Cold-resistant cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cold-resistant cables, in particular to a cold-resistant cable which comprises a conductor and an insulating layer installed on the outer side of the conductor, an anti-pulling filler is arranged on the outer side of the insulating layer, a waterproof layer is connected to the outer side of the anti-pulling filler, and an outer sheath is fixed to the outer side of the waterproof layer. Accommodating grooves are formed in the outer side surface of the outer sheath at equal intervals, moving plates are connected to the interiors of the accommodating grooves, contact blocks are rotatably mounted on the front side surfaces of the moving plates, and fixed blocks are fixed to the outer side of the outer sheath at the corresponding positions of the front sides of the accommodating grooves. According to the cold-resistant cable, the inner side walls of the contact blocks made of copper and the outer side surfaces of the fixed blocks are rubbed to heat, the mechanical performance and the electrical performance of the cable can be maintained through the rise of the peripheral temperature, and cracking or insulation failure caused by material embrittlement can be avoided, so that the cold-resistant performance of the cable can be improved, and the cable can be conveniently used in cold regions; the production and manufacturing cost is reduced, and the use safety is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cold-resistant cable technology, specifically cold-resistant cables for use in the smart grid industry. Background Technology

[0002] Cables can be classified into different types according to their uses and performance. Cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cables are one of the many types of cables. Cross-linked polyethylene will harden and become brittle at low temperatures, losing its flexibility. If cold-resistant design is not carried out, the outer sheath and insulation layer of the cable may crack due to low temperature, leading to moisture penetration, reduced insulation performance, or even short circuit or leakage. Therefore, cold-resistant design is required for cables. For example, the patent disclosed in the prior art with publication number "CN213877647U" is entitled "A Cold-Resistant Cross-linked Polyethylene Insulated Power Cable". It discloses that by placing the copper core assembly inside the locking groove, the locking groove can fix the copper core assembly. A filler rope made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material is placed between the locking groove and the insulation layer. This reduces dense smoke in the event of a fire, thereby reducing air pollution and facilitating environmental protection and fire rescue work. By distributing the copper core assembly around the through hole inside the locking groove, filler material can be added inside the through hole, which facilitates cable bending while increasing the cable's compressive strength, making the cable suitable for various situations. Another example is the patent disclosed in the prior art with publication number "CN116189986B". Titled "A Cold-Resistant Cable," this invention discloses a fixed temperature requirement for the deformation of the temperature-changing element. Specifically, when this fixed temperature is reached, the heating wire is energized. However, after the heating wire generates heat, the insulation layer temperature rises, causing the temperature-changing element to return to its original deformation. When the heating wire is de-energized, frequent on / off cycles occur. By employing the aforementioned technical solution, when the temperature-changing element connects to the first contact, the first electromagnet attracts the first contact, and the heating wire is energized to heat the insulation layer. The insulation layer temperature gradually increases, and as the temperature rises, the temperature-changing element gradually returns to its original deformation. With this deformation, the first electromagnet attracts and moves the first contact closer to the temperature-changing element, maintaining a connection between them and ensuring sufficient heating time for the heating wire. This solves the problem of frequent on / off cycles of the heating wire.

[0003] The cold-resistant cables in the prior art improve their cold resistance by heating the heating wire with electricity. This not only makes the internal structure of the cable more complex and increases the manufacturing cost, but also causes the resistivity of the heating wire material to change at low temperatures, resulting in an increase in instantaneous current during startup. This may damage components and cause malfunctions, making the heating wire more susceptible to damage in cold weather. Therefore, the cold resistance of the cable is affected, making it unsuitable for use in the smart grid industry. So we propose a cold-resistant cable to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cold-resistant cable to solve the problem mentioned in the background art. Currently, cold-resistant cables on the market improve their cold resistance by heating with an electric heating wire. This not only makes the internal structure of the cable more complex and increases the manufacturing cost, but also causes the resistivity of the heating wire material to change at low temperatures, resulting in an increase in instantaneous current during startup, which may damage components and cause malfunctions. Consequently, the heating wire is easily damaged when used in cold weather, thus affecting the cold resistance of the cable and making it unsuitable for use in the smart grid industry.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cold-resistant cable, comprising a conductor and an insulation layer installed on its outer side, wherein a tensile-resistant filler is provided on the outer side of the insulation layer, a waterproof layer is connected to the outer side of the tensile-resistant filler, and an outer sheath is fixed on the outer side of the waterproof layer, and accommodating grooves are provided at equal intervals on the outer side of the outer sheath, a movable plate is connected inside the accommodating groove, and a contact block is rotatably installed on the front side of the movable plate, and a fixing block is fixed on the outer side of the outer sheath at the corresponding position on the front side of the accommodating groove.

