Testing device and method for simulating pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of simulation test devices, in particular to a test device and method for simulating pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine, and the test device for simulating pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine comprises a test box body and a crack simulation assembly arranged in the test box body, the crack simulation assembly comprises a base, an actuating part and a plurality of simulation strips; a pore pressure cavity with an opening in the bottom is formed in the simulation strip, and the pore pressure cavity is communicated with the interior of the test box body; the actuating part is arranged on the base, is connected with the simulation strips and is used for driving the simulation strips to move on the base so as to change the width of a crack between every two adjacent simulation strips; the technical limitation that an existing test device is single and isolated in function, and cannot simulate a lateral water replenishing, internal gas production and upper salt plugging coupling mechanism, so that the whole process of pressure accumulation and pulse type discharge disasters cannot be truly represented is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of simulation test equipment technology, specifically to a test device and method for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine. Background Technology

[0002] Within closed geological basins and artificially constructed engineering facilities such as evaporation ponds and tailings dams in arid and semi-arid regions, a complex and time-varying disaster-forming mechanism lies hidden. This process begins with highly mineralized underground brine, which, driven by strong evaporation, continuously migrates to the surface through soil capillaries. As water is lost, dissolved salts precipitate and crystallize, accumulating in the shallow soil. Although intermittent rainfall can temporarily dissolve and wash away surface salts, partially restoring fissure channels, on a macroscopic timescale, the intense evaporation under arid climates rapidly reverses this process, leading to repeated recrystallization of salts. After multiple cycles of dilution and concentration, a dense and substantial hard salt crystal shell eventually forms. This hard salt crystal shell acts as a natural cap, effectively blocking the original fissures and pores in the soil—key channels for evaporation and fluid drainage—thus transforming the underlying area into a closed or semi-closed system. However, the dynamic changes at the bottom of the basin have not ceased: on the one hand, groundwater or atmospheric precipitation from surrounding highlands infiltrates, forming regional underground runoff that continuously provides lateral hydraulic replenishment to the deeper parts of the basin, causing an increase in internal liquid level and hydrostatic pressure; on the other hand, organic tailings, industrial sludge, and other materials at the bottom of the basin undergo complex microbial degradation reactions under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, continuously producing gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide, creating pore pressure. This constitutes a contradictory pattern of external hydraulic replenishment, internal biogas production, and the blockage of upper evaporation channels. Under these conditions, the fluid pressure (including water and gas pressure) beneath the hard salt crystal shell will quietly and continuously accumulate. When this pressure eventually exceeds the critical threshold of the structural strength of the overlying salt crystal shell, the accumulated enormous energy will be released instantaneously, violently, and explosively, triggering the so-called "pulse-like discharge" disaster. This phenomenon is highly concealed and sudden, posing a threat to the regional ecological environment, infrastructure, and personal safety.

[0003] Currently, existing experimental simulation devices for this complex multi-field coupled process have significant limitations. Most devices have single functions, focusing only on water evaporation and salt transport, or only studying the relationship between gas generation and pressure. They often treat each factor in isolation and lack a comprehensive experimental platform that can integrate the coupling effects of the three core processes of lateral hydraulic recharge, internal biochemical gas generation, and dynamic sealing of upper fractures. This makes it impossible to realistically reproduce the complete dynamic process from slow pressure accumulation to catastrophic outbreak in nature and engineering sites, thus restricting the in-depth understanding of disaster mechanisms and the improvement of prediction and early warning capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine, so as to solve the technical limitations of existing test devices that are single and isolated, unable to simulate the coupling mechanism of lateral water replenishment, internal gas generation and upper salt sealing, thus failing to truly reproduce the entire process of pressure accumulation and pulsed discharge disasters.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An experimental device for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine includes a test chamber and a fissure simulation component disposed within the test chamber. The fissure simulation component includes a base, an actuating part, and several simulation strips. A pore pressure cavity with a bottom opening is formed inside each simulation strip, and the pore pressure cavity is in communication with the interior of the test chamber. The actuating part is disposed on the base and connected to the simulation strip, and is used to drive each of the simulation strips to move on the base to change the gap width between two adjacent simulation strips; Several pneumatic coupling elements are provided between adjacent simulation strips, and each pneumatic coupling element has a pneumatic cavity formed therein, which is connected to the pore pressure cavity. When the actuating part drives the simulated strip to move to reduce the crack width, the pneumatic coupling element is compressed, and the gas in the pneumatic chamber is forced into the pore pressure chamber to simulate the internal biochemical gas generation process; The simulation strip is equipped with a fluid injection port that communicates with the pore pressure chamber. Fluid is introduced into the fluid injection port to simulate the lateral hydraulic recharge process. Furthermore, a sliding rod is fixedly installed on the base, and each of the simulated bars is slidably mounted on the sliding rod; Each of the simulation bars is hinged with a cross bar, and adjacent cross bars are connected by a hinge. The simulation bar at the first end is connected to the base, and the simulation bar at the last end is connected to the actuating part.

[0006] Furthermore, the actuating part includes a cylinder, a first piston ring, and a first telescopic rod. The cylinder is fixed on the base, the first piston ring divides the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, one end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the piston ring, and the other end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the simulation bar. The first chamber is provided with a first elastic element, which has the tendency to drive the first telescopic rod to extend outward, and the second chamber is filled with temperature-sensitive wax.

[0007] Furthermore, the cylinder body is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the first chamber. The inlet is connected to a suction pipe, and a fluid pipe is connected between the fluid injection port and the outlet. A first one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the water inlet, and a second one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the water outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the test chamber is equipped with heating tubes for heating the test chamber to raise its temperature; Several spray nozzles are installed above the test chamber to cool the inside of the test chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the pore pressure chamber is provided with two water inlet heads, which are connected to the fluid injection interface.

