Method, apparatus and computer program

Abstract

There is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: determine information related to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second apparatus; and transmitting information related to the phase noise coherence period to the second device.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to EP application No. 23201285.6, filed on October 2, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] Various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure relate to a method, apparatus, system, and computer program, particularly but not limited to phase noise compensation. Background Technology

[0003] A communication network can be viewed as a facility that enables communication between two or more communication devices or provides communication devices with access to a data network. Mobile or wireless communication networks are an example of communication networks. Communication devices may be served by application servers.

[0004] Such communication networks operate according to standards such as those provided by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute). An example of such a standard is the so-called 5G (fifth generation) standard provided by 3GPP. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will be described with reference to certain aspects. These aspects are not intended to indicate key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor are they intended to limit its scope. Other features, aspects, and elements will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure.

[0006] According to one aspect, a first apparatus is provided, the first apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: determining information related to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to the second apparatus; and transmitting the information related to the phase noise coherence period to the second apparatus.

[0007] The information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device may include one or more of the following: determining the time period in which the phase noise is coherent; determining the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent; and / or determining the information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device includes determining the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

[0008] Information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device may include: determining the time period in which the phase noise is coherent.

[0009] Determining the information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device may include: determining the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent.

[0010] Determining the information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device may include: determining the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

[0011] The information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device may include: for a defined time period, determining information about one or more phase noise coherence levels within the defined time period.

[0012] Information associated with a phase noise coherence period may include information about one or more phase noise coherence levels associated with that period.

[0013] Phase noise coherence level can be associated with one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0014] Information associated with phase noise coherence periods can be associated with one or more of the following: one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0015] Information that determines the phase noise coherence period associated with the signal received from the second device may be based on one or more of the configuration of the first device or the hardware of the first device.

[0016] The configuration of the first device may include one or more of the bandwidth and subcarrier spacing.

[0017] The hardware of the first device may include one or more local oscillators.

[0018] Information associated with the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second device may include: information about the buffer capacity in the first device that can be used for phase noise compensation.

[0019] The first device can be made to receive information from the second device related to the time period used for phase noise compensation.

[0020] The first device can be configured to perform phase noise compensation on one or more of the signals received from or sent to the second device using multiple signals received from the second device at different times within a time period for phase noise compensation.

[0021] The first device can be configured to perform control of the first device to avoid one or more events that alter the phase noise coherence during the time period used for phase noise compensation.

[0022] The first device can be configured to execute one or more events that determine a change in phase noise coherence within a time period used for phase noise compensation, and in response, send information to the second device indicating that the phase noise coherence will change.

[0023] The first device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0024] If the first device is a user equipment, the second device can be an access node or a base station.

[0025] According to another aspect, a first apparatus is provided, comprising: a component for determining information related to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second apparatus; and a component for transmitting the information related to the phase noise coherence period to the second apparatus.

[0026] The component used to determine information may be used for one or more of the following: determining the time period in which the phase noise is coherent; determining the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent; and / or determining information associated with the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second device, including determining an validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

[0027] The component used to determine information can be used to determine the time period in which phase noise is coherent.

[0028] The component used to determine information can be used to determine the time-domain window in which phase noise is coherent.

[0029] The component used to determine the information can be used to determine the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

[0030] The component used to determine information can be used to determine information about one or more phase noise coherence levels within a defined time period.

[0031] Information associated with a phase noise coherence period may include information about one or more phase noise coherence levels associated with that period.

[0032] Phase noise coherence level can be associated with one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0033] Information associated with phase noise coherence periods can be associated with one or more of the following: one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0034] The components used to determine information may be used to determine information associated with a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from a second device, based on one or more of the configuration of the first device or the hardware of the first device.

[0035] The configuration of the first device may include one or more of the bandwidth and subcarrier spacing.

[0036] The hardware of the first device may include one or more local oscillators.

[0037] The component used to determine information can be used to determine information about the buffer capacity in the first device that can be used for phase noise compensation.

[0038] The first device may include a component for receiving information from the second device related to a time period used for phase noise compensation.

[0039] The first device may include components for providing phase noise compensation for one or more of the signals received from or sent to the second device using multiple signals received from the second device at different times within a time period for phase noise compensation.

[0040] The first device may include components for controlling the first device to avoid altering one or more events during the time period for phase noise compensation.

[0041] The first device may include: components for determining one or more events that cause a change in phase noise coherence to be performed during a time period for phase noise compensation; and components for sending information indicating that the phase noise coherence will change to the second device in response.

[0042] The first device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0043] If the first device is a user equipment, the second device can be an access node or a base station.

[0044] According to another aspect, a method is provided, the method comprising: determining information related to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second device; and transmitting the information related to the phase noise coherence period to the second device.

[0045] The information to be determined may include one or more of the following: determining the time period in which the phase noise is coherent; determining the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent; and / or determining information associated with the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second device, including determining the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

[0046] Determining the information may include determining the time period in which the phase noise is coherent.

[0047] The determination information may include determining the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent.

[0048] The information to be determined may include determining the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

[0049] The information to be determined may include information about the level of one or more phase noise coherence levels within a defined time period.

[0050] Information associated with a phase noise coherence period may include information about one or more phase noise coherence levels associated with that period.

[0051] Phase noise coherence level can be associated with one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0052] Information associated with phase noise coherence periods can be associated with one or more of the following: one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

[0053] The determining information may include information related to the phase noise coherence period for a signal received from the second device, based on one or more of the configuration of the first device or the hardware of the first device.

[0054] The configuration of the first device may include one or more of the bandwidth and subcarrier spacing.

[0055] The hardware of the first device may include one or more local oscillators.

[0056] The information to be determined may include: information about the buffer capacity in the first device that can be used for phase noise compensation.

[0057] The first device may include a component for receiving information from the second device related to a time period used for phase noise compensation.

[0058] The method may include: using multiple signals received from the second device at different times within a time period for phase noise compensation to provide phase noise compensation for one or more of the signals received from or transmitted to the second device.

[0059] The first device may include components for controlling the first device to avoid one or more events that alter the phase noise coherence during the time period for phase noise compensation.

[0060] The first device may include: components for determining one or more events that cause a change in phase noise coherence to be performed during a time period for phase noise compensation; and components for sending information indicating that the phase noise coherence will change to the second device in response.

[0061] This method can be executed by a first device. The first device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0062] If the first device is a user equipment, the second device can be an access node or a base station.

[0063] According to another aspect, a second apparatus is provided, the second apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving from a first apparatus information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to the second apparatus; and using the information relating to the phase noise coherence period when applying phase noise compensation to one or more signals received from and / or transmitted to the first apparatus.

[0064] The second device can be made to perform the following action: send a request to the first device for information related to the phase noise coherence period.

[0065] The second device can be made to perform: using the information related to the phase noise coherence period to determine a time period for phase noise compensation for the first device; and sending information about the time period for phase noise compensation to the first device.

[0066] The second device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0067] When the second device is a user equipment, the first device can be an access node or a base station.

[0068] According to another aspect, a second apparatus is provided, the second apparatus comprising: a component for receiving from a first apparatus information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to the second apparatus; and a component for using the information relating to the phase noise coherence period when applying phase noise compensation to one or more signals received from and / or transmitted to the first apparatus.

[0069] The second device may include a component for sending a request to the first device for information related to the phase noise coherence period.

[0070] The second device may include: a component for determining a time period for phase noise compensation for the first device using the information related to the phase noise coherence period; and a component for sending information about the time period for phase noise compensation to the first device.

[0071] The second device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0072] When the second device is a user equipment, the first device can be an access node or a base station.

