Head-replaceable fixed handle drill with automatic centering function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a head-replaceable fixed handle drill with an automatic centering function, which comprises a cutter handle and a replaceable drill bit, one end of the replaceable drill bit is connected with an outer taper shank, one end of the cutter handle is provided with an inner taper hole matched with the outer taper shank, and a plurality of clamping grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential outer wall of the outer taper shank. A plurality of containing grooves corresponding to the clamping grooves in number are formed in the inner side of the inner taper hole in the radial direction, first springs and clamping blocks are arranged in the containing grooves, one ends of the first springs act on the bottoms of the containing grooves, the other ends of the first springs act on the clamping blocks, and the clamping blocks partially protrude out of the surface of the inner taper hole in the natural state and can be clamped into the clamping grooves. Initial automatic centering is achieved through conical surface matching of the outer taper shank and the inner taper hole, a dual-positioning system is formed in combination with matching of the end guiding boss and the guiding groove, and a connecting gap is thoroughly eliminated, so that extremely high connecting rigidity and coaxiality are provided, and the size precision and the surface quality of a drilled hole are effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling tool technology, and more specifically to a changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, fixed-shank drills are a widely used type of hole-making tool. To reduce operating costs, interchangeable-head fixed-shank drills have emerged. Users only need to replace the worn drill bit, without discarding the expensive tool holder, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0003] Most existing replaceable drill bits use threaded connections, screw tightening, or simple end-face key drives. Threaded connections are simple in structure and have a high usage rate, but there is clearance in the threaded fit, and machining errors can cause the drill bit to be misaligned with the tool holder axis after installation, affecting drilling quality. Especially in high-speed and high-precision machining, this can lead to out-of-tolerance hole diameter, rough hole walls, and reduced tool life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A replaceable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function includes a shank and a replaceable drill bit. One end of the replaceable drill bit is connected to an outer tapered shank. One end of the shank has an inner tapered hole adapted to the outer tapered shank. The outer circumferential outer wall of the outer tapered shank has a plurality of locking grooves evenly distributed. The inner side of the inner tapered hole has a plurality of receiving grooves in the radial direction corresponding to the number of locking grooves. A first spring and a locking block are disposed inside the receiving groove. One end of the first spring acts on the bottom of the receiving groove, and the other end acts on the locking block, so that the locking block partially protrudes from the surface of the inner tapered hole in its natural state and can be locked into the locking groove.

[0006] Furthermore, a slider is slidably connected to the bottom of the cavity of the receiving groove, and the end of the first spring away from the locking block is connected to the slider; the outer circumferential wall of the knife handle is provided with multiple through holes communicating with the receiving groove, a slide rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the through hole, the inner end of the slide rod is connected to the slider, and the outer end is connected to an annular extrusion plate; a number of second springs are connected between the extrusion plate and the outer wall of the knife handle.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer tapered shank has a guide boss at its end center, and the inner tapered hole has a guide groove at its bottom center that precisely matches the guide boss; the bottom surface of the locking groove is an inclined locking surface a, and the corresponding working surface of the locking block is an inclined driving surface a that matches it. When the outer tapered shank is inserted into the inner tapered hole, under the guidance of the tapered surface and the auxiliary alignment of the guide boss and the guide groove, the locking surface a and the driving surface a interact to generate an axial preload that pulls the replaceable drill bit toward the tool holder.

[0008] Furthermore, a non-slip and wear-resistant protective plate is bonded to the outer side of the extrusion plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the tool holder has a through internal cooling channel, and the outer tapered shank has a drill cooling channel communicating with the inner one; a sealing ring is fitted on the guide boss, and when the replaceable drill bit is installed in place, the sealing ring is compressed between the guide boss and the wall of the guide groove to form a dynamic seal.

[0010] Furthermore, the surfaces of the locking block and / or the locking groove are treated with titanium nitride or diamond-like carbon coating.