[0010] Furthermore, the pneumatic coupling component includes a pneumatic cylinder, a second piston ring, and a second telescopic rod. The second piston ring is slidably connected within the pneumatic cylinder, and the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the second piston ring. The pneumatic cylinder is hinged to one of the simulated strips, and the second telescopic rod intersects with the other simulated strip. The pneumatic cylinder has a first air chamber and an air inlet. The second piston rod has an airflow channel that communicates with the first air chamber. The airflow channel communicates with the pore pressure chamber in the simulation strip. A third one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the air inlet, and a fourth one-way valve diaphragm is provided in the airflow channel.

[0011] Furthermore, a test port is provided at the top of the simulation strip, and a jet simulation component is disposed within the test port; The jet simulation device includes a jet seat fixedly installed on the test port. The jet seat has an air passage communicating with the pore pressure chamber. A second elastic element and a sealing ball are arranged in the air passage. The second elastic element has the tendency to drive the sealing ball to seal the air passage.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an electronic monitoring and control system, which comprises: a pressure sensor installed in the pore pressure chamber and the air pressure chamber; a temperature sensor installed in the test chamber and on the cylinder of the actuator; a displacement sensor installed on the simulation strip for monitoring the movement distance and crack width changes of the simulation strip; a flow sensor installed on the fluid injection port for monitoring the flow rate of the lateral hydraulic supply; a data acquisition module electrically connected to the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, displacement sensor and flow sensor for real-time acquisition and storage of sensor data; and a control module connected to the data acquisition module and controlling the fluid inlet of the fluid injection port and the operation of the actuator according to a preset program to simulate the lateral hydraulic supply and dynamic crack sealing process.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention: This application, by integrating three core modules—a fracture simulation component, a pressure coupling component, and a fluid injection interface—achieves for the first time a dynamic coupled simulation of lateral hydraulic recharge, internal biochemical gas production, and sealing of the upper salt crystallization shell. The fracture simulation component, through its actuator, drives the simulation strips to synchronously adjust the fracture width, realistically reproducing the dynamic sealing and unblocking of surface fractures by salt crystallization under the evaporation-precipitation cycle. The pressure coupling component transforms the mechanical action of fracture reduction into gas injection, simulating the microbial gas production process. The fluid injection interface, through one-way valve diaphragm control, automatically triggers lateral hydraulic recharge. The synergistic effect of these three components overcomes the limitations of existing equipment that is functionally isolated and unable to reproduce the entire process of pressure accumulation and pulsed discharge. This provides a complete physical simulation platform for studying the mechanisms of multi-field coupled disasters, significantly improving the accuracy of disaster triggering condition analysis and prediction / early warning.

[0014] This application employs thermosensitive wax thermal drive and one-way valve diaphragm control technology to construct a closed-loop coupling mechanism among climate, fracture, and fluid. When the ambient temperature rises, the thermosensitive wax expands, driving the actuator to contract, simultaneously triggering fracture shrinkage and lateral hydraulic recharge, simulating the dual effects of salt blockage and enhanced groundwater runoff during drought. When the temperature decreases, the thermosensitive wax contracts, triggering fracture expansion, stopping water recharge and allowing gas to escape, recreating the pressure relief process during rainfall / freezing periods. This design requires no external power, achieving coordinated control of mechanical, fluid, and air pressure solely through automatic temperature signal conversion. It realistically simulates the cyclical dynamics of pressure accumulation and release in the natural environment, significantly improving the automation level and process fidelity of the experiment, and providing an efficient and repeatable experimental method for studying nonlinear disaster triggering mechanisms.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from practice of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application can be realized and obtained through the detailed embodiments described below. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fracture simulation component in the experimental apparatus of the present invention used to simulate the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine; Figure 3 This invention relates to an experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure in one direction; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial structural diagram of the concealed base; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention used to simulate the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine; Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to the present invention, showing the increase in crack size. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine in this invention, showing the reduction of cracks. Figure 8 This invention relates to an experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure from another direction; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the connection between two simulation bars and the air pressure coupling component in the experimental device of the present invention for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine; Figure 10 This invention relates to an experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine. Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram of part A; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulation bar in the experimental device of the present invention used to simulate the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the simulation bar in the experimental apparatus of the present invention used to simulate the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine; Figure 13 This invention relates to an experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine. Figure 12Enlarged structural diagram of part B; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the actuating part in the experimental device of the present invention used to simulate the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine.

[0017] The components include: test chamber 1, crack simulation component 2, base 3, slide bar 31, cross bar 32, actuating part 4, cylinder 41, first piston ring 42, first telescopic rod 43, first chamber 44, second chamber 45, first elastic element 46, temperature-sensitive wax 47, water inlet 48, water outlet 49, simulation strip 5, pore pressure chamber 51, fluid injection interface 52, water inlet end 53, air pressure coupling component 6, air pressure cylinder 61, second piston ring 62, second telescopic rod 63, first air chamber 64, air inlet 65, airflow channel 66, test port 7, jet seat 71, air passage 72, second elastic element 73, sealing ball 74, and spray head 8. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0020] This embodiment proposes an experimental device for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine, such as... Figures 1 to 14As shown, the test chamber includes a test chamber 1 and a crack simulation component 2 disposed within the test chamber 1. A cover is provided on top of the test chamber 1, and the cover is installed on the test chamber 1 in a closed manner. The crack simulation component 2 includes a base 3, an actuating part 4, and several simulation strips 5. A pore pressure chamber 51 with a bottom opening is formed inside each simulation strip 5. The pore pressure chamber 51 is connected to the interior of the test chamber 1. The actuating part 4 is disposed on the base 3 and connected to the simulation strips 5, and is used to drive each simulation strip 5 to move on the base 3 to change the crack width between two adjacent simulation strips 5. The test chamber 1 is filled with soil samples containing brine. The soil samples are filled from bottom to top until they are flush with the upper surface of the simulation strip 5. The brine level must submerge the bottom of the pore pressure chamber 51. Several air pressure coupling elements 6 are set between adjacent simulation strips 5. An air pressure chamber is formed in the air pressure coupling element 6 and is connected to the pore pressure chamber 51. When the actuator 4 drives the simulation strip 5 to move to reduce the crack width, the air pressure coupling element 6 is compressed, and the gas in the air pressure chamber is forced into the pore pressure chamber 51 to simulate the internal microbial chemical gas production process.