[0073] According to another aspect, a method is provided, the method comprising: receiving from a first device information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second device; and using the information relating to the phase noise coherence period when applying phase noise compensation to one or more signals received from and / or transmitted to the first device.

[0074] The method may include sending a request to a first device for information related to the phase noise coherence period.

[0075] The method may include: using the information related to the phase noise coherence period to determine a time period for phase noise compensation for a first device; and sending information about the time period for phase noise compensation to the first device.

[0076] This method can be executed by a second device. The second device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0077] When the second device is a user equipment, the first device can be an access node or a base station.

[0078] According to another aspect, a second apparatus is provided, the second apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving from a first apparatus information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to the second apparatus; using the information relating to the phase noise coherence period to determine a time period for phase noise compensation for the first apparatus; and transmitting to the first apparatus information regarding the time period for phase noise compensation.

[0079] The second device can be configured to send a request to the first device for information related to the phase noise coherence period.

[0080] The second device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0081] When the second device is a user equipment, the first device can be an access node or a base station.

[0082] According to another aspect, a second apparatus is provided, the second apparatus comprising: means for receiving from a first apparatus information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to the second apparatus; means for using the information relating to the phase noise coherence period to determine a time period for phase noise compensation for the first apparatus; and means for transmitting to the first apparatus the information regarding the time period for phase noise compensation.

[0083] The second device may include a component for sending a request to the first device for information related to the phase noise coherence period.

[0084] The second device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0085] When the second device is a user equipment, the first device can be an access node or a base station.

[0086] According to another aspect, a method is provided, the method comprising: receiving from a first device information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second device; using the information relating to the phase noise coherence period to determine a time period for phase noise compensation for the first device; and transmitting to the first device information regarding the time period for phase noise compensation.

[0087] The method may include sending a request to a first device for information related to the phase noise coherence period.

[0088] This method can be executed by a second device. The second device can be a user equipment or an access node.

[0089] When the second device is a user equipment, the first device can be an access node or a base station.

[0090] According to one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided, the medium including program instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform at least the method according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0091] The foregoing aspects have already referenced phase noise. Other aspects may be provided in which the reference to phase noise is replaced with a reference to jitter.

[0092] Many different embodiments have been described above. It should be understood that other embodiments may be provided by combination of any two or more of the embodiments described above. Attached Figure Description

[0093] Some exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, by way of non-limiting and illustrative examples only, in which:

[0094] Figure 1 This illustrates a representation of a fifth-generation communication system;

[0095] Figure 2 The following are illustrated according to some example embodiments. Figure 1 The representation of the access node (gNB) device of the communication system;

[0096] Figure 3 A representation of an apparatus according to some example embodiments is shown;

[0097] Figure 4 Components for converting radio frequency (RF) signals into intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband frequency (BB) are shown.

[0098] Figure 5 Components for converting an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband frequency (BB) signal into a radio frequency (RF) are shown.

[0099] Figure 6 Example processes of some embodiments are shown;

[0100] Figure 7 The PN coherence period is schematically illustrated;

[0101] Figure 8 Methods of some embodiments are shown;

[0102] Figure 9Methods of some embodiments are shown;

[0103] Figure 10 Methods of some embodiments are shown; and

[0104] Figure 11 Methods of some embodiments are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0105] In the following explanation, various exemplary embodiments are described with reference to communication devices capable of communicating with a communication system. Before explaining in detail embodiments of the methods and apparatus of this disclosure, please refer to… Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Briefly explain the fifth-generation communication system (5GS), its access network and core network (5GC), and communication equipment.

[0106] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a 5G communication system (5GS) is shown. The 5GS may include a User Equipment (UE) 300, an access network (NG-RAN) such as a 5G Radio Access Network (5G-RAN) or a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN), a 5G Core Network (5GC), and one or more application functions. Application functions may be deployed as trusted application functions within the 5GS, or they may be deployed or hosted on one or more application servers in the data network. Such application functions are untrusted application functions. The 5GS connects the UE to the data network via the access network and the 5GC (e.g., the 5GC's UPF).

[0107] 5G-RAN may include one or more radio access nodes, such as gNodeB (gNB) 100. gNB may include one or more gNodeB (gNB) distributed units connected to one or more gNodeB (gNB) centralized units.

[0108] 5GC can include the following network functions: Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF); Network Open Function; Network Repository Function (NRF); Policy Control Function (PCF); Unified Data Management (UDM); Application Function (AF); Authentication Server Function (AUSF); Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF); Session Management Function (SMF); and User Plane Function (UPF). Figure 1 Various interfaces (N1, N2, etc.) that can be implemented between various components of the system are also shown.

[0109] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the control Figure 1An example of a control device 200 for the functions of an access network (e.g., 5G-RAN or NG-RAN) is shown. The control device 200 may include at least one memory 211a, 211b, at least one processor 212, 213, and a network interface 214. The at least one memory may include at least one random access memory (RAM) 211a and at least one read-only memory (ROM) 211b. The at least one processor 212, 213 may be coupled to the RAM 211a and ROM 211b. The at least one processor 212, 213 may be configured to execute appropriate software code 215. Execution of the software code 215 may, for example, cause the device to perform operations for controlling the functions of the access network. The software code 215 may be stored in the ROM 211b. The control device 200 may interconnect with another control device 200 for controlling another function of the 5G-RAN or NG-RAN. In some embodiments, each function of the 5G-RAN or NG-RAN is deployed or hosted on the control device 200. In alternative embodiments, two or more functions of 5G-RAN or NG-RAN may share a single control device.

[0110] Figure 3 An example of a communication device 300 is illustrated, such as Figure 1 The UE 300 is shown. The communication device 300 can be provided by any device capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals. Non-limiting examples of the communication device 300 include user equipment, mobile station (MS) or mobile device (such as a mobile phone or so-called 'smartphone'), computer equipped with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB adapter), personal data assistant (PDA) or tablet computer equipped with wireless communication capabilities, machine-type communication (MTC) device, Internet of Things (IoT) type communication device, or any combination of these devices. The communication device 300 may include a transceiver for transmitting and / or receiving, for example, wireless signals carrying communication. Communication can be one or more of voice, email, text messages, multimedia data, machine data, etc.

[0111] Communication device 300 can receive wireless signals (e.g., wireless signals) via an air or wireless interface 307 through suitable means for receiving, and can transmit wireless signals via suitable means for transmitting. Figure 3 In the diagram, box 306 schematically represents a transceiver. Transceiver 306 may include, for example, a wireless component and an associated antenna arrangement. The antenna arrangement may be located inside or outside the mobile device and may include one or more antenna elements. The antenna arrangement may be a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna.

[0112] Communication device 300 may be equipped with at least one processor 301, at least one memory 302a, 302b and other possible components 303 for software and hardware-assisted execution of the tasks it is designed to perform, including control over the access network (e.g., Figure 1 This describes the access and communication with 5G-RAN or NG-RAN gNBs and other communication devices. At least one memory may include at least one ROM 302a and at least one RAM 302b. At least one processor 301 is coupled to RAM 302b and ROM 302a. At least one processor 301 may be configured to execute appropriate software code 308. The software code 308 may, for example, allow the execution of one or more operations of the communication device. The software code 308 may be stored in ROM 302a.

[0113] The processor, ROM and RAM, transceiver, and other circuitry of a communication device (e.g., a modem) can be integrated into a circuit board, chipset, or system-on-a-chip. The circuit board, chipset, or system-on-a-chip is indicated by reference numeral 304. The communication device 300 may optionally have a user interface, such as a keypad 305, a touch-sensitive screen or touchpad, or a combination thereof. Depending on the type of communication device, one or more of a display, speaker, and microphone may be optionally provided.

