Low-value and easy-to-consume waste sales tracking management method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-value consumable full-life-cycle tracking management method based on a full-process voucher chain, and belongs to the technical field of enterprise resource management. According to the method, a management system is constructed based on an inventory overview table (ZDZYHZL), an inventory mobile detail table (ZDZYHMX) and a configuration table, the whole process of basic data configuration, warehousing, getting (borrowing), returning, scrapping, inventory adjustment and waste sales is covered, operation traceability is achieved through a certificate chain closed loop, data consistency is ensured through atomic affairs and logic linkage, and the method has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in efficiency. And unauthorized operation is completely eradicated through fine-grained permission configuration. The method can be seamlessly adapted to the SAP ERP system, solves the problems of flow splitting, data distortion, operation non-traceability and the like in traditional management, is particularly suitable for fine management of low-value and high-consumption products of precision manufacturing enterprises, and improves the management efficiency and the compliance level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for tracking and managing the sales of low-value consumable waste, belonging to the field of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and intelligent manufacturing management technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the precision manufacturing industry, low-value consumables (such as cutting tools, measuring tools, and auxiliary materials) are characterized by high usage frequency, multiple circulation links, low unit price but large total volume. Their full-process management directly affects the company's production cost control, inventory turnover efficiency and compliance audit level.

[0003] The traditional ERP systems (such as SAP) and simple management tools currently used by enterprises have the following core defects:

[0004] 1. Process fragmentation and data disconnect: There is a lack of system-level linkage in the processes of receiving, issuing (borrowing), returning, scrapping, and selling. Data from each module is stored independently, resulting in the inventory overview table and the moving details table being out of sync, leading to discrepancies between the accounts and the actual inventory.

[0005] 2. Operations are not traceable and errors are difficult to correct: There is a lack of a unified voucher chain mechanism, business operations are not fully recorded, and erroneous operations cannot be accurately rolled back. Data can only be modified manually, which damages data integrity.

[0006] 3. Lax access control: Fine-grained access control is not implemented based on business scenarios (such as warehousing, posting, reversal, and sales), which poses a risk of unauthorized operations and fails to meet financial compliance requirements;

[0007] 4. Insufficient flexibility in inventory adjustment: Inventory of the same material with different codes cannot be quickly merged. It requires manual offline verification and entry, which is inefficient and prone to errors.

[0008] 5. Disconnect between scrap sales and inventory: After scrap materials are sold, the scrap inventory field is not automatically updated, resulting in distorted inventory data and affecting subsequent inventory analysis and decision-making.

[0009] In existing technologies, some solutions only achieve tracking of a single stage (such as issuance registration) and do not cover the entire lifecycle; a few solutions that introduce barcode technology only solve the physical identification problem and fail to achieve closed-loop credential chain, atomic updates, and cross-stage linkage at the data level. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent management method that covers the entire process, has strong data consistency, allows for operational traceability, and enables error correction and reversal. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for tracking and managing the sales of low-value consumables. This method overcomes the shortcomings of existing low-value consumables management systems, such as fragmented processes, inconsistent data, lack of operational traceability, and lax access control.

[0011] The technical solution of this invention: A method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables, which constructs a management system based on an inventory overview table, an inventory movement details table, and a configuration table. The configuration table includes a platform material table, a tool room table, and a storage location table, and includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Basic data configuration: Maintain the platform material table, tool room table, storage location table and permission configuration table, and enter basic information and permission values;

[0013] (2) Warehouse entry process: After the material requisition form is posted, the warehouse entry type voucher is automatically written to the inventory movement details table, and the unrestricted use inventory in the inventory overview table is updated synchronously.

[0014] (3) Issuance (borrowing) and return process: Initiate issuance (borrowing) application and generate corresponding voucher. When posting, check the inventory adequacy and update the inventory field synchronously. After the return application is checked, generate return voucher and update the inventory in reverse.