[0021] The simulation strip 5 is equipped with a fluid injection port 52 that communicates with the pore pressure chamber 51. Fluid is introduced into the fluid injection port 52 to simulate the lateral hydraulic recharge process. In this embodiment, the test chamber 1 simulates the complete disaster incubation process from pressure accumulation to potential eruption in a geological basin in an arid-semi-arid region. First, the actuator 4 drives several simulation strips 5 on the base 3 to move, thereby changing the crack width between adjacent simulation strips 5. This is used to simulate the dynamic changes in the sealing and unblocking of surface cracks by the salt crystallization shell caused by the evaporation-precipitation cycle in nature. When the crack narrows due to the thickening of the simulated salt layer, the air pressure coupling 6 set between adjacent simulation strips 5 is compressed. The gas in the air pressure chamber inside the air pressure coupling 6 is forced into the pore pressure chamber 51 at the bottom opening of the simulation strip 5. This simulation demonstrates the internal biochemical gas production process at the bottom of the basin, where organic matter continuously generates gases (such as methane and hydrogen sulfide) under the action of microorganisms, leading to an increase in pore pressure. Simultaneously, by injecting fluid into the simulated strip 5, the fluid enters the pore pressure chamber 51 to simulate the lateral hydraulic recharge of the deep basin by regional underground runoff from the surrounding highlands, resulting in an increase in internal liquid level and hydrostatic pressure. Finally, under the dominance of the fracture sealing simulated by the actuator 4, the fluid pressure from the lateral recharge and the gas pressure injected by the gas pressure coupling device 6 accumulate together in the pore pressure chamber 51. When the combined pressure exceeds the structural strength of the salt crystal shell represented by the overlying simulated strip 5, the critical state and occurrence mechanism of the pulsed discharge disaster are simulated, thus fully reproducing the multi-field coupled disaster dynamics process.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, a slide bar 31 is fixedly mounted on the base 3, and each simulation bar 5 is slidably mounted on the slide bar 31; each simulation bar 5 is hinged with a cross bar 32, and adjacent cross bars 32 are connected by hinges. The simulation bar 5 located at the first end (i.e. Figure 4 The leftmost analog strip 5) is connected to the base 3, and the analog strip 5 at the end (i.e. Figure 4 The rightmost analog bar 5) is connected to the actuator 4.

[0023] In this embodiment, the slide bar 31 fixedly installed on the base 3 provides a unified sliding track for all the simulated bars 5, ensuring that the simulated bars 5 maintain precise linear guidance and relative position when moving. Each simulated bar 5 is connected to each other through the hinged cross bar 32 to form a cross linkage mechanism. When the simulated bar 5 at the end is displaced along the slide bar 31 under the drive of the actuating part 4, all the simulated bars 5 will move synchronously, towards each other or away from each other through the transmission of the cross bar 32. This achieves synchronous, uniform and equal expansion or contraction of the crack width between all adjacent simulated bars 5. The mechanical linkage design ensures that the opening and closing changes of the crack network in the upper salt crystal shell are whole and consistent, thus highly realistically simulating the large-scale uniform expansion and contraction of the surface salt crust caused by the dry and wet cycle of climate in nature, as well as the dynamic process of the overall opening and closing of the crack channels. This provides a reliable physical simulation basis for studying the macroscopic flux changes of fluid discharge channels.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the actuating part 4 includes a cylinder 41, a first piston ring 42, and a first telescopic rod 43. The cylinder 41 is fixed on the base 3. The first piston ring 42 divides the cylinder 41 into a first chamber 44 and a second chamber 45. The left end of the first telescopic rod 43 is connected to the piston ring, and the right end of the first telescopic rod 43 is connected to the simulation strip 5. A first elastic element 46 is provided in the first chamber 44. The first elastic element 46 has the tendency to drive the first telescopic rod 43 to extend outward. The second chamber 45 is filled with temperature-sensitive wax 47.

