Simulation method and device for upheaval structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy geology, and provides a method and a device for simulating a heave structure, and the method comprises the following steps: calculating a sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structural map of an ancient heave area according to an equal proportion to obtain a plane form size for simulating the ancient heave, and customizing rubber air bags with the same size according to the plane form size to obtain a simulation result; the method comprises the following steps: assembling a rubber air bag in a simulated terrain area, laying a simulation medium as a sedimentary layer in the simulated terrain area, and filling a filling medium into the rubber air bag, wherein the thickness of the simulation medium is equal to that of a sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structural map of the palaeoupheaval area; and the sedimentary layer swells along with the expansion of the rubber air bag until the sedimentary layer is in the upheaval form with the same proportion height as the sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structural map of the palaeoupheaval area to be researched. According to the method, the terrain upheaval is simply, quickly and effectively simulated, and the terrain upheaval can be more accurately simulated in equal proportion, so that the development and formation process of related faults in the formation process of the underground upheaval structure is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy geology technology, and specifically relates to a method and apparatus for simulating uplift structures. Background Technology

[0002] Uplift structures are among the most important structural features in oil and gas exploration and development, representing the most abundant type of structure for hydrocarbon accumulation. Whether in compressional basins or extensional basins, the cratons within these basins all contain ancient or modern uplift structures. These uplift structures and their associated faults play a crucial role in controlling hydrocarbon growth. In oil and gas exploration and development within cratonic basins, uplifts and faults are unavoidable structural phenomena.

[0003] However, existing simulations of uplift structures do not involve establishing physical simulation devices to simulate the formation of uplift structures and related faults. Therefore, current simulations of uplift structures cannot accurately simulate the development and formation process of uplift structures and related faults. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a method for simulating raised structures, the method comprising:

[0005] The structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area was calculated according to the same scale to obtain the planar shape and size of the ancient uplift. Based on this planar shape and size, rubber airbags of the same size were customized.

[0006] The rubber airbag is assembled in the simulated terrain area, and a simulated medium with a thickness proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area is laid as a sedimentary layer in the simulated terrain area.

[0007] The rubber airbag is filled with a filling medium until it reaches a height proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area to be studied, wherein the sedimentary layer bulges as the rubber airbag expands.

[0008] Optionally, the step of calculating the structural map of the sedimentary rock strata bottom of the paleo-uplift area according to a proportional scale includes:

[0009] Obtain the structural map of the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area to be studied;

[0010] The structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area to be studied is scaled down to the target size, and the scaled-down ratio is recorded.

[0011] Optionally, based on this planar shape and dimensions, a rubber airbag of the same size can be customized, including:

[0012] The rubber airbag is composed of two rubber parts enclosed together, and the shape of the filling medium on the surface of each rubber part is consistent with the simulated geological uplift shape.

[0013] One portion of the rubber has a filling hole for filling with a medium.

[0014] Optionally, the filling medium into the rubber airbag is a fluid.

[0015] Optionally, the step of filling the rubber airbag with a filling medium until the uplift morphology is proportionally scaled to the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer of the paleo-uplift area under study, followed by:

[0016] Based on the formation time of the ancient uplift area to be studied, the filling time for filling the rubber airbag to the height of the uplift morphology that is proportional to the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer of the ancient uplift area to be studied is obtained.

[0017] The flow rate of the filling medium entering the rubber air bladder is determined based on the filling time and the amount of medium injected into the rubber air bladder.

[0018] The present invention also provides a device for simulating a raised structure, comprising:

[0019] A custom module is used to calculate the structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area according to the same scale, obtain the planar shape and size of the simulated ancient uplift, and customize rubber airbags of the same size based on the planar shape and size.

[0020] The geological simulation module is used to assemble the rubber airbag in the simulated terrain area and lay a simulated medium of the same thickness as the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area as the sedimentary layer.

