Power generation equipment

Abstract

Provided is a power generation facility capable of preventing malfunctions caused by unburned fuel during emergency stop of a gas turbine. A gas turbine plant (100) is provided with: a fuel pipe (17) connected to a fuel supply plant (16); a fuel supply pipe (15) connected to a combustor (3) of the gas turbine (GT); a fuel processing pipe (33) connected to a fuel processing device (32) for processing fuel; and a three-way valve (31) having an inlet port (31i) connected to the fuel pipe (17), a first outlet port (31oa) connected to the fuel supply pipe (15), and a second outlet port (31ob) connected to the fuel processing pipe (33).

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application filed on September 28, 2022, with application number 202211195022.9 and invention title "Gas Turbine Equipment". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to power generation equipment. Background Technology

[0003] In gas turbine equipment, in order to suppress carbon dioxide emissions, which is a cause of global warming from the perspective of environmental protection, it is planned to use ammonia, hydrogen, etc. as fuels in the gas turbine combustor.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a gas turbine device that uses ammonia gas supplied to a combustor as fuel and burns the ammonia gas in the combustor to generate combustion gases that rotate the turbine. The gas turbine device described in Patent Document 1 includes a tank for storing liquid ammonia and a vaporizer for vaporizing the liquid ammonia.

[0005] In the piping supplying fuel from the gasifier to the burner, a first on / off valve, a second on / off valve, and a first control valve are sequentially installed from upstream to downstream. Additionally, in the piping connecting the first and second on / off valves, a recovery tank for recovering ammonia is connected via a third on / off valve.

[0006] Patent Document 1 describes a method where, after supplying ammonia gas from the vaporizer to the ammonia supply pipe with the second on / off valve closed, the first on / off valve is closed, thereby creating a sealed space within the leak detection pipe to check for leaks. Furthermore, Patent Document 1 describes opening the third on / off valve after the leak detection and after the facility is shut down, thereby recovering any remaining ammonia gas in the ammonia supply pipe into a recovery tank.

[0007] Existing technical documents

[0008] Patent documents

[0009] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-178840 Summary of the Invention

[0010] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0011] However, in the gas turbine equipment described in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that unburned ammonia gas remaining in the ammonia supply pipe may be released into the atmosphere during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine.

[0012] In gas turbine equipment, it is desirable to prevent adverse situations caused by unburned fuel during emergency shutdown of the gas turbine. Adverse situations caused by unburned fuel include not only the release of ammonia into the atmosphere, but also the ignition of residual unburned hydrogen gas in unintended locations and at unforeseen times when the fuel is hydrogen.

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gas turbine device that can prevent adverse conditions caused by unburned fuel during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine.

[0014] Methods for solving problems

[0015] One aspect of the present invention provides a gas turbine device comprising: a fuel piping connected to a fuel supply device; a fuel supply piping connected to a burner of the gas turbine; a fuel processing piping connected to a fuel processing device for processing fuel; and a three-way valve having an inlet port connected to the fuel piping, a first outlet port connected to the fuel supply piping, and a second outlet port connected to the fuel processing piping.

[0016] Invention Effects

[0017] According to the present invention, a gas turbine device is provided that can prevent adverse conditions caused by unburned fuel during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas turbine device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and showing the main fuel supply system, the auxiliary fuel supply system, the fuel processing system, and the nitrogen supply system.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas turbine device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and showing the main fuel supply system, auxiliary fuel supply system, fuel processing system and water supply system.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed of a gas turbine and the fuel flow rate during normal operation of a gas turbine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a graph showing an example of the time-series change of the rotational speed of the gas turbine and the fuel flow rate during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of the switching control of a three-way valve performed by a control device.

[0023] Figure 6This is a flowchart illustrating another example of the switching control of a three-way valve performed by a control device.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing a schematic of the structure of a gas turbine device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing a schematic of the structure of a gas turbine device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a graph showing an example of the time-series change of the rotational speed of the gas turbine and the fuel flow rate during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of the control functions performed by a control device on a starting motor, a water supply system, and a fuel handling system.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing an outline of a gas turbine device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed of a gas turbine and the fuel flow rate during normal operation of a gas turbine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed of the gas turbine and the supply water flow rate during normal operation of the gas turbine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 14 This is a graph showing an example of the time-series change of the rotational speed of the gas turbine and the fuel flow rate during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 15 This is a graph showing an example of the time-series change of the rotational speed of the gas turbine and the supply water flow rate during an emergency stop of the gas turbine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 16 This is a variation of the invention and shows an example of a three-way valve installed on the upstream side of a manifold.

[0034] Figure 17 This is a variation of the invention and shows an example of a three-way valve installed on the downstream side of the manifold.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0036] 1…Compressor, 2…Turbine, 2N…Rotary speed sensor, 3, 3D…Burner, 3s, 3Ds…Computer compartment, 4…Generator, 5…Compressed air, 5a…Combustion air, 5b…Secondary combustion air, 5c…Dilution air, 6…Combustion gas, 8…Chimney, 9…Starter motor, 11, 102…Auxiliary fuel piping, 12, 18, 24, 54, 73, 104, 113…Flow control valves, 13, 19, 25, 57, 59, 74, 82, 105, 114, 119…Shut-off valves, 14, 20, 26, 29, 30, 34, 36, 56 75, 78, 83, 106, 115… On / off valves, 15… Main fuel supply piping (fuel supply piping), 16, 71… Main fuel supply equipment (fuel supply equipment), 17, 72, 117… Main fuel piping (fuel piping), 17Pa… Inlet pressure sensor, 17Pb… Outlet pressure sensor, 17T… Fuel temperature sensor, 23… Nitrogen piping, 31… Three-way valve, 31i… Inlet port, 31oa… First outlet port, 31ob… Second outlet port, 32, 77… Fuel processing device, 32T… Water tank, 33, 76… Fuel processing piping, 37…Control device, 38…Input device, 40…Inner cylinder, 41, 41D…Injector, 41a…Fuel nozzle, 41b…Rotator, 41Da…Liquid fuel nozzle, 42…Spark plug, 43…Outer cylinder, 44…End cover, 45…Inner cylinder cap, 46…Injection hole, 47…Injection hole, 48…Transition parts, 49, 49s…Spray nozzle, 50…Water manifold, 51, 51s…Water supply piping, 52…Water pump, 53…Pressure regulating valve, 55, 55s…Shut-off valve (water shut-off valve), 58…Second branch pipe, 80…Drain hole, 81…Drain piping, 98, 99…Spray Mist orifice, 101…outer cover, 118…first branch pipe, 140…ammonia concentration sensor, 150…manifold, Fag…ammonia fuel flow rate, Fb1…first branch water flow rate, Fb2…second branch water flow rate, Fk…kerosene fuel flow rate, Fla…liquid ammonia fuel flow rate, Fng…natural gas fuel flow rate, Fw…spray water flow rate, GT…gas turbine, S1, S1B, S1D…main fuel supply system, S2, S2D…auxiliary fuel supply system, S3, S3B, S3C…fuel processing system, S4…nitrogen supply system, S5, S5D…water supply system. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same structures in the various drawings, and detailed descriptions of repeated parts are omitted.

[0038] <First Implementation>

[0039] Reference Figures 1-5The gas turbine equipment 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas turbine device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and showing the main fuel supply system S1, the auxiliary fuel supply system S2, the fuel processing system S3, and the nitrogen supply system S4.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas turbine equipment 100 includes: a gas turbine GT; a starting motor 9 connected to the gas turbine GT and starting the gas turbine GT; and a housing 101 that houses the gas turbine GT and the starting motor 9.

[0042] The gas turbine GT includes: a turbine 2; a compressor 1 connected to the turbine 2, which generates compressed air (hereinafter also referred to as compressed air) 5 for combustion; and multiple combustors 3. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The diagram is illustrated using a burner 3 as an example.

[0043] The outer casing 101 is arranged to surround the outer periphery of the compressor 1, turbine 2 and multiple burners 3, and to prevent the spread of noise generated in the gas turbine GT.

[0044] The compressor 1 draws in and compresses external air, and supplies the compressed air (compressed air) 5 to the burner 3. The burner 3 generates high-temperature combustion gas 6 by burning the mixture of the compressed air 5 and fuel.

[0045] Turbine 2 uses the combustion gas 6 generated by burner 3 to generate rotational driving force. The rotating shaft of turbine 2 is connected to the rotating shaft of generator 4. Generator 4 uses the rotational driving force transmitted from turbine 2 to generate electricity. The combustion gas 6 that drives turbine 2 is released as exhaust gas 7 from chimney 8 to the outside of gas turbine equipment 100.

[0046] The gas turbine equipment 100 includes a main fuel supply system S1, an auxiliary fuel supply system S2, a fuel processing system S3, a nitrogen supply system S4, and a control device 37 for controlling each system. Additionally, the gas turbine equipment 100 includes a three-way valve 31, which has an inlet port 31i, a first outlet port 31oa, and a second outlet port 31ob.

[0047] It should be noted that the gas turbine equipment 100 includes multiple sensors, such as a rotational speed sensor 2N, which detects the rotational speed of the gas turbine GT and outputs a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 37. An input device 38, operated by an operator, is connected to the control device 37. The control device 37 controls multiple control valves based on the operation signals from the input device 38 and signals from the multiple sensors.

[0048] The control valves include shut-off valves 13, 19, 25, 55, and 55s (described later), flow regulating valves 12, 18, 24, 54, and 54s (described later), and a three-way valve 31. In this specification, the shut-off valve has a supply position (open position) with its internal passage open and a shut-off position with its internal passage closed. When the shut-off valve is in the supply position, fluid from the upstream side of the shut-off valve is supplied to the downstream side through the shut-off valve; when the shut-off valve is in the shut-off position, the supply of fluid from the upstream side of the shut-off valve to the downstream side is cut off. The flow regulating valve regulates the flow rate of the fluid passing through it by adjusting the opening area of ​​its internal passage.

[0049] The main fuel supply system S1 is a system that supplies ammonia, the main fuel, to the burner 3. The main fuel supply system S1 includes: a main fuel supply device 16 that supplies ammonia; a main fuel piping 17 connected to the main fuel supply device 16 and the inlet port 31i of the three-way valve 31; and an on / off valve 20, a shut-off valve 19, and a flow regulating valve 18, which are disposed on the main fuel piping 17. The first outlet port 31oa of the three-way valve 31 is connected to the main fuel supply piping 15. The main fuel supply piping 15 is connected to the burner 3 of the gas turbine GT. That is, the main fuel piping 17 is connected to the burner 3 via the three-way valve 31.

[0050] With the main fuel pipe 17 and the main fuel supply pipe 15 connected by a three-way valve 31, ammonia gas supplied from the main fuel supply device 16 to the main fuel pipe 17 is supplied to the burner 3 through the three-way valve 31 and the main fuel supply pipe 15.

[0051] The main fuel supply equipment 16 includes: a tank (not shown) for storing liquid ammonia; a pump (not shown) for pressurizing liquid ammonia; a vaporizer (not shown) for vaporizing the liquid ammonia pressurized by the pump; and a heating device (not shown) for preventing the vaporized liquid ammonia from liquefying.

[0052] An on / off valve 20, a shut-off valve 19, and a flow regulating valve 18 are sequentially installed from upstream to downstream of the main fuel pipeline 17, which supplies main fuel from the autonomous fuel supply equipment 16. The on / off valve 20 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the main fuel pipeline 17.

[0053] The shut-off valve 19 is a control valve that can open and close the main fuel pipe 17 according to a signal from the control device 37. The shut-off valve 19 is located between the main fuel supply device 16 and the flow regulating valve 18 in the main fuel pipe 17, and has a supply position for supplying fuel from the main fuel supply device 16 to the burner 3 and a shut-off position for cutting off the fuel supply from the main fuel supply device 16 to the burner 3.

[0054] The flow regulating valve 18 is a control valve that controls the flow rate of the main fuel, i.e. the flow rate of fuel (ammonia) supplied to the burner 3, by adjusting the opening area of ​​the main fuel pipe 17 according to the signal from the control device 37.

[0055] A fuel temperature sensor 17T and an inlet pressure sensor 17Pa are installed on the main fuel pipe 17, and an outlet pressure sensor 17Pb is also installed as needed. The fuel temperature sensor 17T detects the temperature of the ammonia gas and outputs a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 37. The inlet pressure sensor 17Pa detects the inlet pressure of the flow regulating valve 18 and outputs a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 37. Depending on the situation, the outlet pressure sensor 17Pb detects the outlet pressure of the flow regulating valve 18 and outputs a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 37.

[0056] The control device 37 controls the opening of the booster pump (not shown), heating device (not shown), and flow regulating valve 18 of the main fuel supply device 16 based on the temperature (also referred to as fuel temperature) detected by the fuel temperature sensor 17T, the pressure detected by the inlet pressure sensor 17Pa, the pressure detected by the outlet pressure sensor 17Pb depending on the situation, and the required flow rate of fuel supplied to the burner 3.

