Soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco planting and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and discloses a soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco planting and application thereof.The regulator comprises a composition A and bacillus, and the composition A comprises, by weight, 20%-40% of activated carbon, 20%-30% of humic acid, 0-20% of calcined dolomite powder, 0-40% of ardealite powder, 5%-10% of anion exchange resin and 0-15% of anion sand; the bacillus comprises any one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens; the problem that chloride ions in flue-cured tobacco planting soil are too high is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco cultivation technology, specifically to a soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Yunnan is a major tobacco-producing province in China, and Yuxi is renowned as the "Hometown of Yunnan Tobacco." Yuxi City is an important quality-producing area for flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan. Large-scale flue-cured tobacco cultivation in Yuxi City has a history of about 40 years. In the past 40 years, the cultivation of vegetables and other cash crops has developed rapidly in Yuxi City, with continuous cropping rotation between vegetables and flue-cured tobacco. The large-scale use of chemical fertilizers for cash crops has led to high chloride ion levels in many tobacco-growing soils, some exceeding the threshold for flue-cured tobacco cultivation. Currently, there is a widespread problem of excessively high chloride ion levels in tobacco fields. During flue-cured tobacco cultivation, excessively high chloride ion content in the soil will adversely affect the growth, development, and final quality of tobacco plants. For example, high concentrations of chloride ions can have a toxic effect on tobacco plants, causing leaf burn, i.e., the edges of leaves dry out or die. Excessive chloride ions can also affect the absorption of other essential nutrients, especially potassium, thus affecting the overall health of the tobacco plants, resulting in slow growth, poor root development, and a significant reduction in yield. In addition, in the long term, excessive accumulation of chloride ions in the soil may exacerbate soil salinization, damage soil structure, and affect the sustainable use of land.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an agent that regulates chloride ions in the soil used for flue-cured tobacco cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco planting and its application, which solves the problem of excessive chloride ion in flue-cured tobacco planting soil.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation, the regulator comprising composition A and Bacillus, wherein composition A, by weight percentage, comprises: 20%-40% activated carbon, 20%-30% humic acid, 0-20% calcined dolomite powder, 0-40% phosphogypsum powder, 5%-10% anion exchange resin, and 0-15% anion exchange sand; the Bacillus includes any one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0007] Furthermore, the regulator comprises: 20% activated carbon, 25% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 35% phosphogypsum powder, 5% anion exchange resin, and 0.2 billion Bacillus subtilis per gram.

[0008] Furthermore, the regulator comprises: 40% activated carbon, 20% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 10% phosphogypsum powder, 5% anion exchange resin, 10% anion exchange sand, 0.2 billion / g Bacillus subtilis and 0.2 billion / g Bacillus licheniformis.

[0009] Furthermore, the regulator comprises: 30% activated carbon, 30% humic acid, 30% phosphogypsum powder, 10% anion exchange resin, 0.2 billion / g Bacillus subtilis, 0.2 billion / g Bacillus licheniformis, and 0.2 billion / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0010] The application of soil chloride ion regulators as described above in regulating the chloride ion content in soil.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the technical solution are:

[0012] After applying the regulator of the present invention, it can lock in soil chloride ions and prevent them from being absorbed by crops, thereby reducing the soil chloride ion content and maintaining a stable value of soil chloride ions for a long time. In addition, the regulator is made from abundant raw materials, is inexpensive, and is environmentally friendly. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments:

[0014] Example 1

[0015] A soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation, comprising composition A and Bacillus subtilis, wherein composition A comprises, by weight percentage: 20% activated carbon, 25% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 35% phosphogypsum powder, and 5% anion exchange resin; and the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis with an effective ingredient content of 0.2 billion spores / gram.

[0016] Example 2

[0017] A soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation, comprising composition A and Bacillus, wherein composition A comprises, by weight percentage: 40% activated carbon, 20% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 10% phosphogypsum powder, 5% anion exchange resin, and 10% anion exchange sand; and the Bacillus is Bacillus subtilis with an effective ingredient content of 0.2 billion spores / g and Bacillus licheniformis with an effective ingredient content of 0.2 billion spores / g.

[0018] Example 3

[0019] A soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation, comprising composition A and Bacillus, wherein composition A comprises, by weight percentage: 30% activated carbon, 30% humic acid, 30% phosphogypsum powder, and 10% anion exchange resin; and the Bacillus is Bacillus subtilis with an effective ingredient content of 0.2 billion spores / g, Bacillus licheniformis with an effective ingredient content of 0.2 billion spores / g, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with an effective ingredient content of 0.2 billion spores / g.

[0020] The regulators from Examples 1-3 were added as powder solids and mixed with soil. Experiments were conducted on various flue-cured tobacco varieties using the regulators. The experimental process and results are as follows:

[0021] (1) The chloride ion regulator described in Example 1 was used for the test.

