S2, the weight ratio of the core material to tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:(1.1-1.3).

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the preparation method of this application sequentially prepares primer coating, intermediate coating and topcoat coating, then pre-treats the wind turbine blades, and then sprays them in the above order, which can form an anti-icing nano-coating with a stable composite layer structure, which can play a good protective effect on the wind turbine blades and improve the service life and safety of the wind turbine blades.

[0027] Preferably, the phase change thermal storage capsule in S2 is further coated with nano-copper particles, specifically as follows: The phase change thermal storage capsule was activated, and then it was mixed with copper sulfate pentahydrate and a reducing agent in a weight ratio of 5:(1.5-2):(2-3). The mixture was filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the modified phase change thermal storage capsule.

[0028] Preferably, the reducing agent is glyoxylic acid.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, this application activates the phase change thermal storage capsule, thereby forming a certain number of active sites on the outer surface of the capsule. Subsequently, copper sulfate pentahydrate and the reducing agent glyoxylic acid are added. Under the catalysis of the active sites, glyoxylic acid can release a large number of electrons through oxidation reaction and react with the copper ions released by copper sulfate pentahydrate, depositing and coating a layer of nano-copper particles on the outside of the SiO2 particle capsule wall, forming a double-layer capsule wall with the SiO2 particles, which greatly optimizes the thermal conductivity of the phase change thermal storage capsule.

[0030] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The primer, intermediate coat and topcoat of this application all have good anti-icing effect, and each has different characteristics. When the three layers are combined, they can work together to form a composite layer structure with good adhesion strength. During the protection cycle of the blade, it can dynamically adjust the internal particle distribution and coating surface morphology, thereby maintaining the overall layer structure stability. In addition, the intermediate coat also has good heat storage and release capacity, which can adjust the heat storage and release state according to the ambient temperature and light around the blade, and provide sufficient anti-icing protection for the blade during the icing period when the temperature drops. 2. The anti-icing nano-coating of this application is an antifreeze material applied to the surface of wind turbine blades. It can significantly improve the long-term anti-icing performance of wind turbine blades from multiple perspectives, such as self-cleaning, high hydrophobicity, phase change temperature control, and dynamic adjustment of layer structure, thereby greatly improving the service life and safety of wind turbine blades. 3. The preparation method of this application sequentially prepares a primer coating, a middle coating, and a topcoat coating, then pre-treats the wind turbine blades, and then sprays them in the above order, which can form an anti-icing nano-coating with a stable composite layer structure, providing good protection for the wind turbine blades. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Material source Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this application are commercially available products, specifically: Fluorocarbon resin, CAS number 9010-75-7; Isocyanate curing agent, CAS number 28182-81-2; Fluorine-modified SiO2 particles, 0.5-1.0 μm; Silane-modified SiO2 particles, 0.5-0.8 μm; Silicon nitride particles, 0.3-0.5 μm; Polytetrafluoroethylene powder, 0.6-1.0μm; Trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, weight average molecular weight 50000 g / mol; Single-hydrogen-terminated PDMS, weight-average molecular weight 4000 g / mol; Hydrogen-terminated PDMS, weight-average molecular weight 17000 g / mol.

[0032] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and comparative examples.