[0057] The fuel handling system S3 includes: a fuel handling device 32 that handles fuel (unburned fuel); a fuel handling piping 33 connected to the fuel handling device 32 and the second outlet port 31ob of the three-way valve 31; and an on / off valve 34 disposed on the fuel handling piping 33. The on / off valve 34 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the fuel handling piping 33.

[0058] The fuel processing device 32 includes: a water tank 32T containing water for dissolving ammonia introduced through the fuel processing piping 33; a water supply pump (not shown) supplying water to the water tank 32T; and a valve (not shown) controlling the flow rate of water supplied from the water supply pump.

[0059] Ammonia gas is directed to the fuel treatment unit 32 via fuel treatment piping 33. Ammonia gas has good water solubility. Therefore, if ammonia gas is directed into the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment unit 32, the ammonia gas dissolves in the water. The concentration of ammonia in the water tank 32T is adjusted by the fuel treatment unit 32 to a specified concentration (e.g., 20-25%) or below.

[0060] The auxiliary fuel supply system S2 is a system that supplies natural gas, which is used as auxiliary fuel, to the burner 3. The auxiliary fuel supply system S2 includes: an auxiliary fuel supply device 10 that supplies natural gas; an auxiliary fuel pipeline 11 that connects the auxiliary fuel supply device 10 and the burner 3; and an on / off valve 14, a shut-off valve 13, and a flow regulating valve 12, which are provided on the auxiliary fuel pipeline 11.

[0061] The auxiliary fuel supply equipment 10 includes: a tank (not shown) for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG); a pump (not shown) for pressurizing LNG; and a vaporizer (not shown) for vaporizing the LNG pressurized by the pump. The natural gas generated by the vaporizer is supplied to the auxiliary fuel pipeline 11.

[0062] A switch valve 14, a shut-off valve 13, and a flow regulating valve 12 are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream of the auxiliary fuel supply pipe 11, which supplies auxiliary fuel from the auxiliary fuel supply device 10. The switch valve 14 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the auxiliary fuel pipe 11. The shut-off valve 13 is a control valve capable of opening and closing the auxiliary fuel pipe 11 based on a signal from the control device 37. The flow regulating valve 12 is a control valve that adjusts the opening area of ​​the auxiliary fuel pipe 11 based on a signal from the control device 37, thereby controlling the flow rate of auxiliary fuel passing through the flow regulating valve 12.

[0063] The burner 3 is capable of stably burning both primary and secondary fuels. The control unit 37 operates the gas turbine GT in multiple operating modes. Among these operating modes are a natural gas-only combustion mode in which the burner 3 burns only natural gas, a co-combustion mode in which the burner 3 burns both ammonia and natural gas, and an ammonia-only combustion mode in which the burner 3 burns only ammonia.

[0064] The nitrogen supply system S4 is a system that replaces the fuel remaining in the main fuel pipeline 17 of the main fuel supply system S1, the auxiliary fuel pipeline 11 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2, and the fuel processing pipeline 33 of the fuel processing system S3 with nitrogen. The nitrogen supply system S4 includes: a nitrogen supply device 22; a nitrogen pipeline 23 connected to the nitrogen supply device 22; and an on / off valve 26, a shut-off valve 25, and a flow regulating valve 24, which are disposed on the nitrogen pipeline 23.

[0065] Downstream of flow control valve 24, nitrogen line 23 is connected to main fuel line 17 via on / off valve 30. Downstream of flow control valve 24, nitrogen line 23 is connected to auxiliary fuel line 11 via on / off valve 29. Furthermore, downstream of flow control valve 24, nitrogen line 23 is connected to fuel treatment line 33 via on / off valve 36. On / off valves 29, 30, and 36 are manual valves capable of opening and closing nitrogen line 23.

[0066] The nitrogen supply equipment 22 includes: a tank (not shown) for storing liquid nitrogen; a pump (not shown) for pressurizing the liquid nitrogen; and a vaporizer (not shown) for vaporizing the liquid nitrogen pressurized by the pump. The nitrogen generated by the vaporizer is supplied to the nitrogen piping 23.

[0067] A nitrogen supply pipe 23, which supplies nitrogen from the nitrogen supply device 22, is provided with an on / off valve 26, a shut-off valve 25, and a flow regulating valve 24 sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream. The on / off valve 26 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the nitrogen supply pipe 23. The shut-off valve 25 is a control valve capable of opening and closing the nitrogen supply pipe 23 based on a signal from the control device 37. The flow regulating valve 24 is a control valve that adjusts the opening area of ​​the nitrogen supply pipe 23 based on a signal from the control device 37, thereby controlling the flow rate of nitrogen passing through the flow regulating valve 24.

[0068] The control device 37 controls various control valves (shut-off valves 13, 19, 25, 55, 55s, flow regulating valves 12, 18, 24, 54, 54s, three-way valve 31, etc.). The control device 37 consists of a computer equipped with processors such as CPU (Central Processing Unit), MPU (Micro Processing Unit), and DSP (Digital Signal Processor) 37a; non-volatile memory such as ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, and hard disk drive 37b; volatile memory 37c, also known as RAM (Random Access Memory); input / output interfaces; and other peripheral circuits. It should be noted that the control device 37 can be composed of one computer or multiple computers.

[0069] The non-volatile memory 37b stores programs, thresholds, mathematical formulas, data tables, etc., capable of performing various operations. In other words, the non-volatile memory 37b is a storage medium capable of reading programs that implement the functions of this embodiment. The processor 37a is an arithmetic device that expands the program stored in the non-volatile memory 37b onto the volatile memory 37c and executes operations, performing prescribed arithmetic processing on signals fetched from the input / output interface, the non-volatile memory 37b, and the volatile memory 37c according to the program.

[0070] The input section of the input / output interface converts signals input from the input device 38 and various sensors into signals that can be processed by the processor 37a. Furthermore, the output section of the input / output interface generates an output signal corresponding to the result of the processing by the processor 37a, and outputs this signal to various control valves (shut-off valves 13, 19, 25, 55, 55s, flow regulating valves 12, 18, 24, 54, 54s, three-way valve 31, etc.), pumps, etc.

[0071] In the three-way valve 31, as described above, the inlet port 31i is connected to the main fuel pipe 17, the first outlet port 31oa is connected to the main fuel supply pipe 15, and the second outlet port 31ob is connected to the fuel treatment pipe 33. The three-way valve 31 has a first position that connects the inlet port 31i to the first outlet port 31oa and disconnects the connection between the inlet port 31i and the second outlet port 31ob, and a second position that connects the inlet port 31i to the second outlet port 31ob and disconnects the connection between the inlet port 31i and the first outlet port 31oa. That is, the three-way valve 31 can selectively connect the inlet port 31i to either the first outlet port 31oa or the second outlet port 31ob. Therefore, in the event of an emergency stop of the turbine 2, by connecting the main fuel pipe 17 to the fuel treatment pipe 33 using the three-way valve 31, the ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel pipe 17 can be directed to the fuel treatment device 32.

[0072] In the case of a newly installed gas turbine unit using ammonia as the main fuel, the shut-off valve 19 and the flow regulating valve 18 are preferably located as close as possible to the burner 3. However, in the case of an existing gas turbine unit with an ammonia fuel system, for example, the ammonia (main fuel) supply unit 16 and the shut-off valve 19 and flow regulating valve 18 as auxiliary equipment are arranged at a location separate from the natural gas supply unit. If the ammonia (main fuel) supply unit 16 is located further away from the turbine 2 than the natural gas (auxiliary fuel) supply unit 10, the length of the main fuel pipe 17 from the shut-off valve 19 of the main fuel supply system S1 to the burner 3 is longer than the length of the auxiliary fuel pipe 11 from the shut-off valve 13 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2 to the burner 3.

[0073] The three-way valve 31 directs the ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel piping 17 (from the shut-off valve 19 to the three-way valve 31) to the fuel treatment unit 32 via the fuel treatment piping 33. Conversely, the ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel supply piping 15 is released to the outside of the gas turbine equipment 100, i.e., the atmosphere, via the burner 3, turbine 2, and chimney 8. Therefore, assuming the three-way valve 31 is positioned between the shut-off valve 19 and the flow control valve 18, i.e., closer to the main fuel supply unit 16 than the burner 3, the length of the main fuel supply piping 15 increases, thus increasing the amount of ammonia gas released to the atmosphere. Therefore, the three-way valve 31 is preferably positioned as close as possible to the burner 3.

[0074] In this embodiment, the three-way valve 31 is disposed between the flow regulating valve 18 and the burner 3. That is, the three-way valve 31 is disposed downstream of the flow regulating valve 18 in the main fuel pipe 17. Furthermore, the three-way valve 31 is disposed closer to the burner 3 than the flow regulating valve 18. In this embodiment, the three-way valve 31 is disposed inside the outer casing 101. This shortens the length of the main fuel supply pipe 15 connecting the three-way valve 31 to the burner 3. As a result, the amount of ammonia emitted into the atmosphere during an emergency shutdown of the turbine 2 can be kept low.

[0075] It should be noted that a manifold 150 (refer to) is provided in the main fuel supply pipe 15. Figure 16 Multiple burners 3 are connected to the manifold 150, and for this purpose... Figure 1 Not shown in the diagram. Manifold 150 has an annular space for supplying ammonia. Fuel is supplied from manifold 150 to multiple burners 3 respectively. That is, manifold 150 branches off to supply fuel to multiple burners 3.

[0076] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas turbine device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and shows the main fuel supply system S1, the auxiliary fuel supply system S2, the fuel processing system S3, and the water supply system S5. Figure 2 The diagram of control device 37 is omitted.

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, the burner 3 generates combustion gas 6 by mixing and burning compressed air 5 supplied from the compressor 1 with fuel supplied from the fuel system (main fuel supply system S1 and auxiliary fuel supply system S2). The burner 3 has an inner cylinder (liner) 40, a burner 41, a spark plug 42, an outer cylinder (sleeve) 43, and an end cover 44. The burner 3 is a pressure vessel that seals the inner cylinder 40, the burner 41, and the spark plug 42 using the outer cylinder 43 and the end cover 44, and is connected to the machine chamber 3s.

[0078] The inner cylinder 40 is a cylindrical component that forms a combustion chamber inside, and generates combustion gas 6 inside it. The burner 41 is located at the axial center position on the left end side of the inner cylinder 40 in the figure. It should be noted that an inner cylinder cap 45 is provided on the outer periphery of the burner 41.

[0079] The injector 41 has: a fuel nozzle 41a that injects fuels such as ammonia and natural gas; and a vortex 41b that is disposed on the outer periphery of the fuel nozzle 41a and generates a swirling flow.

[0080] The fuel nozzle 41a has an ejection hole formed according to the type of fuel. In this embodiment, the fuel nozzle 41a has an ejection hole 46 that is connected to the auxiliary fuel pipe 11 and used for ejecting natural gas, and an ejection hole 47 that is connected to the main fuel supply pipe 15 and used for ejecting ammonia.

[0081] It should be noted that in this embodiment, an example is described where the fuel nozzle 41a has nozzles 46 and 47 corresponding to the type of fuel, but the present invention is not limited to this. The nozzles of the burner 41 can also be a system. In this case, for example, a device (fuel switching device, fuel mixing device) is provided upstream of the burner 41 that can guide fuel supplied from each fuel system to the nozzles or can mix fuel supplied from each fuel system and guide it to the nozzles.

[0082] The outer cylinder 43 is disposed on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 40. The inner periphery of the outer cylinder 43 and the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 40 form a flow path (also referred to as an air flow path) for compressed air 5 to be introduced from one end opening of the outer cylinder 43. The other end opening of the outer cylinder 43 is blocked by an end cover 44.

[0083] Compressed air 5 generated by compressor 1 flows through chamber 3s in an annular airflow path formed by the outer cylinder 43 and inner cylinder 40 of burner 3. A portion of the compressed air 5 flowing within the annular airflow path is introduced as dilution air 5c into the interior of the inner cylinder 40 through a dilution orifice and mixes with combustion gas 6. A portion of the compressed air 5 flowing within the annular airflow path is introduced as secondary combustion air 5b into the interior of the inner cylinder 40 through a combustion orifice. The secondary combustion air 5b is used to burn fuel that has not been completely burned by the combustion air 5a (described later).

[0084] Additionally, a portion of the compressed air 5 flowing within the annular airflow path is introduced into the interior of the inner cylinder 40 as lining cooling air through the cooling holes provided in the inner cylinder cap 45. Furthermore, a portion of the compressed air 5 flowing within the annular airflow path is introduced into the interior of the inner cylinder 40 as combustion air 5a through the vortex generator 41b.

[0085] Combustion air (compressed air) 5a supplied to the inner cylinder 40 is mixed with fuel (ammonia, natural gas). The mixture of combustion air 5a and fuel is ignited and burned by spark plug 42 inside the inner cylinder 40. The resulting combustion gas 6 is supplied to turbine 2 through transition part 48 and drives turbine 2.

[0086] Combustion air (compressed air) 5a passes through cyclone 41b, thereby generating a swirling flow. By generating the swirling flow, the flame inside the inner cylinder 40 is stabilized.