[0006] Preferably, the outer sheath is made of cold-resistant polyolefin material.

[0007] Preferably, guide posts are installed at equal intervals inside the receiving groove, and the guide posts penetrate the interior of the moving plate, and there is a gap between the moving plate and the contact block.

[0008] Preferably, the rear inner diameter of the movable plate is larger than the inner diameter of the outer sheath, and the movable plate is located in the receiving groove, with the front inner diameter of the movable plate being larger than the rear inner diameter of the movable plate.

[0009] Preferably, the inner front wall of the movable plate is in close contact with the outer side of the fixed block, and both the fixed block and the movable plate are made of copper.

[0010] Preferably, an elastic filling layer is embedded on the outer side of the tensile filler. The elastic filling layer is made of polyurethane foam, which not only improves cold resistance but also buffers the stress of low-temperature shrinkage. The outer side of the elastic filling layer is arc-shaped and is in close contact with a portion of the inner wall of the waterproof layer, and the inner wall of the elastic filling layer is in close contact with a portion of the outer side of the insulating layer.

[0011] Preferably, the perimeter of the tensile filler is greater than the sum of the arc lengths of the two corresponding elastic filler layers.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating rod is installed in a slot on the outer side of the contact block, and a fan plate is fixed through the outer side of the rotating rod. A connecting rope is wound around the outer side of one end of the rotating rod, and a spiral spring is nested around the outer side of the other end of the rotating rod. A snap-fit ​​block is slidably connected in a slot on the inner side wall of the front side of the contact block, and one side of the snap-fit ​​block near the contact block is connected to one end of the connecting rope. The snap-fit ​​block is arranged in a "T" shape.

[0013] Preferably, control ropes are provided above and below the conductor, and the control ropes pass through the interior of multiple sets of moving plates and fixed blocks. The control ropes are fixedly connected to the moving plates and slidably connected to the interior of the fixed blocks. Moreover, the control ropes move synchronously with the moving plates.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing block, the moving plate, and the contact block are all arranged in a circular pattern.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the cold-resistant cable can maintain its mechanical and electrical properties by increasing the ambient temperature, avoiding cracking or insulation failure due to material embrittlement. Therefore, it can improve the cold resistance of the cable, making it easier to use in cold regions, reducing production costs, and improving safety during use. The specific details are as follows: (1) When the contact block moves to the outside of the fixed block, the fan plate and the contact block rotate together due to the wind from the outside. This causes the inner wall of the contact block, which is made of copper, to rub against the outer side of the fixed block and generate heat. This raises the temperature around the entire cable in the low-temperature environment of winter. Therefore, the mechanical and electrical properties of the cable can be maintained by raising the ambient temperature, avoiding cracking or insulation failure due to material embrittlement. This improves the cold resistance of the cable, makes it easier for the cable to be used in cold regions, reduces the production cost, and improves the safety during use. By using an elastic filler layer made of polyurethane foam, not only can it have good cold resistance, but it can also further fill the gap between the waterproof layer and the tensile filler. This allows the elastic filler layer to buffer the stress of low-temperature shrinkage and prevent the insulation layer and outer sheath from deforming due to compression.