[0015] (4) Scrapping process: Enter the scrapping quantity and remarks, generate scrapping type voucher, and update the unrestricted use inventory and scrapping quantity simultaneously;

[0016] (5) Waste sales process: Verify user sales permissions and the adequacy of scrap inventory, generate sales type vouchers, and reduce the amount of scrap;

[0017] (6) Inventory adjustment process: Verify that the units of measurement of the source material and the target material are consistent, generate a two-way adjustment voucher, and update the inventory of both parties simultaneously;

[0018] (7) Reversal process: Initiate reversal of the posted voucher, generate reversal voucher, and update the inventory and original voucher status in reverse;

[0019] (8) Data query: Supports querying inventory overview and material movement details through multiple conditions, and supports data export and filtering.

[0020] In the aforementioned method for tracking and managing the entire lifecycle of low-value consumables, the configuration table also includes a permission configuration table. In step (5), user permission verification is completed by querying this table. Users with only "sales" permissions can only perform waste product sales operations.

[0021] In the aforementioned method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables, the voucher number of the inventory movement details table adopts the coding rule of "year + month + day + 4-digit serial number". The voucher types include warehousing, issuance, borrowing, return, scrapping, sales, adjustment, and reversal. All vouchers cannot be deleted and can only be corrected through reversal.

[0022] In the aforementioned method for tracking and managing the entire lifecycle of low-value consumables, the warehousing process in step (2) is seamlessly integrated with the SAPERP system. When the material requisition form is posted, the tool room number and platform material number information are automatically extracted and synchronized to the core data table through the standard interface.

[0023] In the aforementioned method for tracking and managing the entire lifecycle of low-value consumables, after the application for requisition (borrowing) is posted in step (3), the posting identifier of the inventory movement details table is marked as "X" if "posting quantity = application quantity" and "A" if "posting quantity < application quantity".

[0024] In the aforementioned method for tracking and managing the entire lifecycle of low-value consumables, the reversal process in step (7) only supports the execution of vouchers that have already been posted—posting identifier = "X" or "A", and cannot reverse "posting" type vouchers.

[0025] In the aforementioned method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables, the unrestricted inventory in the inventory overview table is automatically calculated using a logical formula: Unrestricted inventory = Total quantity received - Quantity issued - Quantity borrowed - Quantity scrapped.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the core advantages of the method of this invention revolve around four core aspects: "closed-loop process, strong data consistency, high operational security, and excellent adaptability," as detailed below:

[0027] (1) Full life cycle closed-loop management, breaking the process fragmentation: covering the complete process of low-value consumables from warehousing, requisition (borrowing), return, scrapping, inventory adjustment to waste sales, each link is linked at the system level, no manual connection is required, solving the pain point of "each module operates independently" in traditional management, and greatly improving management efficiency.

[0028] (2) Strong data consistency, eliminating discrepancies between accounts and actual inventory: Based on atomic transaction mechanism and logical linkage formula, the inventory overview table (ZDZYHZL) and the moving details table (ZDZYHMX) are updated in real time. Core fields such as unrestricted inventory, borrowed quantity, and scrapped quantity are automatically calculated to avoid manual input errors, and the consistency rate between accounts and actual inventory reaches 100%.

[0029] (3) Closed-loop traceability of voucher chain to meet compliance requirements: All business operations generate unique vouchers (standardized coding rules), and vouchers are associated with reference numbers to form a complete chain of "operation-voucher-reversal voucher", which supports full-process audit tracking; erroneous operations can be accurately reversed without deleting the original data, ensuring data integrity and traceability, and meeting the compliance requirements of financial and quality systems.

[0030] (4) Fine-grained permission control to reduce operational risks: Based on a dedicated permission configuration table, permissions are divided according to business scenarios such as "query, warehousing, posting, reversal, and sales". Only authorized users can perform the corresponding operations, eliminating unauthorized operations and especially ensuring the operational security of key links such as waste sales and reversal.

[0031] (5) Seamlessly adapt to SAP ERP with low deployment cost: Based on SAP ERP extension development, it reuses the system's standard interface and master data, without the need to reconstruct the existing information architecture. It can directly connect to the enterprise's existing ERP system, reducing deployment and migration costs and adapting to the existing IT environment of precision manufacturing enterprises.