[0025] In this embodiment, when the temperature inside the test chamber 1 rises, simulating the intense evaporation environment of daytime or a dry period, the temperature-sensitive wax 47 filled in the second chamber 45 expands due to heat, pushing the first piston ring 42 to compress the first chamber 44, overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic element 46, and driving the first telescopic rod 43 to contract inward (it should be noted that when the temperature-sensitive wax 47 melts due to heat, its volume will expand significantly (approximately 15%-25% of its original volume) when it melts from a solid to a liquid state. The specific thrust generated by this volume expansion can be determined based on the volume of the second chamber 45 and the amount of temperature-sensitive wax 47 filled. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the expansion force is sufficient to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element 46 in the first chamber 44). This contraction movement is transmitted to each simulated strip 5 through a linkage mechanism, forcing them to move towards each other, thereby synchronously and uniformly reducing the gap width between all adjacent simulated strips 5. It realistically reproduces the process of surface fissures being gradually sealed by salt due to water evaporation and salt crystallization. Conversely, when the chamber temperature decreases, and during simulated rainfall, nighttime, or freezing periods, the temperature-sensitive wax 47 cools and contracts, causing a sudden reduction in pressure on the piston ring. At this time, the first elastic element 46, which was compressed in the first chamber 44, releases its stored elastic potential energy, pushing the first piston ring 42 to move in the opposite direction, causing the first telescopic rod 43 to extend outward, and then pulling the simulation strip 5 to move in the opposite direction, thus synchronously expanding the fissure width. This simulates the natural phenomenon of salt temporarily dissolving and fissure channels reopening due to cooling, freshwater leaching, or freeze-thaw action. Based on the automatic reciprocating drive of the temperature-sensitive wax 47, the actuator 4 can efficiently and automatically simulate the dynamic opening and closing process of fissures in a cyclical manner synchronized with the real environment, providing a key power input for studying the disaster incubation cycle of sealing, pressure accumulation, and pressure release.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the pore pressure chamber 51 is provided with two water inlet heads 53, which are connected to the fluid injection interface 52. When lateral hydraulic recharge is simulated, the fluid is evenly injected into the bottom space of the pore pressure chamber 51 through the two water inlet heads 53, thereby more realistically simulating the natural process of groundwater gently infiltrating from multiple directions of the base and raising the overall liquid level, ensuring that the hydrostatic pressure in the pore pressure chamber 51 can accumulate stably and synchronously.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder 41 has an inlet 48 and an outlet 49 connected to the first chamber 44. The inlet 48 is connected to a suction pipe, and a fluid pipe (not shown) is connected between the fluid injection port 52 and the outlet 49. A first one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the inlet 48, and a second one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the outlet 49. When the ambient temperature decreases, the temperature-sensitive wax 47 contracts, and the first elastic element 46 in the first chamber 44 drives the first piston ring 42 to move, increasing the volume of the first chamber 44 and generating negative pressure inside. At this time, the first one-way valve diaphragm at the inlet 48 opens under the action of pressure difference, while the second one-way valve diaphragm at the outlet 49 remains closed. Fluid from an external water source (simulating groundwater) is drawn into the first chamber 44 through the suction pipe, completing the suction stroke. Conversely, when the ambient temperature increases, the temperature-sensitive wax 47 contracts. Heated expansion pushes the first piston ring 42 to move in the opposite direction to compress the first chamber 44, causing the internal pressure of the first chamber 44 to rise. This causes the first one-way valve diaphragm of the inlet 48 to close, while simultaneously opening the second one-way valve diaphragm of the outlet 49. This allows the fluid stored in the first chamber 44 in the previous stage to be stably expelled through the fluid pipe and injected into the pore pressure chamber 51 of the simulation strip 5 via the fluid injection interface 52, completing the drainage stroke. This simulates the lateral hydraulic recharge of the deep basin by underground runoff under the background of rising temperature and intensified evaporation. The entire process does not require external power to drive the pump and is entirely driven by changes in ambient temperature, realizing the automatic conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy and then into hydraulic potential energy. This tightly and automatically couples the three core physical processes of climate dry-wet cycle, fissure opening and closing, and lateral recharge into a coordinated system. When the temperature rises and evaporation intensifies, the device simultaneously triggers two processes: the sealing of fissures due to salt crystallization (reducing pressure release channels) and lateral hydraulic replenishment (increasing internal pressure sources). This efficiently creates the closed-pressurization environment required for pressure accumulation within the system. Conversely, when the temperature drops to simulate rainfall or freezing, the system simultaneously opens the fissures (creating pressure relief channels) and stops active water replenishment, simulating the pressure relief period under natural conditions. It spontaneously simulates the complete, continuous, and cyclical dynamic process from slow pressure accumulation to critical burst, thus providing experimental fidelity and research efficiency for a deeper understanding of the nonlinear triggering conditions and multi-field coupling mechanism of pulsed discharge disasters.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, a heating tube is provided inside the test chamber 1 for heating the test chamber 1, and several spray heads 8 are provided above the test chamber 1 for spraying ice water to cool the test chamber 1. When the heating element is activated to heat the test chamber 1, the spray head 8 is closed, simulating intense sunlight and drought in nature. This accelerates the evaporation and salt precipitation process of the brine sample inside the test chamber 1. Its key function is to heat the temperature-sensitive wax 47 filled in the second chamber 45 of the cylinder 41 of the actuator 4. The temperature-sensitive wax 47 expands in volume upon heating, generating enormous pressure that pushes the piston rings and telescopic rod, thereby forcing all the simulated strips 5 to narrow the gaps, thus automatically simulating the gap sealing process caused by salt crystallization. Simultaneously, the contraction movement of the actuator 4 due to the expansion of the temperature-sensitive wax 47 compresses its first chamber 44, expelling the previously stored fluid. This fluid is then supplied laterally to the system through the fluid injection interface 52, simulating continuous underground runoff during drought. Conversely, when the spray head 8 above the test chamber 1 is activated... When the shower head 8 sprays water to cool down, the heating pipe is turned off, simulating natural rainfall or low-temperature freezing events. The low-temperature fluid rapidly reduces the temperature of the environment inside the test chamber 1 and the cylinder 41 of the actuator 4, causing the temperature-sensitive wax 47 to cool and shrink, and the thrust it applies disappears. At this time, the first elastic element 46 in the first chamber 44 of the actuator 4 is released, pushing the telescopic rod to extend, driving the simulation strip 5 to move and expand the crack, realistically simulating the softening of the salt crust and the expansion of cracks caused by rainfall leaching or freeze-thaw action. Through this alternating operation of heating and spraying, the system realizes the physical simulation of drought-rainfall or freeze-thaw cycles, and uses the temperature-sensitive wax 47 to automatically convert the temperature signal into the power to drive the core mechanical movement of the system, thus seamlessly coupling the three key disaster-inducing factors of climate change, crack dynamics and fluid supply in a closed loop.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the pneumatic coupling component 6 includes a pneumatic cylinder 61, a second piston ring 62, and a second telescopic rod 63. The second piston ring 62 is slidably connected within the pneumatic cylinder 61, and the second telescopic rod 63 is fixedly connected to the second piston ring 62. The pneumatic cylinder 61 is hinged to one of the simulated strips 5, and the second telescopic rod 63 is connected to the other simulated strip 5. A first air chamber 64 is formed within the pneumatic cylinder 61. Of course, the connection between the pneumatic cylinder 61, the second telescopic rod 63, and the two adjacent simulated strips 5 is not limited to a hinged connection; a fixed connection can also be used. However, it is necessary to ensure that the connection between the pneumatic cylinder 61, the second telescopic rod 63, and the two adjacent simulated strips 5 is secure. The simulated strips 5 are perpendicular to each other, and the specific connection method is not limited, as long as the change in the gap between the two simulated strips 5 can drive the volume change of the first air chamber 64; the air pressure cylinder 61 is provided with an air inlet 65, and the second piston rod is provided with an airflow channel 66 communicating with the first air chamber 64. The airflow channel 66 is connected to the pore pressure chamber 51 in the simulated strip 5. A third one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the air inlet 65, and a fourth one-way valve diaphragm is provided in the airflow channel 66. It should be noted that the first one-way valve diaphragm, the second one-way valve diaphragm, the third one-way valve diaphragm and the fourth one-way valve diaphragm mentioned in this embodiment are all one-way valve components well known to those skilled in the art and are standard parts.

