Determination method of submarine fault cable and related device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fault detection, and provides a method and related device for determining a submarine fault cable, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the storm parameters of a submarine cable network coverage sea area; converting the submarine cable network into a network topology structure to form a storm parameter sequence corresponding to a branch cable; associating the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with a corresponding storm parameter sequence, and calculating a three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the branch cable; collecting a traveling wave signal in a fault state, and determining a fault branch cable based on a traveling wave signal arrival time difference between adjacent nodes; and superposing the three-dimensional path offset to the initial three-dimensional position of the fault branch cable point by point to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the fault branch cable. By adopting the above scheme, for the submarine cable network, the accuracy and the real-time performance of fault detection can be improved, and the stable operation of the submarine cable network is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fault detection technology, specifically relating to a method and related apparatus for determining faulty submarine cables. Background Technology

[0002] Submarine cable networks are the core infrastructure for marine energy transmission and communication, and their rapid and accurate fault location is crucial to ensuring the stable operation of marine engineering projects.

[0003] Currently, submarine cable networks are generally characterized by a large number of branch cables and a wide coverage of sea areas. Sea waves can directly cause the submarine cable network to deviate from its path: the drag force of water currents caused by sea waves can cause the cable network to deviate from its initial position when it was laid. However, the traditional method for determining submarine cable faults is based only on the initial position of the cable and does not take into account the position deviation caused by wind and waves, which can easily lead to a significant increase in fault location error.

[0004] In addition, existing technologies for determining submarine cable faults mostly rely on auxiliary tools such as underwater robots, drones, or inspection vessels. Underwater robots are easily affected by strong currents caused by wind and waves, and deviations in their operating trajectories can lead to errors in the detection range. Drones and inspection vessels are limited by the level of wind and waves on the sea surface and cannot carry out offshore operations in windy and wavey weather, resulting in problems such as short operating windows, low efficiency, and high costs.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to determine the location of submarine cables that does not rely on auxiliary tools such as robots, drones, and inspection vessels, and can effectively overcome the influence of wind and waves on the cable position, so as to break through the limitations of sea conditions and improve the accuracy and efficiency of fault location. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method and related apparatus for determining submarine fault cables, so as to solve the problem that underwater robots, drones, inspection vessels and other auxiliary tools are easily affected by wind and waves in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A method for identifying a faulty submarine cable, comprising: Obtain wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the submarine cable network; transform the submarine cable network into a network topology and divide it into multiple branch cables; extract the wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the multiple branch cables respectively to form a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cables; The initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable is obtained, and the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable is associated with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence and input together into the water flow drag force calculation model; after the water flow drag force calculation model is calculated, the three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the branch cable is output. The monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network are used to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; the arrival time of the traveling wave signals at the nodes is extracted using a wavelet transform algorithm, the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes is calculated, and the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network is determined based on the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals. The initial three-dimensional position and corresponding three-dimensional path offset of the faulty branch cable are obtained, and the three-dimensional path offset is superimposed point by point onto the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that Preferably, wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the submarine cable network are obtained through high-resolution marine satellite remote sensing images, including: Sea surface wind speed is retrieved by using the backscattering coefficient of synthetic aperture radar images from high-resolution ocean satellites. Wave height and wave frequency are calculated by combining the wave texture features in the synthetic aperture radar images, forming a multidimensional wind and wave parameter that includes wind speed, wave height, and wave frequency. The sea area is divided into sub-regions corresponding to each branch cable. Wind and wave parameters are extracted from each sub-region and sorted according to the time series of satellite remote sensing images to form the wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to each branch cable.

[0009] Preferably, associating the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence includes: The initial three-dimensional position is the construction record data during the laying of the submarine cable network, and the construction record data includes the longitude, latitude and depth of the branch cable during the laying; The initial three-dimensional position sequence of the branch cable is divided into several segments, and each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a spatial identification code; the wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cable is split according to the time node of satellite remote sensing image acquisition, and the wind and wave parameters of each time node are labeled with the spatial identification code of the corresponding area. By matching spatial identifier codes, a dataset is formed that associates the initial three-dimensional position of each branch cable with the wind and wave parameters at the corresponding time node. Each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a set of wind and wave parameter sequences that include the time dimension.

[0010] Preferably, the water flow drag force calculation model includes: The horizontal and vertical offsets of the branch cable are calculated using a water flow drag force calculation model. The horizontal and vertical offsets of each branch cable are matched sequentially according to the laying path of the branch cables, so that the offset data of adjacent branch cables are connected sequentially according to the laying path. For the boundary overlap area of ​​adjacent branch cables, the difference method is used to calculate the deviation value of the two offsets. Based on the deviation value, the offset overlap error of adjacent branch cables is removed to form the continuous three-dimensional path offset of each branch cable along the laying path.

[0011] Preferably, the step of collecting traveling wave signals under fault conditions using monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network includes: Traveling wave monitoring devices are deployed at each node of the submarine cable network, and adjacent node devices are synchronized with the sampling clock via GPS; the nodes include branch junction nodes and terminal station nodes. When the fault triggering conditions are preset, the monitoring device automatically collects the traveling wave signal under the fault state within a preset time period when the fault triggering conditions are detected.