[0114] It should be understood that these devices may include or be coupled to other units or modules, such as wireless components or wireless headends for transmission and / or reception. Although these devices are described as a single entity, different modules and memories may be implemented in one or more physical or logical entities.

[0115] refer to Figure 4 It shows some components used to convert a radio frequency (RF) signal into an intermediate frequency (IF) or a baseband frequency (BB). Mixer 320 mixes the received RF signal with a signal provided by a local oscillator (LO) 322 to provide an IF or baseband frequency signal.

[0116] refer to Figure 5 It illustrates some components used to convert an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband frequency (BB) signal into a radio frequency (RF) signal. Mixer 324 mixes the received IF signal or even the baseband signal with a signal provided by a local oscillator (LO) 326 to provide an RF signal.

[0117] Figure 4 and / or Figure 5 The arrangement can be set in UE 300 and / or gNB 100. UE and / or gNB can have more than one LO.

[0118] Commercial interest is increasing in carrier frequencies higher than those currently used for 5G (typically below 6 GHz). For example, there is growing interest in bands such as FR2 and sub-THz. FR2 ranges from 24.25 GHz to 71.0 GHz. Sub-Hertz bands range from 90 GHz to 300 GHz. 6G is also expected to use bands between 7 and 15 GHz.

[0119] The higher the frequency, the more pronounced the RF impairments may become. As the frequency used increases, phase noise (PN) may become even more significant.

[0120] Phase noise originates from, for example, multiple local oscillators (such as...) used to upconvert signals to radio frequency and downconvert radio frequency signals. Figure 4 and Figure 5 (As shown). Phase noise can be represented in the frequency domain as random fluctuations in the waveform phase, which correspond to time-domain deviations from the perfect period. Phase noise and jitter are two related quantities associated with a noisy oscillator. Phase noise is a frequency-domain view of the noise spectrum around the oscillator signal, while jitter is a time-domain measure of the timing accuracy of the oscillator's timing intervals. It should be noted that phase noise compensation is described below. However, other embodiments may provide jitter compensation.

[0121] Phase noise has been referenced in the following examples. However, it should be understood that one or more of the examples below can be used alternatively or additionally for jitter compensation. PN in OFDM-based systems (such as CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM) can have an impact in the form of a common phase error (CPE) shared by all subcarriers and / or inter-carrier interference (ICI) that can differ for each carrier. The impact of PN on performance can depend on the subcarrier spacing (SCS), for example, making the impact of ICI smaller for larger SCS. The impact of PN can also depend on the MCS, for example, making the impact more severe for higher MCS (modulation order and / or code rate). PN compensation may be necessary, especially at higher frequencies. PN compensation can at least partially compensate for the common phase error and ICI caused by PN.

[0122] The embodiments can be used with any suitable waveform. For example, the embodiments can be used in OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based systems (including DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)).

[0123] The PN spectrum can depend on the local oscillator(s) used. The effect of PN can depend on the signal bandwidth (or symbol rate) and other factors. PN can be modeled by a simple combination of correlated PN components(e.g., Wiener-type components and / or another suitable component) and uncorrelated components(e.g., white Gaussian PN). The threshold for the dominant factor between the uncorrelated components (e.g., Gaussian components) and the correlated components (e.g., Wiener components) can be approximated as: Where N is the number of symbols (samples), f c It is the oscillator angular frequency, and T is the symbol duration.

[0124] If the above conditions are met, then PN can be appropriately modeled as uncorrelated, for example, as Gaussian, since the uncorrelated component plays a dominant role. This may be the case for larger bandwidths (smaller symbol periods T). However, in lower frequency ranges, such as the band between 6 and 71 GHz, PN may be non-negligible and affect performance. PN can be primarily dominated by correlated components that change relatively slowly over time. Some usable bands are between 6 and 15 GHz or between 24.25 GHz and 71.0 GHz (sometimes referred to as FR2).

[0125] The effects of PN (e.g., ICI-related components) can be reduced by increasing SCS (subcarrier spacing), which increases the distance between consecutive subcarriers. However, in 6G development, it may be necessary to keep SCS as small as possible to maintain a reasonable CP duration, and instead increase the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) size with a smaller SCS to achieve higher bandwidth.

[0126] The correlated PN can be the dominant component at certain frequencies. For example, such frequencies can be between 6 and 71 GHz.

[0127] Some embodiments may involve using a reference signal or other signals to determine phase noise compensation. Other signals may be previously received, correctly decoded data symbols, such as those with a correct CRC code for the data. This can be used for correlated PN compensation. Some embodiments can be used where the correlated PN is the dominant component, while others can be used where the correlated PN is not dominant.

[0128] Some embodiments may utilize a reference signal. The reference signal may be a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS). The reference signal may be as described in version 18 of the 5G standard, or may take any other suitable form.

[0129] PTRS, as discussed in Release 18 of the 5G standard, can be provided in the data channel. If the network has already configured PTRS to exist in the data channel, the PTRS associated with a DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) port can be limited to the scheduling bandwidth and duration of PDSCH / PUSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel / Physical Uplink Shared Channel).

[0130] For example, for DFT-s-OFDM, the PTRS mode in each symbol can depend on the PRB (Physical Resource Block) allocation threshold (which can be configurable). This can be viewed as sample density. The PTRS temporal density (at the OFDM symbol level) can also be configurable. This can be viewed as temporal density.

[0131] The reference signal may be provided alternatively or additionally by previously received data symbols that have been correctly decoded (e.g., with a correct CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)).

[0132] The reference signal can be used to determine the phase noise components in the signal that can be compensated.

[0133] In some embodiments, PTRS or other reference signals may be provided only on the data channel. In other embodiments, PTRS or other reference signals may be used on the control channel. In some embodiments, PTRS or other reference signals may be used on both the data and control channels.

[0134] Some embodiments may allow the determination and / or indication of a time-domain window or PN validity timer for PN pre / post compensation on multiple symbols / slots of the same or different physical channels.

[0135] PN pre-compensation can be applied to a signal before it is transmitted. PN post-compensation can be applied to a signal after it has been received.

[0136] In some embodiments, a method is used at the UE and / or gNB to determine or indicate information related to a PN coherence period. This information may relate to a period of PN coherence, or a period within a given time period in which at least a given level of PN coherence exists. This information may be a PN-related period, a PN time-domain window, a PN duration, and / or a PN validity timer. Such a PN coherence period may span multiple physical channels and / or multiple symbols or time slots.

[0137] The PN coherence period is the time during which phase noise is coherent; that is, the period during which PN is relatively constant or changes relatively little. PN coherence can be determined to exist when the phase noise drift is less than a threshold, or when the phase noise correlation between different samples within this period at least meets a given threshold.

[0138] The PN coherence period can be defined by a timer that indicates the duration for which the PN coherence period is valid. This can be called the PN validity timer. The PN validity timer can be defined by a stop time and an optional start time.

[0139] The PN coherence period can be defined by a duration indicating how long the PN coherence period will last. This is the PN duration.

[0140] The PN coherence level defines the coherence level within a PN coherence period. This can be a measure of the variability of the coherence or correlation level within a PN coherence period. The PN coherence level can be defined by the correlation level of the phase noise within a PN coherence period.

[0141] The Time-Domain Window (TDW) defines a window in which phase noise is considered coherent, and within this window, phase noise compensation can be applied, for example, using two or more signals received within that time-domain window. The size of the TDW can be equal to or smaller than the size of the PN coherence period. Hardware limitations, such as buffer size, can be taken into account in the TDW.