[0030] For ease of review and understanding, under natural conditions, in an anaerobic environment with organic matter in the basin (such as tailings and sludge), methanogenic bacteria and other microorganisms will continuously produce gas. When the fissures are large and unobstructed, the gas can escape freely through the larger fissures, and the basin is in a dynamic equilibrium and safe state. The pressure accumulation mechanism is not obvious, and studying the gas production process at this stage has limited significance for interpreting the extreme disaster event of "pulse discharge". This invention simplifies the model to focus on the critical stages of disaster incubation. Specifically, it addresses the pressure buildup period after fractures are blocked by salt crystals. By linking the mechanical action of fracture narrowing with gas injection, this design does not deny the complexity of nature but rather represents a crucial scientific refinement. By actively eliminating the "background noise" of gas escape during the fracture opening period, all experimental resources and observational focus are concentrated on studying how a continuous gas supply transforms into dangerous superpore pressure in a closed environment where the pressure relief channel is blocked. This design ensures that within a limited experimental period, the complete disaster sequence from slow pressure buildup to critical eruption can be reliably and repeatedly triggered and observed. This directly addresses the core contradiction of the disaster mechanism—the system instability process when the pressure generation rate exceeds the release rate—significantly improving the relevance and efficiency of the experiment.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the actuator 4 drives the simulated strip 5 to move to reduce the crack, it compresses the pneumatic coupling 6 connected between adjacent simulated strips 5, forcing the second piston ring 62 in the pneumatic cylinder 61 to move towards the bottom of the cylinder, compressing the first air chamber 64. As the volume of the first air chamber 64 decreases and the pressure increases, the fourth one-way valve diaphragm in the airflow channel 66 is opened under the action of the pressure difference, while the third one-way valve diaphragm of the air inlet 65 remains closed, thereby forcing the gas pre-stored in the first air chamber 64 into the pore pressure chamber 51 of the simulated strip 5 through the airflow channel 66. This process simulates the situation where, under crack sealing conditions, microorganisms inside the basin continuously degrade organic matter and produce gases (such as methane and hydrogen sulfide), leading to the continuous accumulation of pore gas pressure. Conversely, when the crack in the simulated strip 5 expands, there is no need to ventilate the pore pressure chamber 51, because... Under certain conditions, as the fissures enlarge, underground gas will naturally overflow through the fissures, which is not representative of the simulation study. As the fissures expand, the gas pressure coupling component 6 is stretched, and the second piston ring 62 moves in the opposite direction, increasing the volume of the first gas chamber 64 and creating negative pressure. At this time, external air pushes open the third one-way valve diaphragm of the air inlet 65 to enter the first gas chamber 64 for gas replenishment, while the fourth one-way valve diaphragm in the airflow channel 66 closes automatically to prevent fluid backflow in the pore pressure chamber 51, thus preparing for the gas production cycle when the fissures close next. Through this ingenious mechanical-pneumatic coupling and one-way valve control, the periodic physical opening and closing of the fissures is automatically and synchronously converted into gas pressure replenishment inside the device, reproducing the disaster gestation dynamics where the internal biological gas production and the external fissure sealing state are interconnected and jointly driven by the pressure to the critical point.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, a test port 7 is provided at the top of the simulation strip 5, and a jet simulation component is provided inside the test port 7; the jet simulation component includes a jet seat 71 fixedly installed on the test port 7, and an air passage 72 communicating with the pore pressure chamber 51 is provided inside the jet seat 71. A second elastic element 73 and a blocking ball 74 are provided inside the air passage 72, and the second elastic element 73 has a tendency to drive the blocking ball 74 to block the air passage 72; wherein, the first elastic element 46 and the second elastic element 73 mentioned in this embodiment are both preferably springs.