[0087] The gas turbine equipment 100 of this embodiment includes a water supply system S5. The water supply system S5 is a system that reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas 7, a cause of air pollution, by spraying water into the combustion field of the burner 3, and increases the output by increasing the working fluid for the turbine 2. The water supply system S5 includes: a water supply piping 51 connected to a water tank 32T of the fuel processing unit 32 and the burner 3; a water pump 52, a pressure regulating valve 53, an on / off valve 56, a shut-off valve 55, and a flow regulating valve 54, all installed in the water supply piping 51; and a spray nozzle 49, described later.

[0088] In addition, the water supply system S5 includes: a water supply pipe 51s, which branches off from the water supply pipe 51 downstream of the water pump 52; an on / off valve 56s, a shut-off valve 55s and a flow regulating valve 54s, which are provided on the water supply pipe 51s; and a spray nozzle 49s, which will be described later.

[0089] Water pump 52 draws up ammonia water from the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment device 32 and discharges it. Water supply piping 51, 51s supplies the ammonia water discharged from water pump 52 to burner 3.

[0090] The on / off valve 56 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the water supply pipe 51. The shut-off valve (water shut-off valve) 55 is a control valve capable of opening and closing the water supply pipe 51 based on a signal from the control device 37. The shut-off valve 55 has a supply position for supplying ammonia from the water tank 32T to the burner 3 and a shut-off position for cutting off the supply of ammonia from the water tank 32T to the burner 3. Additionally, the on / off valve 56s is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the water supply pipe 51s. The shut-off valve (water shut-off valve) 55s is a control valve capable of opening and closing the water supply pipe 51s based on a signal from the control device 37. The shut-off valve 55s has a supply position for supplying ammonia from the water tank 32T to the burner 3 and a shut-off position for cutting off the supply of ammonia from the water tank 32T to the burner 3.

[0091] Flow regulating valve 54 is a control valve that adjusts the opening area of ​​water supply pipe 51 based on a signal from control device 37, thereby controlling the flow rate of ammonia water through flow regulating valve 54. Similarly, flow regulating valve 54s is a control valve that adjusts the opening area of ​​water supply pipe 51s based on a signal from control device 37, thereby controlling the flow rate of ammonia water through flow regulating valve 54s. Pressure regulating valve 53 adjusts the pressure (discharge pressure of water pump 52) within water supply pipe 51 based on a signal from control device 37.

[0092] A water manifold 50 and a plurality of spray nozzles 49 communicating with the water manifold 50 are formed on the end cap 44 of the burner 3. The water manifold 50 has an annular space for supplying ammonia water from the water supply pipe 51. The plurality of spray nozzles 49 are positioned opposite the cyclone separator 41b. The spray nozzles 49 spray the ammonia water supplied from the water supply pipe 51 into the combustion air (compressed air) 5a introduced into the cyclone separator 41b.

[0093] In addition, multiple spray nozzles 49s are formed in the machine room 3s and are connected to the inside of the machine room 3s. The spray nozzles 49s spray ammonia water supplied from the water supply pipe 51s into the interior of the machine room 3s.

[0094] Reference Figure 3 This describes an example of the normal operation method of the gas turbine GT in this embodiment. Figure 3 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT during normal operation of the gas turbine GT according to the first embodiment of the present invention, versus the fuel flow rate. It should be noted that the fuel flow rate includes the flow rate of natural gas supplied to the burner 3, i.e., the natural gas fuel flow rate Fng, and the flow rate of ammonia supplied to the burner 3, i.e., the ammonia fuel flow rate Fag.

[0095] Ammonia is more difficult to ignite than natural gas. Therefore, the gas turbine equipment 100 of this embodiment uses natural gas, which has higher reliability in terms of ignition and starting, to start the gas turbine GT, and then switches the fuel from natural gas to ammonia.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, the gas turbine GT utilizes the starting motor 9 (see reference) at point a. Figure 1 The gas turbine GT is started by performing a fuel removal operation at point b, which reaches a predetermined rotational speed, for a certain period of time to purge any remaining fuel. Afterwards, at point c, natural gas is supplied to burner 3 and ignited by spark plug 42.

[0097] Through ignition of the combustor 3, the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT increases from point c to point d, reaching the rated rotational speed at point d. The starting motor 9 disengages from the rotating shaft (rotor) of the turbine 2 during the increase in rotational speed from point c to point d. Therefore, at point d, which is the rated rotational speed, the turbine 2 rotates solely using the energy of the combustion gas 6 generated by the combustor 3.

[0098] After the gas turbine GT reaches its rated rotational speed Ng, the control device 37 increases the natural gas fuel flow rate Fng to a specified load level until point e. Afterward, the control device 37 operates the gas turbine equipment 100 in a natural gas-only combustion mode until point f.

[0099] After reaching point f, control device 37 gradually reduces the fuel flow rate of natural gas Fng and gradually increases the fuel flow rate of ammonia Fag. From point f to point g, control device 37 operates the gas turbine equipment 100 in a co-firing mode that supplies both natural gas and ammonia to the burners 3 and ignites both gases.

[0100] Control device 37 sets the natural gas fuel flow rate Fng to 0 (zero) at point g, and operates the gas turbine equipment 100 in ammonia-only combustion mode from point g. In ammonia-only combustion mode, only ammonia is burned by burner 3, thus reducing the amount of carbon dioxide contained in exhaust gas 7 compared to natural gas-only combustion mode.

[0101] After reaching point h, control device 37 gradually reduces the ammonia fuel flow rate Fag and gradually increases the natural gas fuel flow rate Fng. From point h to point i, control device 37 operates the gas turbine equipment 100 in a co-firing mode that supplies both natural gas and ammonia to the burners 3 and ignites both gases.

[0102] Control device 37 sets the ammonia fuel flow rate Fag to 0 (zero) at point i, and from point i onwards operates the gas turbine equipment 100 in a natural gas-only combustion mode that supplies natural gas only to burn the burner 3.

[0103] At point i, the fuel flow rate of ammonia, Fag, becomes 0 (zero), but there exists... Figure 1 There is a possibility that ammonia may remain in the main fuel line 17. Therefore, the operator closes valve 20 of the main fuel supply system S1 and valves 29 and 36 of the nitrogen supply system S4, and opens valves 26 and 30 of the nitrogen supply system S4. Then, the operator operates input device 38 and uses control device 37 to control flow regulating valve 24 and shut-off valve 25 of the nitrogen supply system S4, thereby supplying nitrogen to the main fuel line 17.

[0104] As a result, the ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel pipe 17 is pushed into the burner 3 by nitrogen gas. Although ammonia gas is introduced into the burner 3, the burner 3 is currently using natural gas for stable combustion. Therefore, the possibility of releasing a high concentration of ammonia gas into the atmosphere from the chimney 8 by burning ammonia gas in the burner 3 is low.

[0105] like Figure 3 As shown, control device 37 reduces the natural gas fuel flow rate Fng from point j, and sets the natural gas fuel flow rate Fng to 0 (zero) at point k. Consequently, at point l, the gas turbine GT stops.

[0106] In order to minimize damage to the gas turbine equipment 100 in the event of an abnormality such as a malfunction of the machine constituting the gas turbine equipment 100, the gas turbine equipment 100 has various protective functions.

[0107] For example, regarding fuel, it is considered that abnormal combustion may occur when the fuel pressure and temperature decrease. Therefore, when the control device 37 detects a decrease in fuel pressure and temperature, it uses shut-off valves 13 and 19 to cut off the fuel supply to the burner 3, causing the gas turbine GT to stop urgently.

[0108] Reference Figure 4 Here is an example of the emergency stop method for the gas turbine GT in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series change in the rotational speed of the gas turbine GT versus the fuel flow rate during an emergency stop of the gas turbine GT according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0109] Figure 4 The time series changes up to point g and Figure 3 Same. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the gas turbine unit 100 operates in ammonia-only combustion mode from point g. Figure 4 The diagram shows the situation where the gas turbine GT abruptly stops at point m due to the detection of some anomaly (e.g., the fuel temperature drops below a threshold).

[0110] When the emergency stop conditions described later are met, control device 37 switches to emergency stop mode and begins to cut off the supply of ammonia to burner 3 (point m) using shut-off valve 19. When the supply of ammonia is cut off, gas turbine GT stops.

[0111] Here, if Figure 1 If the three-way valve 31 shown is kept in a state that connects the main fuel pipe 17 to the main fuel supply pipe 15, then the ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel pipe 17 will be released to the outside of the gas turbine equipment 100 through the burner 3, turbine 2 and chimney 8.

[0112] In large-scale power generation facilities, it is generally believed that ammonia emissions are unlikely to be a problem due to atmospheric diffusion from taller chimneys. However, in small and medium-sized power generation facilities, which are often located adjacent to residential areas, it is desirable to minimize ammonia emissions from chimneys.

[0113] Therefore, in the operation of the gas turbine equipment 100 in this embodiment, in either the ammonia-only combustion mode or the mixed combustion mode, when the preset emergency stop condition is met, the control device 37 is linked to the switching action of the shut-off valve 19, which accompanies the emergency stop of the gas turbine GT, from the supply position to the shut-off position, causing the three-way valve 31 to switch from the first position to the second position. When the three-way valve 31 is in the second position, under the action of the three-way valve 31, the main fuel pipe 17 is connected to the fuel processing pipe 33, and the connection between the main fuel pipe 17 and the main fuel supply pipe 15 is cut off.

[0114] Reference Figure 5 The flowchart illustrates an example of the switching control of the three-way valve 31 performed by the control device 37 of this embodiment. Figure 5 The process shown in the flowchart is repeatedly executed in a prescribed control cycle during the operation of the gas turbine equipment 100.

[0115] The control device 37 executes a program stored in the non-volatile memory 37b, thereby functioning as a stop condition determination unit (abnormal detection unit) for determining whether the emergency stop condition of the gas turbine GT is met, a mode determination unit for determining the operating mode, a shut-off valve operation determination unit for determining the operation of the shut-off valve 19, a shut-off valve command unit for outputting commands to the shut-off valves 13 and 19 based on the determination results of the stop condition determination unit and the mode determination unit, and a three-way valve command unit for outputting commands to the three-way valve 31 based on the determination results of the shut-off valve operation determination unit.

[0116] like Figure 5 As shown, in step S100, the control device 37 determines whether the emergency stop condition of the gas turbine GT is met. That is, the control device 37 functions as a stop condition determination unit. The emergency stop condition of the gas turbine GT is met, for example, when an abnormal fuel temperature is detected.

[0117] Control device 37 determines whether the fuel temperature detected by fuel temperature sensor 17T is lower than a temperature threshold. If the fuel temperature detected by fuel temperature sensor 17T is lower than the temperature threshold, control device 37 determines that a fuel low temperature anomaly has been detected. If the fuel temperature detected by fuel temperature sensor 17T is higher than the temperature threshold, control device 37 determines that no fuel low temperature anomaly has been detected. The temperature threshold is pre-stored in non-volatile memory 37b.

[0118] In step S100, if an abnormal fuel temperature is detected, the control device 37 determines that the emergency stop condition has been met and proceeds to step S110. In step S100, if no abnormal fuel temperature is detected, the control device 37 determines that the emergency stop condition has not been met and proceeds to step S115.

[0119] In step S110, the control device 37 outputs commands to the shut-off valves 13 and 19 to switch them to the shut-off position, thus proceeding to step S120. It should be noted that the shut-off valves 13 and 19 controlled in step S110 differ depending on the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is about to be established. If the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is established is ammonia-only combustion mode, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 19 of the main fuel supply system S1 to the shut-off position. If the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is established is natural gas-only combustion mode, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 13 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2 to the shut-off position. If the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is established is mixed combustion mode, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valves 13 and 19 to the shut-off position in both directions.

[0120] In step S115, the control device 37 outputs a command to the shut-off valves 13 and 19 to maintain them in the supply position, thus proceeding to step S145. It should be noted that the shut-off valves 13 and 19 controlled in step S115 vary depending on the currently set operating mode. When the currently set operating mode is ammonia-only combustion mode, the control device 37 maintains the shut-off valve 19 of the main fuel supply system S1 in the supply position. When the currently set operating mode is natural gas-only combustion mode, the control device 37 maintains the shut-off valve 13 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2 in the supply position. When the currently set operating mode is mixed combustion mode, the control device 37 maintains both shut-off valves 13 and 19 in the supply position.

[0121] Thus, the control device 37 functions as a shut-off valve command unit (shut-off valve control unit) that keeps shut-off valves 13 and 19 in the supply position when the emergency stop condition is not met, and switches shut-off valves 13 and 19 to the shut-off position when the emergency stop condition is met.

[0122] In step S120, the control device 37 determines whether the shut-off valve 19 has switched from the supply position to the shut-off position. That is, the control device 37 functions as a shut-off valve operation determination unit to determine the operation of the shut-off valve 19.

[0123] In step S120, if it is determined that the shut-off valve 19 has switched from the supply position to the shut-off position, the process proceeds to step S130. In step S120, if it is determined that the shut-off valve 19 has not switched from the supply position to the shut-off position, the process proceeds to step S145.