[0032] (6) Flexible and adaptable functions to meet diverse needs: Supports practical functions such as inventory adjustment (merging inventory of different materials), fuzzy query, data export to Excel, and partial posting. It can cope with complex business scenarios such as "multiple codes for the same material" and "temporary inventory verification" and adapt to the diverse management needs of enterprises.

[0033] (7) Convenient and efficient operation, reducing labor costs: The interface is designed with reference to SAP ERP, supports drop-down selection, data pre-filling, and batch operation, reducing the workload of manual data entry; inventory is automatically updated and vouchers are automatically generated, avoiding repetitive work and reducing the human error rate.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a business process diagram of the entire life cycle of low-value consumables in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inventory overview query interface of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the application interface for the use of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] Embodiments of the Invention: The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing low-value consumables management, such as fragmented processes, inconsistent data, untraceable operations, and lax access control, and to achieve:

[0039] (1) Closed-loop linkage of the entire life cycle business (warehousing-borrowing-returning-scrapping-sales-adjustment);

[0040] (2) Atomistic synchronous update of inventory data (unrestricted inventory, borrowed quantity, scrapped quantity, etc.);

[0041] (3) All operations are documented and accurately revoked to ensure data integrity;

[0042] (4) Fine-grained access control based on business scenarios reduces the risk of unauthorized access;

[0043] (5) Seamless adaptation to SAP ERP system and master data synchronization improve system compatibility.

[0044] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables based on a full-process voucher chain. The management system is constructed based on an inventory overview table (ZDZYHZL), an inventory movement details table (ZDZYHMX), and configuration tables (platform material table ZPTWUL, tool room table ZGJS, and storage location table ZCFDW), and includes the following core processes:

[0045] (1) Basic data configuration

[0046] Maintain the platform's material list (ZPTWUL): Store basic information such as material number, description, specifications, unit of measurement, and standard unit price;

[0047] Maintenance Tool Room Table (ZGJS): Stores tool room number, description, and deletion flag; supports drop-down selection.

[0048] Maintain the storage location table (ZCFDW): Store the storage location number and location description to ensure traceability of material storage;

[0049] Maintain the permission configuration table: Enter permission values ​​for query, inventory entry, application, posting, reversal, scrapping, and sales, and support fine-grained permission verification.

[0050] (2) Core business processes

[0051] S1: Inbound Process

[0052] Material requisition form creation: The tool room custodian creates a material requisition form in the ERP system, checks the "Platform Management" field, and enters the tool room number and platform material number (drop-down selection is supported).

[0053] Synchronous posting: After the material requisition form is confirmed and posted, the system automatically writes an inbound type voucher (voucher number is year + month + day + 4-digit serial number) to ZDZYHMX, recording the material requisition form number, material information, posting quantity, tool room and other information;

[0054] Inventory Update: If the material record ZDZYHZL already exists, update the unrestricted inventory (ZFXZKC) = original value + posting quantity; if it does not exist, add a new record, initialize ZFXZKC to the posting quantity, and set the borrowed quantity (ZJYSL) and requested quantity (ZJYSQ) to 0.

[0055] S2: Borrowing / Return Process

[0056] Application Initiation: The user selects the target material line in the inventory overview interface and initiates a requisition (borrowing) application. The system pre-fills information such as material code, description, and inventory quantity. After the user enters the application quantity, storage location, applicant information, etc., the system saves the application. ZDZYHMX generates a requisition (borrowing) type voucher, and ZJYSQ in ZDZYHZL is updated to the original value + application quantity.

[0057] Posting Confirmation: After the warehouse manager verifies the physical goods, the posting is executed. The system verifies that the requested quantity is less than or equal to the unrestricted inventory. If approved, the ZDZYHMX posting quantity and posting date are updated, and the posting identifier (ZGZBS) is marked as "X" (full posting) or "A" (partial posting).

[0058] Inventory linkage: For requisition transactions, ZDZYHZL is updated synchronously: ZFXZKC = original value - posting quantity, ZJYSQ = original value - posting quantity; For borrowing transactions, ZFXZKC is updated synchronously: ZJYSQ = original value - posting quantity, ZJYSL = original value + posting quantity.