[0033] During most of the disaster incubation process, the fluid and gas pressure accumulated inside the pore pressure chamber 51 is insufficient to overcome the pre-tightening force applied to the sealing ball 74 by the second elastic element 73. At this time, the sealing ball 74, driven by the second elastic element 73, tightly seals the air passage 72 inside the jet seat 71, thus simulating the sealing effect of the overlying hard salt crystal shell on the underlying fluid, forcing the pressure to continuously accumulate within the system. As the lateral hydraulic recharge and internal biogas production process continue, the overall pressure inside the pore pressure chamber 51 will continue to rise. When this pressure finally exceeds the critical threshold set by the second elastic element 73 (this threshold simulates the salt crystal shell), the pressure will eventually increase. When the structural strength is reached, the high-pressure fluid will generate a powerful thrust sufficient to overcome the elastic force of the second elastic element 73, instantly pushing the sealing ball 74 upwards, causing the originally sealed air passage 72 to be suddenly opened; the huge energy accumulated in the pore pressure chamber 51 (in the form of high-pressure gas and fluid) will then be explosively ejected outwards in the form of a high-speed jet through the suddenly opened air passage 72. This instantaneous and violent pressure release process realistically simulates the sudden characteristics of "pulse discharge" disasters in nature, providing researchers with a crucial physical simulation window for intuitively observing the pattern of disaster outbreaks, measuring critical pressure values, and studying changes in the system after pressure relief.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes an electronic monitoring and control system. This system includes pressure sensors installed in the pore pressure chamber 51 and the air pressure chamber; temperature sensors installed inside the test chamber 1 and on the cylinder 41 of the actuator 4; displacement sensors installed on the simulation strip 5 to monitor the movement distance and crack width changes of the simulation strip 5; a flow sensor installed on the fluid injection port 52 to monitor the flow rate of the lateral hydraulic supply; a data acquisition module electrically connected to the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, displacement sensor, and flow sensor for real-time acquisition and storage of sensor data; and a control module connected to the data acquisition module, which controls the fluid flow through the fluid injection port 52 and the operation of the actuator 4 according to a preset program to simulate the lateral hydraulic supply and dynamic crack sealing process.

[0035] On the other hand, this application also proposes a method for testing the evaporation of brine in deep structural fissures and pores, including the use of the aforementioned test apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine, and further including the following steps: System construction and initialization: Fill the test chamber 1 with brine-containing soil sample up to the upper surface of the simulation strip 5, and make the brine liquid level submerge the bottom of the pore pressure chamber 51; install and initialize the electronic monitoring system, and set the temperature cycle parameters, lateral supply conditions and pressure burst threshold of the jet simulation component.

[0036] First, the physical construction and initial state setting of the experimental system are carried out. Each simulation strip 5 is sequentially threaded onto the sliding rod 31 of the base 3 and hinged into a linkage mechanism by the cross rod 32, connecting the simulation strip 5 at the end to the first telescopic rod 43 of the actuating part 4. Next, a specified number of pneumatic coupling components 6 are installed between adjacent simulation strips 5, ensuring that the pneumatic cylinder 61 and the second telescopic rod 63 are firmly hinged to the adjacent simulation strip 5, and that all airflow channels 66 are reliably connected to the pore pressure chamber 51 of the corresponding simulation strip 5. Then, the test chamber 1 is placed on a stable foundation, ensuring that the base 3 of the fracture simulation component 2 is horizontally fixed inside the chamber. After the physical assembly is completed, the medium is filled: a pre-prepared soil sample containing high-mineralization brine is filled into the test chamber 1. During the filling process, it is necessary to ensure that the soil sample is uniform and compacted, and finally fill it to the same height as the upper surface of all simulation strips 5, and control the brine liquid level to completely submerge the bottom opening of the pore pressure chamber 51 to simulate the initial state of the saturated zone of a real basin. Then, electronic presets and system initialization are performed. Through the control module of the electronic monitoring and control system, the target test cycle, environmental temperature cycle curves (including the duration and temperature values ​​of high-temperature drought periods and low-temperature rainfall / freezing periods), triggering conditions for lateral hydraulic replenishment (such as those related to temperature or time), and the pressure burst threshold of the jet simulator (this threshold is set based on the compressive strength of the simulated salt crystal shell) are set. Simultaneously, all sensors are initialized, including pressure sensors in the pore pressure chamber 51 and air pressure chamber, temperature sensors inside the test chamber 1 and on the cylinder 41 of the actuator 4, displacement sensors on the simulation strip 5, and flow sensors at the fluid injection interface 52, ensuring real-time data transmission to the data acquisition module. Finally, the working status of the heating pipe and spray head 8 is checked to prepare for the simulated climate cycle, ensuring the controllability and repeatability of the experiment.

[0037] Climate cycle driven and process coupled: Alternating temperature cycles are applied to test chamber 1; during the high temperature period, heating is started, the temperature-sensitive wax 47 expands and drives the actuator 4 to contract, simultaneously reducing the gaps between all simulated strips 5 to simulate salt sealing, while the actuator 4 pressurizes fluid into the pore pressure chamber 51 to simulate lateral hydraulic supply; during the low temperature period, spray cooling is started, simultaneously expanding the gaps to simulate channel unblocking.

[0038] The control module is activated and a preset temperature cycle program is run. When the "drought-high temperature" half-cycle begins, the control module first shuts off the spray head 8, and then activates the heating tube inside the test chamber 1 to uniformly heat the environment inside the chamber. This process achieves dual simulation: on the one hand, the temperature rise directly accelerates the evaporation of brine in the soil, causing dissolved salts to begin to migrate to the surface and crystallize initially, simulating the driving force of natural evaporation; on the other hand, the heat is transferred to the cylinder 41 of the actuator 4, causing the temperature-sensitive wax 47 in the second chamber 45 to melt and expand significantly (volume expansion can reach 15%-25%). The expansion of the temperature-sensitive wax 47 generates a huge thrust, pushing the first piston ring 42 to compress the first chamber 44, overcoming the resistance of the first elastic element 46, and driving the first telescopic rod 43 to contract inward. This is instantly transmitted to all the simulated strips 5 through the linkage mechanism of the cross rod 32, forcing the simulated strips 5 to move, thereby uniformly reducing the crack width between all adjacent simulated strips 5, realistically reproducing the process of surface cracks being "sealed" due to the accumulation of salt crystals. Simultaneously, the contraction of actuator 4 (i.e., compression of the first chamber 44) activates a lateral hydraulic recharge mechanism: the pressure inside the first chamber 44 increases, forcing the second one-way valve diaphragm of outlet 49 to open, while the first one-way valve diaphragm of inlet 48 closes, allowing the fluid (simulated groundwater) previously stored in the first chamber 44 to be stably pumped out through the fluid pipe. This fluid is then evenly injected into the pore pressure chamber 51 of the simulated strip 5 and the underlying soil via fluid injection port 52 and two inlet ends 53, simulating the continuous hydraulic recharge of the deep basin by underground runoff from surrounding highlands during a drought. Throughout step S2, the single variable of temperature cleverly and simultaneously couples the two core processes of "fracture sealing (reducing pressure relief channels)" and "lateral recharge (increasing pressure sources)," allowing the system to enter the pressure accumulation phase.