[0124] In step S130, the control device 37 determines whether the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is about to be established is a natural gas-only combustion mode, a mixed combustion mode, an ammonia-only combustion mode, or a non-combustion mode. That is, the control device 37 functions as an operating mode determination unit to determine the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is about to be established. It should be noted that the non-combustion mode is an operating mode in which neither natural gas nor ammonia is supplied to the burner 3. In the non-combustion mode, starting operation based on the starting motor 9 is performed.

[0125] In step S130, if the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be either ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode, the process proceeds to step S140. In step S130, if the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be either natural gas-only combustion mode or non-combustion mode, the process proceeds to step S145.

[0126] In step S140, the control device 37 outputs a command to the three-way valve 31 to switch the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position. In step S145, the control device 37 outputs a command to the three-way valve 31 to hold the three-way valve 31 in the first position. When the processing of step S140 or step S145 ends, the current control cycle... Figure 5 The process shown in the flowchart has ended.

[0127] In this way, the control device 37 functions as a three-way valve command unit (three-way valve control unit). When the three-way valve command unit operates in the ammonia-only combustion mode or the mixed combustion mode, it keeps the three-way valve 31 in the first position when the shut-off valve 19 is kept in the supply position, and switches the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position when the shut-off valve 19 has switched from the supply position to the shut-off position.

[0128] Therefore, for example, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the gas turbine GT is operating in ammonia-only combustion mode, if the gas turbine GT is shut down urgently for some reason, the three-way valve 31 switches from the first position to the second position along with the switching action of the shut-off valve 19 from the normal position to the shut-off position. Thus, under the action of the three-way valve 31, the connection between the main fuel supply pipe 15 and the main fuel pipe 17 connected to the burner 3 is cut off, and the fuel processing pipe 33 connected to the water tank 32T of the fuel processing unit 32 is connected to the main fuel pipe 17.

[0129] Ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel line 17, from shut-off valve 19 to three-way valve 31, is directed through three-way valve 31 and fuel treatment line 33 into the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment unit 32. The ammonia gas dissolves into the water in the water tank 32T. The ammonia water in the water tank 32T is thus treated and managed in a manner that prevents it from exceeding the prescribed concentration.

[0130] According to the above implementation method, the following effects are achieved.

[0131] (1) The gas turbine equipment 100 includes: a main fuel piping (fuel piping) 17 connected to a main fuel supply device (fuel supply device) 16; a main fuel supply piping (fuel supply piping) 15 connected to a burner 3 of the gas turbine GT; a fuel processing piping 33 connected to a fuel processing device 32 for processing fuel; and a three-way valve 31 having an inlet port 31i connected to the main fuel piping 17, a first outlet port 31oa connected to the main fuel supply piping 15, and a second outlet port 31ob connected to the fuel processing piping 33.

[0132] According to this structure, by switching the three-way valve 31 during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT, the ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel line 17 can be directed to the fuel treatment unit 32, thus effectively suppressing the release of ammonia gas into the atmosphere. Furthermore, by switching the three-way valve 31 alone, the connection between the main fuel line 17 and the main fuel supply line 15 can be cut off, and the main fuel line 17 can be connected to the fuel treatment line 33. Therefore, it is unnecessary to provide multiple switching valves for switching the connection and disconnection of each of the lines 15, 17, and 33. Multiple switching valves are sometimes difficult to install near the gas turbine GT. In contrast, according to this embodiment, the three-way valve 31 can be easily installed near the gas turbine GT. As a result, the length of the main fuel supply line 15 can be shortened, thus reducing the amount of ammonia gas remaining in the main fuel supply line 15 released into the atmosphere during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT.

[0133] (2) The gas turbine equipment 100 includes a flow control valve 18 installed on the main fuel pipe 17 and regulating the flow rate of fuel supplied to the burner 3. A three-way valve 31 is installed between the flow control valve 18 and the burner 3. According to this structure, compared with the case where the three-way valve 31 is installed upstream of the flow control valve 18, the length of the main fuel supply pipe 15 can be shortened, and the amount of ammonia released into the atmosphere can be suppressed to a lower level.

[0134] (3) The three-way valve 31 is disposed inside the casing 101 housing the gas turbine GT. According to this structure, compared to the case where the three-way valve 31 is disposed outside the casing 101, the length of the main fuel supply pipe 15 can be shortened, and the amount of ammonia released into the atmosphere can be suppressed to a lower level. It should be noted that when it is difficult to install the three-way valve 31 inside the casing 101, by installing the three-way valve 31 adjacent to the casing 101, the length of the main fuel supply pipe 15 can be shortened, and the amount of ammonia released into the atmosphere can be suppressed to a lower level.

[0135] (4) The gas turbine equipment 100 includes: a shut-off valve 19 disposed between the main fuel supply device 16 and the flow regulating valve 18 in the main fuel piping 17, and having a supply position for supplying fuel from the main fuel supply device 16 to the burner 3 and a shut-off position for cutting off the fuel supply from the main fuel supply device 16 to the burner 3; and a control device 37 that controls the shut-off valve 19 and the three-way valve 31. The control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 19 from the supply position to the shut-off position, and switches the three-way valve 31 from a first position connecting the main fuel piping 17 and the main fuel supply piping 15 to a second position connecting the main fuel piping 17 and the fuel processing piping 33.

[0136] This structure allows the supply of ammonia (fuel) to the gas turbine GT to be cut off using the shut-off valve 19, and the ammonia (unburned fuel) remaining in the main fuel line 17 to be directed to the fuel treatment unit 32 via the three-way valve 31. As a result, compared to the case where the three-way valve 31 is switched from the first position to the second position after the shut-off valve 19 has been switched to the shut-off position (becoming fully closed), the amount of ammonia (unburned fuel) remaining in the main fuel line 17 released into the atmosphere can be suppressed to a lower level.

[0137] (5) The fuel supplied from the main fuel supply device 16 to the burner 3 via the three-way valve 31 is ammonia. The fuel treatment device 32 has a water tank 32T containing water for treating the ammonia introduced through the fuel treatment piping 33. According to this structure, the ammonia is dissolved and treated by the water in the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment device 32. The ammonia water generated by the fuel treatment device 32 is properly stored in the water tank 32T.

[0138] (6) The gas turbine equipment 100 includes: a main fuel supply system S1, which includes a main fuel supply device 16 as a fuel supply device for supplying ammonia as fuel; and an auxiliary fuel supply system S2, which includes an auxiliary fuel supply device 10 for supplying natural gas as fuel.

[0139] The control unit 37 operates the gas turbine GT in multiple operating modes. These operating modes include: an ammonia-only combustion mode, in which the burner 3 burns fuel from the main fuel supply system S1 and the auxiliary fuel supply system S2; a natural gas-only combustion mode, in which the burner 3 burns fuel from both the main fuel supply system S1 and the auxiliary fuel supply system S2; and a mixed combustion mode, in which the burner 3 burns fuel from both the main fuel supply system S1 and the auxiliary fuel supply system S2.

[0140] In the operation of the control device 37 in either the ammonia-only combustion mode or the mixed combustion mode, if a pre-set emergency stop condition is met, the shut-off valve 19 is switched from the supply position to the shut-off position, and the three-way valve 31 is switched from the first position to the second position. According to this structure, when ammonia is supplied to the burner 3 as fuel, in the event of an emergency stop of the gas turbine GT, the ammonia in the main fuel pipe 17 can be appropriately directed to the fuel processing device 32 via the operation of the three-way valve 31.

[0141] (7) The gas turbine equipment 100 is equipped with a nitrogen supply system S4 that supplies nitrogen to the main fuel supply system S1 and the auxiliary fuel supply system S2. According to this structure, when switching operating modes or stopping the gas turbine GT, nitrogen can be used to replace the fuel remaining in the piping of the main fuel supply system S1 and the auxiliary fuel supply system S2.

[0142] (8) The gas turbine equipment 100 is equipped with a water supply system S5, which has at least one of two ammonia supply systems: one ammonia supply system has a water supply pipe 51 for supplying ammonia from the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment unit 32 to the burner 3 and a spray nozzle 49 for spraying ammonia supplied from the water supply pipe 51 into the burner 3; the other ammonia supply system has a water supply pipe 51s for supplying ammonia from the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment unit 32 to the engine room 3s and a spray nozzle 49s for spraying ammonia supplied from the water supply pipe 51s into the engine room 3s. Waste costs are incurred when the ammonia in the water tank 32T is entrusted to an industrial waste treatment operator for proper treatment in an industrial waste treatment facility. According to this structure, energy can be effectively utilized by spraying the ammonia in the water tank 32T into the burner 3 or the engine room 3s. Furthermore, the amount of waste ammonia can be reduced, thus reducing waste costs.

[0143] The timing of ammonia spraying is explained. When spraying from nozzle 49, it is preferable to spray ammonia in a natural gas-only combustion mode. In many cases, the burner 3, which burns ammonia, supplies fuel and air separately to the inner cylinder (lining) 40 and burns them in a diffusion combustion manner. In diffusion combustion, the fuel temperature locally increases and more nitrogen oxides are produced. Therefore, by spraying ammonia from nozzle 49, the flame temperature is prevented from rising, and the production of nitrogen oxides can be expected to be suppressed. It should be noted that ammonia is readily soluble in water. Therefore, considering that if ammonia is sprayed from nozzle 49 during ammonia combustion, ammonia gas will dissolve into the ammonia water, affecting combustion performance, it is preferable to spray ammonia from nozzle 49s located in the combustion chamber 3s during ammonia combustion. The ammonia sprayed into the combustion chamber 3s evaporates before reaching the burner 41 of the burner 3, so the impact on the combustion characteristics of ammonia combustion is considered minimal.

[0144] <Modification 1 of the First Embodiment>

[0145] In the first embodiment, an example is described of determining whether the shut-off valve 19 has switched from the supply position to the shut-off position, and switching the three-way valve 31 to the second position when the shut-off valve 19 has switched from the supply position to the shut-off position (see [reference]). Figure 5 However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The control device 37 can also switch the shut-off valve 19 and the three-way valve 31 simultaneously when the emergency stop condition of the gas turbine GT is met.

[0146] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating another example of the switching control of the three-way valve 31 performed by the control device 37. Figure 6 In the flowchart, instead Figure 5 The flowchart steps S110, S115, S120, S140, and S145 are processed, and steps S241, S244, and S247 are executed. Figure 6 The process shown in the flowchart is repeatedly executed in a prescribed control cycle during the operation of the gas turbine equipment 100.

[0147] Figure 6 The processing in steps S100 and S130 is related to... Figure 5 The steps S100 and S130 are the same. For example... Figure 6 As shown, in step S100, if the emergency stop condition is determined to be met, the process proceeds to step S130; if the emergency stop condition is determined not to be met, the process proceeds to step S247.

[0148] In step S130, if the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be either ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode, the process proceeds to step S241. In step S130, if the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be either natural gas-only combustion mode or non-combustion mode, the process proceeds to step S244.

[0149] In step S241, the control device 37 outputs a command to the shut-off valve 19 to switch the shut-off valve 19 to the shut-off position, and outputs a command to the three-way valve 31 to switch the three-way valve 31 to the second position. Additionally, if the operating mode is a mixed-fuel mode as determined in step S130 before the emergency stop condition is about to be met, in step S241, the control device 37 outputs a command to the shut-off valve 13 to switch the shut-off valve 13 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2 to the shut-off position.

[0150] If the operating mode is natural gas dedicated combustion mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be met in step S130, in step S244, the control device 37 outputs a command to the shut-off valve 13 to switch the shut-off valve 13 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2 to the shut-off position.

[0151] In step S247, the control device 37 outputs commands to shut-off valves 13 and 19 to maintain them in the supply position, and outputs commands to three-way valve 31 to maintain it in the first position. It should be noted that the shut-off valves 13 and 19 controlled in step S247 vary depending on the currently set operating mode. When the currently set operating mode is ammonia-only combustion mode, the control device 37 maintains shut-off valve 19 of the main fuel supply system S1 in the supply position. When the currently set operating mode is natural gas-only combustion mode, the control device 37 maintains shut-off valve 13 of the auxiliary fuel supply system S2 in the supply position. When the currently set operating mode is mixed combustion mode, the control device 37 maintains both shut-off valves 13 and 19 in the supply position.

[0152] Thus, in the same manner as in the above embodiment, when the emergency stop condition is established and the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is established is the mode of using the burner 3 to burn the main fuel (ammonia) (ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode), the control device 37 of this modified example switches the shut-off valve 19 to the shut-off position and the three-way valve 31 to the second position.

[0153] According to this variation, the same effects as the above-described embodiments can be obtained. It should be noted that the above embodiments and this variation illustrate examples of controlling the operation of the shut-off valve 19 and the three-way valve 31 by taking into account the determination of the operating mode when the emergency stop condition is met, but the present invention is not limited to this. The control device 37 may also, when the emergency stop condition is met, output a command to the shut-off valve 19 to switch the shut-off valve 19 to the shut-off position and an command to the three-way valve 31 to switch the three-way valve 31 to the second position.