[0033] Example 1.1 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades includes the following steps: Prepare the ingredients according to Table 1, and then prepare the primer, intermediate coat, and topcoat: S1. Preparation of primer coating: Fluorocarbon resin, filler (silane-modified SiO2 particles), 40wt% ethyl acetate and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component A. Isocyanate curing agent and the remaining ethyl acetate are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component B. Component A and component B in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the primer coating. S2. Preparation of intermediate paint coating: The core material (straight-chain alkanes C14 and C15 in a weight ratio of 3:1) and the surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide are dispersed in an ethanol solution with a concentration of 35wt%. The mixture is heated to 80℃ to make it clear and transparent. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, and the mixture is stirred at 8000 rpm for 10 min and sonicated for 10 min until the system becomes an emulsion. After pumping in 25wt% ammonia water, the mixture is stirred at 90℃ for 20 h. The mixture is filtered, washed with alcohol and water, and freeze-dried for 24 h to obtain a phase change thermal storage capsule. The phase change thermal storage capsule, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS are blended and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component C. Hydrogen-terminated PDMS and n-hexane are blended and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component D. Component C and component D in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the intermediate paint coating. S3. Preparation of topcoat: Disperse fluorine-modified SiO2 particles in acetone and stir at 200 rpm for 15 min to obtain the topcoat. S4. Spraying: First, the wind turbine blades are pre-treated to remove residual paint film, rust, oil, scale and debris from the surface until the surface is free of rust, oil, dust and watermarks. First, the primer coating obtained in S1 is sprayed onto the pretreated wind turbine blade surface using the first HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun. The spray pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and two coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating and obtain a primer coating with a thickness of 12μm. After spraying, wait 10 minutes to ensure complete drying. Use a second HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun to spray the intermediate paint obtained in S2 onto the surface of the primer coating. The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and three coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating. Dry at 90℃ for 2 hours to obtain an intermediate paint coating with a thickness of 30μm. After spraying, wait 10 minutes to ensure complete drying. Then, use a third HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun to spray the topcoat onto the surface of the intermediate coat. The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and two coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating and obtain a topcoat coating with a thickness of 3μm. Subsequently, the coating was dried and cured at a temperature of 20±10℃ and a relative humidity of 60±15%, and after 24 hours, an anti-icing nano-coating with a total thickness of 45μm was obtained.

[0034] Example 1.2 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades includes the following steps: Prepare the ingredients according to Table 1, and then prepare the primer, intermediate coat, and topcoat: S1. Preparation of primer coating: Fluorocarbon resin, filler (fluorine-modified SiO2 particles and polytetrafluoroethylene powder in a weight ratio of 1:1), 30wt% ethyl acetate and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component A. Isocyanate curing agent and the remaining ethyl acetate are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component B. Component A and component B in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the primer coating. S2. Preparation of intermediate paint coating: The core material (straight-chain alkanes C14 and C15 in a weight ratio of 3:1) and the surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide are dispersed in an ethanol solution with a concentration of 35wt%. The mixture is heated to 80℃ to make it clear and transparent. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, and the mixture is stirred at 8000 rpm for 10 min and sonicated for 10 min until the system becomes an emulsion. Ammonia water with a concentration of 25wt% is pumped in, and the mixture is stirred at 70℃ for 25 h. The mixture is filtered, washed with alcohol and water, and freeze-dried for 24 h to obtain a phase change thermal storage capsule. The phase change thermal storage capsule, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS are blended and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component C. Hydrogen-terminated PDMS and n-hexane are blended and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component D. Component C and component D in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the intermediate paint coating. S3. Preparation of topcoat: Disperse fluorine-modified SiO2 particles in acetone and stir at 200 rpm for 15 min to obtain the topcoat. S4. Spraying: First, the wind turbine blades are pre-treated to remove residual paint film, rust, oil, scale and debris from the surface until the surface is free of rust, oil, dust and watermarks. First, the primer coating obtained in S1 is sprayed onto the pretreated wind turbine blade surface using the first HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun. The spray pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and two coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating and obtain a primer coating with a thickness of 24μm. After spraying, wait 10 minutes to ensure complete drying. Use a second HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun to spray the intermediate paint obtained in S2 onto the surface of the primer coating. The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and three coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating. Dry at 90℃ for 2 hours to obtain an intermediate paint coating with a thickness of 32μm. After spraying, wait 10 minutes to ensure complete drying. Then, use a third HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun to spray the topcoat onto the surface of the intermediate coat. The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and two coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating and obtain a topcoat coating with a thickness of 4μm. Subsequently, the entire coating was dried and cured at a temperature of 20±10℃ and a relative humidity of 60±15%, and after 24 hours, an anti-icing nano-coating with a total thickness of 60μm was obtained.