[0022] Experimental materials: The soil samples were collected from a flue-cured tobacco-vegetable rotation field in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province. The initial chloride ion concentration in the soil was 150-165 mg / kg, exceeding the suitable planting threshold for flue-cured tobacco. The tested growth regulator, by weight percentage, consisted of 20% activated carbon, 25% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 35% phosphogypsum powder, and 5% anion exchange resin, with the addition of Bacillus subtilis (effective content 0.2 billion / g). The tested flue-cured tobacco variety was "Yunyan 87".

[0023] Experimental Design: The experiment consisted of three treatment groups and one control group, with each group replicated three times. Each plot was 15 m², arranged in a randomized block design. Treatment group 1: 1500 kg / ha of growth regulator applied; Treatment group 2: 2250 kg / ha of growth regulator applied; Treatment group 3: 3000 kg / ha of growth regulator applied; Control group: No growth regulator applied. The growth regulator was evenly mixed with the top 20 cm of soil 7 days before tobacco transplanting.

[0024] Experimental Results: Soil samples from the 0-20cm layer were collected at 30, 60, 180, and 360 days after application. Soil chloride ion concentration was determined using the silver nitrate titration method. Plant height, yield per plant, and leaf burn rate were measured at the tobacco harvest period. Changes in soil chloride ion concentration showed that the control group's soil chloride ion concentration remained above 160 mg / kg throughout the experimental period. In treatment group 1, the chloride ion concentration decreased to 135 mg / kg after 30 days of application, 115 mg / kg after 60 days, 95 mg / kg after 180 days, and remained at 90 mg / kg after 360 days. In treatment group 2, the chloride ion concentration decreased to 120 mg / kg after 30 days of application, 100 mg / kg after 60 days, 85 mg / kg after 180 days, and remained stable at 80 mg / kg after 360 days. Treatment group 3 showed the most significant effect, decreasing to 105 mg / kg after 30 days, 90 mg / kg after 60 days, 75 mg / kg after 180 days, and remaining at 70 mg / kg after 360 days, all within the suitable range of 50-100 mg / kg.

[0025] In terms of flue-cured tobacco growth indicators, treatment group 3 showed the best performance, with plant height increasing by 12-15 cm, stem diameter increasing by 0.2-0.4 cm, number of effective leaves increasing by 2-3, yield per plant increasing by 20%, and leaf burn rate decreasing from 30% in the control group to below 8%. Treatment group 2 showed plant height increasing by 8-10 cm, yield per plant increasing by 16%, and leaf burn rate decreasing to 5%. Treatment group 1 showed leaf burn rate decreasing to 7%, yield increasing by 12%, and the effect increased with the increase of application rate.

[0026] (2) The chloride ion regulator described in Example 2 was used for testing.

[0027] Experimental materials: The test soil was collected from a high-chloride flue-cured tobacco field in Jiangchuan District, Yuxi City. The initial chloride ion concentration of the soil was 170-180 mg / kg, the organic matter content was 11.2 g / kg, and the available potassium content was 95 mg / kg. The test regulator, by weight percentage, consisted of 40% activated carbon, 20% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 10% phosphogypsum powder, 5% anion exchange resin, and 10% anion exchange sand, with the addition of Bacillus subtilis (0.2 billion / g) and Bacillus licheniformis (0.2 billion / g). The tested flue-cured tobacco variety was "K326".

[0028] Experimental design: Two treatment groups and one control group were set up, with each group replicated three times. The plot area was 15 m², and the experiment was conducted in a randomized block design. Treatment group 1: 2000 kg / ha of growth regulator was applied; Treatment group 2: 2700 kg / ha of growth regulator was applied; Control group: no growth regulator was applied. The growth regulator was applied 7 days before tobacco transplanting and mixed with the top 20 cm of soil by tilling.

[0029] Experimental Results: Soil samples from the 0-20cm layer were collected at 30, 60, 180, and 360 days after application. Soil chloride ion concentration was determined using silver nitrate titration. Plant height, yield per plant, and leaf burn rate were measured at the tobacco harvest. Changes in soil chloride ion concentration showed that the control group consistently maintained above 170 mg / kg. In treatment group 1, the chloride ion concentration decreased to 140 mg / kg after 30 days, 110 mg / kg after 60 days, 95 mg / kg after 180 days, and remained at 85 mg / kg after 360 days. Treatment group 2 showed a more significant effect, decreasing to 120 mg / kg after 30 days, 95 mg / kg after 60 days, 75 mg / kg after 180 days, and stabilizing at 70 mg / kg after 360 days, all within the suitable range of 50-100 mg / kg.