[0154] <Modification 2 of the First Embodiment>

[0155] In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the emergency stop condition of the gas turbine GT was met when an abnormal low fuel temperature was detected, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0156] The control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met if a combustion abnormality is detected in the burner 3. In the gas turbine GT, multiple combustion temperature sensors are circumferentially arranged within an annular flow path downstream of the turbine 2. These combustion temperature sensors detect the circumferential temperature distribution of the exhaust gas temperature from the gas turbine GT. The combustion temperature sensors are thermocouples or similar devices that detect the temperature (combustion temperature) of the exhaust gas from the burner 3 and output a signal representing the detection result to the control device 37. The control device 37 obtains the exhaust gas temperature using the multiple combustion temperature sensors and calculates the average value of the exhaust gas temperatures from the multiple combustion temperature sensors. The control device 37 compares the calculated average value with the exhaust gas temperatures from the multiple combustion temperature sensors. If the temperature deviation obtained by subtracting the exhaust gas temperature from the combustion temperature sensor from the calculated average value (i.e., the temperature deviation) is above a deviation threshold, the control device 37 determines that a combustion abnormality, such as flame loss, has been detected in the burner 3 at that location. Alternatively, the control device 37 can also compare the temperature changes of the combustion temperature sensors with other operating data to determine if a combustion abnormality has been detected.

[0157] In addition, the gas turbine GT is equipped with combustion temperature sensors that detect the combustion temperature of multiple burners 3. The combustion temperature sensors are thermocouples or the like that that detect the temperature of the injector 41 of the burner 3. If the value of the combustion temperature sensor of the injector 41 is below a threshold, the control device 37 determines that a combustion abnormality such as flame loss has been detected in the burner 3.

[0158] Thus, in a structure that directly detects the combustion state of the burner 3 based on the detection results of the combustion temperature sensor, it is believed that the time delay that may occur during the emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT can be suppressed.

[0159] Additionally, control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met when it detects a low fuel pressure anomaly (fuel pressure lower than a pressure threshold). Control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met when it detects a high exhaust gas temperature anomaly (exhaust gas temperature higher than a high temperature threshold). Control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met when it detects a low exhaust gas temperature anomaly (exhaust gas temperature lower than a low temperature threshold). Control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met when it detects an exhaust gas temperature deviation anomaly (exhaust gas temperature deviation higher than a deviation threshold).

[0160] The control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met if it detects an abnormal operation of the flow control valve 18. The control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met if it detects an abnormal shaft vibration value of the gas turbine GT that is higher than the vibration threshold. Furthermore, the control device 37 can also determine that an emergency stop condition has been met if it detects an abnormality in the following of the flow control valve regulating the fuel flow, fuel leakage, fire, etc.

[0161] In the event of multiple anomalies related to the fulfillment of the emergency stop condition, the control device 37 determines that the emergency stop condition is met if it detects at least one of the anomalies. Conversely, if the control device 37 does not detect all of the anomalies, it determines that the emergency stop condition is not met.

[0162] It should be noted that the anomaly detection method is not limited to using a single parameter. For example, anomalies in the fuel supplied to the burner 3 can also be detected based on the detection results of the inlet pressure sensor 17Pa, the outlet pressure sensor 17Pb, and the fuel temperature sensor 17T.

[0163] <Modification 3 of the First Embodiment>

[0164] In the first embodiment, an example of switching the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position during an emergency stop of the gas turbine GT is described, but the timing of switching the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position is not limited to an emergency stop.

[0165] For example, in the process Figure 1In the event of a leak check of the main fuel line 17 and fuel treatment line 33, the operator closes the on / off valve 34, and the operation input device 38 uses the control device 37 to switch the three-way valve 31 to the second position. Then, ammonia is supplied from the main fuel supply device 16 to the main fuel line 17. Ammonia is thus supplied from the main fuel line 17 to the fuel treatment line 33 via the three-way valve 31. After the leak check is completed, the operator closes the on / off valve 20 and opens the on / off valve 34. As a result, the ammonia in the main fuel line 17 and fuel treatment line 33 is directed to the fuel treatment unit 32.

[0166] <Second Implementation>

[0167] Reference Figure 7 The gas turbine device 100B of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the gas turbine device 100B according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the same reference numerals are used for structures that are the same as or equivalent to those described in the first embodiment; the main differences are explained. It should be noted that in... Figure 7 The outer cover 101 is omitted from the illustration, but the three-way valve 31 is disposed inside the outer cover 101 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[0168] In the first embodiment, a method for suppressing the release of ammonia into the atmosphere during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT in a gas turbine unit 100 that uses ammonia as fuel is described. In contrast, in this second embodiment, a gas turbine unit 100B that uses hydrogen as the main fuel to operate the gas turbine GT, instead of the ammonia described in the first embodiment, is described. It is known that using hydrogen as the main fuel can suppress carbon dioxide production in the same way as using ammonia.

[0169] However, in gas turbine systems that use hydrogen as fuel to operate the gas turbine GT, it is desirable to properly handle the hydrogen during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT. The flow path downstream of the combustor 3 in the gas turbine GT often has a complex shape. If the gas turbine GT shuts down suddenly, the air supply to the combustor 3 is also cut off, thus there is a possibility that hydrogen may remain inside the gas turbine GT. The more hydrogen remaining in the piping connected to the combustor 3 during an emergency shutdown, the higher the likelihood of hydrogen stagnation in the flow path within the gas turbine GT. If hydrogen with a wide flammability remains inside the gas turbine GT, there is a possibility of hydrogen ignition in an unintentional location and damage to the components of the gas turbine GT.

[0170] Therefore, in this second embodiment, the structure is configured such that, during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT, the flow of hydrogen remaining in the piping into the gas turbine GT is suppressed, and hydrogen is prevented from remaining inside the gas turbine GT. This will be explained in detail below.

[0171] In the gas turbine equipment 100B of the second embodiment, a main fuel supply system S1B is provided instead of the main fuel supply system S1 described in the first embodiment. The main fuel supply system S1B is a system that supplies hydrogen, which is used as the main fuel, to the burner 3. The main fuel supply system S1B includes: a main fuel supply device 71; a main fuel piping 72 connected to the main fuel supply device 71 and the inlet port 31i of the three-way valve 31; and an on / off valve 75, a shut-off valve 74, and a flow regulating valve 73, which are provided on the main fuel piping 72.

[0172] The main fuel supply equipment 71 includes: a tank (not shown) for storing liquid hydrogen; a pump (not shown) for pressurizing the liquid hydrogen; and a vaporizer (not shown) for vaporizing the liquid hydrogen pressurized by the pump. The hydrogen generated by the vaporizer is supplied to the main fuel line 17. The hydrogen supplied to the main fuel line 17 is supplied to the burner 3 through a three-way valve 31.

[0173] An on / off valve 75, a shut-off valve 74, and a flow regulating valve 73 are sequentially installed from upstream to downstream of the main fuel pipeline 72, which supplies main fuel from the autonomous fuel supply equipment 71. The on / off valve 75 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the main fuel pipeline 72.

[0174] The shut-off valve 74 is a control valve that can open and close the main fuel pipe 72 according to a signal from the control device 37. The flow regulating valve 73 is a control valve that adjusts the opening area of ​​the main fuel pipe 72 according to a signal from the control device 37, thereby controlling the flow rate of the main fuel, i.e., the flow rate of fuel (hydrogen) supplied to the burner 3.

[0175] The fuel handling system S3B includes: a fuel handling device 77; a fuel handling piping 76 connected to the second outlet port 31ob of the three-way valve 31; and an on / off valve 78 disposed on the fuel handling piping 76. The on / off valve 78 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the fuel handling piping 76.

[0176] The fuel processing device 77 is, for example, a burner that processes hydrogen through combustion. The fuel processing device 77 can also be a chimney that processes hydrogen before releasing it into the atmosphere. Hydrogen is directed to the fuel processing device 77 via a fuel processing pipe 76. By directing the hydrogen to the fuel processing device 77, the hydrogen is properly processed using the fuel processing device 77.

[0177] The gas turbine equipment 100B, like the first embodiment, includes a nitrogen supply system S4 that replaces the fuel remaining in the main fuel line 72, the auxiliary fuel line 11, and the fuel processing line 76 with nitrogen.

[0178] This section describes an example of the operation method of the gas turbine GT according to the second embodiment. As described above, in the gas turbine equipment 100B of the second embodiment, the main fuel supplied from the main fuel supply device 71 to the burner 3 via the three-way valve 31 is hydrogen. Hydrogen has a wider flammability range than natural gas, and there is a concern about reignition (explosion) in the flow path downstream of the burner in the event of ignition failure of the gas turbine. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, the gas turbine equipment 100B of the second embodiment sometimes uses natural gas to start the gas turbine GT, and then switches the fuel from natural gas to hydrogen. It should be noted that the operation method for stopping the gas turbine GT in the second embodiment is also the same as in the first embodiment.

[0179] That is, the gas turbine equipment 100B starts the gas turbine GT through operation in natural gas-only combustion mode, and then switches from natural gas-only combustion mode to co-firing mode (using burner 3 to burn hydrogen and natural gas simultaneously) to hydrogen-only combustion mode (using burner 3 to burn only hydrogen). When the gas turbine GT is stopped, the gas turbine equipment 100B switches from hydrogen-only combustion mode to natural gas-only combustion mode through co-firing mode.

[0180] It should be noted that after switching from the mixed combustion mode to the natural gas-only combustion mode, the operator closes the on / off valve 75 of the main fuel supply system S1B and the on / off valves 29 and 36 of the nitrogen supply system S4, and opens the on / off valves 26 and 30 of the nitrogen supply system S4. Then, the operator operates the input device 38 and uses the control device 37 to control the flow regulating valve 24 and the shut-off valve 25 of the nitrogen supply system S4, thereby supplying nitrogen to the main fuel piping 72. As a result, the residual hydrogen in the main fuel piping 72 is replaced by nitrogen.

[0181] The control device 37 of the second embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment. When the emergency stop condition is established and the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is established is the mode of using the burner 3 to burn the main fuel (hydrogen) (hydrogen-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode), the shut-off valve 74 is switched from the supply position to the shut-off position, and the three-way valve 31 is switched from the first position to the second position.

[0182] As a result, the fuel supply to the gas turbine GT is cut off by the shut-off valve 74, and the hydrogen remaining in the main fuel line 72 is directed to the fuel treatment unit 77 via the three-way valve 31. This allows the amount of hydrogen flowing into the burner 3 to be kept low during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT, thus reducing the risk of fire within the gas turbine GT.

[0183] It should be noted that before using hydrogen to drive the gas turbine GT, the hydrogen remaining in the fuel treatment piping 76 is replaced with nitrogen. Therefore, it is possible to prevent hydrogen from igniting inside the fuel treatment piping 76.

[0184] <Third Implementation Method>

[0185] Reference Figures 8-10 The gas turbine device 100C of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a gas turbine device 100C according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 The control device 37 is omitted from the illustration. It should be noted that the same reference numerals are used for structures that are the same or equivalent to those described in the first embodiment; the main difference is explained.

[0186] like Figure 8 As shown, the fuel handling system S3C of the gas turbine equipment 100C in the third embodiment, in addition to the fuel handling piping 33 and the on / off valve 34 described in the first embodiment, also includes: a discharge piping 81 connected to the burner 3 and the fuel handling device 32; and a shut-off valve 82 and an on / off valve 83, which are provided on the discharge piping 81.

[0187] The exhaust pipe 81 is connected to the exhaust port 80 formed in the outer cylinder 43 of the burner 3. The exhaust port 80 passes through the outer cylinder 43 of the burner 3 and connects the inner side of the outer cylinder 43 to the exhaust pipe 81. Normally, gas-burning burners do not have exhaust ports.

[0188] Reference Figure 9 as well as Figure 10 Here is an example of the emergency stop method for the gas turbine GT according to the third embodiment of this invention. Figure 9 Is with Figure 4 The same figure is an example of the time series variation of the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT and the fuel flow rate during an emergency stop of the gas turbine GT according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0189] The control device 37 of the first embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, when the emergency stop condition is met, the system switches to emergency stop mode, cutting off the supply of ammonia to burner 3 (point m) using shut-off valve 19. By cutting off the ammonia supply, the gas turbine GT stops. Since compressor 1 stops, the supply of compressed air 5 to burner 3 is also cut off.

[0190] In contrast, the control device 37 of this third embodiment is as follows: Figure 9As shown, during operation in either ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode, the gas turbine GT is rotated at a predetermined speed using the starter motor 9 for a certain period of time after the emergency stop condition is established. Additionally, during operation in either ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode, the control device 37 supplies ammonia water from the water tank 32T to the spray nozzle 49 through the shut-off valve 55 for a certain period of time after the emergency stop condition is established, and sprays ammonia water into the burner 3 from the spray nozzle 49.

[0191] Reference Figure 10 This is an example illustrating in detail the control of the starting motor 9, the water supply system S5, and the fuel processing system S3C performed by the control device 37. It should be noted that... Figure 10 The flowchart is obtained by extracting the processing related to the control of the starting motor 9, the water supply system S5, and the fuel treatment system S3C. The control of the shut-off valve 19 and the three-way valve 31 of the main fuel supply system S1 is the same as in the first embodiment, so its description is omitted.