[0012] Preferably, determining the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of the traveling wave signal includes: The traveling wave signals collected at adjacent nodes at both ends of the branch cable are extracted respectively, and the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between two adjacent nodes is calculated. If the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signal exceeds the preset range, the branch cable corresponding to the adjacent node is determined to be a faulty cable.

[0013] Preferably, determining the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of the traveling wave signal includes: Obtain the initial three-dimensional position data and three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the faulty branch cable. The points of the initial three-dimensional position data and the three-dimensional path offset are in one-to-one correspondence. According to the laying path sequence, the horizontal offset in the three-dimensional path offset is superimposed point by point to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the initial three-dimensional position, and the vertical offset is superimposed point by point to the depth coordinates of the initial three-dimensional position. During the overlay process, the overlay result at each point is checked for reasonableness to ensure that the coordinates after overlay conform to the seabed topography constraints. If the overlay result at a certain point does not conform to the seabed topography constraints, the corresponding 3D path offset of that point is re-acquired for verification and correction until the overlay results at all points conform to the seabed topography constraints, thus completing the point-by-point overlay.

[0014] A device for identifying faulty submarine cables, comprising: The wind and wave parameter module acquires wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the submarine cable network; transforms the submarine cable network into a network topology and divides it into multiple branch cables; extracts the wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the multiple branch cables respectively, forming a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cables. The path offset module obtains the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable, associates the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence, and inputs them together into the water flow drag force calculation model; after the water flow drag force calculation model is calculated, it outputs the three-dimensional path offset of the branch cable. The fault branch module uses monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; it uses wavelet transform algorithm to extract the arrival time of the traveling wave signals at the nodes, calculates the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes, and determines the fault branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals. The fault location module obtains the initial three-dimensional position and corresponding three-dimensional path offset of the faulty branch cable, and adds the three-dimensional path offset point by point to the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable.

[0015] An electronic device includes: a processor; and a memory storing a program, wherein the program includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method described in any of the preceding methods.

[0016] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions or computer programs that, when executed on a device, cause the device to perform any of the methods described above.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention relates to a method for determining a faulty submarine cable. The method includes: acquiring wind and wave parameters of the sea area covered by the submarine cable network; converting the submarine cable network into a network topology and dividing it into multiple branch cables to form a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to each branch cable; associating the initial three-dimensional position of each branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence and inputting them into a current drag force calculation model; outputting the three-dimensional path offset corresponding to each branch cable after calculation by the current drag force calculation model; collecting traveling wave signals under fault conditions using monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network; calculating the time difference of arrival of traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes and determining the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of traveling wave signals; and superimposing the three-dimensional path offset point by point onto the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable. By adopting the above scheme, wind and wave parameters are obtained, and the three-dimensional path offset of each branch cable is obtained by combining the water flow drag force calculation model. The wind and wave offset is accurately quantified and compensated. It breaks through the sea state limitation and relies on satellite remote sensing and node monitoring devices. It does not require underwater robots, drones or inspection vessels. It can avoid the problem of auxiliary tools being interfered with by wind and waves or unable to operate, and achieve all-sea state positioning, improving fault response efficiency. It is adapted to multi-branch mesh topology. First, the cable branches are divided and the differentiated offsets are calculated. Then, the faulty branch is locked by combining the traveling wave time difference. It avoids the problem that the traditional traveling wave method is difficult to distinguish branch faults and ensures the reliability of positioning in complex networks. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for determining a faulty submarine cable provided by the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fault determination device provided by the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A structural diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0020] The synchronization method provided in this application can be applied to mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) devices, laptops, and ultra-mobile personal computers. In this application, the specific type of terminal device is not limited to terminal devices such as mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, and personal digital assistants (PDAs).

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0022] As the core carrier of marine energy transmission and cross-sea communication, the stable operation of submarine cable networks is directly related to the grid connection of offshore wind power, the power supply of coastal cities, and the smooth operation of ocean communication links. It is a key infrastructure to ensure the needs of the marine economy and people's livelihood.

[0023] Because submarine cable networks are located in complex marine environments, wind and waves pose a dual risk: First, the drag force of water currents driven by wind and waves can cause cables to deviate from their initial laying positions, resulting in uneven cable stress, insulation wear, increased probability of short circuits, open circuits, and other faults, and interference with the stability of signal transmission. Cable deformation can even lead to signal attenuation or transmission delay. Second, wind and waves can interfere with traditional fault location methods. Monitoring methods relying on underwater robots, inspection vessels, and other tools are prone to deviations in operational trajectories or inability to go to sea in rough seas, making it difficult to detect faults in a timely manner.