[0021] An inflation simulation module is used to fill the rubber airbag with a filling medium until the uplift shape is proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area to be studied, wherein the sedimentary layer bulges as the rubber airbag expands.

[0022] Optionally, the customized module includes two parts of rubber fabricated according to the planar shape and size of the simulated ancient uplift, and the two parts of rubber are spliced ​​together to form a rubber airbag.

[0023] Optionally, the geological simulation module includes a simulation area and a sedimentary layer, with the rubber airbag disposed on the simulation area and the sedimentary layer laid on the rubber airbag.

[0024] Optionally, a simulation groove is provided on the simulation area, and a through hole is provided in the simulation groove. The rubber airbag is disposed in the simulation groove and its filling hole cooperates with the through hole. The deposition layer is laid in the simulation groove and covers the rubber airbag.

[0025] Optionally, the simulation area includes multiple connecting plates, which are connected end to end in sequence to form the simulation groove.

[0026] The method for simulating uplift structures of this invention involves calculating a scaled-down map of the sedimentary rock strata floor of an ancient uplift area to obtain the planar dimensions of the simulated ancient uplift. Based on these dimensions, a rubber inflator of the same size is custom-made and assembled within the simulated terrain area. A simulated medium of the same thickness as the scaled-down map of the ancient uplift area is then laid as a sedimentary layer within this area. The rubber inflator is filled with a filling medium until an uplift of the same height as the scaled-down map of the ancient uplift area is achieved. The sedimentary layer rises as the rubber inflator expands. This method is simple, fast, and effective for simulating terrain uplifts. Furthermore, the scaled-down simulation allows for more accurate simulation, leading to a more accurate understanding of the development and formation process of related faults during the formation of underground uplift structures.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the simulation method for the raised structure in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a simulation device for a raised structure in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 A top view of a simulation device with a raised structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] In the figure, 1. Simulated area; 2. Rubber airbag; 3. Simulated tank; 4. Deposition layer; 5. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for simulating raised structures, the method comprising:

[0035] Step S10: Calculate the structural map of the sedimentary rock strata at the bottom of the ancient uplift area according to a proportional scale to obtain the planar morphology and dimensions of the simulated ancient uplift. Based on these planar morphology and dimensions, customize rubber airbags of the same size. It should be noted that customizing rubber airbags of the same size according to the planar morphology and dimensions of the ancient uplift takes into account the deformation process in paleogeography. In the process of paleogeography, the ancient uplift gradually rises from a flat and undeformed state. Therefore, customizing rubber airbags according to the planar morphology and dimensions of the ancient uplift and then filling them with a medium is consistent with the paleogeographic deformation process.

[0036] In one embodiment, calculating a structural map of the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift zone on a proportional scale includes:

[0037] Obtain the structural map of the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift area to be studied. Specifically, determine the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift area to be studied and obtain the structural map of the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift area to be studied.

[0038] The structural map of the sedimentary rock strata floor of the ancient uplift area to be studied is scaled down to the target size, and the scaled-down ratio is recorded. This facilitates subsequent scaled calculations of the sedimentary rock strata floor of the ancient uplift area, and the fabrication of rubber airbags of the same size.

[0039] In one embodiment, the structural map of the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift area under study is scaled down to the target size, including:

[0040] The structural map of the sedimentary rock strata at the bottom of the ancient uplift area under study is scaled down proportionally to 40cm*40cm to 60cm*60cm. In this invention, the structural map of the sedimentary rock strata at the bottom of the ancient uplift area under study is scaled down proportionally to 50cm*50cm. This is because 50cm*50cm is a suitable size, facilitates simulation, and most importantly, it is a size obtained by scaling down the structural map of the sedimentary rock strata at the bottom of the ancient uplift area under study proportionally.

[0041] In one embodiment, and based on this planar shape and dimensions, a rubber airbag of the same size is customized, including:

[0042] The rubber airbag is composed of two rubber sections enclosed together, with each section's surface filled with a medium, mirroring the simulated geological uplift. In this embodiment, the rubber airbag is formed by two enclosed surfaces, with the joint treated by heat fusion. Each rubber airbag surface is flattened and filled with water, consistent with the simulated geological uplift. The two rubber sections are bonded together, facilitating seamless heat fusion.