[0011] Furthermore, the tool holder is equipped with a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, and the root of the replaceable drill bit is embedded with a corresponding RFID chip for storing and identifying the drill bit's model, lifespan, and usage parameter information.

[0012] A machining system includes a reader for reading information from the RFID chip and a CNC machine tool that automatically adjusts machining parameters based on the read information.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention achieves initial automatic centering by cooperating with the conical surface of the outer conical shank and the inner conical hole, and forms a dual positioning system by combining the precise cooperation of the end guide boss and the guide groove, which completely eliminates the connection gap, thereby providing extremely high connection rigidity and coaxiality, and effectively ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram showing the separation of the tool holder and the replaceable drill bit in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the tool holder of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the replaceable drill bit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the tool holder of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0015] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Tool holder; 101. Inner tapered hole; 102. Receiving groove; 103. First spring; 104. Locking block; 104a. Driving surface; 105. Slider; 106. Through hole; 107. Slide rod; 108. Guide groove; 109. Inner cooling channel; 2. Replaceable drill bit; 201. Outer tapered shank; 202. Locking groove; 202a. Locking surface; 203. Guide boss; 204. Drill bit cooling channel; 205. Sealing ring; 3. Extrusion plate; 301. Second spring; 302. Protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this technology based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of this application, spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figures, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element or feature described as "below" or "under" or "below" of other elements or features will be oriented "above" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0020] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0021] Example: Refer to Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides a replaceable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function, including a shank 1 and a replaceable drill bit 2. One end of the replaceable drill bit 2 is connected to an outer tapered shank 201. One end of the shank 1 has an inner tapered hole 101 adapted to the outer tapered shank 201. The outer circumferential outer wall of the outer tapered shank 201 has a plurality of locking grooves 202 evenly distributed. The inner side of the inner tapered hole 101 has a plurality of receiving grooves 102 in the radial direction corresponding to the number of locking grooves 202. A first spring 103 and a locking block 104 are provided inside the receiving groove 102. One end of the first spring 103 acts on the bottom of the receiving groove 102, and the other end acts on the locking block 104, so that the locking block 104 partially protrudes from the surface of the inner tapered hole 101 in its natural state and can be locked into the locking groove 202.

[0022] In this embodiment, the initial automatic alignment of the replaceable drill bit 2 during installation is achieved through the conical surface cooperation between the outer tapered shank 201 and the inner tapered hole 101. The locking block 104, under the preload of the first spring 103, engages with the locking groove 202, forming a basic mechanical locking mechanism to prevent the drill bit from falling off under gravity or slight vibration. This structure enables quick and simple tool changing operations. Preferably, a slider 105 is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the receiving groove 102, and the end of the first spring 103 away from the locking block 104 is connected to the slider 105; the outer circumferential wall of the tool holder 1 has multiple through holes 106 communicating with the receiving groove 102, and a sliding rod 107 is slidably connected to the inner side of each through hole 106. The inner end of the sliding rod 107 is connected to the slider 105, and the outer end is connected to an annular pressing plate 3; several second springs 301 are connected between the pressing plate 3 and the outer wall of the tool holder 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, when the fixed-shank drill is put into use, the tool holder 1 needs to be installed into the clamping mechanism of an external drive device (such as a machine tool spindle). The jaws of the clamping mechanism will precisely clamp the outer side of the annular extrusion plate 3. This clamping force will overcome the tension of the second spring 301, causing the extrusion plate 3 to continuously move towards the body of the tool holder 1. This movement is transmitted through the slide bar 107 and the slider 105, applying a continuous pre-compression force to the first spring 103. This additional pre-tightening force provided by the external device will significantly increase the positive pressure of the locking block 104 on the locking groove 202, thereby greatly enhancing the rigidity, shock resistance, and anti-loosening ability of the locking mechanism, making the connection more stable and reliable.