[0024] If submarine cables fail under wind and wave conditions, it can not only cause offshore wind power outages, power outages in coastal areas, or communication disruptions, but also prolong the troubleshooting and repair cycle due to the impact of wind and waves, resulting in huge losses and even posing risks to the marine ecosystem. Therefore, monitoring submarine cable network faults under wind and wave conditions is crucial to ensuring the stable operation of marine infrastructure and reducing failure losses.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining a faulty submarine cable provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step 1: Obtain wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the submarine cable network; convert the submarine cable network into a network topology and divide it into multiple branch cables; extract the wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the multiple branch cables respectively to form a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cables; Furthermore, submarine cable networks are interconnected systems formed by multiple nodes and branches. Offshore facilities and land stations are often scattered and need to be connected to the junction nodes through branch cables to form a network-like transmission structure.

[0026] First, the rectangular sea area covered by the submarine cable network was determined. Continuous 24-hour images of this rectangular area were acquired using high-resolution oceanographic satellites. After radiometric calibration, geometric correction, and atmospheric correction, wind speed was retrieved using a model, and wave height and frequency were calculated using the JONSWAP wave spectrum, resulting in wind and wave parameter data including wind speed, wave height, and wave frequency. The JONSWAP wave spectrum is a classic model describing the energy distribution of ocean waves in a specific sea area and can be used to accurately calculate wave height and frequency.

[0027] In reality, submarine cable networks are mostly distributed in a mesh pattern, with intersecting lines and wide coverage. Directly processing them as a whole can easily lead to data chaos. Therefore, the first step is to obtain submarine cable laying design drawings and construction data, as well as data on multiple onshore terminal stations (A, B...) and multiple junction nodes (C, D, E...) and their laying paths. The onshore terminal stations are the connection hubs between the submarine cable and land-based facilities, responsible for electrical and signal conversion and transmission; the junction nodes are the core of the submarine cable network, converging branch cables, distributing electricity and signals, and ensuring interconnectivity; the laying path data is obtained from construction data and the trajectory of the laying vessel, including latitude, longitude, and topography. Then, the above data is imported into a spatial model and transformed into a mesh topology. Based on the correspondence between "topology edges and laying segments," multiple branch cables are divided, such as branch 1: AC, branch 2: CD, etc., and the laying positions of each branch cable are recorded. Transforming the submarine cable network into a network topology and dividing it into branches breaks down the complex network into independent small units, significantly reducing the difficulty of subsequent wind and wave parameter extraction and offset calculation.

[0028] By overlaying the laying locations of each branch cable with wind and wave parameters, hourly wind and wave parameters are extracted within the range of each branch cable. These parameters are then organized according to the time sequence of satellite remote sensing image acquisition to form a 24-hour wind and wave parameter sequence for each branch. This wind and wave parameter sequence enables precise binding between wind and wave parameters and branch cables, ensuring that the wind and wave data for each branch cable closely matches its own laying environment, providing accurate input for subsequent calculations of water flow drag force.

[0029] Step 2: Obtain the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable, associate the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence, and input them together into the water flow drag force calculation model; after the water flow drag force calculation model is calculated, output the three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the branch cable; Furthermore, retrieve the cable network completion measurement report and extract the initial three-dimensional position data of each branch cable (such as branch 1: AC, branch 2: CD); set sampling points at 10-meter intervals along the laying path, record the longitude, latitude, and depth of each sampling point, and form a "sampling point, initial three-dimensional coordinates" correspondence table.

[0030] The initial three-dimensional location data of each branch cable and the 24-hour wind and wave parameter sequence are imported into the data processing platform; the latitude and longitude of the sampling points are matched with the laying range of the branch cables, and then the hourly wind and wave parameters are bound to the initial coordinates of the sampling points according to the time dimension to form a related dataset of "initial three-dimensional coordinates of the sampling points and corresponding wind and wave parameters for the time period".

[0031] The input data for the water flow drag force calculation model includes: the initial three-dimensional coordinates (longitude, latitude, and depth) of the branch cable sampling points, the wind and wave parameters (wind speed, wave height, and wave frequency) for the corresponding time period, and the physical parameters of the cable (outer diameter and weight per unit length).

[0032] During model calculation, the water pressure is first calculated by combining the depth, and the water flow velocity and direction are derived by combining wind and wave parameters; then, based on the principles of fluid mechanics and combined with cable parameters, the horizontal and vertical drag forces are calculated; finally, based on the drag forces and seabed constraints, the three-dimensional path offset of each sampling point is output.

[0033] Based on the drag force and cable constraints, the horizontal (longitude, latitude) and vertical (depth) offsets of each sampling point are calculated, and the 24-hour three-dimensional path offset sequence of each branch cable is integrated and output.

[0034] Step 3: Using the monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network, collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; use wavelet transform algorithm to extract the arrival time of the traveling wave signals at the nodes, calculate the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes, and determine the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals. Furthermore, high-frequency current transformers are deployed at each node of the cable network as traveling wave monitoring devices. The nodes of the cable network include land terminal stations and junction nodes. When a short circuit or open circuit fault occurs in the network, the monitoring device automatically triggers the acquisition mode and synchronously records the current signal waveform data of the fault traveling wave at each node.