[0192] Figure 10 The flowchart shown illustrates the processing that is repeatedly executed at predetermined control cycles during the operation of the gas turbine equipment 100. For example... Figure 10 As shown, in step S300, the control device 37 and Figure 5 In step S100, the emergency stop condition is similarly determined. In step S300, if the emergency stop condition is determined to be met, the process proceeds to step S330. The process of step S300 is repeated until a positive determination is made.

[0193] In step S330, the control device 37 and Figure 5 Similarly, in step S130, it is determined whether the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is about to be met is ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode.

[0194] In step S330, if the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be either ammonia-only combustion mode or mixed combustion mode, the process proceeds to step S350. In step S330, if the operating mode before the emergency stop condition is determined to be either natural gas-only combustion mode or non-combustion mode, then... Figure 10 The process shown in the flowchart has ended.

[0195] In step S350, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 82 of the discharge pipe 81 from the shut-off position to the supply position and starts the time measurement, thus proceeding to step S355.

[0196] In step S355, the control device 37 determines whether the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT detected by the rotational speed sensor 2N is less than the rotational speed threshold Na. In step S350, if it is determined that the rotational speed Ng is less than the rotational speed threshold Na, the process proceeds to step S360. The process in step S355 is repeated until a positive determination is made.

[0197] In step S360, the control device 37 starts the starting motor 9 and begins controlling its operation, proceeding to step S370. This imparts rotational torque to the gas turbine GT. The control device 37 controls the operation of the starting motor 9 in a manner that keeps the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT constant.

[0198] In step S370, the control device 37 determines, as in step S350, whether the time Tc at which the measurement started is above the time threshold Ta. The time threshold Ta is pre-stored in the non-volatile memory 37b of the control device 37.

[0199] In step S370, if it is determined that time Tc is above the time threshold Ta, the process proceeds to step S380. The process in step S370 is repeated until a positive determination is made.

[0200] In step S380, the control device 37 stops the operation of the starting motor 9 and proceeds to step S390. As a result, the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT decreases, and the gas turbine GT stops.

[0201] In step S390, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 55 of the water supply system S5 from the supply position to the shut-off position, and ends the process. Figure 10 The process is shown in the flowchart. As a result, the water spray into the burner 3 by the water supply system S5 stops.

[0202] Thus, in the operation of the control device 37 of this third embodiment in the ammonia-only combustion mode or the mixed combustion mode, when the emergency stop condition is met, the operation mode is switched to the emergency stop mode. When switching to the emergency stop mode, the control device 37, in the same manner as in the above embodiment, switches the shut-off valve 19 from the supply position to the shut-off position and switches the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position.

[0203] like Figure 9 As shown, at point m, when the control device 37 outputs a switching command to the cut-off position to the shut-off valve 19, the ammonia fuel flow rate Fag and the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine decrease sharply. At point n, the ammonia fuel flow rate Fag is cut off by the shut-off valve 19 and becomes 0 (zero).

[0204] Control device 37 monitors the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT. When the rotational speed Ng decreases below the rotational speed threshold Na, it drives the starter motor 9 to impart rotational torque to the gas turbine GT (point o). Control device 37 controls the operation of the starter motor 9 in a manner that keeps the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT at a constant value (e.g., Nc) from point o to point p. Control device 37 stops the operation of the starter motor 9 when a certain time Ta has elapsed since the time Tc from the establishment of the emergency stop condition (point p). With the operation of the starter motor 9 stopped, the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT decreases and becomes 0 (zero) at point q.

[0205] Thus, when the control device 37 of this third embodiment switches the shut-off valve 19 from the supply position to the shut-off position and the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position, it uses the starting motor 9 to rotate the gas turbine GT for a certain period of time, thereby supplying air to the combustor 3 and the turbine 2 using the compressor 1. This dilutes the concentration of ammonia gas remaining in the gas turbine GT. As a result, the ammonia concentration in the gas discharged from the chimney 8 is reduced, thus effectively suppressing the generation of malodorous gases.

[0206] Furthermore, in this third embodiment, the control device 37 continues to spray ammonia water from the spray nozzle 49 even after the emergency stop condition is met and the device switches to emergency stop mode. This allows the ammonia gas remaining in the burner 3 to dissolve into the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 49. The ammonia water, which has been injected into the inner cylinder 40 of the burner 3 and absorbed the ammonia gas, flows from the opening of the inner cylinder 40 into the annular flow path between the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 40, and is discharged through the discharge hole 80 to the discharge pipe 81. The ammonia water discharged to the discharge pipe 81 is recycled to the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment device 32.

[0207] Therefore, according to this third embodiment, the amount of ammonia gas discharged from the chimney 8 can be reduced compared to the first embodiment.

[0208] <Modification 1 of the Third Embodiment>

[0209] In the third embodiment, similar to variation 2 of the first embodiment, if multiple anomalies are considered related to the fulfillment of the emergency stop condition, the control device 37 determines that the emergency stop condition is met if it detects at least one of the multiple anomalies. Conversely, if the control device 37 does not detect all of the multiple anomalies, it determines that the emergency stop condition is not met.

[0210] It should be noted that if an abnormal shaft vibration value of the gas turbine GT is detected to be higher than the threshold, and the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT is maintained for a certain period of time using the starter motor 9 during an emergency stop, damage to the gas turbine GT may occur. Therefore, it is preferable that the control device 37 does not execute the control to start the starter motor 9 in the emergency stop mode when an abnormal shaft vibration is detected.

[0211] <Modification 2 of the Third Embodiment>

[0212] The control procedures for the starting motor 9, fuel treatment system S3C, and water supply system S5 in emergency stop mode are not limited to... Figure 10 The flowchart illustrates the process. For example, in the third embodiment, an example is described where the starting motor 9 and the water spraying by the water supply system S5 are stopped when the time Tc from the establishment of the emergency stop condition has passed the time threshold Ta. However, the timing of stopping the starting motor 9 and stopping the water spraying may also be different. The control device 37 may also stop the starting motor 9 when the time Tc has passed the first time threshold Ta1 and stop the water spraying when the time Tc has passed the second time threshold Ta2. Alternatively, it may not spray water depending on its operating state.

[0213] Furthermore, in the third embodiment, an example of measuring the time from the establishment of the emergency stop condition is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The control device 37 may also measure the time from the start of the starting motor 9 and compare it with a time threshold to determine the timing of stopping the starting motor 9.

[0214] <Fourth Implementation>

[0215] Reference Figures 11-15 The gas turbine device 100D of the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating a schematic representation of a gas turbine device 100D according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 The control device 37 is omitted from the illustration. It should be noted that the same reference numerals are used for structures that are the same or equivalent to those described in the first and third embodiments; the main difference is explained.

[0216] In the first and third embodiments, examples were described where the main fuel supplied to burner 3 was ammonia and the auxiliary fuel was natural gas. In the second embodiment, an example was described where the main fuel supplied to burner 3 was hydrogen and the auxiliary fuel was natural gas. In contrast, in the fourth embodiment, an example was described where the main fuel supplied to burner 3D was liquid ammonia and the auxiliary fuel was kerosene.

[0217] The gas turbine equipment 100D of the fourth embodiment includes a main fuel supply system S1D, an auxiliary fuel supply system S2D, a fuel processing system S3C, a water supply system S5D, and a three-way valve 31 connected to the main fuel pipeline 117 of the main fuel supply system S1D, the main fuel supply pipeline 15, and the fuel processing pipeline 33 of the fuel processing system S3C. It should be noted that the three-way valve 31 is positioned as close as possible to the burner 3D as in the above embodiment.

[0218] The main fuel supply system S1D is a system that supplies high-purity liquid ammonia as the main fuel to the burner 3D. The main fuel supply system S1D includes: a main fuel supply device 112 that supplies liquid ammonia; a main fuel piping 117 that connects the main fuel supply device 112 and the inlet port 31i of the three-way valve 31; and an on / off valve 115, a shut-off valve 114, and a flow regulating valve 113, which are disposed on the main fuel piping 117.

[0219] The main fuel supply device 112 includes a tank (not shown) for storing liquid ammonia and a pump for pressurizing the liquid ammonia. It should be noted that in this fourth embodiment, the liquid ammonia is supplied to the burner 3D without vaporizing it. Therefore, in this fourth embodiment, the vaporizer for the main fuel described in the first embodiment can be omitted, simplifying the main fuel supply system S1D. The liquid ammonia supplied to the main fuel piping 117 is supplied to the burner 3D via a three-way valve 31.

[0220] A main fuel pipe 117, which supplies main fuel from the autonomous fuel supply equipment 112, is provided with an on / off valve 115, a shut-off valve 114, and a flow regulating valve 113 in sequence from the upstream side to the downstream side. The on / off valve 115 is a manual valve that can open and close the main fuel pipe 117.

[0221] The shut-off valve 114 is a control valve that can open and close the main fuel line 117 according to a signal from the control device 37. The shut-off valve 114 is located between the main fuel supply device 112 and the flow regulating valve 113 in the main fuel line 117, and has a supply position for supplying fuel from the main fuel supply device 112 to the burner 3D and a shut-off position for cutting off the fuel supply from the main fuel supply device 112 to the burner 3D.

[0222] The flow regulating valve 113 is a control valve that controls the flow rate of the main fuel, i.e. the flow rate of fuel (liquid ammonia) supplied to the burner 3D, by adjusting the opening area of ​​the main fuel pipe 117 according to the signal from the control device 37.

[0223] The auxiliary fuel supply system S2D is a system that supplies kerosene, as an auxiliary fuel, to the burner 3D. The auxiliary fuel supply system S2D includes: an auxiliary fuel supply device 103 that supplies kerosene; an auxiliary fuel piping 102 that connects the auxiliary fuel supply device 103 and the burner 3D; and an on / off valve 106, a shut-off valve 105, and a flow regulating valve 104, which are disposed on the auxiliary fuel piping 102.

[0224] The auxiliary fuel supply equipment 103 includes a tank (not shown) for storing kerosene as an auxiliary fuel and a pump for pressurizing the kerosene.

[0225] A switch valve 106, a shut-off valve 105, and a flow regulating valve 104 are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream of the auxiliary fuel supply pipe 102, which supplies auxiliary fuel from the auxiliary fuel supply device 103. The switch valve 106 is a manual valve capable of opening and closing the auxiliary fuel pipe 102. The shut-off valve 105 is a control valve capable of opening and closing the auxiliary fuel pipe 102 based on a signal from the control device 37. The flow regulating valve 104 is a control valve that adjusts the opening area of ​​the auxiliary fuel pipe 102 based on a signal from the control device 37, thereby controlling the flow rate of auxiliary fuel passing through the flow regulating valve 104.

[0226] The fuel processing device 32 has the same structure as the first embodiment and includes: a water tank 32T, which stores water for diluting liquid ammonia introduced through the fuel processing pipe 33; a water supply pump (not shown) that supplies water to the water tank 32T; and a valve (not shown) that controls the flow rate of water supplied from the water supply pump.

[0227] like Figure 11 As shown, the basic structure of the 3D burner and the third embodiment (refer to...) Figure 8 The burner 3D of this fourth embodiment is the same, but the structure of the injector 41D is different. Instead of the fuel nozzle 41a described in the first embodiment, the injector 41D of the burner 3D of this fourth embodiment has a liquid fuel nozzle 41Da that is capable of spraying liquid fuel.

[0228] The liquid fuel nozzle 41Da has spray holes for each type of fuel. In this embodiment, the liquid fuel nozzle 41Da has a spray hole 98 that is connected to the auxiliary fuel pipe 102 and used for spraying kerosene, and a spray hole 99 that is connected to the main fuel supply pipe 15 and used for spraying liquid ammonia.

[0229] In the burner 3D, similar to the first embodiment, a spray nozzle 49 is provided to spray ammonia water into the combustion zone for the purpose of reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas 7. Additionally, in the engine room 3Ds, similar to the first embodiment, a spray nozzle 49s is provided to increase the output of the gas turbine GT. Ammonia water is supplied from the water tank 32T to the spray nozzles 49 and 49s.

[0230] Similar to the first embodiment, the water supply system S5D includes: a water supply piping 51 connected to the water tank 32T and the burner 3D of the fuel processing device 32; a water pump 52, a pressure regulating valve 53, an on / off valve 56, a shut-off valve 55, and a flow regulating valve 54, all installed on the water supply piping 51; and a spray nozzle 49. Additionally, the water supply system S5D includes: a water supply piping 51s branching off from the water supply piping 51 downstream of the water pump 52; an on / off valve 56s, a shut-off valve 55s, and a flow regulating valve 54s, all installed on the water supply piping 51s; and a spray nozzle 49s.

[0231] In this fourth embodiment, a shut-off valve 57 is provided downstream of the flow regulating valve 54 in the water supply piping 51. Like the shut-off valve 55, the shut-off valve 57 is a control valve capable of opening and closing the water supply piping 51 based on a signal from the control device 37.