[0142] This information, related to the PN coherence period, can be used to control the PN pre-compensation and / or post-compensation algorithms. During the PN coherence period, the current reference signal and one or more previous reference signals from the PN coherence period can be used to estimate and compensate the PN. Alternatively or additionally, the current and previously correctly detected data symbols can be used to estimate and compensate the PN. This can provide better coverage and / or improved data rates. This can avoid or reduce coverage and / or throughput degradation due to incorrect PN estimation using outdated PTRS or PTRS symbols. Some embodiments may allow for reduced PTRS or other reference signal overhead during the PN coherence period.

[0143] refer to Figure 6 The gNB 100 may request assistance information from the UE 300. The assistance information may relate to phase coherence. Phase coherence information may relate to the time at which phase noise is considered coherent. The gNB 100 requests assistance information to determine, indicate, and / or configure at least one of the following: Time-domain window, phase noise validity timer, or PN coherence period.

[0144] A time-domain window, phase noise validity timer, or PN coherence period can be considered as defining a time frame within which PN can be considered coherent, i.e., it does not change significantly or the change is within one or more thresholds. In the following text, the time frame within which PN can be considered coherent provides the time period used for PN compensation.

[0145] As shown by reference numeral 602 in the attached figure, the UE determines at least one of the following: UE PN coherence period; UE maximum PN validity timer; and / or UE capabilities related to the maximum buffer period for UE PN pre-compensation and / or post-compensation.

[0146] The time period / timer indication can be expressed by the number of OFDM symbols or time slots of a specific parameter set, the number of subframes, the absolute duration, the percentage of the reference TX (transmit) duration, or the proportion of the reference TX duration.

[0147] As shown by reference numeral 604 in the attached figure, the UE sends a phase coherence-related information response to the gNB. This response may include: the determined UE PN coherence period; the UE maximum PN validity timer; and / or UE capabilities associated with the maximum buffer period for UE PN pre / post-compensation. The report may be configured by the gNB to occur, for example, periodically or semi-statically. In some embodiments, the report may be configured as part of the UE capabilities.

[0148] As shown by reference numeral 606 in the attached figure, the gNB determines and configures the TDW, PN total coherence period, or PN validity timer for consideration when applying PN pre / post PN compensation at the UE and / or gNB. The PN total coherence period determined by the gNB can be based on its own PN coherence period as well as the UE's PN coherence period. In other words, the PN total coherence period is based on a joint consideration of the UE's PN coherence period and the gNB's PN coherence period.

[0149] As shown by reference numeral 608 in the attached figure, the UE receives from the gNB an indication of the determined TDW, PN total coherence period, or PN validity timer.

[0150] As indicated by reference numeral 610 in the attached figure, the UE attempts to maintain its PN consistency within the indicated TDW, PN total coherence period, or PN validity timer period. The UE attempts to avoid any events that could compromise PN consistency.

[0151] However, as shown by reference numeral 612 in the attached figure, the UE may need to perform events that disrupt its PN consistency.

[0152] In this situation, the UE can report or indicate to the gNB that such an event has occurred or will occur, as shown by reference numeral 614 in the attached figure.

[0153] gNB can return to the part of the process shown by reference numeral 600 in the attached figure.

[0154] Reporting or indicating an event that disrupts PN consistency may result in a reset or restart of the TDW, PN total coherence period, or PN validity timer.

[0155] The gNB can adjust the TDW / PN validity to take into account any reported events from the UE or its own events that disrupt PN consistency during the indicated PN TDW or validity timer period.

[0156] If the gNB is aware of the event before it occurs, the gNB can shorten the TDW / PN validity period. The gNB can notify the UE of the shortened period.

[0157] Figure 6 The arrangement can be modified so that the UE performs one or more actions of the gNB and the gNB performs one or more actions of the UE.

[0158] As mentioned earlier, the UE can determine the UE PN coherence period. For example, this PN coherence period can be the UE PN coherence period or the UE PN maximum validity period. This can be based on the UE LO currently in use.

[0159] The UE can determine the PN coherence period for a specific carrier frequency or band. This period is the time during which the UE can maintain PN coherence. For example, PN coherence can be PN consistency, phase continuity, and / or PN drift rate within a predetermined level or threshold. This period can be used for specific configurations, such as given BW and / or SCS.

[0160] For example, the UE determines the period during which the expected PN correlation between two predefined symbols or time slots (e.g., the first and the last) is greater than or equal to a first threshold X% (e.g., 90% correlation or other suitable value) as the PN coherence period. This provides the PN correlation level. This can be based on the UE's prior knowledge of its LO PN characteristics / model.

[0161] Alternatively or additionally, the PN correlation range is predetermined or configured by the gNB. In other words, the gNB defines a time period or duration, and the UE indicates the level of PN correlation that the UE can maintain within that time period. The UE can indicate its PN correlation level for a predefined / determined time period.

[0162] In some embodiments, a bitmap may exist, which can be used to indicate the PN correlation level to the gNB. The bitmap used can be configured by the gNB or defined by a standard specification. An example is provided below where the PN correlation level is defined as less than level 1, between level 1 and level 2, between level 2 and level 3, and greater than level 3. Each of these options is indicated by a different two-bit value, which is included in the message or signaling from the UE to the gNB. By way of example only, level 1 could be a PN correlation of 50% over a time period, level 2 could be a PN correlation of 80% over a time period, and level 3 could be a PN correlation of 90% over a time period. These values ​​are only examples. In other embodiments, there can be more than three levels.

[0163] Alternatively or concurrently, the UE determines and indicates a time period corresponding to a predetermined PN coherence level. In other words, the gNB defines the correlation level or range, and the UE indicates the time during which the UE can maintain the required PN correlation level, i.e., the PN coherence period. The UE can indicate its PN coherence period for a predefined / determined correlation level. In some embodiments, a bitmap may exist, which can be used to indicate the PN coherence period to the gNB. The bitmap used can be configured by the gNB or defined by a standard specification. An example is provided below where the PN coherence period is defined as less than duration 1, between duration 1 and duration 2, between duration 2 and duration 3, and greater than duration 3. Each of these options is indicated by a different two-bit value, which is included in the message or signaling from the UE to the gNB. By way of example only, the duration can be defined in terms of the number of time slots. For example, duration 1 can be 1 time slot, duration 2 can be 2 time slots, and duration 3 can be 4 time slots. These values ​​are only examples. In other embodiments, the duration can be defined in terms of OFDM symbol duration or seconds. In other embodiments, there can be more than 3 durations.

[0164] Alternatively or additionally, the UE indicates its PN drift rate. The UE may indicate the actual drift rate, or whether the drift rate is higher or lower than one or more drift rates, or whether the drift rate is within a defined range. In some embodiments, different drift rate ranges may be defined. Where different drift rate ranges are defined, different ranges can be defined via bit mapping in a manner similar to that discussed, for example, regarding the duration of the PN coherence level.

[0165] The drift rate can indicate the amount of change or drift of the PN relative to a unit of time (e.g., second, OFDM symbol period, time slot, coherence period, etc.). In some embodiments, the PTRS or other reference signal configuration can be adjusted by the gNB based on the indicated PN coherence information. For example, a high correlation level over a predetermined duration may allow the gNB to reduce the PTRS density (i.e., the desired number and / or distribution of PTRS). As another example, a low correlation level over a predetermined duration may require the gNB to increase the PTRS density.

[0166] The UE can provide the gNB with an indication that can be used to set the PTRS or other reference signal density. For example, this indication can have n values. Lower values ​​of the indication can indicate a low correlation level, and higher values ​​can indicate a high correlation level (and vice versa). As an example only, n can be 4, but n can be greater than or less than 4. This indication can be used in conjunction with one or more other factors to set the time density of the PTRS or other reference signal. One or more other factors can include MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) and / or RB (Resource Block) allocation and / or any other factors.