[0035] Example 1.3 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades includes the following steps: Prepare the ingredients according to Table 1, and then prepare the primer, intermediate coat, and topcoat: S1. Preparation of primer coating: Fluorocarbon resin, filler (silicon nitride particles), 35wt% ethyl acetate and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component A. Isocyanate curing agent and the remaining ethyl acetate are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component B. Component A and component B in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the primer coating. S2. Preparation of intermediate coating: The core material (straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 in a weight ratio of 3:1) and the surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide are dispersed in an ethanol solution with a concentration of 35 wt%. The mixture is heated to 80°C until it becomes clear and transparent. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, and the mixture is stirred at 8000 rpm for 10 min and sonicated for 10 min until it becomes an emulsion. Finally, 25 wt% ammonia solution is pumped in and the mixture is heated at 80°C. Continue stirring for 22.5 h, filter, wash with alcohol, wash with water, and freeze dry for 24 h to obtain phase change heat storage capsules; blend the phase change heat storage capsules, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS, and stir at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component C; blend the hydrogen-terminated PDMS and n-hexane, and stir at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component D; component C and component D in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the intermediate paint coating. S3. Preparation of topcoat: Disperse fluorine-modified SiO2 particles in acetone and stir at 200 rpm for 15 min to obtain the topcoat. S4. Spraying: First, the wind turbine blades are pre-treated to remove residual paint film, rust, oil, scale and debris from the surface until the surface is free of rust, oil, dust and watermarks. First, the primer coating obtained in S1 is sprayed onto the pretreated wind turbine blade surface using the first HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun. The spray pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and two coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating and obtain a primer coating with a thickness of 15μm. After spraying, wait 10 minutes to ensure complete drying. Then, use a second HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun to spray the intermediate paint obtained in S2 onto the surface of the primer coating. The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and three coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating. Dry at 90℃ for 2 hours to obtain an intermediate paint coating with a thickness of 27μm. After spraying, wait 10 minutes to ensure complete drying. Then, use a third HVLP (high flow low pressure) spray gun to spray the topcoat onto the surface of the intermediate coat. The spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa, the nozzle diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the spraying distance is 15-25cm, and two coats are sprayed evenly to ensure uniform coating and obtain a topcoat coating with a thickness of 3μm. Subsequently, the coating was dried and cured at a temperature of 20±10℃ and a relative humidity of 60±15%, and after 24 hours, an anti-icing nano-coating with a total thickness of 45μm was obtained.

[0036] Table 1. Amounts (kg) of each substance in Examples 1.1-1.3

[0037] Example 2.1 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the amount of trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS is 0.38 kg, the amount of monohydrogen-terminated PDMS is 1.33 kg, and the amount of hydrogen-terminated PDMS is 2.29 kg, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0038] Example 2.2 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the amount of trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS is 0.39 kg, the amount of monohydrogen-terminated PDMS is 1.17 kg, and the amount of hydrogen-terminated PDMS is 2.47 kg, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0039] Example 2.3 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the amount of trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS is 0.42 kg, the amount of monohydrogen-terminated PDMS is 1.16 kg, and the amount of hydrogen-terminated PDMS is 2.42 kg, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0040] Example 3.1 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 in a weight ratio of 2:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0041] Example 3.2 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 in a weight ratio of 1:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0042] Example 3.3 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 in a weight ratio of 1:2, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0043] Example 4.1 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C13 and straight-chain alkane C14 in a weight ratio of 3:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0044] Example 4.2 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C15 and straight-chain alkane C16 in a weight ratio of 3:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0045] Example 4.3 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C16 and straight-chain alkane C17 in a weight ratio of 3:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0046] Example 4.4 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C17 and straight-chain alkane C18 in a weight ratio of 3:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0047] Example 4.5 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C13 and straight-chain alkane C18 in a weight ratio of 3:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0048] Example 4.6 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is composed of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C17 in a weight ratio of 3:1, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0049] Example 4.7 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is entirely straight-chain alkane C14, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0050] Example 4.8 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 1.3 in that, in S2, the core material is entirely straight-chain alkane C15, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0051] Example 5.1 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 3.1 in that the phase change thermal storage capsule in S2 is further coated with nano-copper particles. The specific operation is as follows: 0.8 kg of SnCl2 was placed in 80 L of 0.45 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stirred at 300 rpm for 5 min. Then, 4 kg of phase change thermal storage capsules were added and stirred for 10 min. After filtration and washing three times with deionized water, all capsules were immersed in 80 mg / L PdCl2 solution for 5 min for activation. After filtration and washing three times with deionized water, activated capsules were obtained. 3 kg of activated capsules, 1.2 kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.6 kg of complexing agent EDTA were mixed and stirred at 200 rpm for 10 min. Then, 1.2 kg of reducing agent (glyoxylic acid) was immediately added and the mixture was reacted for 1 h. After filtration and washing three times with deionized water, the modified phase change thermal storage capsules were obtained after freeze-drying. 2.35 kg of modified phase change thermal storage capsules were then mixed with trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS. The rest of the process was the same as in Example 3.1.