[0043] One portion of the rubber has a filling hole for filling with a medium. The filling medium can be delivered into the rubber air bladder through the filling hole to inflate the rubber air bladder.

[0044] Step S20 involves assembling a rubber airbag within the simulated terrain area and laying a simulated medium of the same thickness as the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the paleo-uplift area as a sedimentary layer. In this embodiment, the rubber airbag is completely glued to the simulated terrain area. By filling the interior of the rubber airbag with a medium, when the filling medium is appropriate, the filling hole and the filling medium inlet of the rubber airbag are heat-sealed, and the rubber airbag remains raised, thus lifting the sedimentary layer to form a paleo-uplift. Furthermore, the simulated terrain area is formed by a simulated component. The sedimentary layer is on the simulated component. The sedimentary layer is quartz sand or clay.

[0045] Step S30: Fill the rubber airbag with a filling medium until the uplift shape reaches the same height as the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift area under study. The sedimentary layers rise as the rubber airbag expands. By keeping the rubber airbag uplifted, the sedimentary layers are lifted to form a paleo-uplift. Paleo-uplifts are formed by the upwelling of plastic material from the deep lower crust and even the upper mantle, which accumulates upwards at the lower part of the paleo-uplift. The formation process involves the gradual accumulation of deep material in the core of initially flat strata, leading to gradual uplift. The simulation method of this invention is the same as the actual topographic uplift process. This method is simple, fast, and effective in simulating topographic uplift, and by simulating it at a constant scale, it can more accurately simulate the development and formation process of related faults during the formation of underground uplift structures.

[0046] In one embodiment, the filling medium inside the rubber airbag is a fluid, wherein the fluid is a liquid or slurry, specifically water or other liquid substances. Optionally, the slurry can be high-density slurry, which can be used as the filling medium. Of course, considering the compression ratio of the filling medium, a liquid, such as water, is generally chosen. However, it is more preferred to use high-density slurry as the filling medium, as its compression is small, which can further reduce simulation errors.

[0047] In one embodiment, a filling medium is injected into the rubber airbag until the uplift morphology reaches a height proportional to the bottom boundary tectonic map of the sedimentary rock layer of the paleo-uplift area under study, followed by:

[0048] Based on the formation time of the ancient uplift area to be studied, the filling time for filling the rubber airbag to the height of the uplift morphology that is proportional to the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer of the ancient uplift area to be studied is obtained.

[0049] Based on the calculated filling time and the amount of injected medium in the rubber air bladder, the flow rate of the filling medium entering the rubber air bladder is determined. In this embodiment, considering that the paleogeographic deformation process is a slow process, it is necessary to effectively control the flow rate of the filling medium inlet to accurately simulate the process of terrain uplift.

[0050] In one embodiment, the calculated filling time includes converting one million years into one hour of filling time. It should be noted that in paleogeographic timescales, "millions of years" are generally used, and the formation time of paleo-uplifts typically spans tens of millions of years. In this embodiment, one million years is converted into one hour of filling time. During media injection, the flow rate of the filling medium at the filling port is controlled by combining the injection volume and injection time. If the injection time is not considered, the simulation results may have significant errors. Optionally, other conversion ratios can be used, which can be determined based on the simulation situation, or different filling media can be considered for conversion.