[0167] In some embodiments, the UE may recommend a PT-RS density or other reference signal density to the gNB. This recommended density may be associated with one or more of a given UE PN coherence period, a given validity timer, a given buffer period, etc. Similarly, the gNB may configure a PT-RS density or other reference signal density. This recommended density may be associated with one or more of a given PN coherence period, a given TDW, a given validity timer, etc.

[0168] For example, PT-RS density or other reference signal density can implicitly indicate information related to the PN coherence period. The PN coherence period can be one or more durations between two reference signals. For example, a recommended or configured time-domain PT-RS density for X OFDM symbol durations can implicitly indicate (X... The PN coherence period is defined as the duration of N OFDM symbols, where N is a predetermined value greater than or equal to 1.

[0169] The indicated PN coherence information can be used in pre-compensation and / or post-compensation algorithms to provide weighted PN estimates using the symbols within the PN coherence period.

[0170] For example, a PN estimate using a symbol with PTRS or another reference signal corresponding to a low PN coherence level can have a smaller weight compared to a current PN estimate using the most recent symbol with PTRS or another reference signal. For instance, the weight of the PN estimated in slot n-2 ≤ the weight of the PN estimated in slot n-1 ≤ the weight of the PN estimated in slot n. In contrast, at high PN correlation levels, the weights can be the same. At low PN correlation levels, one or more weights can be set to zero. This would apply to the most recently received symbols.

[0171] When determining information related to PN coherence, the UE may consider one or more of the following:

[0172] Information related to the LO / RF hardware—this information may include the UE's prior knowledge of its LO / RF software or PN characteristics, measurements performed by the UE, and / or data obtained from lookup tables stored on the UE. LO behavior may be assumed to be static, or it may be updated by the UE during the RF calibration phase. If the lookup table is stored on the UE, it may be updated as a result of the calibration phase.

[0173] The UE is known to have pre-configured networks, either the same or different, that may require changes to the LO frequency or potentially affect PN coherence. For example, this could be DTX / DRX (Discontinuous Transmission / Discontinuous Reception) configuration, EN-DC (E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Radio Access Network) New Radio Dual Connectivity), SSB (Synchronization Block) / PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) monitoring at different frequencies, etc.; and / or

[0174] TDD (Time Division Duplex) Slot / Frame Format

[0175] The PN coherence period can be considered as the UE-recommended: the maximum period for PN estimation used for pre- or post-compensation; or the UE's maximum PN validity timer.

[0176] UE PN coherence can be used to indicate that there are no known or transparent events (multiple) to the gNB that cause a sudden PN change.

[0177] Only the UE PN before and after the event that disrupts PN coherence is irrelevant.

[0178] PN coherence can be disrupted in one or more of the following ways:

[0179] The UE changes its local oscillator (LO). For example, in MIMO, multiple different antennas / panels can be equipped with different LOs, and the UE can switch to use another panel / antenna. The UE can support multiple antenna panels (multiple UE side / UE top / bottom) and select the most suitable one as needed. For example, when a panel is blocked (e.g., by the user's hand), the UE can switch to a different panel;

[0180] The UE performs a new RF calibration on its LO;

[0181] The UE performs PN pre-compensation on some transport or physical channels in the UL, but not on (multiple) other transport or physical channels, without providing indication to the gNB or coordinating with the gNB. This may be due to the UE's capabilities;

[0182] The UE is calibrated with the same LO to primarily transmit / receive with another cell / gNB / TRP (transmit / receive point) on a different carrier frequency; and / or

[0183] The UE uses the same LO to hand over the BWP (bandwidth portion). Different BW (bandwidth) sizes can have different PN characteristics. For example, a wider BW can have a less correlated PN, which results in a smaller PN validity period, and vice versa.

[0184] In some embodiments, a maximum UE buffer period for PN prediction compensation at the UE is considered. The maximum UE buffer period may be associated with the UE's configuration. In other embodiments, the UE buffer period may be applicable to any UE configuration.

[0185] The UE can indicate its maximum buffer capacity / duration for use in:

[0186] (Multiple) previously estimated PN symbols or (multiple) received PTRS symbols or correctly detected data symbols, which can be used for PN pre-compensation at the UE Tx; and / or

[0187] The received PTRS symbols or correctly detected data symbols can be used for PN post-compensation at the UE Rx.

[0188] The UE buffer period may be too short to cover the entire UE PN coherence period. In this case, the effective PN coherence period is shortened. This may result in the TDW being less than the PN coherence period, for example.

[0189] If this indication is not associated with each carrier frequency and / or other configurations (such as SCS, BW, etc.), the UE buffer period can be longer than the UE PN coherence period at some carrier frequencies. For example, the UE PN coherence period at higher FR2 or sub-THz frequencies can be shorter than the buffer period.

[0190] This buffer period is unnecessary / irrelevant for PN pre-compensation / post-compensation at gNB with greater buffering capacity.

[0191] Reporting the maximum buffer period for UE Tx PN pre-compensation can prevent the gNB from operating under worst-case assumptions (without pre-compensation) and thus maintain its optimal PN post-compensation in the presence of PTRS or other reference signals, and can consider conservative configurations to ensure successful reception (which may reduce the data rate).

[0192] The reporting of the maximum buffer period after UE Rx PN compensation can prevent gNB from performing blind PTRS density decisions (which cannot reduce overhead) or considering suboptimal configurations of time-domain signals and / or physical channels when PTRS density is present.

[0193] The UE can indicate its PN characteristics to the gNB. As an example, PN characteristics can be defined by one or more parameters or a set of parameters to specify the PN model or PN PSD (power spectral density). For example, the gNB can use this information to determine the UE's coherence time period.

[0194] PN characteristics may involve PN PSD (the variation of PN with frequencies near a specific carrier frequency); (multiple) PN variance; (multiple) PN level; PN slope; offset frequency; zeros / poles in the PN PSD model and their order; and / or other characteristics.

[0195] This instruction may refer to PN PSD models specified in 3GPP, such as the models defined in Section 4.2.3.1 of TS 38.808.

[0196] The gNB can consider Tx and / or RX LO to determine the total PN coherence period or the total PN maximum validity period. When the transmitter and receiver PN coherence periods are considered together, Tx and / or RX LO can change the total PN coherence period, for example, in the gNB and UE in UL / DL, or two UEs in a sidechain.

[0197] The total PN coherence period considering Tx and Rx LO can be equal to or less than the UE PN coherence period indicated by the UE, or determined according to the PN drift rate indicated by the UE as previously described.

[0198] When considering the total PN coherence time span of Tx and Rx LO, it can be equal to or less than the UE PN coherence determined by the gNB based on the UE's report of PN characteristics (as previously stated). For example, the parameter can be PN PSD modeling.

[0199] For example, the total PN coherence time period can be determined at gNB as follows: Total PN coherence time period = Min(UE PN coherence period, gNB-PN coherence period, general period) , The general time period can be set to infinity when not needed, or set to 0 to disable processing on multiple symbols / slots with PN pre / post compensation. Otherwise, for example, the general time period can be used to account for periodic events (e.g., periodic RF calibration), cell-specific configurations / indications that may affect PN consistency (e.g., frame / slot format, etc.).

[0200] In another example, the total PN coherence time period can be determined at gNB as follows: Total PN coherence time period = (UE PN coherence period) scaling factor The scaling factor is between 0 and 1.

[0201] In some embodiments, the scaling factor can be used to provide some margin for additional phase noise drift or potential errors in the estimation / synchronization algorithm (e.g., the residual frequency offset after compensation can be regarded as another phase error causing PN).