[0030] Regarding the growth indicators of flue-cured tobacco, treatment group 2 showed the best performance, with plant height increasing by 18 cm compared to the control group, yield per plant increasing by 22%, and leaf burn rate decreasing from 35% in the control group to 5%. In treatment group 1, plant height increased, yield per plant increased by 15%, and leaf burn rate decreased to 12%. Long-term monitoring showed that the soil structure was loose, there was no aggravation of salinization, and the microbial community structure was stable.

[0031] (3) The chloride ion regulator described in Example 3 was used for the test.

[0032] Experimental materials: The test soil was collected from a continuously cropped flue-cured tobacco field in Yuxi City. The initial chloride ion concentration of the soil was 155-170 mg / kg, and the organic matter content was 10.8 g / kg. The test regulator, by weight percentage, consisted of 30% activated carbon, 30% humic acid, 30% phosphogypsum powder, and 10% anion exchange resin, with the addition of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (0.2 billion CFU / g each). The tested flue-cured tobacco variety was "Yunyan 97".

[0033] Experimental Design: Three treatment groups and one control group were set up, with each group replicated three times. The plot area was 15 m², and the experiment was conducted in a randomized block design. Treatment group 1: 1800 kg / ha of growth regulator was applied; Treatment group 2: 2400 kg / ha of growth regulator was applied; Treatment group 3: 3000 kg / ha of growth regulator was applied; Control group: no growth regulator was applied. The growth regulator was applied 10 days before tobacco transplanting and mixed evenly with the top 20 cm of soil.

[0034] Experimental results: Changes in soil chloride ion concentration showed that the control group remained above 150 mg / kg. In treatment group 1, the chloride ion concentration decreased to 130 mg / kg after 30 days, 105 mg / kg after 60 days, 85 mg / kg after 180 days, and 80 mg / kg after 360 days. In treatment group 2, the chloride ion concentration decreased to 115 mg / kg after 30 days, 90 mg / kg after 60 days, 75 mg / kg after 180 days, and 70 mg / kg after 360 days. Treatment group 3 showed the most significant effect, decreasing the chloride ion concentration to 100 mg / kg after 30 days, 80 mg / kg after 60 days, 65 mg / kg after 180 days, and stabilizing at 60 mg / kg after 360 days, maintaining a suitable range over the long term.

[0035] Regarding tobacco growth indicators, in treatment group 3, the plant height increased by 18-20 cm compared to the control group, the yield per plant increased by 28%, and the leaf burn rate decreased from 40% in the control group to 3%. In treatment group 2, the plant height increased by 12-15 cm, the yield per plant increased by 20%, and the leaf burn rate decreased to 8%. In treatment group 1, the plant height increased by 8-10 cm, the yield per plant increased by 15%, and the leaf burn rate decreased to 15%. The effects increased significantly with the application rate. No signs of soil salinization were observed in any of the treatment groups. After 360 days, the soil structure was loose, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity was improved, meeting the requirements for sustainable planting.

[0036] Experimental results show that the regulators described above can be widely applied to various crops without causing harm or hindering planting. They can lock in soil chloride ions, reduce soil chloride ion content, and maintain a stable value of soil chloride ions for a long time.

[0037] In summary, after applying the regulator of the present invention, it can lock in soil chloride ions and prevent them from being absorbed by crops, thereby reducing the soil chloride ion content and maintaining a stable value of soil chloride ions for a long time. In addition, the regulator has abundant raw materials, low cost, and is environmentally friendly.

[0038] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific technical solutions or characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation, characterized in that, The regulator comprises composition A and Bacillus, wherein composition A, by weight percentage, comprises: 20%-40% activated carbon, 20%-30% humic acid, 0-20% calcined dolomite powder, 0-40% phosphogypsum powder, 5%-10% anion exchange resin, and 0-15% anion exchange sand; the Bacillus includes any one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

2. The soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulators include: 20% activated carbon, 25% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 35% phosphogypsum powder, 5% anion exchange resin, and 0.2 billion Bacillus subtilis per gram.

3. The soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulators include: 40% activated carbon, 20% humic acid, 15% calcined dolomite powder, 10% phosphogypsum powder, 5% anion exchange resin, 10% anion exchange sand, 0.2 billion / g Bacillus subtilis and 0.2 billion / g Bacillus licheniformis.

4. The soil chloride ion regulator for tobacco cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulators include: 30% activated carbon, 30% humic acid, 30% phosphogypsum powder, 10% anion exchange resin, 0.2 billion / g Bacillus subtilis, 0.2 billion / g Bacillus licheniformis, and 0.2 billion / g Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

5. The application of the soil chloride ion regulator as described in any one of claims 1-4 in regulating the chloride ion content in soil.