[0051] In summary, this invention discloses a method for simulating uplift structures. By using a physical simulation device to model the development location and deformation characteristics of fault systems during the formation of underground uplift structures, the method aims to understand the structural deformation formation process, guide the characterization of faults in seismic profiles, identify favorable traps for oil and gas exploration, and provide a geological understanding of the formation mechanism of uplift structures. Furthermore, it determines the role of faults in the accumulation of oil and gas in uplifts, effectively guiding the deployment of drilling for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0052] This invention can quickly and accurately simulate the morphology of uplift structures, determine the formation process of uplift structures and associated faults, clarify the nature of faults, guide the stages and scale of oil and gas accumulation, identify favorable oil and gas reservoir areas, and improve drilling success rate.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a device for simulating a raised structure, comprising:

[0054] A customized module is used to calculate the structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area according to the same scale, obtain the planar shape and size of the simulated ancient uplift, and customize a rubber airbag 2 of the same size based on the planar shape and size.

[0055] The geological simulation module is used to assemble the rubber airbag 2 in the simulated terrain area and lay a simulated medium of the same thickness as the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area as the sedimentary layer.

[0056] The inflation simulation module is used to fill the rubber airbag with a filling medium until the uplift shape is proportionally the same height as the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area to be studied, wherein the sedimentary layer bulges as the rubber airbag 2 expands.

[0057] The various modules of this device realize the simulation of terrain uplift. The simulated terrain uplift structure is simple, fast and effective. Moreover, it is customized according to the planar shape and size obtained by calculating the bottom boundary structure map of sedimentary rock layers on a proportional scale, which makes the simulated terrain uplift more accurate. In turn, it makes the development and formation process of related faults in the formation of underground uplift structures more accurate.

[0058] In one embodiment, the customized module includes two rubber parts fabricated according to the planar shape and dimensions of the simulated ancient uplift, which are then joined together to form a rubber airbag 2. Specifically, the rubber airbag 2 can be formed by bonding the two rubber parts together. Each rubber part needs to be designed to simulate the relevant terrain structure, resulting in more accurate simulations when the airbag 2 is filled with a medium.

[0059] In one embodiment, the geological simulation module includes a simulation region 1 and a sedimentary layer 4. A rubber airbag 2 is disposed on the simulation region 1, and the sedimentary layer 4 is laid on the rubber airbag 2. Optionally, the sedimentary layer 4 is quartz sand or clay. Optionally, the simulation region 1 is made of metal and is rectangular; in this invention, it is square.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, a simulation groove 3 is provided on the simulation area 1, and a through hole 5 is provided in the simulation groove 3. A rubber airbag 2 is disposed in the simulation groove 3, and its filling hole cooperates with the through hole 5. A sedimentary layer 4 is laid in the simulation groove 3 and covers the rubber airbag 2. Optionally, the rubber airbag 2 is detachably assembled in the simulation groove 3. In addition, the simulation groove 3 is equivalent to the scaled-down size of the sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structure map of the paleo-uplift area to be studied. The size of the rubber airbag 2 is calculated by scaling down the paleo-uplift morphology of the sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structure map of the paleo-uplift area to be studied, and the planar morphological size of the simulated paleo-uplift is obtained. Based on the planar morphological size, a rubber airbag 2 of the same size is custom-made.

[0061] In one embodiment, the size of the simulated tank 3 is 40cm*40cm to 60cm*60cm. In this invention, the size of the simulated tank 3 is 50cm*50cm.

[0062] In one embodiment, the simulated area 1 includes multiple connecting plates, which are sequentially connected end-to-end to form a simulated groove 3. The dimensions of the connecting plates correspond to the dimensions of the enclosure area, and the height and thickness of the connecting plates are determined based on the thickness of the simulated medium. Setting the thickness of the connecting plates improves their stability, supports the thickness of the simulated medium, and prevents the simulated medium from crushing the baffle. The connecting plates are made of transparent glass for easy observation. Two symmetrically placed plates each have a side length of 50cm, a width of 10cm, and a height of 20cm; another two symmetrically placed plates each have a length of 30cm, a width of 10cm, and a height of 20cm. The four connecting plates are spliced ​​together to form a square with an outer side length of 50cm. Optionally, the diameter of the through hole 5 is 4cm.