[0202] The time-domain window of the PN pre / post compensation or PN validity timer can be used.

[0203] The TDW or PN validity timer will allow the received symbols of the previously estimated PN or PTRS to be determined during previous and current UL-DL exchanges, which can be used for PN estimation and / or PN pre / post compensation.

[0204] The Time Domain Window (TDW) used for PN compensation can be used to estimate / compensate the maximum time period after determining the PN of the received signal at the UE or gNB. For example, this could be the PTRS bundled time period and the estimated PN reuse time period. When using correctly detected data symbols as a reference, the estimated PN reuse time period could be the PN reuse time period of previously correctly detected data symbols.

[0205] The time-domain window (TDW) used for PN compensation can be used at the UE or gNB to determine the applicability of PN pre-compensation or the validity of previously estimated PN, received PTRS, or correctly detected data symbols used for PN pre-compensation.

[0206] As mentioned above, the UE PN coherence period or the UE maximum PN validity period can be used to determine at the gNB and optionally configure at least one of the following:

[0207] The TDW used for PN processing is less than or equal to the total PN coherence time or the total PN maximum effectiveness time.

[0208] The TDW used for PN processing—if the TDW is configured for a UE with Tx UL PN pre-compensation or a UE with RX DL PN post-compensation, it is less than or equal to min (total PN coherence time or PN maximum validity time, UE buffer time); and / or

[0209] PN validity timer – which is less than or equal to the total PN coherence period or the maximum PN validity period, wherein this time-domain window / period or timer can be restarted / reset at the UE or gNB after any predetermined or indicated event that disrupts PN consistency. Restarting can be delayed by a predetermined / configured time offset to allow for possible RF calibration at Tx and / or Rx (if any).

[0210] When the estimated residual PN of the TDW or PN validity timer is higher than a certain threshold, the gNB can reset / restart the TDW or PN validity timer. Similarly, the UE can request such a timer reset or TDW restart.

[0211] The time-domain window (TDW) of PN pre / post compensation can span the duration of multiple symbols / slots carrying the same / different TBs (transport blocks) of the same / different physical channels.

[0212] For example, TDW can be defined by a start / end symbol or time slot relative to one or more of the following:

[0213] Transmission or reception via a predefined / defined physical channel;

[0214] The last (successfully) transmitted / received physical channel;

[0215] Events that disrupt PN consistency (e.g., PTRS port switching, DTX / DRX, RF LO calibration, etc.). This means that TDW will restart immediately after the event, after some predetermined or configured time offset, or at the start of the next time slot / transmission opportunity.

[0216] Time slot boundary;

[0217] A common absolute reference time point (point X: e.g., SSB transmission, successful RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection), which can be UE-specific, with / without an additional time offset; and / or

[0218] etc.

[0219] A TDW can have a fixed length configured by the gNB and is delimited as previously described. A TDW can be defined without considering any events that violate PN consistency. Another TDW can be defined to be more flexible / adaptive to consider events that violate PN consistency. For example, a TDW can be provided to account for any events that violate PN consistency. Alternatively, two TDWs can be defined, where the first TDW has a predefined length (nominal TDW), and the second TDW (actual TDW) can be less than or equal to the first TDW. The second TDW can be considered a subset of the first TDW.

[0220] The nominal and / or actual time domain windows can be defined based on the start / end point or the start point and predetermined length discussed above.

[0221] The actual TDW of PN compensation can be less than or equal to the nominal TDW of PN compensation, where the actual TDW can be defined by any event that disrupts PN consistency. This may occur if the event is not considered in the nominal TDW definition and / or device buffering or processing capacity / preferences.

[0222] TDW can be a sliding window that moves relative to time t or the current transmission / reception time, where, if no event causes a breach of PN consistency, for a predefined TDW of length T, the TDW will begin at least at tT. Otherwise, the TDW may begin after an event that causes a breach of PN consistency or immediately after a time offset relative to that event.

[0223] The TDW or PN validity timer can be adjusted based on signal quality (RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), SNIR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio), CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), etc.) to ensure that the PN estimate and / or the symbol of the PN estimate used in PN pre / post compensation is useful. This can avoid or reduce any coverage or data rate degradation. For example, signal quality information can be used to ensure that the PN estimate and / or the symbol of the PN estimate used is above a given reliability and / or accuracy threshold.

[0224] The TDW or PN validity timer can be dynamically reduced / increased to adjust the PN estimation algorithm and / or PN estimation frequency based on channel conditions and / or signal quality. For example, when RSRP / CQI or other signal quality parameters fall below a threshold, the TDW or timer is reduced by a predetermined factor to avoid using low-precision PN estimation, and vice versa. This can be done while respecting the upper limit associated with PN coherence time periods.

[0225] The indicated time period / timer can indicate to the receiver whether transmitter PN pre-compensation was not performed due to the absence of PN estimation or data symbols within the validity timer.

[0226] The receiver can dynamically adjust its PN estimation / compensation. For example, the receiver can activate correlated PN estimation and compensation, adjust the algorithm used for PN estimation because no PN pre-compensation can indicate that both correlated and uncorrelated PNs are present in the received signal, and / or so on.

[0227] The indicated TDW or validity timer can be used for PN estimation (e.g., for averaging, filtering, interpolation, binding, reusing the same previous value, etc.) and the maximum window size for pre / post-compensation.

[0228] When the unrelated PN portion can be ignored (i.e., a relatively high PN correlation level within a predefined period, or a large PN coherence period), the gNB can reduce PTRS or other reference signal overhead to avoid transmitting unused PTRS or other reference signals. The UE can report PTRS or other reference signal reporting preferences based on its PN estimation algorithm or its assessment of the residual PN.

[0229] In some embodiments, the gNB may provide the UE with the determination and indication of the TDW or PN validity timer. In some embodiments, the UE may not require information related to the total PN coherence period or the total PN maximum validity period.

[0230] refer to Figure 7 The diagram schematically illustrates a PN coherence period 700, during which three signals are provided for reference. These signals are referred to as REF1, REF2, and REF3. It should be understood that these signals can be reference signals such as PTRS signals, or they can be previously received correctly received data symbols. In the case of using previously received correctly received data symbols, more than three reference samples may exist. It should be understood that in other examples using PTRS, more or fewer PTRS signals may be received in the PN coherence period 700. The PN coherence period can be determined as described above. The signals used for reference can be transmitted from the gNB to the UE. Alternatively or additionally, the signals used for reference can be transmitted from the UE to the gNB.

[0231] refer to Figure 8 It shows the use Figure 7 The methods of some embodiments of the three references shown are illustrated. Figure 8 The method shown can be performed by the UE and / or gNB. Reference will be the signal received by the UE and / or gNB performing the method.

[0232] As indicated by reference numeral 800 in the attached figure, the PN coherence period begins.

[0233] As indicated by reference numeral 802 in the attached figure, the first reference REF1 is received.

[0234] As shown by reference numeral 804 in the accompanying drawing, PN compensation is determined based on a first reference REF1 for the signal received by the entity performing the method (i.e., the UE or gNB). PN compensation can be pre- or post-PN compensation. This determination can be a selection of a PN compensation algorithm from a plurality of PN compensation algorithms. Alternatively or additionally, this determination can include determining one or more values ​​from a reference signal, which will be used by the PN compensation algorithm to determine the PN compensation to be applied to the received signal.

[0235] As indicated by reference numeral 806 in the attached figure, a second reference REF2 is received.