[0016] (2) When the contact block moves toward the fixed block, the fixed block blocks the snap-fit ​​block, allowing the snap-fit ​​block to pull the connecting rope, which in turn causes the connecting rope to automatically drive the rotating rod and the fan plate to rotate, so that the fan plate rotates into a vertical state. The operation is convenient and does not require manual operation. Later, the fan plate is rotated into the contact block for storage, which will not affect the entire cable winding operation. (3) By pulling the control rope backward or forward, the control rope can drive multiple sets of moving plates and contact blocks to move backward or forward, which makes it easy to adjust the position of multiple sets of moving plates and contact blocks. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a bottom view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tensile filler of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tensile filler and the tensile filler separation structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing block of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the outer sheath and the contact block of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the separate structure of the fixed block, the movable plate, and the contact block of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Conductor; 2. Insulation layer; 3. Tensile filler; 31. Elastic filler layer; 4. Waterproof layer; 5. Outer sheath; 51. Receiving groove; 52. Guide post; 6. Fixing block; 7. Control rope; 8. Moving plate; 9. Contact block; 91. Rotating rod; 92. Fan plate; 93. Connecting rope; 94. Clamping block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-9 The present invention provides the following technical solution: Example 1: The cold-resistant cable in this example maintains its mechanical and electrical properties by raising the ambient temperature, preventing cracking or insulation failure due to material embrittlement. This improves the cable's cold resistance, making it suitable for use in cold regions, reducing manufacturing costs, and enhancing safety during use. See attached diagram for the specific structure. Figures 1-8As shown, conductor 1 and an insulating layer 2 installed on its outer side are included. A tensile-resistant filler 3 is provided on the outer side of the insulating layer 2. A waterproof layer 4 is connected to the outer side of the tensile-resistant filler 3, and an outer sheath 5 is fixed to the outer side of the waterproof layer 4. The outer sheath 5 has equidistant grooves 51 on its outer surface. A movable plate 8 is connected inside the groove 51, and a contact block 9 is rotatably mounted on the front side of the movable plate 8. A fixing block 6 is fixed to the outer side of the outer sheath 5 at the corresponding position on the front side of the groove 51. The outer sheath 5 is made of cold-resistant polyolefin material. Guide posts 52 are installed at equal intervals inside the groove 51, penetrating the interior of the movable plate 8. There is a gap between the movable plate 8 and the contact block 9. The rear inner diameter of the movable plate 8 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer sheath 5, and the movable plate 8 is located in the receiving groove 51. The front inner diameter of the movable plate 8 is larger than the rear inner diameter of the movable plate 8. The front inner wall of the movable plate 8 is in close contact with the outer side of the fixing block 6. Both the fixing block 6 and the movable plate 8 are made of copper. An elastic filling layer 31 is embedded in the outer side of the tensile filler 3. The elastic filling layer 31 is made of polyurethane foam, which not only improves cold resistance but also buffers the stress of low-temperature shrinkage. The outer side of the elastic filling layer 31 is arc-shaped and is closely attached to a portion of the inner wall of the waterproof layer 4. The inner wall of the elastic filling layer 31 is closely attached to a portion of the outer side of the insulating layer 2.

[0021] The perimeter of the tensile filler 3 is greater than the sum of the arc lengths of the two corresponding elastic filler layers 31. A rotating rod 91 is installed in a slot on the outer side of the contact block 9, and a fan plate 92 is fixed through the outer side of the rotating rod 91. A connecting rope 93 is wound around the outer side of one end of the rotating rod 91, and a spiral spring is nested around the outer side of the other end of the rotating rod 91. A snap-fit ​​block 94 is slidably connected in a slot on the inner side wall of the front side of the contact block 9. The side of the snap-fit ​​block 94 near the contact block 9 is connected to one end of the connecting rope 93. The snap-fit ​​block 94 is arranged in a "T" shape. Control ropes 7 are provided above and below the conductor 1. The control ropes 7 pass through the interior of multiple sets of moving plates 8 and fixed blocks 6. The control ropes 7 are fixedly connected to the moving plates 8 and slidably connected through the interior of the fixed blocks 6. The control ropes 7 move synchronously with the moving plates 8. The fixed blocks 6, moving plates 8 and contact blocks 9 are all arranged in a circular ring.

[0022] First, manually pull the front ends of the upper and lower control ropes 7 forward. At this time, the control ropes 7 slide forward in the holes in the fixed block 6, and the control ropes 7 pull multiple sets of moving plates 8 to slide forward. At this time, the moving plates 8 slide forward stably on the outside of the guide post 52, so that the moving plates 8 drive the contact block 9 to slide forward. When the front side of the contact block 9 slides to the outside of the fixed block 6, the inner wall of the front side of the contact block 9 is in contact with the outer side of the fixed block 6. Then stop pulling the front ends of the upper and lower control ropes 7 forward, and then tie the front ends of the upper and lower control ropes 7 to the outside of the corresponding outer sheath 5 for fixation, thereby ensuring the stability of the position of the moving plate 8 and the contact block 9 after movement.

