Real-time blood gas analyzing and monitoring system for diver

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time blood gas analyzing and monitoring system for divers, and relates to the technical field of underwater life support and medical monitoring, the real-time blood gas analyzing and monitoring system comprises a wearable blood gas monitoring module, a data processing and main control module and a man-machine interaction and early warning module, the sensor is used for measuring parameters of the environment where the diver is located and the arterial blood oxygen partial pressure of the diver; the data processing and main control module is used for correcting the collected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure according to the water temperature of the depth where the diver is located and the skin temperature of the diver and carrying out physiological status evaluation according to the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure; and the man-machine interaction and early warning module is used for displaying the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure and the physiological status evaluation result in real time in a graphic and digital form, and comparing the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure with a preset threshold value to trigger an early warning operation. According to the invention, 'gold standard '-level continuous and real-time monitoring of key blood gas parameters of the diver is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater life support and medical monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers. Background Technology

[0002] Divers face immense physiological challenges when operating in high-pressure, low-temperature, and isolated underwater environments. Arterial blood gas analysis is the gold standard for assessing oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base balance, with key parameters including arterial blood oxygen partial pressure, arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure, and pH. Currently, monitoring of a diver's physiological state is primarily limited to basic parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, depth, and body temperature. However, traditional methods have serious shortcomings for crucial physiological indicators like blood gas analysis: Lag: Traditional blood gas analysis requires blood samples to be drawn and brought back to a laboratory or surface support platform for analysis, resulting in significant delays and failing to reflect real-time physiological changes in divers; Inability to monitor continuously: Blood gas parameters dynamically change underwater with factors such as depth (pressure), exercise intensity, and respiratory gas composition, and blood sampling methods cannot capture these continuous trends; High risk: The underwater environment is complex, and oxygen toxicity, carbon dioxide retention, hypoxia, or acid-base imbalance can develop rapidly and be fatal. By the time divers exhibit obvious symptoms or infer from routine monitoring indicators, the optimal intervention period has often passed.

[0003] In recent years, although some wearable transcutaneous blood gas monitoring devices have emerged, they are mainly designed for stable clinical environments and suffer from the following problems: In high-pressure, temperature-variable underwater environments, the accuracy and stability of the sensors decrease significantly; underwater objects (such as movement and water pressure) interfere with the sensor-skin contact interface, leading to data distortion; and there is a lack of intelligent analysis and decision support functions deeply integrated with specific diving scenarios (such as decompression sickness risk and breathing gas switching). Therefore, there is an urgent need for a real-time, continuous, and reliable blood gas analysis and monitoring solution specifically designed for divers that can overcome these shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers, thereby solving the problem that existing technologies cannot monitor underwater blood gas parameters of divers in real time, continuously, and accurately, and to achieve early warning of potential risks and intelligent decision support.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, this application provides a real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers, comprising:

[0006] Wearable blood gas monitoring module is used to measure environmental parameters of the diver and the diver's arterial blood oxygen partial pressure;

[0007] The data processing and main control module is used to correct the collected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure based on the water temperature at the diver's depth and the diver's skin temperature, and to assess the physiological state based on the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure.

[0008] The human-computer interaction and early warning module is used to display the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure and physiological status assessment results in real time in graphical and digital form, and to trigger early warning operations by comparing the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure with a preset threshold.

[0009] Preferably, the wearable blood gas monitoring module is used to approximate the arterial blood oxygen partial pressure and carbon dioxide partial pressure by using a transcutaneous blood gas sensor to heat the capillaries on the skin surface, and integrates an optical sensor and an electrochemical pH sensor as supplements for data fusion and calibration.

[0010] Preferably, the wearable blood gas monitoring module is used to measure environmental parameters via a depth sensor, a water temperature sensor, and a diver's body surface temperature sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the data processing and main control module is used to predict the risk of oxygen toxicity, carbon dioxide retention, metabolic or respiratory acid / alkalosis, and decompression sickness based on the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure, and generate physiological state assessment results based on the prediction results.

[0012] Preferably, the data processing and main control module is used to run a pressure-temperature compensation algorithm to correct the original blood gas readings, thereby eliminating measurement errors caused by the underwater environment. The pressure-temperature compensation algorithm is expressed as follows:

[0013] Corrected PaO2 = Original PaO2 reading × f (depth) + g (skin temperature, water temperature)

[0014] In the formula, f and g are compensation functions fitted from experimental data.

[0015] Preferably, the human-computer interaction and early warning module is used to trigger a "high risk of oxygen poisoning" warning when the corrected PaO2 > 1.4 ATA.

[0016] Preferably, the human-computer interaction and early warning module is used to determine carbon dioxide retention when PaO2 remains >50 mmHg after correction, trigger an alarm and suggest that the diver adjust their breathing rate or check their diving equipment.