[0236] As shown by reference numeral 808 in the accompanying drawing, PN compensation is determined based on a first reference REF1 and a second reference REF2 for the signal received by the entity performing the method (i.e., the UE or gNB). PN compensation can be pre- or post-PN compensation. This determination can be a selection of a PN compensation algorithm from a plurality of PN compensation algorithms. Alternatively or additionally, this determination can include determining one or more values ​​from the reference signal, which will be used by the PN compensation algorithm to determine the PN compensation to be applied to the received signal.

[0237] Different references can have different weights, with newer reference signals having higher weights and less recent reference signals having lower weights. Alternatively, different references can have the same weight.

[0238] As indicated by reference numeral 810 in the attached figure, a third reference REF3 is received.

[0239] As shown by reference numeral 812 in the accompanying drawing, PN compensation is determined based on a first reference REF1, a second reference REF2, and a third reference REF3 for the signal received by the entity performing the method (i.e., the UE or gNB). PN compensation can be pre- or post-PN compensation. This determination can be a selection of a PN compensation algorithm from multiple PN compensation algorithms. Alternatively or additionally, this determination can include determining one or more values ​​from the reference signals, which will be used by the PN compensation algorithm to determine the PN compensation to be applied to the received signal.

[0240] Different references can have different weights, with newer reference signals having higher weights and less recent reference signals having lower weights. In some embodiments, only the n most recent references are considered. Alternatively, different references can have the same weight.

[0241] As indicated by reference numeral 814 in the attached figure, the PN coherence period ends. For the next PN coherence period, this process can be repeated. Figure 8 The method.

[0242] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8The example provides three references. However, it should be understood that more than three (or fewer than three) PTRS or other references may be provided.

[0243] In some embodiments, a combination of a reference signal and correctly received data symbols can be used to provide phase noise estimation compensation. This can be used, for example, to provide a reference signal for one or more, but not all, channels, or to provide better PN estimation and compensation accuracy. Correctly received symbols can be used for one or more channels.

[0244] In some embodiments, PN compensation is performed at the end of the PN coherence period or after all reference-providing transmitted signals have been received. In this example, all reference-providing signals are used to compensate for the PN. Information related to the PN coherence period may be provided in one or more of the following: RRC, MAC-CE (Media Access Control Element), and DCI (Downlink Control Information).

[0245] For example, information related to the coherence period of the PN can be provided as part of the QCL (quasi-co-location) framework. For example, a new QCL type for the PN (e.g., QCL type E of the PN) can be defined using the relevant PN coherence period, PN validity timer, or TDW, as previously described.

[0246] Several implementations can be used in which the PN can be correlated across multiple symbols / slots. The TDW or PN validity timer can be longer than the single transmission timing of the PDSCH or PUSCH in which the PTRS can be available.

[0247] Some implementations can be used with any waveform.

[0248] Some embodiments can be used with any UL or DL ​​physical channel. Some embodiments can be used with channels that do not have PTRS or reference signals (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, PUSCH, PUCCH, etc.).

[0249] Some embodiments may allow for more accurate PN estimation during the TDW or PN validity timer (e.g., by averaging or weighting the estimate, or by interpolating via a time Wiener filter or other suitable filter, and avoid using outdated PN estimates outside the indicated period).

[0250] In some embodiments, since the average value of the uncorrelated PN can be zero, the correlated PN can be estimated more accurately, and the uncorrelated PN portion is decoupled from the estimation. In some embodiments, the uncorrelated PN portion can be estimated separately using appropriate methods.

[0251] In some embodiments, the full PN characteristics or PN model of the UE local oscillator may be avoided or reduced from being disclosed to the network.

[0252] Some implementations can avoid the need for gNBs or NWs to determine the PN coherence periods for all UEs based on their UE PN characteristic reports.

[0253] Some implementations may allow for relatively small signaling overhead, using relatively few bits to convey information related to PN coherence.

[0254] Some embodiments may allow the gNB to determine the PN validity timer and / or TDW of PN pre / post compensation to achieve better coverage, higher energy and / or spectral efficiency.

[0255] Some embodiments may allow the transmitter / receiver Tx / Rx to adjust its PN pre / post compensation, PN estimation algorithm and / or PN estimation frequency to achieve lower average computational complexity on an effectiveness timer or TDW.

[0256] Some implementations can provide better coverage for all physical channels, including channels that may not have PTRS or other reference channels (e.g., PDCCH, PUCCH). This can be achieved by pre-compensating the PN at the transmitter within a validity timer without any additional PTRS overhead (if any). Alternatively or additionally, this can be achieved by post-compensating the PN at the receiver Rx. This can be achieved by using a previous PN estimate from the opposite link within a PN validity timer, where the same LO is used at both the transmitter and receiver. When the PN pre-compensation is in UL at the UE side, the opposite link is DL, while when the PN pre-compensation is in DL at the gNB, the opposite link is UL.

[0257] Some embodiments can improve coverage / energy efficiency and / or spectral efficiency because PN pre-compensation and / or post-compensation within the validity timer can improve signal quality (e.g., EVM error vector magnitude) and thus improve the SNR observed at the receiver.

[0258] Some embodiments may allow the use of higher modulation orders and achieve higher spectral efficiency using these higher modulation orders.

[0259] Some implementations can dynamically adapt to the PN pre / post compensation algorithm.

[0260] Some implementations can reduce the computational complexity of PN estimation by adjusting the estimator algorithm and / or reducing / avoiding the frequency of PN estimation within the validity timer.

[0261] In the previous example, PN coherence information was provided by the UE to the gNB. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the gNB may provide PN coherence information to the UE. For example, the PTRS or other reference signal configuration may be adjusted by the UE based on the PN coherence information indicated by the gNB. For instance, a high correlation level over a predetermined duration may allow the UE to reduce the PTRS or other reference signal density, and vice versa. The UE can use information about the high correlation level to reduce the PTRS or other reference signal density.

[0262] refer to Figure 9 It illustrates methods of some embodiments.

[0263] This method can be executed by a device. The device can be user equipment, a base station, or a base station itself.

[0264] The device may include suitable components, such as a circuit system for providing the method.

[0265] Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to provide at least the following methods.

[0266] Alternatively or otherwise, the device can be as follows Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown.

[0267] This method can be provided by computer program code or computer executable instructions.

[0268] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral A1 in the accompanying drawings, determining information related to the phase noise coherence period for signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device.

[0269] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral A2 in the accompanying drawing, sending information related to the phase noise coherence period to a second device.

[0270] It should be understood that Figure 9 The methods outlined herein can be modified to include any features previously described.

[0271] refer to Figure 10 This illustrates another method of some embodiments.

[0272] This method can be executed by a device. The device can be user equipment, a base station, or a base station itself.

[0273] The device may include suitable components, such as a circuit system for providing the method.

[0274] Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to provide at least the following methods.

[0275] Alternatively or otherwise, the device can be as follows Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown.

[0276] This method can be provided by computer program code or computer executable instructions.

[0277] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral B1 in the accompanying drawings, receiving from a first device information relating to a phase noise coherence period for a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second device.

[0278] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral B2, using the information associated with the phase noise coherence period when applying phase noise compensation to one or more signals received from the first device and / or one or more signals transmitted to the first device.

[0279] It should be understood that Figure 10 The methods outlined herein can be modified to include any features previously described.

[0280] refer to Figure 11 This illustrates another method of some embodiments.

[0281] This method can be executed by a device. The device can be user equipment, a base station, or a base station itself.

[0282] The device may include suitable components, such as a circuit system for providing the method.

[0283] Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to provide at least the following methods.

[0284] Alternatively or otherwise, the device can be as follows Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown.

[0285] This method can be provided by computer program code or computer executable instructions.

[0286] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral C1, receiving from a first device information related to the phase noise coherence period of a signal received from and / or transmitted to a second device.