[0232] A first branch pipe 118, branching from the water supply pipe 51, is provided downstream of the shut-off valve 57 in the water supply pipe 51. The first branch pipe 118 is connected to the main fuel supply pipe 15. A shut-off valve 119 is provided on the first branch pipe 118. The shut-off valve 119 is a control valve that can open and close the first branch pipe 118 according to a signal from the control device 37.

[0233] A second branch pipe 58, branching off from the water supply pipe 51, is provided between the flow regulating valve 54 and the shut-off valve 57 of the water supply pipe 51. The second branch pipe 58 is connected between the shut-off valve 114 and the flow regulating valve 113 in the main fuel pipe 117. A shut-off valve 59 is provided on the second branch pipe 58. The shut-off valve 59 is a control valve that can open and close the second branch pipe 58 according to the signal from the control device 37.

[0234] In the burner 3D, similar to the third embodiment, a discharge port 80 is provided. The discharge port 80 is connected to the discharge pipe 81 of the fuel handling system S3C, just as in the third embodiment.

[0235] The burner 3D is capable of stably burning both primary and secondary fuels. The control device 37 controls each control valve according to the set operating mode. Among the operating modes are a kerosene-only combustion mode in which the burner 3D burns only kerosene, a co-combustion mode in which the burner 3D burns both liquid ammonia and kerosene, and a liquid ammonia-only combustion mode in which the burner 3D burns only liquid ammonia.

[0236] An ammonia concentration sensor 140 is installed in the exhaust pipe connecting turbine 2 and chimney 8. The ammonia concentration sensor 140 detects the concentration of ammonia in the exhaust gas 7 of gas turbine GT and outputs a signal indicating the detection result to control device 37. If the control device 37 detects an abnormal ammonia concentration, it switches to an operation mode that reduces the ammonia concentration, or determines that an emergency stop condition has been met, depending on the situation. The control device 37 determines that an ammonia concentration abnormality has been detected when the ammonia concentration detected by the ammonia concentration sensor 140 is higher than the concentration threshold.

[0237] When the ammonia concentration in the exhaust gas 7 is higher than the concentration threshold, the control device 37 switches to an operation mode that reduces the ammonia concentration, or, depending on the situation, causes an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT. This reduces the amount of ammonia released from the chimney 8 into the atmosphere.

[0238] Reference Figure 12 as well as Figure 13 Here is an example of the operation method of the gas turbine GT in this embodiment. Figure 12 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT during normal operation of the gas turbine GT according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, versus the fuel flow rate. It should be noted that the fuel flow rate includes the flow rate of kerosene supplied to the burner 3D, i.e., the kerosene fuel flow rate Fk, and the flow rate of liquid ammonia supplied to the burner 3D, i.e., the liquid ammonia fuel flow rate Flaa.

[0239] Liquid ammonia is less flammable than kerosene. Therefore, the gas turbine equipment 100D of this fourth embodiment uses kerosene, which has higher reliability in terms of ignition and starting, to start the gas turbine GT, and then switches the fuel from kerosene to liquid ammonia.

[0240] like Figure 12 As shown, the gas turbine GT starts at point a via the starting motor 9 (refer to...). Figure 11 The gas turbine is started up. At point b, when the gas turbine GT reaches the specified rotational speed, a process to purge any remaining fuel is performed for a certain period. Afterward, at point c, kerosene is supplied to the burner 3D and ignited by the spark plug 42.

[0241] Through ignition by the combustor 3D, the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT increases from point c to point d, reaching the rated rotational speed at point d. The starting motor 9 disengages from the rotating shaft (rotor) of the turbine 2 during the increase in rotational speed from point c to point d. Therefore, at point d, which is the rated rotational speed, the turbine 2 rotates solely using the energy of the combustion gas 6 generated by the combustor 3D.

[0242] After the gas turbine GT reaches its rated rotational speed Ng, control device 37 increases the kerosene fuel flow rate Fk to a specified load until point ee. Afterward, control device 37 operates the gas turbine equipment 100D in kerosene-only combustion mode until point ff.

[0243] After reaching point ff, control device 37 gradually reduces the fuel flow rate Fk of kerosene and gradually increases the fuel flow rate Fla of liquid ammonia. From point ff to point gg, control device 37 operates gas turbine equipment 100D in a co-firing mode, supplying both kerosene and liquid ammonia to burners 3D and igniting both.

[0244] Control device 37 sets the kerosene fuel flow rate Fk to 0 (zero) at point gg, and operates the gas turbine equipment 100D in liquid ammonia-only combustion mode from point gg onwards. In liquid ammonia-only combustion mode, only liquid ammonia is burned by burner 3D, thus reducing the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas 7 compared to kerosene-only combustion mode.

[0245] After reaching point hh, control device 37 gradually reduces the fuel flow rate of liquid ammonia Fla and gradually increases the fuel flow rate of kerosene Fk. From point hh to point ii, control device 37 operates gas turbine equipment 100D in a co-firing mode, supplying both kerosene and liquid ammonia to the burners 3D and igniting both.

[0246] Control device 37 sets the fuel flow rate of liquid ammonia Fla to 0 (zero) at point ii, and from point ii onwards operates the gas turbine equipment 100D in a kerosene-only combustion mode that supplies only kerosene to the burner 3D and ignites it.

[0247] Control device 37 reduces the kerosene fuel flow rate Fk starting from point jj, and sets the kerosene fuel flow rate Fk to 0 (zero) at point kk. Consequently, at point l, the gas turbine GT stops.

[0248] Next, refer to Figure 13 This will be used to explain the water spray treatment and water replacement treatment performed by the water supply system S5D to the burner 3D. Figure 13 This is a graph illustrating an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT during normal operation of the gas turbine GT according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the supply water flow rate. It should be noted that the supply water flow rate includes the flow rate of ammonia water sprayed from nozzle 49 and nozzle 49s (i.e., spray water flow rate Fw), the flow rate of ammonia water supplied from the first branch pipe 118 to the main fuel supply pipe 15 (i.e., first branch water flow rate Fb1), and the flow rate of ammonia water supplied from the second branch pipe 58 to the main fuel supply pipe 117 (i.e., second branch water flow rate Fb2).

[0249] The ammonia water supplied from the first branch pipe 118 to the main fuel supply pipe 15 is mixed with the liquid ammonia remaining in the main fuel supply pipe 15 and sprayed from the liquid fuel nozzle 41Da.

[0250] like Figure 13 As shown, the control device 37, for example, starts spraying ammonia water from the spray nozzle 49 and spray nozzle 49s at point r, between the start of kerosene supply to the burner 3D and the point where the kerosene fuel flow rate Fk reaches its maximum value. The spray water flow rate Fw increases from point r and reaches the controlled value at point s. The spray water flow rate Fw decreases from point t and becomes 0 (zero) at point u. The spray water flow rate Fw is preferably controlled according to NOx emission characteristics, etc.

[0251] It should be noted that the characteristics of the spray water flow rate Fw are not limited to Figure 13 The example shown can also be varied accordingly to the fuel flow characteristics of liquid ammonia. That is, it can also be set to characteristics such that the spray water flow rate Fw increases from point ff, reaches its maximum value at point gg, decreases from point hh, and becomes 0 (zero) at point ii.

[0252] Here, the method of spraying ammonia water from spray nozzles 49 and 49s is explained. The spray water flow rate Fw represents the total amount of ammonia water sprayed from spray nozzle 49, which is located at the end cap 44 of the burner 3, and spray nozzle 49s, which is located at the engine compartment 3s. It is preferable to spray ammonia water from spray nozzle 49 in kerosene-only combustion mode. In kerosene-only combustion mode, the combustion temperature inside the inner cylinder (liner) 40 locally increases, and the emission of nitrogen oxides increases. By spraying ammonia water from spray nozzle 49 into the combustion field, the combustion temperature is reduced, and the generation of nitrogen oxides can be expected to be suppressed. On the other hand, by spraying ammonia water from spray nozzle 49s, located at the engine compartment 3s, during liquid ammonia-only combustion, the working fluid for the turbine 2 is increased, and the output of the gas turbine GT can be expected to increase.

[0253] Thus, in this fourth embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, energy can be effectively utilized by spraying ammonia water from the tank 32T into the burner 3D. Furthermore, the amount of waste ammonia water can be reduced, thereby reducing waste costs.

[0254] Control device 37 at point hh (refer to) Figure 12 Between points 1 and 2, the shut-off valve 114 of the main fuel piping 117 is switched from the supply position to the shut-off position, and the three-way valve 31 is switched from the first position to the second position. The shut-off valve 114 completes the switching to the shut-off position at point 2. As a result, the amount of liquid ammonia sprayed into the burner 3D is minimized, and the concentration of ammonia in the exhaust gas 7 emitted from the chimney 8 is suppressed.

[0255] Furthermore, in this fourth embodiment, at point v, which coincides with the point hh where the fuel flow rate of liquid ammonia, Fla, begins to decrease, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 119 located on the first branch pipe 118 from the shut-off position to the supply position. As a result, the liquid ammonia remaining in the main fuel supply pipe 15 and the ammonia water supplied through the first branch pipe 118 are supplied to the liquid fuel nozzle 41Da.

[0256] Before the shut-off valve 114 of the main fuel supply line 117 switches to the shut-off position, ammonia is supplied from the first branch line 118 to the three-way valve 31 and the main fuel supply line 15. When the shut-off valve 114 switches to the shut-off position, there is no supply of liquid ammonia to the main fuel supply line 15. As a result, the interior of the main fuel supply line 15 is cleaned by the ammonia supplied from the first branch line 118.

[0257] It should be noted that the first branch water flow rate Fb1 increases from point v to point w, reaches a predetermined flow rate between point w and point x, and decreases from point x to point y. Between point w and point x, a predetermined flow rate of ammonia water is sprayed from the liquid fuel nozzle 41Da into the burner 3D, but the burner 3D uses kerosene for stable combustion. Therefore, the mixture of liquid ammonia and ammonia water from the first branch pipe 118 burns stably even when sprayed into the burner 3D. As a result, the concentration of ammonia in the exhaust gas 7 emitted from the chimney 8 into the atmosphere can be further suppressed.

[0258] It should be noted that, in Figure 13 In the example shown, the timing (point x) when the first branch water flow rate Fb1 decreases is the same as the timing (point t) when the spray water flow rate Fw begins to decrease, but the timing (point x) when the first branch water flow rate Fb1 begins to decrease and the timing (point y) when the first branch water flow rate Fb1 becomes 0 (zero) can be arbitrarily set.

[0259] In this embodiment, the shut-off valve 114 switches from the supply position to the shut-off position, and the three-way valve 31 switches from the first position to the second position. Therefore, the liquid ammonia remaining in the main fuel line 117 downstream of the shut-off valve 114 is guided to the fuel treatment device 32 through the three-way valve 31 and the fuel treatment line 33.

[0260] It should be noted that after the liquid ammonia is recovered to the fuel processing unit 32, liquid ammonia adheres to the inside of the fuel processing pipe 33 through which the liquid ammonia passes. Therefore, in the gas turbine equipment 100D of this fourth embodiment, as... Figure 11 As shown, a second branch pipe 58, which branches off from the water supply pipe 51, is connected downstream of the shut-off valve 114 in the main fuel pipe 117.

[0261] The control device 37 determines the moment when it considers the liquid ammonia to have stopped flowing into the fuel processing unit 32, i.e. Figure 13 At point vv, the shut-off valve 59 is switched from the shut-off position to the supply position. The second branch water flow rate Fb2 increases from point vv to point ww, supplying a prescribed flow rate of ammonia water to the main fuel line 117 between point ww and point xx. The second branch water flow rate Fb2 decreases from point xx and becomes 0 (zero) at point yy. The ammonia water supplied to the main fuel line 117 is supplied to the fuel treatment line 33 through the three-way valve 31 and is recovered in the fuel treatment unit 32. Thus, the high-purity liquid ammonia adhering to the main fuel line 117 and the fuel treatment line 33 is cleaned by the ammonia water.

[0262] Reference Figure 14 as well as Figure 15 Here is an example of an emergency stop method for a gas turbine GT according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a graph showing an example of the time-series change of the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT during an emergency stop of the gas turbine GT according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, versus the fuel flow rate. Figure 15 This is a graph showing an example of the time-series variation of the rotational speed Ng of the gas turbine GT during an emergency stop of the gas turbine GT according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention with the supply water flow rate.

[0263] Figure 14 The time series changes up to point GG and Figure 12 Same. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the gas turbine unit 100D operates in liquid ammonia combustion mode from point GG. Figure 14 The image shows the situation where the gas turbine GT stopped abruptly at point mm due to the detection of some kind of anomaly.

[0264] like Figure 14 As shown, when the emergency stop condition is met, the control device 37 switches to the emergency stop mode and begins to cut off the supply of liquid ammonia to the burner 3D (mm point) using the shut-off valve 114. At the nn point, the fuel flow rate of liquid ammonia Fla is cut off by the shut-off valve 114 and becomes 0 (zero). In addition, the control device 37 switches the shut-off valve 114 from the supply position to the cut-off position and switches the three-way valve 31 from the first position to the second position.