[0035] Traveling wave signals are electromagnetic signals generated and propagated along submarine cables when faults such as short circuits or open circuits occur. At the moment a fault occurs, a sudden change in voltage or current occurs at the fault point; for example, a short circuit causes a sharp increase in current, while an open circuit causes a sudden change in voltage. This sudden change propagates as electromagnetic waves from the fault point to nodes at both ends of the cable, such as nodes A, B, and C, forming a traveling wave signal. The propagation speed of the traveling wave signal is related to environmental factors such as cable material, insulation medium, and seawater temperature.

[0036] The wavelet transform algorithm is used to identify the first wave front of the traveling wave signal collected from each node. The first wave front is the signal change point when the fault traveling wave first arrives at the node. The timestamp corresponding to the change point is read as the arrival time of the traveling wave at each node. For example, the arrival time of node C is t_C=12.3ms and the arrival time of node D is t_D=15.8ms. Calculate the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signal between adjacent nodes, i.e., Δt_CD=|t_C-t_D| and Δt_AC=|t_A-t_C|.

[0037] If the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signal does not conform to the preset range, the branch cable is determined to be a faulty branch cable. When a traveling wave propagates in a cable, it travels along a fixed path at a stable wave speed. The theoretical propagation time between adjacent nodes (such as AC and CD) is calculated from the actual cable length and wave speed between the two nodes, and is the standard time when the cable is normal. If the cable is faulty, it will hinder the propagation of the traveling wave, causing changes in wave speed or abnormal propagation path, making the actual time difference deviate from the theoretical value. Therefore, by comparing the time difference with the preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether the corresponding branch is faulty.

[0038] Step 4: Obtain the initial three-dimensional position and corresponding three-dimensional path offset of the faulty branch cable, and add the three-dimensional path offset point by point to the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable.

[0039] Furthermore, retrieve the initial three-dimensional location data of the faulty branch cable: the branch contains multiple sampling points, each of which records the initial longitude, initial latitude, and initial depth; The three-dimensional path offset of the branch cable is retrieved synchronously, and the offset data corresponding to the time period of the fault is extracted. Each sampling point contains horizontal and vertical offsets. Specifically, the horizontal offset includes longitude offset and latitude offset, and the vertical offset is the depth offset.

[0040] The initial three-dimensional coordinates of the faulty branch and the corresponding time period offset are imported into the data processing system and superimposed point by point according to the principle of "one-to-one correspondence of sampling points": Horizontal direction: The longitude offset of each sampling point is superimposed on the initial longitude, and the latitude offset is superimposed on the initial latitude. For example, sampling point 1: 119°22′10″E+0.5m corresponds to the longitude offset, and 30°12′08″N+0.3m corresponds to the latitude offset. Vertical direction: The vertical offset is superimposed on the initial depth (e.g., sampling point 1: -18m + (-0.2m) = -18.2m); After the offsets of all sampling points are superimposed, the superimposed coordinates of each sampling point are connected in the order of the laying path to form a continuous longitude, latitude and depth trajectory line. Export the trajectory line as a vector format actual 3D position file, and mark the specific coordinates of each sampling point. This is the actual 3D position of the faulty branch cable, which can be directly used for subsequent fault diagnosis and repair work.

[0041] Compared with existing technologies, the method for determining faulty submarine cables of the present invention obtains wind and wave parameters of the sea area covered by the submarine cable network; transforms the submarine cable network into a network topology and divides it into multiple branch cables, forming a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to each branch cable; associates the initial three-dimensional position of each branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence and inputs them into a water current drag force calculation model; after calculation by the water current drag force calculation model, outputs the three-dimensional path offset corresponding to each branch cable; uses monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; calculates the arrival time difference of traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes and determines the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the arrival time difference of traveling wave signals; and superimposes the three-dimensional path offset point by point onto the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable. By adopting the above scheme, wind and wave parameters are obtained, and the three-dimensional path offset of each branch cable is obtained by combining the water flow drag force calculation model. The wind and wave offset is accurately quantified and compensated. It breaks through the sea state limitation and relies on satellite remote sensing and node monitoring devices. There is no need for underwater robots, drones or inspection vessels. It avoids the problem of auxiliary tools being interfered with by wind and waves or unable to operate. It achieves all-sea state positioning and improves fault response efficiency. It is adapted to multi-branch mesh topology. First, the cable branches are divided and the differentiated offsets are calculated. Then, the faulty branch is locked by combining the traveling wave time difference. It avoids the problem that the traditional traveling wave method is difficult to distinguish the branch faults and ensures the reliability of positioning in complex networks.

[0042] In one implementation, step 1 involves acquiring wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the submarine cable network using high-resolution marine satellite remote sensing images, including: Sea surface wind speed is retrieved using the backscattering coefficients of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images from high-resolution ocean satellites. Combined with wave texture features in the SAR images, wave height and frequency are calculated to form multi-dimensional wind and wave parameters including wind speed, wave height, and wave frequency. Specifically, the Sentinel-1C satellite, with a spatial resolution of 5m and a temporal resolution of 30min, was selected to acquire 48 SAR images covering the sea area over 24 hours. The image grayscale values ​​were converted to backscattering coefficients to eliminate sensor differences. Geometric correction was performed using the WGS84 coordinate system to ensure that the images correspond to actual latitude and longitude. Filtering was used to suppress speckle noise, preserve wave texture, and improve coefficient accuracy.