[0287] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral C2, using the information associated with the phase noise coherence period to determine the time period for phase noise compensation for the first device.

[0288] The method may include, as indicated by reference numeral C3 in the accompanying drawing, sending information about a time period for phase noise compensation to a first device.

[0289] It should be understood that Figure 11 The methods outlined herein can be modified to include any features previously described.

[0290] It should be noted that while some examples have been described for 5G networks, similar principles can be applied to other networks and communication systems. Therefore, although some example architectures of wireless networks, technologies, and standards have been described above by way of example, these examples can be applied to any other suitable form of communication system besides those shown and described herein.

[0291] It should also be noted that although embodiments have been described above, various changes and modifications can be made to the disclosed solutions without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0292] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of the following: ” and similar wording (where the list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”) means at least any one of these elements, or at least any two or more of these elements, or at least all of these elements.

[0293] Generally, various embodiments can be implemented in hardware or special-purpose circuit systems, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware, while others can be implemented in firmware or software that can be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. While various aspects of this disclosure may be shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it is well understood that, by way of non-limiting example, the blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques, or methods described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, special-purpose circuits or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0294] As used herein, the term "circuit system" may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) Hardware circuit implementation only (such as implementation in analog and / or digital circuit systems only), and (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable): (i) A combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuit systems with software / firmware; and / or (ii) Any part of a hardware processor (including multiple digital signal processors), software, and memory (multiple processors) that works together to enable a device such as a mobile phone or server to perform various functions, and (c) (Multiple) hardware circuits and / or (multiple) processors, such as (multiple) microprocessors or a portion thereof, which require software (e.g., firmware) to operate, but may be absent when operation is not required.

[0295] This definition of circuit system applies to all uses of the term herein, including in any claim. As another example, as used herein, the term circuit system also covers implementations of hardware circuitry or processors (or processors) or portions thereof and their accompanying software and / or firmware. For instance, if applicable to a particular claim element, the term circuit system also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices, or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other computing or networking devices.

[0296] Embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by computer software executable by the data processor of a mobile device, such as in a processor entity, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. Computer software or programs (also referred to as program products, including software routines, applets, and / or macros) can be stored in any device-readable data storage medium, and they include program instructions for performing a specific task. A computer program product may include one or more computer-executable components that, when the program is run, are configured to perform the embodiments. The one or more computer-executable components may be at least one piece of software code or a portion thereof.

[0297] Furthermore, it should be noted in this regard that any block of the logic flow shown in the figure can represent a program step, or an interconnected logic circuit, block and function, or a combination of program steps and logic circuits, blocks and functions. Software can be stored on physical media implemented within a processor, such as memory chips or memory blocks; magnetic media, such as hard disks or floppy disks; and optical media, such as DVDs and their data variants, CDs. The physical medium is a non-transitory medium.

[0298] As used herein, the term “non-transient” refers to a limitation on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not signaling), rather than a limitation on the persistence of data storage (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0299] The memory can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and can be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. The data processor can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and can include one or more of the following as non-limiting examples: general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), FPGAs, gate-level circuits, and processors based on multi-core processor architectures.

[0300] Various embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in a variety of components, such as integrated circuit modules. The design of integrated circuits is largely a highly automated process. Complex and powerful software tools can be used to convert logic-level designs into semiconductor circuit designs for etching and formation on semiconductor substrates.

[0301] The independent claims define the scope of protection sought by the various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Exemplary embodiments and features (if any) described in this disclosure that are not within the scope of the independent claims are to be interpreted as examples that aid in understanding the various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0302] The foregoing description provides a complete and informative description of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure by way of non-limiting and illustrative examples. However, various modifications and adaptations will become apparent to those skilled in the art when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims, given the foregoing description. Nevertheless, all such modifications and similar alterations to the teachings will still fall within the scope of the various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure set forth in the claims. As a non-limiting and illustrative example, another exemplary embodiment exists, which includes a combination of one or more exemplary embodiments with any other exemplary embodiments previously discussed.

Claims

1. A first apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, said instructions, when executed by said at least one processor, causing the apparatus to at least: Determine information associated with the phase noise coherence period of signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device; and Information associated with the phase noise coherence period is sent to the second device.

2. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the information for determining the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second apparatus includes one or more of the following: Determine the time period during which the phase noise is coherent; Determine the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent; or Determining the information associated with the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second device includes determining the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

3. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the information for determining the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second apparatus includes: For a defined time period, information about one or more phase noise coherence levels within the defined time period is determined.

4. The first apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the information associated with the phase noise coherence period includes: Information regarding one or more phase noise coherence levels associated with the phase noise coherence period.

5. The first apparatus of claim 4, wherein the phase noise coherence level is associated with one or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

6. The first apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the information associated with the phase noise coherence period is associated with one or more of the following: One or more frequencies; one or more bandwidths; one or more subcarrier spacings; one or more reference signal time densities; and / or one or more modulation and coding schemes.

7. The first apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the information for determining the phase noise coherence period of the signal received from the second apparatus is based on one or more of the configuration of the first apparatus or the hardware of the first apparatus.

8. The first apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the information for determining the phase noise coherence period for a signal received from the second apparatus includes: Determine information regarding the buffer capacity in the first device that can be used for phase noise compensation.

9. The first apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first apparatus is configured to: receive information from the second apparatus relating to a time period for phase noise compensation.

10. The first apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first apparatus is configured to perform: using a plurality of signals received from the second apparatus at different times within the time period for phase noise compensation to provide phase noise compensation for one or more of the signals received from the second apparatus or transmitted to the second apparatus.

11. The first apparatus of claim 9 or 10, wherein the first apparatus is caused to perform: control the first apparatus to avoid one or more events that would alter the phase noise coherence during the time period for phase noise compensation.

12. The first apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the apparatus is configured to: determine that one or more events causing the change in phase noise coherence will be performed during the time period for phase noise compensation, and in response, send information to the second apparatus indicating that the phase noise coherence will change.

13. A second apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by said at least one processor, causing the apparatus to perform at least: Receive from the first device information relating to the phase noise coherence period of signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device; and When phase noise compensation is applied to one or more signals received from the first device and / or one or more signals sent to the first device, the information associated with the phase noise coherence period is used.

14. A method comprising: Determine information related to the phase noise coherence period for signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device; as well as Information related to the phase noise coherence period is sent to the second device.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the information for determining the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second device includes one or more of the following: Determine the time period during which the phase noise is coherent; Determine the time-domain window in which the phase noise is coherent; or Determining the information associated with the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second device includes determining the validity timer associated with the phase noise coherence period.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein determining the information associated with the phase noise coherence period for the signal received from the second device comprises: For a defined time period, information about one or more phase noise coherence levels within the defined time period is determined.

17. The method of any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the information associated with the phase noise coherence period includes: Information regarding one or more phase noise coherence levels associated with the phase noise coherence period.

18. A method comprising: Receive information from the first device related to the phase noise coherence period of signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device; as well as When phase noise compensation is applied to one or more signals received from the first device and / or one or more signals sent to the first device, the information associated with the phase noise coherence period is used.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions stored thereon, the program instructions being configured to perform at least the following: Information related to the phase noise coherence period of signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device; and Information related to the phase noise coherence period is sent to the second device.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions stored thereon, the program instructions being configured to perform at least the following: Receive information from the first device related to the phase noise coherence period of signals received from and / or transmitted to the second device; and When phase noise compensation is applied to one or more signals received from the first device and / or one or more signals sent to the first device, the information associated with the phase noise coherence period is used.

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