[0052] Example 5.2 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 3.1 in that the phase change thermal storage capsule in S2 is further coated with nano-copper particles. The specific operation of S2 is as follows: 0.8 kg of SnCl2 was placed in 80 L of 0.45 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution and stirred at 300 rpm for 5 min. Then, 4 kg of phase change thermal storage capsules were added and stirred for 10 min. After filtration and washing three times with deionized water, all capsules were immersed in 80 mg / L PdCl2 solution for 5 min for activation. After filtration and washing three times with deionized water, activated capsules were obtained. 3 kg of activated capsules, 0.9 kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, and 0.45 kg of complexing agent EDTA were mixed and stirred at 200 rpm for 10 min. Then, 1.8 kg of reducing agent (glyoxylic acid) was immediately added and the mixture was stirred for 1 h. After filtration and washing three times with deionized water, the modified phase change thermal storage capsules were obtained after freeze-drying. 2.35 kg of modified phase change thermal storage capsules were then mixed with trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS. The rest of the process was the same as in Example 3.1.

[0053] Example 6.1 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 5.1 in that, in S2, glyoxylic acid is replaced with dimethylamine borane, while the rest is the same as in Example 5.1.

[0054] Example 6.2 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 5.1 in that, in S2, glyoxylic acid is replaced with sodium hypochlorite, while the rest is the same as in Example 5.1.

[0055] Example 6.3 A method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades differs from Example 5.1 in that, in S2, glyoxylic acid is replaced with sodium borohydride, while the rest is the same as in Example 5.1.

[0056] Comparative Example 1.1 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S4, the spraying order of the primer and topcoat is exchanged, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0057] Comparative Example 1.2 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S4, the spraying order of the intermediate paint and the topcoat is exchanged, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.3.

[0058] Comparative Example 2.1 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S4, the thickness of the primer coating is controlled to be 9 μm, the thickness of the intermediate coating is 33 μm, and the thickness of the topcoat coating is 3 μm, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.3.

[0059] Comparative Example 2.2 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S4, the thickness of the primer coating is controlled to be 24 μm, the thickness of the intermediate coating is 18 μm, and the thickness of the topcoat coating is 3 μm, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.3.

[0060] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1.3 is that all phase change thermal storage capsules in S2 are replaced with silicon carbide particles, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.3.

[0061] Comparative Example 4.1 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S2, 2.35 kg of phase change heat storage capsule, 3.2 kg of fluorocarbon resin and 0.36 kg of perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilanetrimethyl are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component C. 0.44 kg of isocyanate curing agent and 3.65 kg of ethyl acetate are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component D. Component C and component D in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constitute the intermediate paint coating. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1.3.