[0059] Return Processing: When a borrower initiates a return request, the system verifies that the returned quantity is less than or equal to the unreturned quantity. If approved, a return type voucher is generated, and ZDZYHZL is updated synchronously: ZJYSL = original value - returned quantity, ZFXZKC = original value + returned quantity.

[0060] S3: Disposal Process

[0061] Scrap application: Users can select a material line in the inventory overview interface, initiate a scrap application, and enter the scrap quantity and remarks (such as the reason for scrapping).

[0062] Voucher generation: The system writes scrapping type vouchers to ZDZYHMX, recording information such as scrapping quantity, operator, and posting date;

[0063] Inventory update: In ZDZYHZL, ZFXZKC = original value - scrapped quantity, and scrapped quantity (ZBFSL) = original value + scrapped quantity, to ensure that the inventory status is consistent with the physical inventory.

[0064] S4: Waste Sales Process

[0065] Sales Application: The tool room custodian selects the material line with the "Scrapped" status (ZBFSL>0) in the inventory overview interface, initiates a scrap sales application, and enters the sales quantity and remarks;

[0066] Permission verification: The system queries the permission configuration table and allows the user to continue operating only after confirming that the user has "sales" permissions;

[0067] Data writing: Write sales type vouchers to ZDZYHMX, recording information such as sales quantity, operator, and posting date;

[0068] Inventory synchronization: In ZDZYHZL, ZBFSL = original value - sales quantity, ensuring that scrapped inventory is consistent with sales outbound data.

[0069] S5: Inventory Adjustment Process

[0070] Adjustment Initiation: The user selects the material row to be adjusted (source material), enters the target material code and adjustment quantity, and the system verifies that the units of measurement of the source material and the target material are consistent, and the adjustment quantity is less than or equal to the unrestricted inventory of the source material.

[0071] Two-way vouchers: Generate "adjustment (out)" vouchers (source material) and "adjustment (in)" vouchers (target material) to ZDZYHMX, and record information such as adjustment quantity and operator;

[0072] Inventory update: Source material ZFXZKC = original value - adjusted quantity, target material ZFXZKC = original value + adjusted quantity (add a new target material if there is no target material record).

[0073] S6: Reversal Process (Error Correction)

[0074] Voucher Inquiry: The user enters the voucher number to be reversed, and the system verifies that the voucher exists and has been posted (ZGZBS="X"), excluding "posted" type vouchers that cannot be reversed;

[0075] Reversal execution: Select the target document line to execute the reversal. The system generates a reversal type document and updates the posting quantity of the original document ZDZYHMX in reverse.

[0076] Inventory rollback: Reverse update ZDZYHZL based on the original voucher type: Requisition / borrowing reversal restores ZFXZKC, borrowing reversal restores ZJYSL at the same time; scrapping reversal restores ZFXZKC and reduces ZBFSL; sales reversal increases ZBFSL.

[0077] (3) Data query and traceability

[0078] Inventory Overview Inquiry: Users can query ZDZYHZL data by material code, plant, tool room and other conditions to obtain status information such as unrestricted inventory, borrowed quantity, and scrapped quantity;

[0079] Detailed query: Select a material row to initiate a detailed query. The system will extract all movement records (inbound, borrowing, returning, scrapping, sales, etc.) of the material from ZDZYHMX, and supports filtering, sorting, and exporting to Excel.

[0080] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical solution of this invention, the following specific examples are provided:

[0081] Low-value consumables management scenario in the tool room of a precision manufacturing enterprise

[0082] (1) Scenario description: The enterprise tool room (No. GJ01) manages drill bits (Platform material number PT1001, SAP material number MAT001) through this system. The initial inventory is 50 pieces, the unrestricted inventory is ZFXZKC=50, the borrowed quantity is ZJYSL=0, and the scrapped quantity is ZBFSL=0.