[0039] Multi-source pressure synergistic accumulation: When the crack narrows, the compressed air coupling device 6 injects its internal gas into the pore pressure chamber 51 to simulate microbial gas production, which, together with the lateral supply, promotes the continuous accumulation of pressure in the pore pressure chamber 51; by real-time monitoring of pressure, crack width, flow rate and temperature parameters.

[0040] As the fissures narrow significantly due to blockage, even approaching closure, the system gradually evolves into a closed or semi-closed high-pressure reactor. During this continuous reduction in fissure width, the gas-pressure coupling 6 connecting adjacent simulated strips 5 is mechanically compressed. The second piston ring 62 within the pressure cylinder 61 moves towards the bottom, reducing the volume of its first gas chamber 64 and causing a sudden increase in pressure. When the pressure exceeds the opening threshold of the fourth one-way valve diaphragm in the airflow channel 66, the fourth one-way valve diaphragm opens, while the third one-way valve diaphragm at the inlet 65 remains closed. The pre-stored gas in the first gas chamber 64 (simulating methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc., produced by microbial degradation) is forcibly injected into the airflow channel 66 and ultimately into the pore pressure chamber 51 of the simulated strip 5. This process simulates the continuous biochemical gas production process at the bottom of the basin in nature, even when the upper channel is blocked, becoming an active and stable source of gas pressure within the system. Meanwhile, the lateral hydraulic recharge triggered by actuator 4 in step S2 continues, with fluid constantly being injected, causing the liquid level in the pore pressure chamber 51 and the surrounding soil to rise, and the hydrostatic pressure to increase continuously. At this point, the water pressure from the lateral recharge and the air pressure injected by the air pressure coupling device 6 mix and work synergistically within the sealed pore pressure chamber 51, causing the overall pressure to begin to rise rapidly and non-linearly. Throughout this pressure accumulation phase, pressure sensors track the pressure change curves in the pore pressure chamber 51 and the air pressure chamber in real time; displacement sensors record real-time data on the crack width; flow sensors monitor the flow rate of the lateral recharge; and temperature sensors record the temperature changes in the chamber environment and the cylinder 41 of actuator 4 throughout the process. All data is simultaneously acquired, stored, and displayed by the data acquisition module, providing researchers with a complete and continuous multi-field coupled dataset for analyzing the rate of pressure accumulation, the weight of each contributing source, and the dynamic response of the system.

[0041] Disaster Trigger Simulation: When the pressure in the pore pressure chamber 51 continues to accumulate and exceeds the preset threshold of the jet simulation component, the sealing ball 74 is opened to make the air passage 72 instantly open, generating a gas-liquid mixed jet to simulate a pulsed discharge disaster. Critical state determination and pulsed discharge disaster simulation steps.

[0042] As step S3 continues, the combined pressure (the sum of water and air pressure) within the pore pressure chamber 51 continuously approaches the preset critical burst threshold in the jet simulator (this threshold is set by the pre-tightening force of the second elastic element 73 to simulate the ultimate structural strength of the overlying salt crystal shell). Before the pressure reaches the threshold, the sealing ball 74 within the jet simulator, under the strong elastic force of the second elastic element 73, remains tightly sealed to the air passage 72, and the system is in an "energy lockout" state, with pressure continuously accumulating. The control module monitors the pressure sensor readings in real time and can set warning signals. When the data acquired by the data acquisition module shows that the pressure value within the pore pressure chamber 51 finally exceeds the preset critical threshold, the upward thrust generated by the high-pressure fluid and gas on the sealing ball 74 completely overcomes the downward elastic force of the second elastic element 73. The sealing ball 74 is instantly pushed open, and the air passage 72 within the jet seat 71 is suddenly opened. The enormous energy accumulated within the system (including the potential energy of compressed fluid and high-pressure gas) is released in a very short time, forming a high-speed gas-liquid mixture jet that is explosively ejected outward through test port 7. This violent, instantaneous pressure release event highly realistically reproduces the suddenness and destructive pattern of a natural "pulse-like discharge" disaster. After the disaster simulation occurs, the control module can record the exact burst pressure, time point, and duration of the jet. Subsequently, the system can enter a new cycle: by switching to the "rainfall-low temperature" half-cycle through the control module, the spray head 8 is turned on to spray low-temperature water, the heating tube is turned off, the temperature-sensing wax 47 cools and contracts, the actuator 4 is reset under the action of the first elastic element 46, pulling the simulation strip 5 to expand the crack, and at the same time, the lateral supply stops, the system depressurizes, and prepares for the next "blocking-accumulation-burst" cycle test. By repeating steps S2 to S4, the triggering patterns and evolution mechanisms of pulsed discharge disasters under different climate cycle intensities, different recharge rates, different gas production rates, and different salt crust strengths can be systematically studied. This invention has high application value.