[0024] Preferably, the outer tapered shank 201 has a guide boss 203 at its end center, and the inner tapered hole 101 has a guide groove 108 at its bottom center that precisely matches the guide boss 203; the bottom surface of the locking groove 202 is an inclined locking surface 202a, and the corresponding working surface of the locking block 104 is an inclined driving surface 104a that matches it. When the outer tapered shank 201 is inserted into the inner tapered hole 101, under the guidance of the tapered surface and the auxiliary alignment of the guide boss 203 and the guide groove 108, the locking surface 202a and the driving surface 104a interact to generate an axial preload force that pulls the replaceable drill bit 2 toward the tool holder 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, the precise fit between the guide boss 203 and the guide groove 108 constitutes a two-stage precise positioning system, further eliminating the fit clearance on the basis of conical surface positioning and ensuring extremely high coaxiality. The inclined locking surface 202a and the driving surface 104a form a self-tightening wedge structure. When the drill bit is subjected to a cutting reverse force, this inclined structure converts the axial pull-out force into a radial force that forces the locking block 104 to press more tightly against the locking groove 202, producing a "tighter and tighter" effect. This self-tightening effect, combined with the enhanced preload provided by the aforementioned external clamping, forms a double safety net, ensuring that the drill bit will not loosen even under extreme heavy-load cutting conditions.

[0026] Preferably, a non-slip and wear-resistant protective plate 302 is bonded to the outer side of the extrusion plate 3. In this embodiment, the protective plate 302 is made of hard rubber or polyurethane and other materials, which provides a non-slip function during manual operation and facilitates the application of force; at the same time, when clamped by an external driving device, the flexible protective plate 302 can increase the friction with the metal jaws to prevent slippage, and its elasticity can compensate for a small amount of deformation, ensuring that the clamping force is uniformly and stably transmitted to the extrusion plate 3, avoiding indentation damage to the tool holder 1 body, and ensuring the reliable realization of the enhanced locking effect.

[0027] Preferably, the tool holder 1 has a through internal cooling channel 109, and the outer tapered shank 201 has a drill bit cooling channel 204 communicating with the inner cooling channel; a sealing ring 205 is fitted on the guide boss 203. When the replaceable drill bit 2 is installed in place, the sealing ring 205 is compressed between the guide boss 203 and the wall of the guide groove 108 to form a dynamic seal.

[0028] In this embodiment, the coolant can reach the cutting area directly through the internal cooling channel 109 and the drill bit cooling channel 204. A sealing ring 205 is mounted on the guide boss 203, cleverly utilizing this precision-fitting space to form a seal, effectively preventing coolant leakage at the connection between the tool holder and the drill bit. The clamping force provided by the external device further ensures a tight fit between the guide boss 203 and the guide groove 108, thereby enhancing the compression and sealing effect of the sealing ring 205, enabling reliable operation even under high coolant pressure.

[0029] Preferably, the surfaces of the locking block 104 and / or the locking groove 202 are treated with titanium nitride or diamond-like coating.

[0030] In this embodiment, the locking block 104 and the locking groove 202 are the core load-bearing and friction pairs of the locking mechanism. After applying an ultra-hard wear-resistant coating, the wear rate of this contact pair under frequent loading and unloading and high preload clamping conditions of external equipment can be significantly reduced, which greatly improves the service life and long-term reliability of the locking mechanism and avoids loss of accuracy and loosening of connection due to wear.

[0031] Preferably, the tool holder 1 is equipped with a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, and the root of the replaceable drill bit 2 is embedded with a corresponding RFID chip for storing and identifying the drill bit's model, lifespan, and usage parameters.

[0032] In this embodiment, RFID technology endows the cutting tool with intelligent management capabilities. The chip can store drill bit identification information, specifications, and lifespan data. When the tool holder 1 is installed into the machine tool spindle equipped with an RFID reader, the machine tool can automatically identify the installed drill bit model and call up the correct machining parameters (such as speed and feed). At the same time, it can monitor and record drill bit usage data in real time, realizing predictive maintenance and error prevention, and improving the level of machining automation and intelligence.