[0062] Comparative Example 4.2 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S1, the amount of silicon nitride particles is adjusted to 1.2 kg and the amount of ethyl acetate is adjusted to 3.8 kg; In S2, 2.35 kg of phase change thermal storage capsule, 3.2 kg of fluorocarbon resin and 0.36 kg of perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilanetrimethyl were mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component C. 0.44 kg of isocyanate curing agent and 3.65 kg of ethyl acetate were mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 10 min to obtain component D. Component C and component D in a weight ratio of 1:1 together constituted the intermediate paint coating. All other aspects were the same as in Example 1.3.

[0063] Comparative Example 5.1 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S3, the amount of fluorine-modified SiO2 particles is 0.5 kg and the amount of acetone is 99.5 kg, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.3.

[0064] Comparative Example 5.2 The difference from Example 1.3 is that in S3, the amount of fluorine-modified SiO2 particles is 8 kg and the amount of acetone is 92 kg, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.3.

[0065] Performance testing The water contact angle (°), ice adhesion strength (kPa), and water contact angle (°) and ice adhesion strength (kPa) of the anti-icing nanocoatings obtained in the examples and comparative examples were tested, wherein: The water contact angle was measured according to the specifications in GB / T 30693-2014; Ice adhesion strength was tested using a digital push-pull force gauge. During the test, the pressure was gradually increased from 0 kPa, and the maximum force value during the test was recorded. In the freeze-thaw cycle, the temperature is lowered to -25±2℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held for 4 hours, and then heated in a 23℃ water bath for 2 hours, which constitutes one cycle. The above test results are all recorded in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2 Test Results

[0067] Data Analysis: As shown in Table 2, the anti-icing nano-coatings obtained in Examples 1.1-1.3 of this application have an initial water contact angle of 156.0°-156.3° and an initial ice adhesion strength of 24.3-24.4 kPa. After 20 freeze-thaw cycles, they still maintain a water contact angle of 153.3°-153.9° and an ice adhesion strength of 27.1-27.6 kPa. This demonstrates that the primer, intermediate coat, and topcoat of this application all possess excellent protective capabilities and each exhibits different characteristics. The three layers work together to form a composite layer structure with high adhesion strength, enabling dynamic adjustment of internal particle distribution and coating surface shape during the blade protection cycle. The coating layer maintains the overall stability of the layer structure. In addition, the intermediate coating layer has good heat storage and release capabilities, which can adjust the heat storage and release state according to the ambient temperature and light around the blades. It also provides sufficient anti-icing protection for the blades during the icing period when the temperature drops. Furthermore, the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating in Example 1.3 are lower than those in Examples 1.1-1.2. It can be seen that controlling the thickness ratio of the primer coating, intermediate coating layer and topcoat coating can enable each coating to give full play to its own advantages, and can further improve the synergistic effect between the three, optimize the effect of dynamic adjustment of the layer structure, and thus improve the overall performance of the anti-icing nano-coating.

[0068] In Examples 2.1-2.3, this application changed the ratio of trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS, and hydrogen-terminated PDMS in S2. The results showed that the anti-icing nano-coating obtained in Example 2.1 was superior to that in Examples 1.3 and 2.2-2.3. It can be seen that by controlling the weight ratio of trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS, and hydrogen-terminated PDMS to 4:14:24, the light transmittance, hydrophobicity, and resilience of the intermediate coating were further balanced and optimized.

[0069] In Examples 3.1-3.3, this application changed the weight ratio of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 in the core material. The results showed that the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating in Examples 3.1-3.2 were significantly lower than those in Examples 3.3 and 1.3. Meanwhile, in Examples 4.1-4.8, this application adjusted the composition of the core material. The results showed that the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating were actually higher than those in Example 1.3. It can be seen that by using a certain weight ratio of straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15 as the core material, this application can not only control the phase change temperature of the phase change thermal storage capsule to about 6-8°C, which is closer to the actual average operating temperature, thereby realizing periodic heat storage and release cycles, but also make full use of the advantages of small volume difference and moderate carbon chain length between straight-chain alkane C14 and straight-chain alkane C15, further improving the mutual solubility and uniformity between the core material components, thereby optimizing the heat storage and release stability of the phase change thermal storage capsule.