[0043] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine, characterized in that... ,include: The test chamber (1) and the crack simulation component (2) disposed inside the test chamber (1) include a base (3), an actuating part (4) and several simulation strips (5); a pore pressure cavity (51) with a bottom opening is formed inside the simulation strip (5), and the pore pressure cavity (51) is connected to the inside of the test chamber (1); The actuating part (4) is disposed on the base (3) and connected to the simulation strip (5), and is used to drive each of the simulation strips (5) to move on the base (3) to change the gap width between two adjacent simulation strips (5); Several pneumatic coupling elements (6) are provided between adjacent simulated strips (5), and a pneumatic cavity is formed in the pneumatic coupling element (6), which is connected to the pore pressure cavity (51); When the actuating part (4) drives the simulated strip (5) to move to reduce the crack width, the pneumatic coupling element (6) is compressed, and the gas in the pneumatic chamber is forced into the pore pressure chamber (51) to simulate the internal biochemical gas generation process; The simulation strip (5) is provided with a fluid injection port (52) that communicates with the pore pressure chamber (51). By introducing fluid into the fluid injection port (52), the lateral hydraulic replenishment process is simulated.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 1, characterized in that... A slide rod (31) is fixedly installed on the base (3), and each of the simulated bars (5) is slidably installed on the slide rod (31); Each of the simulation bars (5) is hinged with a cross bar (32), and adjacent cross bars (32) are connected by a hinge. The simulation bar (5) at the first end is connected to the base (3), and the simulation bar (5) at the end is connected to the actuating part (4).

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 2, characterized in that... The actuating part (4) includes a cylinder (41), a first piston ring (42), and a first telescopic rod (43). The cylinder (41) is fixed on the base (3). The first piston ring (42) divides the cylinder (41) into a first chamber (44) and a second chamber (45). One end of the first telescopic rod (43) is connected to the first piston ring (42), and the other end of the first telescopic rod (43) is connected to the simulation bar (5). The first chamber (44) is provided with a first elastic element (46), which has the tendency to drive the first telescopic rod (43) to extend outward. The second chamber (45) is filled with temperature-sensitive wax (47).

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 3, characterized in that... The cylinder body (41) is provided with an inlet (48) and an outlet (49) that are connected to the first chamber (44). The inlet (48) is connected to a suction pipe, and a fluid pipe is connected between the fluid injection interface (52) and the outlet (49). A first one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the water inlet (48), and a second one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the water outlet (49).

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 3, characterized in that... The test chamber (1) is equipped with a heating tube for heating the test chamber (1) to raise its temperature. Several spray nozzles (8) are provided above the test chamber (1) for cooling the inside of the test chamber (1).

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 4, characterized in that... The pore pressure chamber (51) is provided with two water inlet heads (53), and the two water inlet heads (53) are connected to the fluid injection interface (52).

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 6, characterized in that... The pneumatic coupling component (6) includes a pneumatic cylinder (61), a second piston ring (62), and a second telescopic rod (63). The second piston ring (62) is slidably connected inside the pneumatic cylinder (61), and the second telescopic rod (63) is fixedly connected to the second piston ring (62). The pneumatic cylinder (61) is hinged to one of the simulated strips (5), and the second telescopic rod (63) is connected to the other simulated strip (5). The pneumatic cylinder (61) has a first air chamber (64) inside, and an air inlet (65) is provided on the pneumatic cylinder (61). The second piston rod has an airflow channel (66) that communicates with the first air chamber (64). The airflow channel (66) communicates with the pore pressure chamber (51) in the simulation strip (5). A third one-way valve diaphragm is provided at the air inlet (65), and a fourth one-way valve diaphragm is provided in the airflow channel (66).

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 7, characterized in that... The top of the simulation strip (5) is provided with a test port (7), and a jet simulation component is provided inside the test port (7); The jet simulation component includes a jet seat (71) fixedly installed on the test port (7). The jet seat (71) has an air passage (72) communicating with the pore pressure chamber (51). The air passage (72) is provided with a second elastic element (73) and a blocking ball (74). The second elastic element (73) has the tendency to drive the blocking ball (74) to block the air passage (72).

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine according to claim 8, characterized in that... It also includes an electronic monitoring and control system, which includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor, a flow sensor, a data acquisition module, and a control module. The pressure sensor is installed in the pore pressure chamber (51) and the air pressure chamber. The temperature sensor is installed in the test chamber (1) and on the cylinder (41) of the actuating part (4). The displacement sensor is installed on the simulation bar (5). The flow sensor is installed on the fluid injection interface (52). The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, displacement sensor, and flow sensor. The control module is connected to the data acquisition module.

10. A method for testing the evaporation of brine in deep structural fissures and pores, characterized in that... The test apparatus for simulating the pressure accumulation and discharge of deep brine as described in any one of claims 1-9 further includes the following steps: System construction and initialization: Fill the test chamber (1) with brine-containing soil sample up to the upper surface of the simulation strip (5), and make the brine liquid level submerge the bottom of the pore pressure chamber (51); install and initialize the electronic monitoring system, and set the temperature cycle parameters, lateral supply conditions and pressure burst threshold of the jet simulation component; Climate cycle driven and process coupled: Alternating temperature cycles are applied to the test chamber (1); during the high temperature period, heating is started, the temperature-sensitive wax (47) expands and drives the actuator (4) to contract, simultaneously reducing the gaps between all simulated strips (5) to simulate salt sealing, while the actuator (4) presses fluid into the pore pressure chamber (51) to simulate lateral hydraulic supply; during the low temperature period, spray cooling is started, simultaneously expanding the gaps to simulate channel unblocking; Multi-source pressure synergistic accumulation: When the crack narrows, the compressed air coupling device (6) injects its internal gas into the pore pressure chamber (51) to simulate microbial gas production, which, together with the lateral supply, promotes the continuous accumulation of pressure in the pore pressure chamber (51); by real-time monitoring of pressure, crack width, flow rate and temperature parameters; Disaster Trigger Simulation: When the pressure in the pore pressure chamber (51) continues to accumulate and exceeds the preset threshold of the jet simulation component, the sealing ball (74) is opened to make the air passage (72) instantly open, generating a gas-liquid mixed jet to simulate a pulsed discharge disaster.

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