[0043] Using the CMOD6.1 model, input the backscattering coefficient and the incident angle to invert the wind speed at a height of 10m; Extract wave texture, convert it to wave power spectrum using two-dimensional Fourier transform, calculate effective wave height using JONSWAP model, and determine wave frequency by peak frequency of power spectrum. The final result is a multi-dimensional wind and wave dataset consisting of wind speed, wave height, and wave frequency, with each dataset grouped every 30 minutes.

[0044] The sea area is divided into sub-regions corresponding to each branch cable. Wind and wave parameters are extracted from each sub-region and sorted according to the time series of satellite remote sensing images to form the wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to each branch cable.

[0045] In one implementation, step 2, which associates the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence, includes: Specifically, the initial three-dimensional location data comes from the construction records in the cable laying completion data, including the longitude, latitude, and depth information during branch laying. This record is collected synchronously by the construction vessel's GPS positioning system and a depth sounder, recording sampling point data at preset intervals.

[0046] The construction record data format for each sampling point is as follows: Longitude: accurate to 0.0001°, e.g., sampling point 32: 119°22′36.7254″E; Latitude: accurate to 0.0001°, e.g., sampling point 32: 30°13′45.1826″N; Depth: accurate to 0.1m (negative values ​​indicate below sea level), e.g., sampling point 32: -22.3m.

[0047] The above data is imported into the storage unit of the database and sorted according to the laying order to form a data table including sampling point number, longitude, latitude and depth, which serves as the reference data for the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable.

[0048] The initial three-dimensional position sequence of the branch cable is divided into several segments, and each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a spatial identification code; the wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cable is split according to the time node of satellite remote sensing image acquisition, and the wind and wave parameters of each time node are labeled with the spatial identification code of the corresponding area. Specifically, the initial three-dimensional position sequence of the branch cables is first divided into segments of 10 sampling points along the laying path; a unique spatial identifier is assigned to each segment in the format of "branch number-segment number", such as the first segment being labeled "B2-S1" and the second segment being labeled "B2-S2". The latitude and longitude range corresponding to each segment is recorded simultaneously, such as B2-S1: 119°22′10″E-119°22′35″E, 30°12′08″N-30°12′20″N.

[0049] Then retrieve the 24-hour wind and wave parameter sequence of this branch, with one set of data per hour, for a total of 24 sets. After splitting by time node, compare the latitude and longitude range of each segment's spatial identifier code and label the wind and wave parameters of each time node with the corresponding identifier code: for example, if the wind and wave parameters of time period t8 (8 o'clock) cover the segment from B2-S1 to B2-S3, then label it "B2-S1 / B2-S2 / B2-S3" to ensure that each set of wind and wave parameters is accurately associated with the corresponding spatial segment.

[0050] By matching spatial identifier codes, a dataset is formed that associates the initial three-dimensional position of each branch cable with the wind and wave parameters at the corresponding time node. Each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a set of wind and wave parameter sequences that include the time dimension.

[0051] Specifically, in the data processing platform, the initial three-dimensional location data of each segment of the branch cable (such as latitude, longitude and depth of 10 sampling points in B2-S1) are first imported and labeled with the corresponding spatial identification codes; then, the 24-hour wind and wave parameter sequence with the labeled identification codes is imported, a total of 24 sets, with each set labeled with the covered identification codes.

[0052] The platform uses a built-in identifier matching algorithm to associate data according to the identifier consistency principle: for example, B2-S1 only matches wind and wave parameters labeled "B2-S1", and B2-S2 matches parameters labeled "B2-S2".

[0053] After matching, the data is organized according to the "segment-time" dimension: each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a set of wind and wave parameter sequences with a 24-hour time dimension. For example, the associated dataset of B2-S1 is "initial three-dimensional position + t1-t24 wind and wave parameters", which eventually forms multiple segmented associated datasets.

[0054] In one implementation, the water flow drag force calculation model in step 2 includes: The horizontal and vertical offsets of the branch cable are calculated using a water flow drag force calculation model. Specifically, the associated dataset of B2-S1 is input into the water flow drag force calculation model; the associated dataset of B2-S1 includes the initial three-dimensional coordinates of 10 sampling points and 18 sets of wind and wave parameters; The model first calculates water pressure based on depth, then uses wind speed and wave height to deduce water flow velocity and direction, and finally calculates horizontal and vertical drag forces based on cable parameters. Based on the constraints of drag force and seabed friction, the horizontal and vertical offsets of each sampling point are calculated, and the offset data of segment B2-S1 are integrated and output. Similarly, the calculation of the remaining segments is completed.