[0070] In Examples 5.1-6.3, the phase change thermal storage capsule of this application was coated with nano-copper particles. The results showed that the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating were lower than those in Example 3.1. It can be seen that the nano-copper particles can play a good role in heat conduction, rapidly introduce external heat into the interior of the phase change thermal storage capsule, and enhance the thermal response rate of the core material, enabling it to absorb and store heat more effectively. It can also rapidly release the internally stored heat to the outside of the phase change thermal storage capsule, thereby quickly increasing the blade temperature and inhibiting surface icing.

[0071] In Comparative Examples 1.1-1.2, this application changed the arrangement order of the layers. The results showed that the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating were much higher than those in Example 1.3. It can be seen that the primer coating, intermediate coating and topcoat coating of this application all have good anti-icing effect, and each has different characteristics. The three layers can work together to significantly improve the long-term anti-icing performance of wind turbine blades from multiple perspectives such as self-cleaning, high hydrophobicity, phase change temperature control and dynamic adjustment of layer structure.

[0072] In Comparative Examples 2.1-2.2, the thickness of each layer was changed in this application. The results showed that the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating were higher than those in Example 1.3. It can be seen that controlling the thickness ratio of the primer coating, intermediate coating and topcoat coating can enable each coating to give full play to its own advantages, and can further improve the synergistic effect between the three, optimize the effect of dynamic adjustment of layer structure, and thus improve the overall performance of the anti-icing nano-coating.

[0073] In Comparative Example 3, this application replaced all the phase change thermal storage capsules in S2 with silicon carbide particles. The results showed that the decrease rate of water contact angle and the increase rate of ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating were much higher than those in Example 1.3. It can be seen that the phase change thermal storage capsule can suppress the overcooling of the blade surface through the latent heat release mechanism. Due to the good light transmittance of the coating itself, the phase change thermal storage capsule can absorb more light and heat from the environment. Therefore, it can store a lot of heat when the solar radiation intensity and temperature rise, and release more heat when the temperature drops to slow down the icing rate on the surface of the wind turbine blade, thereby significantly reducing the amount of icing.

[0074] In Comparative Example 4.1, this application changed the main materials of the intermediate paint coating. The results showed that the decrease rate of the water contact angle and the increase rate of the ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating increased. In Comparative Example 4.2, this application changed the main materials of the intermediate paint coating while reducing the filler content in the primer coating. The results showed that not only did the decrease rate of the water contact angle and the increase rate of the ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating increase, but the initial water contact angle also decreased and the ice adhesion strength increased. It can be seen that using trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS as the main materials and hydrogen-terminated PDMS as the crosslinking agent can produce a product with good light transmittance. The coating, characterized by its flexibility, hydrophobicity, and resilience, serves as the intermediate layer in a three-layer composite structure. Its excellent flexibility and resilience help to more firmly connect the primer and topcoat coatings. Due to the high filler content in the primer coating, some fillers may detach from the fluorocarbon resin after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. At this point, the intermediate coating can quickly utilize its relatively soft texture to adapt to the protrusions, bubbles, and other apparent deformations in the primer coating, significantly improving the adhesion between the primer and intermediate coatings. This maintains the overall stability of the anti-icing nano-coating structure and inhibits peeling or cracking between the composite layers.