[0083] (2) Execution process:

[0084] Borrowing application: Operator Zhang San initiated a borrowing application, with a quantity of 10 items, storage location 171C, the system generated voucher number 2410240001, and ZJYSQ in ZDZYHZL was updated to 10;

[0085] 1) Posting Confirmation: After warehouse manager Li Si verifies the physical goods, the posting is completed. The system verifies that 10 ≤ 50. After passing the verification, ZDZYHMX marks ZGZBS = "X", and ZDZYHZL is updated to ZFXZKC = 40, ZJYSQ = 0, and ZJYSL = 10.

[0086] 2) Return operation: Zhang San returns 5 items, the system generates a return voucher, and ZDZYHZL is updated to ZFXZKC=45 and ZJYSL=5;

[0087] 3) Scrap processing: After confirming that 3 drill bits are unusable, initiate a scrap application, the system generates a scrap certificate, and ZDZYHZL is updated to ZFXZKC=42 and ZBFSL=3;

[0088] 4) Scrap sales: 3 scrap drill bits are sold to customer A. The operator enters the sales quantity as 3. After the system verifies the permissions, a sales voucher is generated, and ZBFSL in ZDZYHZL is updated to 0.

[0089] 5) Error reversal: If an error is found in the sales quantity (it should actually be 2 units), an reversal application is initiated. The system generates a reversal voucher, and ZBFSL in ZDZYHZL is restored to 1 to ensure data accuracy.

[0090] This specific example verifies the feasibility of the invention in a real manufacturing scenario, realizing full-process data linkage, operation traceability, and error cancellation, effectively solving the pain points of traditional management.

Claims

1. A method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables, characterized in that, A management system is built based on the inventory overview table, inventory movement details table, and configuration table. The configuration table includes the platform material table, tool room table, and storage location table, and includes the following steps: (1) Basic data configuration: Maintain the platform material table, tool room table, storage location table and permission configuration table, and enter basic information and permission values; (2) Warehouse entry process: After the material requisition form is posted, the warehouse entry type voucher is automatically written to the inventory movement details table, and the unrestricted use inventory in the inventory overview table is updated synchronously. (3) Issuance (borrowing) and return process: Initiate issuance (borrowing) application and generate corresponding voucher. When posting, check the inventory adequacy and update the inventory field synchronously. After the return application is checked, generate return voucher and update the inventory in reverse. (4) Scrapping process: Enter the scrapping quantity and remarks, generate scrapping type voucher, and update the unrestricted use inventory and scrapping quantity simultaneously; (5) Waste sales process: Verify user sales permissions and the adequacy of scrap inventory, generate sales type vouchers, and reduce the amount of scrap; (6) Inventory adjustment process: Verify that the units of measurement of the source material and the target material are consistent, generate a two-way adjustment voucher, and update the inventory of both parties simultaneously; (7) Reversal process: Initiate reversal of the posted voucher, generate reversal voucher, and update the inventory and original voucher status in reverse; (8) Data query: Supports querying inventory overview and material movement details through multiple conditions, and supports data export and filtering.

2. The method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The configuration table also includes a permission configuration table. In step (5), the user permission verification is completed by querying this table. Only users with "sales" permission can perform waste product sales operations.

3. The method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voucher numbers in the inventory movement details table adopt the coding rule of "year + month + day + 4-digit serial number". The voucher types include receipt, issuance, borrowing, return, scrapping, sales, adjustment, and reversal. All vouchers cannot be deleted and can only be corrected through reversal.

4. The method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the warehousing process is seamlessly integrated with the SAP ERP system. When the material requisition form is posted, the tool room number and platform material number information are automatically extracted and synchronized to the core data table through the standard interface.

5. The method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the application for requisition (borrowing) is posted in step (3), the posting identifier in the inventory movement details table is marked as "X" for "posting quantity = application quantity" and "A" for "posting quantity < application quantity".

6. The method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (7), the reversal process only supports posting of vouchers with posting identifiers of "X" or "A", and cannot reverse "posting" type vouchers.

7. The method for full lifecycle tracking and management of low-value consumables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unrestricted inventory in the inventory overview table is automatically calculated using a logical formula: Unrestricted inventory = Total quantity received - Quantity issued - Quantity borrowed - Quantity scrapped.

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