[0063] In summary, this device specifically includes a rubber airbag 2, a simulated area 1, and a sedimentary layer 4. The rubber airbag 2 is placed on the simulated area 1, and the sedimentary layer 4 is laid on the rubber airbag 2. The size of the rubber airbag 2 is customized according to the planar morphological dimensions obtained from the proportional calculation of the sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structural map. By filling the rubber airbag 2 with a medium, the rubber airbag 2 can lift the sedimentary layer 4, realizing the uplift of the simulated terrain. The simulated terrain uplift structure is simple, fast, and effective. Moreover, the planar morphological dimensions customized according to the proportional calculation of the sedimentary rock layer bottom boundary structural map make the simulated terrain uplift more accurate, thereby making the development and formation process of related faults during the formation of underground uplift structures more accurate.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating raised structures, characterized in that, The method includes: The structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area was calculated according to the same scale to obtain the planar shape and size of the ancient uplift. Based on this planar shape and size, rubber airbags of the same size were customized. The rubber airbag is assembled in the simulated terrain area, and a simulated medium with a thickness proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area is laid as a sedimentary layer in the simulated terrain area. The rubber airbag is filled with a filling medium until it reaches a height proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area to be studied, wherein the sedimentary layer bulges as the rubber airbag expands.

2. The method for simulating raised structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural map of the sedimentary rock strata bottom boundary of the ancient uplift area calculated according to the same scale includes: Obtain the structural map of the lower boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area to be studied; The structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area to be studied is scaled down to the target size, and the scaled-down ratio is recorded.

3. The method for simulating raised structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on this planar shape and dimensions, a rubber airbag of the same size is customized, including: The rubber airbag is composed of two rubber parts enclosed together, and the shape of the filling medium on the surface of each rubber part is consistent with the simulated geological uplift shape. One portion of the rubber has a filling hole for filling with a medium.

4. The method for simulating raised structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling medium introduced into the rubber airbag is a fluid.

5. The method for simulating raised structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves filling the rubber airbag with a filling medium until the uplift morphology reaches a height proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layers in the paleo-uplift area under study, followed by: Based on the formation time of the ancient uplift area to be studied, the filling time for filling the rubber airbag to the height of the uplift morphology that is proportional to the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer of the ancient uplift area to be studied is obtained. The flow rate of the filling medium entering the rubber air bladder is determined based on the filling time and the amount of medium injected into the rubber air bladder.

6. A device for simulating a raised structure, characterized in that, include: A custom module is used to calculate the structural map of the bottom boundary of sedimentary rock layers in the ancient uplift area according to the same scale, obtain the planar shape and size of the simulated ancient uplift, and customize rubber airbags of the same size based on the planar shape and size (2). The geological simulation module is used to assemble the rubber airbag (2) in the simulated terrain area and lay a simulated medium of the same thickness as the bottom boundary structure map of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area as the sedimentary layer. An inflation simulation module is used to fill the rubber airbag with a filling medium until the uplift shape is proportional to the bottom boundary structure of the sedimentary rock layer in the ancient uplift area to be studied, wherein the sedimentary layer bulges as the rubber airbag expands.

7. The device for simulating a raised structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The customized module includes two rubber parts made according to the planar shape and size of the simulated ancient uplift, and the two rubber parts are spliced ​​together to form a rubber airbag (2).

8. The device for simulating a raised structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The geological simulation module includes a simulation area (1) and a sedimentary layer (4). The rubber airbag (2) is disposed on the simulation area (1), and the sedimentary layer (4) is laid on the rubber airbag (2).

9. The device for simulating a raised structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, A simulation groove (3) is provided on the simulation area (1), and a through hole (5) is provided in the simulation groove (3). The rubber airbag (2) is placed in the simulation groove (3) and its filling hole cooperates with the through hole (5). The deposition layer (4) is laid in the simulation groove (3) and covers the rubber airbag (2).

10. The apparatus for simulating a raised structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The simulation area (1) includes multiple connecting plates, which are connected end to end in sequence to form the simulation groove (3).

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