[0055] The horizontal and vertical offsets of each branch cable are matched sequentially according to the laying path of the branch cables, so that the offset data of adjacent branch cables are connected sequentially according to the laying path. Specifically, taking branch 1 (AC, 7 segments, identifiers B1-S1 to B1-S7) and branch 2 (CD, 7 segments, B2-S1 to B2-S7) as examples, the matching and connection process is illustrated: First, retrieve the offset data of the two branches, including the horizontal and vertical offsets of each sampling point, and then load the laying path sequence of branch 1 (A→C) and branch 2 (C→D) into the data processing system. Using the intersection node C as the connection benchmark, the offsets of the last segment of branch 1 (B1-S7, sampling point at C end) and the first segment of branch 2 (B2-S1, sampling point at C end) are matched according to the path order. For the boundary overlap area of ​​adjacent branch cables, the difference method is used to calculate the deviation value of the two offsets. Based on the deviation value, the offset overlap error of adjacent branch cables is removed to form the continuous three-dimensional path offset of each branch cable along the laying path.

[0056] Specifically, first extract the offset data of the two branches in the overlapping area. Each branch in the overlapping area contains 5 sampling points. The difference method is used to calculate the deviation value: for example, the deviation value between sampling point X1 (ΔX=0.6m) of B1-S7 and the corresponding sampling point X2 (ΔX=0.5m) of B2-S1 is |0.6-0.5|=0.1m.

[0057] If the deviation is ≤0.2m preset threshold, the average of the two offsets is taken as the correction value; if it exceeds the threshold, the monitoring data at node C is used for calibration.

[0058] After correction and removal of overlap error, the offsets of B1-S7 and B2-S1 are seamlessly connected to form a continuous three-dimensional path offset from branch 1 to branch 2 along the laying path.

[0059] In one embodiment, step 3, which involves using monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions, includes: Traveling wave monitoring devices are deployed at each node of the submarine cable network, and adjacent node devices are synchronized with the sampling clock via GPS; the nodes include branch junction nodes and terminal station nodes.

[0060] Specifically, high-frequency current transformers are deployed at each node as traveling wave monitoring devices, with a sampling frequency of 1MHz and an accuracy of 0.1A. The devices at the junction nodes C, D, E... are encased in waterproof shells and submerged on the seabed at the same depth as the cable.

[0061] Configure all traveling wave monitoring devices with BeiDou-GPS dual-mode positioning modules and start synchronization calibration: each device receives satellite clock signals and corrects the sampling clock deviation to ≤1μs with node A as the reference; after synchronization is completed, the sampling clocks of adjacent nodes such as A and C, C and D are kept consistent to ensure that the traveling wave signal acquisition time is synchronized when a fault occurs.

[0062] When the fault triggering conditions are preset, the monitoring device automatically collects the traveling wave signal under the fault state within a preset time period when the fault triggering conditions are detected.

[0063] Specifically, fault triggering conditions are pre-set in each monitoring device: a sudden current change value ≥500A indicates a short circuit fault, and a sudden current drop to 0 lasting ≥10ms indicates an open circuit fault.

[0064] The traveling wave monitoring device monitors the cable current signal in real time. When the monitoring device at node C detects that the current suddenly increases from 200A to 850A, which meets the short circuit triggering condition, it immediately and automatically triggers the acquisition mode.

[0065] According to the preset acquisition time period, such as 50ms, this covers the complete propagation cycle of the traveling wave. The waveform data of the traveling wave current signal within this time period is recorded synchronously, and the acquisition start time stamp is marked to ensure data traceability and provide a complete signal source for subsequent extraction of the traveling wave arrival time.

[0066] The wavelet thresholding denoising method is used to remove noise from the traveling wave signal, preserve the wavefront features, and extract the arrival time of the traveling wave.

[0067] Specifically, the traveling wave signal is imported into the data processing platform, and wavelet thresholding is performed using wavelet basis functions: a preset soft threshold is used to perform thresholding on the high-frequency coefficients after wavelet decomposition to remove random noise while preserving the abrupt change characteristics of the traveling wave front.

[0068] After denoising, the peak point of the first abrupt change in the signal, i.e. the leading edge of the wavefront, is identified by the wavelet modulus maxima method. The timestamp corresponding to this point is read, which is the time when the traveling wave arrives at node C, providing accurate data for the subsequent calculation of the time difference between adjacent nodes.

[0069] In one implementation, step 3, determining the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of the traveling wave signal, includes: The actual laying length of each branch cable is obtained from the cable construction completion data. Based on the GPS trajectory data of the construction vessel during the laying, the path arc length is calculated to obtain the actual length.

[0070] Based on the cable parameters and seawater temperature, the traveling wave velocity is calculated. The theoretical propagation time for the branch cable is calculated as follows: Theoretical propagation time = Actual laying length / Traveling wave velocity.

[0071] The traveling wave signals collected at adjacent nodes at both ends of the branch cable are extracted respectively, and the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between two adjacent nodes is calculated. Specifically, traveling wave signals under fault conditions are extracted from monitoring devices at adjacent nodes, and the arrival times of the traveling waves at the two nodes are obtained, i.e., the wavefront timestamps of each node are obtained. The arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes is then calculated.

[0072] If the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signal exceeds the preset range, the branch cable corresponding to the adjacent node is determined to be a faulty cable.

[0073] Specifically, the theoretical traveling wave propagation time of the branch is first retrieved, along with the actual traveling wave time difference between adjacent nodes, with a preset reasonable deviation range. If the deviation exceeds the reasonable range, the branch corresponding to the adjacent node is determined to be a faulty cable, providing a basis for subsequent fault location.