[0017] Preferably, the human-computer interaction and early warning module also integrates a tactile feedback device to provide a discreet tactile alarm in noisy environments or to avoid disturbing marine life.

[0018] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0019] Real-time and continuous: It achieves "gold standard" level continuous and real-time monitoring of key blood gas parameters of divers, breaking through the bottleneck of lag in traditional methods;

[0020] High precision and reliability: Through a unique environmental pressure-temperature compensation algorithm, the impact of underwater high pressure and low temperature environments on sensor accuracy is effectively overcome, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of data;

[0021] Proactive early warning and safety enhancement: Through a multimodal (visual, auditory, tactile) alarm system, it can issue warnings to divers and surface personnel in the early stages of physiological imbalance, winning valuable time for intervention and rescue, and greatly improving the safety of diving operations;

[0022] Intelligent decision support: The physiological state analysis engine transforms raw data into intuitive physiological state assessments and risk indices (such as decompression sickness risk), providing a scientific basis for divers' decisions on descent, stay, ascent, and gas switching.

[0023] High system integration: It is deeply integrated with existing underwater computers and other equipment, making it easy to wear and use without adding extra burden to divers. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure described in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system workflow described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers, comprising:

[0029] 1. Wearable blood gas monitoring module: integrated into the diving suit or worn on the diver's body surface (e.g., chest, forearm), including:

[0030] Minimally invasive / non-invasive sensor array: The core consists of one or more sensors for real-time detection of arterial blood gas parameters. Transcutaneous blood gas sensors are preferred, which approximate the measurement of arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures by heating capillaries on the skin surface. Simultaneously, optical sensors (such as pulse oximeters) and electrochemical pH sensors can be integrated as supplementary data fusion and calibration.

[0031] Environmental sensor suite: Used to measure environmental parameters, including depth sensors, water temperature sensors, and diver's body surface temperature sensors. This data is used to compensate for the effects of water pressure and temperature on blood gas sensor readings.

[0032] Signal processing unit: amplifies, filters, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the raw signals acquired by the sensors.

[0033] First wireless communication unit: such as near-field communication module.

[0034] 2. Data Processing and Main Control Module: This module can be integrated into the diver's underwater computer or a standalone ruggedized main unit. This module includes:

[0035] Main processor: The computing core of the system.

[0036] Data fusion and compensation algorithm unit: Receives data from the blood gas monitoring module and the environmental sensor group, runs the pressure-temperature compensation algorithm to correct the original blood gas readings, eliminates measurement errors caused by the underwater environment, and obtains accurate corrected blood gas values.

[0037] Physiological state analysis engine: Real-time calculation and analysis based on corrected blood gas values.

[0038] Oxygenation status: Real-time tracking of PaO2 to predict the risk of oxygen toxicity.

[0039] Ventilation status: Real-time tracking of PaCO2 and early warning of carbon dioxide retention.

[0040] Acid-base balance status: Real-time monitoring of pH value to assess the risk of metabolic or respiratory acid / alkali poisoning.

[0041] Decompression sickness risk index: The risk of decompression sickness is comprehensively assessed by combining depth, time and blood gas parameters (such as PaCO2, which can affect tissue perfusion and thus desaturation efficiency).

[0042] Second wireless communication unit: communicates with the blood gas monitoring module.

[0043] 3. Human-computer interaction and early warning module:

[0044] Underwater display screen: Integrated into the underwater computer or mask display, it displays key blood gas parameters and physiological status assessment results in real time in graphical and digital form.

[0045] Audible and visual alarm: When any critical parameter (such as excessive PaO2, PaCO2 accumulation, abnormal pH value) exceeds the preset safety threshold, it triggers different levels of visual (LED flashing) and audible (buzzer) alarms (such as reminder, warning, danger).

[0046] Tactile feedback devices, such as vibration motors integrated into diving suits, provide discreet tactile alerts in noisy environments or to avoid disturbing marine life.

[0047] 4. Optional surface monitoring center:

[0048] Surface receiving terminal: Receives data uploaded by the underwater main control module through the underwater acoustic communication module.

[0049] Monitoring software: running on a computer on a surface vessel or in the control room, it displays the physiological data, trajectory, and alarm status of all divers in real time, and supports remote monitoring and command by surface support personnel.

[0050] The wearable blood gas monitoring module is securely attached to the diver's forearm or chest skin using medical-grade adhesive or elastic straps. The percutaneous blood gas sensor requires surface calibration before use. Data processing and the main control module are integrated into a waterproof, pressure-resistant underwater computer.

[0051] During operation, the sensor continuously collects data and transmits it to the underwater computer via Bluetooth Low Energy. The main processor in the computer runs a compensation algorithm, for example, establishing a multivariate regression correction model based on depth (pressure) and temperature: Corrected PaO2 = Original PaO2 reading × f (depth) + g (skin temperature, water temperature), where f and g are compensation functions fitted from a large amount of experimental data.