[0033] A machining system includes a reader for reading information from the RFID chip and a CNC machine tool that automatically adjusts machining parameters based on the read information.

[0034] In this embodiment, the system automatically identifies the tool and calls the optimal parameters, while using the machine tool spindle itself as a high-rigidity clamping source to provide a continuous and stable enhanced preload for the tool locking mechanism, thus forming a high-precision, high-reliability, and high-efficiency automated machining solution.

[0035] While embodiments or examples of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments or examples, and the scope of the invention is not limited by these embodiments or examples, but only by the granted claims and their equivalents. Various elements in the embodiments or examples may be omitted or replaced by their equivalents. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in a different order than that described in this disclosure. Further, various elements in the embodiments or examples may be combined in various ways. Importantly, as the technology evolves, many elements described herein can be replaced by equivalents that appear after this disclosure.

Claims

1. A replaceable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function, comprising a shank (1) and replaceable drill bits (2), characterized in that: One end of the replaceable drill bit (2) is connected to an outer tapered shank (201). One end of the tool holder (1) is provided with an inner tapered hole (101) that is adapted to the outer tapered shank (201). Multiple locking grooves (202) are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential wall of the outer tapered shank (201). Multiple receiving grooves (102) corresponding to the number of locking grooves (202) are provided on the radial direction inside the inner side of the inner tapered hole (101). A first spring (103) and a locking block (104) are provided inside the receiving groove (102). One end of the first spring (103) acts on the bottom of the receiving groove (102), and the other end acts on the locking block (104), so that the locking block (104) protrudes partially from the surface of the inner tapered hole (101) in its natural state and can be locked into the locking groove (202).

2. A changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slider (105) is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the receiving groove (102). The end of the first spring (103) away from the locking block (104) is connected to the slider (105). The outer circumferential wall of the knife handle (1) is provided with a plurality of through holes (106) that communicate with the receiving groove (102). A slide rod (107) is slidably connected to the inner side of the through hole (106). The inner end of the slide rod (107) is connected to the slider (105), and the outer end is connected to an annular extrusion plate (3). A plurality of second springs (301) are connected between the extrusion plate (3) and the outer wall of the knife handle (1).

3. A changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer tapered shank (201) has a guide boss (203) at its end center, and the inner tapered hole (101) has a guide groove (108) at its bottom center that precisely matches the guide boss (203). The bottom surface of the locking groove (202) is an inclined locking surface (202a), and the corresponding working surface of the locking block (104) is an inclined driving surface (104a) that matches it. When the outer tapered shank (201) is inserted into the inner tapered hole (101), under the guidance of the tapered surface and the auxiliary alignment of the guide boss (203) and the guide groove (108), the locking surface (202a) and the driving surface (104a) interact to generate an axial preload that pulls the replaceable drill bit (2) toward the tool holder (1).

4. A changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the extrusion plate (3) is bonded with a non-slip and wear-resistant protective plate (302).

5. A changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool holder (1) has a through internal cooling channel (109) inside, and the outer tapered shank (201) has a drill cooling channel (204) communicating with the inside. A sealing ring (205) is fitted on the guide boss (203). When the replaceable drill bit (2) is installed in place, the sealing ring (205) is compressed between the guide boss (203) and the wall of the guide groove (108) to form a dynamic seal.

6. A changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfaces of the locking block (104) and / or the locking groove (202) are treated with titanium nitride or diamond-like coating.

7. A changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder (1) is equipped with a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, and the root of the replaceable drill bit (2) is embedded with a corresponding RFID chip for storing and identifying the drill bit's model, lifespan, and usage parameters.

8. A machining system, characterized in that, The invention includes a changeable head fixed shank drill with automatic centering function as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a reader for reading the RFID chip information and a CNC machine tool for automatically adjusting machining parameters based on the read information.

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