[0074] In one implementation, step 4, determining the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of the traveling wave signal, includes: Obtain the initial three-dimensional position data and three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the faulty branch cable. The points of the initial three-dimensional position data and the three-dimensional path offset are in one-to-one correspondence. According to the laying path sequence, the horizontal offset in the three-dimensional path offset is superimposed point by point to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the initial three-dimensional position, and the vertical offset is superimposed point by point to the depth coordinates of the initial three-dimensional position. During the overlay process, the rationality of the overlay result at each point is verified to ensure that the coordinates after overlay conform to the seabed topographic constraints. Seabed topographic constraints are key boundary conditions for the calculation and overlay verification of the three-dimensional path offset of the submarine cable, ensuring that the actual position of the cable conforms to the objective limitations of the marine topography. Specifically, these include constraints on the depth range of the marine area, such as different depth requirements for shallow and deep sea areas, as well as constraints on avoiding seabed obstacles. When the offset output from the water flow drag force model is overlaid, if the depth of the sampling point exceeds the preset range or enters an obstacle area, it is determined to violate the topographic constraints, and the offset needs to be corrected by backtracking. Ultimately, this ensures that the overlay result of all sampling points closely matches the actual seabed topography, preventing cable damage due to topographic issues and guaranteeing the accuracy of subsequent fault location and repair.

[0075] If the overlay result at a certain point does not conform to the seabed topography constraints, the corresponding 3D path offset of that point is re-acquired for verification and correction until the overlay results at all points conform to the seabed topography constraints, thus completing the point-by-point overlay.

[0076] Specifically, when the initial three-dimensional position of any segment sampling point of the faulty branch cable is superimposed with the three-dimensional path offset point by point, if it is found that the depth of a certain sampling point exceeds the lower limit constraint after superposition, the calculation of the three-dimensional path offset is backtracked to the three-dimensional path offset calculation stage. The wind and wave parameters and the initial three-dimensional coordinates corresponding to the sampling point are retrieved again, and the water flow drag force calculation model is input for recalculation. After correcting the original vertical offset, it is superimposed with the initial three-dimensional position again.

[0077] After correction, the depth of the sampling point meets the constraints, and the superposition results of the remaining sampling points all meet the requirements.

[0078] Follow this process to complete the review and correction of all segments of the faulty branch until the superposition results of all sampling points meet the constraints, and finally complete the point-by-point superposition of the faulty branch cable.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, a fault determination device includes: The wind and wave parameter module acquires wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the submarine cable network; transforms the submarine cable network into a network topology and divides it into multiple branch cables; extracts the wind and wave parameters for the sea area covered by the multiple branch cables respectively, forming a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cables. The path offset module obtains the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable, associates the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence, and inputs them together into the water flow drag force calculation model; after the water flow drag force calculation model is calculated, it outputs the three-dimensional path offset of the branch cable. The fault branch module uses monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; it uses wavelet transform algorithm to extract the arrival time of the traveling wave signals at the nodes, calculates the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes, and determines the fault branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals. The fault location module obtains the initial three-dimensional position and corresponding three-dimensional path offset of the faulty branch cable, and adds the three-dimensional path offset point by point to the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable.

[0080] An electronic device provided in this application embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor 301 and a memory 303. The memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method provided in the above embodiments.

[0081] See Figure 3 The electronic device also includes a bus 304 and a communication interface 302. The processor 301, the communication interface 302 and the memory 303 are connected through the bus 304. The processor 301 is used to execute executable modules, such as computer programs, stored in the memory 303.

[0082] The memory 303 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between this system network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 302 (which can be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, or metropolitan area network.

[0083] Bus 304 can be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 3 The symbol is represented by a single double-headed arrow, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0084] The memory 303 is used to store programs. After receiving an execution instruction, the processor 301 executes the program. The method executed by the apparatus defined by the process disclosed in any of the preceding embodiments of this application can be applied to the processor 301 or implemented by the processor 301.

[0085] Processor 301 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of processor 301 or by instructions in software form. Processor 301 can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can reside in a mature storage medium in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory 303. The processor 301 reads the information from memory 303 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0086] Corresponding to the above-described method for determining submarine faulty cables, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions or computer programs. When the computer-executable instructions or computer programs are called and run by a processor, the computer-executable instructions cause the processor to perform the steps of the above-described method for determining submarine faulty cables.

[0087] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxesFigure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0088] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0089] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining a faulty submarine cable, characterized in that, include: Obtain wind and wave parameters for the sea areas covered by the submarine cable network; The submarine cable network is transformed into a network topology, and the network topology is divided into multiple branch cables; Wind and wave parameters of the sea areas covered by the multiple branch cables are extracted respectively to form a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cables; The initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable is obtained, and the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable is associated with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence and input together into the water flow drag force calculation model. After calculation by the water flow drag force calculation model, the three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the branch cable is output; The monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network are used to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; the arrival time of the traveling wave signals at the nodes is extracted using a wavelet transform algorithm, the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes is calculated, and the faulty branch cable in the submarine cable network is determined based on the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals. The initial three-dimensional position and corresponding three-dimensional path offset of the faulty branch cable are obtained, and the three-dimensional path offset is superimposed point by point onto the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable.