[0052] f(depth) = 1 + k p ×P;

[0053] In the formula, P is the absolute pressure in atmospheres (ATA); P = 1 + depth (meters) / 10 (for seawater); k p It is the pressure correction factor;

[0054] g(T 核心 )=k t ×( T 核心 -37);

[0055] In the formula, T 核心 Core body temperature (°C); k t This is the temperature correction factor; the pressure correction factor and temperature correction factor need to be obtained through experiments.

[0056] The physiological state analysis engine compares the corrected PaO2 with a preset threshold: if PaO2 > 1.4 ATA (equivalent to the limit of breathing air at a depth of about 4 meters underwater), a "high risk of oxygen toxicity" warning is triggered. At the same time, if PaCO2 is consistently > 50 mmHg, it is judged as carbon dioxide retention, triggering an alarm and suggesting that the diver adjust their breathing rate or check their diving equipment.

[0057] All information is clearly displayed on the OLED screen of the computer display, and alarms are triggered by color changes of the LED light ring on the side (green for normal, yellow for warning, and red for danger) and a built-in buzzer.

[0058] The present invention also provides a method for using a real-time blood gas analysis system based on the above system, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1: Through a wearable blood gas monitoring module, raw blood gas data and environmental data of divers are continuously collected.

[0060] S2: Send the collected data to the data processing and main control module.

[0061] S3: In the main control module, the original blood gas data is corrected using a preset pressure-temperature compensation algorithm to obtain accurate corrected blood gas values.

[0062] S4: Based on the corrected blood gas values, the physiological state analysis engine is run to assess the diver's oxygenation, ventilation, acid-base balance, and decompression sickness risk in real time.

[0063] S5: The evaluation results and key parameters are displayed to the diver in real time through the human-computer interaction module.

[0064] S6: When any parameter or risk assessment result exceeds the safe range, a multimodal warning will be triggered immediately.

[0065] S7: (Optional) Upload key data and alarm information to the surface monitoring center via underwater acoustic communication.

[0066] This invention achieves "gold standard" level continuous and real-time monitoring of key blood gas parameters for divers, breaking through the bottleneck of lag in traditional methods.

[0067] This invention effectively overcomes the impact of high-pressure and low-temperature underwater environments on sensor accuracy through a unique environmental pressure-temperature compensation algorithm, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0068] This invention utilizes a multimodal (visual, auditory, and tactile) alarm system to alert divers and surface personnel in the early stages of physiological imbalance, thus gaining valuable time for intervention and rescue and greatly improving the safety of diving operations.

[0069] The physiological state analysis engine of this invention transforms raw data into intuitive physiological state assessments and risk indices (such as decompression sickness risk), providing a scientific basis for divers' decisions regarding descent, stay, ascent, and gas switching.

[0070] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers, characterized in that, include: A wearable blood gas monitoring module is used to measure the environmental parameters of the diver and the diver's arterial blood oxygen partial pressure; The data processing and main control module is used to correct the collected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure based on the water temperature at the depth where the diver is located and the diver's skin temperature, and to perform physiological status assessment based on the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure. The human-computer interaction and early warning module is used to display the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure and physiological status assessment results in real time in graphical and digital form, and to trigger early warning operations by comparing the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure with a preset threshold.

2. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wearable blood gas monitoring module uses a transcutaneous blood gas sensor to approximate the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood by heating capillaries on the skin surface, and integrates an optical sensor and an electrochemical pH sensor as supplements for data fusion and calibration.

3. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wearable blood gas monitoring module is used to measure environmental parameters through a depth sensor, a water temperature sensor, and a diver's body surface temperature sensor.

4. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data processing and main control module is used to predict the risks of oxygen toxicity, carbon dioxide retention, metabolic or respiratory acid / alkalosis, and decompression sickness based on the corrected arterial blood oxygen partial pressure, and to generate the physiological state assessment results based on the prediction results.

5. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing and main control module is used to run a pressure-temperature compensation algorithm to correct the original blood gas readings, thereby eliminating measurement errors caused by the underwater environment. The pressure-temperature compensation algorithm is expressed as follows: Corrected PaO2 = Original PaO2 reading × f (depth) + g (skin temperature, water temperature) In the formula, f and g are compensation functions fitted from experimental data.

6. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The human-computer interaction and early warning module is used to trigger a "high risk of oxygen poisoning" warning when PaO2 > 1.4 ATA after correction.

7. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The human-computer interaction and early warning module is used to determine carbon dioxide retention when PaO2 is consistently >50 mmHg after correction, trigger an alarm and suggest that the diver adjust their breathing rate or check their diving equipment.

8. The real-time blood gas analysis and monitoring system for divers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The human-computer interaction and early warning module also integrates a tactile feedback device to provide a discreet tactile alarm in noisy environments or to avoid disturbing marine life.

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