[0075] In Comparative Examples 5.1-5.2, this application adjusted the amount of fluorinated SiO2 particles in the topcoat coating. The results showed that when the amount decreased, the initial water contact angle of the anti-icing nano-coating decreased, while the ice adhesion strength increased. When the amount increased, although the initial water contact angle of the anti-icing nano-coating slightly increased and the ice adhesion strength slightly decreased, the rate of decrease in the water contact angle and the rate of increase in the ice adhesion strength of the anti-icing nano-coating surged. This demonstrates that the fluorine chains in the fluorinated SiO2 particles can effectively reduce surface energy, and the SiO2 particles can construct stable micro / nano structures to achieve a highly hydrophobic surface. Furthermore, the fluorinated SiO2 particles also exhibit good self-cleaning properties. The micropores filled with SiO2 particles significantly reduce the possibility of contaminant embedding and improve the overall service life of the coating. Since the amount of fluorine-modified SiO2 particles added in the embodiment is low and has a certain light transmittance, external light and heat energy can pass through the topcoat coating and be absorbed by the phase change heat storage capsule in the intermediate coating. Similarly, when the temperature drops, the heat released by the phase change heat storage capsule can also pass through the topcoat coating smoothly, increasing the surface temperature of the wind turbine blade. Therefore, excessive fluorine-modified SiO2 particles not only cannot significantly increase the hydrophobicity of the coating surface, but will also cause a serious drop in the light transmittance of the topcoat coating, thereby destroying the working mechanism of the phase change heat storage capsule.

[0076] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades, comprising a primer coating, a middle coating, and a topcoat coating arranged sequentially from bottom to top, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the primer coating, intermediate coating, and topcoat coating is (4-6):(8-10):1; By weight percentage The raw materials used in the primer coating include the following components: Fluorocarbon resin 35-45wt%, filler 25-30wt%, isocyanate curing agent 5-6wt%, perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane 4-5wt%, the remainder is dispersant A; The raw materials used in the intermediate paint coating include the following components: Phase change thermal storage capsule 22-25wt%, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS 3-5wt%, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS 10-15wt%, hydrogen-terminated PDMS 22-25wt%, the remainder being diluent; The raw materials used in the topcoat coating include the following components: Fluorine-modified SiO2 particles 1-5wt%, the remainder being dispersant B; The core material of the phase change thermal storage capsule includes one or more straight-chain alkanes C13-C18, and the wall material is SiO2 particles.

2. The anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the primer coating, intermediate coating, and topcoat coating is 5:9:

1.

3. The anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, monohydrogen-terminated PDMS, and hydrogen-terminated PDMS is 4:14:

24.

4. The anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core material of the phase change thermal storage capsule includes straight-chain alkanes C14 and C15.

5. The anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 4, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the straight-chain alkane C14 to the straight-chain alkane C15 is (1-2):

1.

6. The anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the phase change thermal storage capsule is also coated with nano-copper particles.

7. A method for preparing the anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of primer coating: Fluorocarbon resin, filler, 30-40wt% dispersant A and perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane are blended to obtain component A. Isocyanate curing agent and the remaining dispersant A are blended to obtain component B. Component A and component B together constitute the primer coating. S2. Preparation of intermediate paint coating: The core material and surfactant are dispersed in a solvent, and after heating, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added. Then, the mixture is stirred until it becomes an emulsion. After adding alkali, the mixture is stirred for 20-25 hours at 70-90°C. The mixture is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a phase change thermal storage capsule. The phase change thermal storage capsule, trimethyl-terminated vinyl PDMS-PMMS, and monohydrogen-terminated PDMS are blended to obtain component C. Hydrogen-terminated PDMS and a diluent are blended to obtain component D. Components C and D together constitute the intermediate paint coating. S3. Preparation of topcoat: Fluorine-modified SiO2 particles and dispersant B are blended to obtain the topcoat; S4. Spraying: First, the wind turbine blades are pretreated, and then the primer, intermediate coat and topcoat are sprayed onto the surface of the wind turbine blades in sequence and dried to obtain an anti-icing nano-coating with a total thickness of 45-60μm.

8. The method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S2, the weight ratio of the core material to tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:(1.1-1.3).

9. The method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 7, characterized in that, The phase change thermal storage capsule in S2 is also coated with nano-copper particles, specifically as follows: The phase change thermal storage capsule was activated, and then it was mixed with copper sulfate pentahydrate and a reducing agent in a weight ratio of 5:(1.5-2):(2-3). The mixture was filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the modified phase change thermal storage capsule.

10. The method for preparing an anti-icing nano-coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 9, characterized in that, The reducing agent is glyoxylic acid.

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