[0265] It should be noted that, similar to the third embodiment, the control device 37 of this fourth embodiment drives the starting motor 9 in emergency stop mode to make the gas turbine GT rotate at a predetermined rotational speed for a certain period of time (0 point to p point).

[0266] Figure 15 The time series change up to point s and Figure 13 Same. For example... Figure 15As shown, in this fourth embodiment, the control device 37 is linked to the switching operation of the shut-off valve 114 from the supply position to the shut-off position, causing the shut-off valve 119 to switch from the shut-off position to the supply position (mm point). Furthermore, after setting the shut-off valve 119 to the supply position for a certain period of time, the control device 37 returns to the shut-off position. As a result, the first branch water flow rate Fb1 increases from mm point to w′ point, becomes constant from w′ point to x′ point, and decreases from x′ point to y′ point. Therefore, it is possible to use ammonia water for flushing... Figure 11 The main fuel supply pipe 15 shown contains residual high-purity liquid ammonia, and can spray the ammonia water containing the liquid ammonia from the spray hole 99 into the inner cylinder 40.

[0267] Ammonia water supplied from the main fuel supply pipe 15 to the inner cylinder 40 through the spray hole 99 flows into the annular flow path between the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 40 from the opening of the inner cylinder 40, and then flows into the discharge pipe 81 from the discharge hole 80. The ammonia water flowing into the discharge pipe 81 is directed to the water tank 32T of the fuel treatment device 32. As a result, the amount of ammonia released from the chimney 8 into the atmosphere can be reduced.

[0268] The control device 37 determines the moment when it considers that the liquid ammonia between the shut-off valve 114 and the three-way valve 31 in the main fuel line 117 has stopped flowing to the fuel processing device 32 through the fuel processing line 33. Figure 15 At point vv′, the shut-off valve 59 is switched from the shut-off position to the supply position. Additionally, after setting the shut-off valve 59 to the supply position for a certain period, the control device 37 returns to the shut-off position. As a result, the second branch water flow rate Fb2 increases from point vv′ to point ww′, supplying a prescribed flow rate of ammonia to the main fuel line 117 between point ww′ and point xx′. The second branch water flow rate Fb2 decreases from point xx′ and becomes 0 (zero) at point yy′. The ammonia supplied to the main fuel line 117 is supplied to the fuel treatment line 33 through the three-way valve 31 and is recovered in the fuel treatment device 32. Thus, the high-purity liquid ammonia adhering to the main fuel line 117 and the fuel treatment line 33 is cleaned by the ammonia water.

[0269] As described above, in this fourth embodiment, an example is given where liquid ammonia is supplied from the main fuel supply device 112 to the burner 3D via the three-way valve 31. In this fourth embodiment, similarly to the embodiments described above, the three-way valve 31, located near the burner 3D, switches from a first position to a second position in conjunction with the switching action of the shut-off valve 114 from the supply position to the shut-off position. Therefore, in the event of an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine GT, the amount of ammonia gas released into the atmosphere due to the vaporization of liquid ammonia can be kept low.

[0270] The following variations are also within the scope of this invention.

[0271] <Variation Example 1>

[0272] In the first to third embodiments, examples of using natural gas as a secondary fuel were described, but other gaseous fuels besides natural gas can also be used as secondary fuels. Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, an example of using kerosene as a secondary fuel was described, but other liquid fuels besides kerosene, as well as gaseous fuels, can also be used as secondary fuels. Moreover, in the first to fourth embodiments, examples of fuel supply systems comprising a main fuel supply system and a secondary fuel supply system were described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Gas turbine equipment may also have three or more fuel supply systems.

[0273] <Variation Example 2>

[0274] The above embodiments describe a multi-cylinder gas turbine GT with multiple burners, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention can also be applied to a single-cylinder gas turbine GT with a single burner.

[0275] <Variation Example 3>

[0276] In the above embodiment, an example of providing a three-way valve 31 on the upstream side of a manifold connecting multiple burners was described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The three-way valve 31 can also be provided in the piping connecting the manifold to the burner 3. It should be noted that, as explained in the above embodiment, by providing a three-way valve 31 on the upstream side of the manifold, the number of three-way valves 31 can be reduced compared to providing a three-way valve 31 on the downstream side of the manifold. To minimize the release of ammonia into the atmosphere, it is desirable to position the three-way valve 31 in the main fuel supply piping 15 relatively near the manifold. On the other hand, when a three-way valve 31 is provided in the piping on the downstream side of the manifold, the release of fuel remaining in the manifold into the atmosphere can be suppressed. In either case, the ammonia remaining in the main fuel piping 17 can be directed to the fuel treatment device 32, thus effectively suppressing the release of ammonia into the atmosphere.

[0277] Here, in Figure 16 The diagram shows an example where the three-way valve 31 is positioned on the upstream side of the manifold 150. Figure 17 The diagram shows an example where a three-way valve 31 is positioned downstream of manifold 150. The gas turbine equipment includes multiple burners 3 (3a, 3b, 3c, ..., 3n), to which fuel is supplied via manifold 150 to the branches of burners 3a to 3n.

[0278] exist Figure 16In this example, a three-way valve 31 is provided at a location upstream of the manifold 150. In this example, the main fuel supply piping 15 is configured to include an inlet piping 15z, the manifold 150, and multiple branch pipes 15a, 15b, 15c, ..., 15n. The inlet piping 15z is connected to the first outlet port 31oa of the three-way valve 31 and the manifold 150, and directs fuel supplied from the main fuel piping 17 through the three-way valve 31 to the manifold 150. The manifold 150 supplies fuel from the branch pipes introduced by the inlet piping 15z to the multiple branch pipes 15a, 15b, 15c, ..., 15n. Multiple branch pipes 15a, 15b, 15c, ..., 15n are connected to manifold 150 and multiple burners 3 (3a, 3b, 3c, ..., 3n), supplying fuel from manifold 150 to the multiple burners 3 (3a, 3b, 3c, ..., 3n). According to this structure, compared to the case where three-way valves are installed on each branch pipe branching from manifold 150, the number of three-way valves and the number of pipes supplying unburned fuel to fuel processing device 32 can be reduced.

[0279] exist Figure 17 In this example, three-way valves 31 (31a, 31b, 31c, ..., 31n) are respectively installed on the branch pipes 17a, 17b, 17c, ..., 17n downstream of the manifold 150. In this example, the main fuel piping 17 is configured to include an inlet piping 17z, the manifold 150, and multiple branch pipes 17a, 17b, 17c, ..., 17n. Furthermore, the fuel processing piping 33 is configured to include multiple small-diameter pipes 33a, 33b, 33c, ..., 33n and a large-diameter pipe 33z with an inner diameter larger than these small-diameter pipes.

[0280] The inlet pipe 17z is connected to the main fuel supply device 16 and the manifold 150, and directs the fuel supplied from the main fuel supply device 16 to the manifold 150. The manifold 150 supplies fuel from the inlet pipe 17z to multiple branch pipes 17a, 17b, 17c, ..., 17n. The multiple branch pipes 17a, 17b, 17c, ..., 17n are connected to the manifold 150 and to the inlet port 31i of multiple three-way valves 31 (31a, 31b, 31c, ..., 31n). Multiple main fuel supply pipes 15 (15A, 15B, 15C, ..., 15N) are connected to the first outlet port 31oa of each of the multiple three-way valves 31 (31a, 31b, 31c, ..., 31n). Multiple small-diameter pipes 33a, 33b, 33c, ..., 33n are connected to the second outlet port 31ob of each of the multiple three-way valves 31 (31a, 31b, 31c, ..., 31n) to form a fuel processing piping 33. Multiple main fuel supply pipes 15 (15A, 15B, 15C, ..., 15N) are connected to multiple burners 3 (3a, 3b, 3c, ..., 3n). Multiple small-diameter pipes 33a, 33b, 33c, ..., 33n are connected to a large-diameter pipe 33z that forms the fuel processing piping 33. The large-diameter pipe 33z is connected to the fuel processing device 32. According to this structure, by switching multiple three-way valves 31 (31a, 31b, 31c, ..., 31n) from the first position to the second position, residual fuel in the main fuel piping 17, including residual fuel in the manifold 150 with a specified capacity, can be directed to the fuel treatment device 32, thereby further reducing the amount of ammonia released into the atmosphere.

[0281] The above-described embodiments and modifications are illustrative to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not limited to having all the described structures. Furthermore, a portion of the structure of a certain embodiment or modification can be replaced with the structure of another embodiment or modification. Additionally, the structure of another embodiment or modification can be added to the structure of a certain embodiment or modification.

[0282] For example, in the third embodiment, an example of using ammonia as the main fuel was described. However, in the third embodiment, hydrogen can also be used as the main fuel instead of ammonia. After the emergency stop condition is met, the gas turbine GT is rotated for a certain period of time using the starting motor 9, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration inside the gas turbine GT. As a result, compared to the second embodiment, it is more effective to prevent hydrogen ignition in unintentional locations.

[0283] Furthermore, in Variation 2 of the first embodiment, examples of various anomalies in which the emergency stop condition is met are described. The process of determining whether the emergency stop condition is met based on the various anomalies described in Variation 2 of the first embodiment can also be performed in the second to fourth embodiments in the same way.

[0284] As described above, and as illustrated in the embodiments and variations, the gas turbine equipment includes a three-way valve that connects a fuel supply line to a fuel supply device, a fuel supply line to a burner, and a fuel treatment line to a fuel treatment device. According to this configuration, when the gas turbine GT is shut off in an emergency, the three-way valve operates together with a shut-off valve on the fuel supply line, and the three-way valve connects the fuel supply line to the fuel treatment line, thereby enabling the supply of unburned fuel (ammonia, hydrogen, liquid ammonia, etc.) remaining in the fuel supply line to the fuel treatment device. With such a gas turbine equipment, adverse conditions caused by unburned fuel can be prevented during an emergency shutdown of the gas turbine.

Claims

1. A power generation device, wherein, The power generation equipment includes: Ammonia supply piping, which supplies ammonia gas or liquid ammonia as fuel from a fuel supply facility to a machine that burns the fuel for power generation; and Fuel processing piping that connects the ammonia supply piping to the fuel processing unit. The fuel processing device has a water tank for storing water used to process ammonia gas or liquid ammonia introduced through the fuel processing piping. The power generation equipment includes a water supply system comprising: a water supply piping that supplies ammonia water from the water tank of the fuel processing device to a machine for combustion removal; and a spray nozzle that sprays the ammonia water supplied from the water supply piping into the machine for combustion removal.

2. The power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The machine used to perform the combustion removal is a gas turbine burner.

3. The power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The ammonia supply piping includes: a fuel piping connected to the fuel supply equipment; and a fuel supply piping connected to a machine for burning the fuel. The power generation equipment includes a three-way valve, which has: an inlet port connected to the fuel piping; a first outlet port connected to the fuel supply piping; and a second outlet port connected to the fuel processing piping.

4. The power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The power generation equipment includes: A main fuel supply system, comprising a main fuel supply device as a fuel supply device for supplying ammonia as fuel; A secondary fuel supply system, which includes secondary fuel supply equipment that supplies natural gas as fuel; as well as The control device operates in multiple modes for power generation. The plurality of operating modes include: Ammonia-only combustion mode, which utilizes a machine for performing the combustion removal to burn fuel from the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system of the main fuel supply system; A natural gas dedicated combustion mode, which utilizes machinery for combustion removal to burn fuel from the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system; and The co-firing mode utilizes a machine for performing the combustion removal to combust fuels from both the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system. The water supply system has a water shut-off valve installed in the water supply piping and controlled by the control device. The control device supplies ammonia water from the water tank to the spray nozzle through the water shut-off valve in the natural gas dedicated combustion mode.

5. The power generation equipment according to claim 4, wherein, The power generation equipment includes a nitrogen supply system that supplies nitrogen to the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system.

6. The power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The power generation equipment includes: A main fuel supply system, comprising a main fuel supply device as a fuel supply device that supplies liquid ammonia as fuel; A secondary fuel supply system, which includes secondary fuel supply equipment that supplies kerosene as fuel; as well as The control device operates in multiple modes for power generation. The plurality of operating modes include: The liquid ammonia dedicated combustion mode utilizes a machine for performing the combustion removal to burn fuel from the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system of the main fuel supply system. A kerosene-only combustion mode, which utilizes a machine for combustion removal to burn fuel from the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system; and The co-firing mode utilizes a machine for performing the combustion removal to combust fuels from both the main fuel supply system and the auxiliary fuel supply system. The water supply system has a water shut-off valve installed in the water supply piping and controlled by the control device. The control device supplies ammonia water from the water tank to the spray nozzle through the water shut-off valve in the kerosene-only combustion mode.

7. The power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The power generation equipment includes: A main fuel supply system, comprising a main fuel supply device as a fuel supply device that supplies liquid ammonia as fuel; A secondary fuel supply system, which includes secondary fuel supply equipment that supplies kerosene as fuel; A branch pipe, which branches off from the water supply piping and connects to the main fuel supply system, and supplies ammonia water to the main fuel supply system; and A shut-off valve is provided on the branch pipe.

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