2. The method for determining a faulty submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, High-resolution ocean satellite remote sensing images were used to obtain wind and wave parameters for the sea areas covered by submarine cable networks, including: Sea surface wind speed is retrieved by using the backscattering coefficient of synthetic aperture radar images from high-resolution ocean satellites. Wave height and wave frequency are calculated by combining the wave texture features in the synthetic aperture radar images, forming a multi-dimensional wind and wave parameter that includes wind speed, wave height, and wave frequency. The sea area is divided into sub-regions corresponding to each branch cable. Wind and wave parameters are extracted from each sub-region and sorted according to the time series of satellite remote sensing images to form the wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to each branch cable.

3. The method for determining a faulty submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of associating the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence includes: The initial three-dimensional position is the construction record data during the laying of the submarine cable network, and the construction record data includes the longitude, latitude and depth of the branch cable during the laying; The initial three-dimensional position sequence of the branch cable is divided into several segments, and each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a spatial identification code; the wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cable is split according to the time node of satellite remote sensing image acquisition, and the wind and wave parameters of each time node are labeled with the spatial identification code of the corresponding area. By matching spatial identifier codes, a dataset is formed that associates the initial three-dimensional position of each branch cable with the wind and wave parameters at the corresponding time node. Each initial three-dimensional position corresponds to a set of wind and wave parameter sequences that include the time dimension.

4. The method for determining a faulty submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water flow drag force calculation model includes: The horizontal and vertical offsets of the branch cable are calculated using a water flow drag force calculation model. The horizontal and vertical offsets of each branch cable are matched sequentially according to the laying path of the branch cables, so that the offset data of adjacent branch cables are connected sequentially according to the laying path. For the boundary overlap area of ​​adjacent branch cables, the difference method is used to calculate the deviation value of the two offsets. Based on the deviation value, the offset overlap error of adjacent branch cables is removed to form the continuous three-dimensional path offset of each branch cable along the laying path.

5. The method for determining a faulty submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of traveling wave signals under fault conditions using monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network includes: Traveling wave monitoring devices are deployed at each node of the submarine cable network, and adjacent node devices are synchronized with the sampling clock via GPS; the nodes include branch junction nodes and terminal station nodes. When the fault triggering conditions are preset, the monitoring device automatically collects the traveling wave signal under the fault state within a preset time period when the fault triggering conditions are detected.

6. The method for determining a faulty submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining faulty branch cables in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of the traveling wave signal includes: The traveling wave signals collected at adjacent nodes at both ends of the branch cable are extracted respectively, and the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between two adjacent nodes is calculated. If the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signal exceeds the preset range, the branch cable corresponding to the adjacent node is determined to be a faulty cable.

7. The method for determining a faulty submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining faulty branch cables in the submarine cable network based on the time difference of arrival of the traveling wave signal includes: Obtain the initial three-dimensional position data and three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the faulty branch cable. The points of the initial three-dimensional position data and the three-dimensional path offset are in one-to-one correspondence. According to the laying path sequence, the horizontal offset in the three-dimensional path offset is superimposed point by point to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the initial three-dimensional position, and the vertical offset is superimposed point by point to the depth coordinates of the initial three-dimensional position. During the overlay process, the overlay result at each point is checked for reasonableness to ensure that the coordinates after overlay conform to the seabed topography constraints. If the overlay result at a certain point does not conform to the seabed topography constraints, the corresponding 3D path offset of that point is re-acquired for verification and correction until the overlay results at all points conform to the seabed topography constraints, thus completing the point-by-point overlay.

8. A device for identifying faulty submarine cables, characterized in that, include: The wind and wave parameter module obtains wind and wave parameters for the sea areas covered by the submarine cable network. The submarine cable network is transformed into a network topology and divided into multiple branch cables of the network topology; wind and wave parameters of the sea areas covered by the multiple branch cables are extracted to form a wind and wave parameter sequence corresponding to the branch cables. The path offset module obtains the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable, associates the initial three-dimensional position of the branch cable with the corresponding wind and wave parameter sequence, and inputs them together into the water flow drag force calculation model. After calculation by the water flow drag force calculation model, the three-dimensional path offset corresponding to the branch cable is output; The fault branch module uses monitoring devices deployed at each node of the submarine cable network to collect traveling wave signals under fault conditions; it uses wavelet transform algorithm to extract the arrival time of the traveling wave signals at the nodes, calculates the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals between adjacent nodes, and determines the fault branch cable in the submarine cable network based on the arrival time difference of the traveling wave signals. The fault location module obtains the initial three-dimensional position and corresponding three-dimensional path offset of the faulty branch cable, and adds the three-dimensional path offset point by point to the initial three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable to generate the actual three-dimensional position of the faulty branch cable.

9. An electronic device, comprising: processor; A memory storing a program, wherein the program includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions or computer programs that, when executed on the device, cause the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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