[0023] When contact block 9 slides forward, the rear side of fixed block 6 abuts against and limits the locking block 94, preventing the locking block 94 from sliding forward with contact block 9. This causes the locking block 94 to pull the connecting rope 93, which in turn drives the rotating rod 91 and the fan plate 92 to rotate. At this time, the spiral spring nested on the outer side of the other end of the rotating rod 91 stores energy, causing the fan plate 92 to rotate into a vertical position. Then, the fan plate 92 is rotated by the external wind, which in turn drives the contact block 9 to rotate. Since both contact block 9 and fixed block 6 are made of copper, the inner wall of contact block 9 rubs against the outer side of fixed block 6 when it rotates, generating heat. This raises the temperature around the entire cable in low-temperature winter environments. Therefore, the increased ambient temperature helps maintain the mechanical and electrical properties of the cable, preventing cracking or insulation failure due to material embrittlement. This improves the cable's cold resistance, making it suitable for use in cold regions. It also eliminates the need for an additional power source and heating components, saving energy and improving the safety of the cable during use.

[0024] Then, the entire cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cable can be well used in the smart grid industry. The conductor 1 is oxygen-free copper, which makes the cable have low resistance and good flexibility, thus reducing transmission loss. The outer sheath 5 is made of cold-resistant polyolefin material. When the cable is in use, the elastic filling layer 31 made of polyurethane foam not only has good cold resistance, but also fills the gap between the waterproof layer 4 and the tensile filler 3. In this way, the elastic filling layer 31 can buffer the stress of low temperature shrinkage, prevent the insulation layer 2 and the outer sheath 5 from being deformed by compression, ensure stable power output, avoid large-scale power outages, and ensure people's quality of life.

[0025] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the cold-resistant cable in this example allows the contact block 9 to be separated from the fixing block 6 when used in environments with rising summer temperatures, preventing frictional heat generation. See attached diagram for the specific structure. Figure 1 -and appendix Figure 6As shown, when the cold-resistant cable is used in an environment with rising summer temperatures, similarly as described above, the front ends of the two control ropes 7 can be untied from the outer side of the corresponding outer sheath 5. Then, the front ends of the two control ropes 7 can be manually pulled backward, causing the control ropes 7 to pull multiple sets of moving plates 8 to slide backward and reset. The moving plates 8 drive the contact block 9 to slide backward and reset, separating the contact block 9 from the fixed block 6. At the same time, the stored force of the spiral spring on the outside of the rotating rod 91 automatically drives the rotating rod 91 to rotate in the opposite direction and reset. The rotating rod 91 drives the fan plate 92 to rotate in the opposite direction and reset. At this time, the fan plate 92 rotates into the groove opened on the outer side of the contact block 9 for storage and placement. Therefore, it is avoided that the external wind drives the fan plate 92 to rotate, and it is avoided that the cold-resistant cable will generate heat due to friction when used in an environment with rising summer temperatures. At the same time, after the fan plate 92 is rotated into the groove opened on the outer side of the contact block 9 for storage and placement, it will not affect the entire cable winding operation.

[0026] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold-resistant cable, comprising a conductor (1) and an insulation layer (2) mounted on its outer side, wherein the outer side of the insulation layer (2) is provided with a tensile-resistant filler (3), characterized in that: The outer side of the tensile filler (3) is connected to a waterproof layer (4), and an outer sheath (5) is fixed to the outer side of the waterproof layer (4). The outer side of the outer sheath (5) is provided with accommodating grooves (51) at equal intervals. The interior of the accommodating groove (51) is connected to a movable plate (8), and a contact block (9) is rotatably installed on the front side of the movable plate (8). A fixing block (6) is fixed to the outer side of the outer sheath (5) at the corresponding position on the front side of the accommodating groove (51).

2. The cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sheath (5) is made of cold-resistant polyolefin material.

3. The cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving groove (51) is equipped with guide posts (52) at equal intervals inside, and the guide posts (52) penetrate the interior of the moving plate (8), and there is a gap between the moving plate (8) and the contact block (9).

4. The cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear inner diameter of the movable plate (8) is greater than the inner diameter of the outer sheath (5), and the movable plate (8) is located in the receiving groove (51). The front inner diameter of the movable plate (8) is greater than the rear inner diameter of the movable plate (8).

5. A cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner front wall of the movable plate (8) is in contact with the outer side of the fixed block (6), and both the fixed block (6) and the movable plate (8) are made of copper.

6. The cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the tensile filler (3) is embedded with an elastic filler layer (31). The elastic filler layer (31) is made of polyurethane foam, which not only improves cold resistance but also buffers the stress of low-temperature shrinkage. The outer side of the elastic filler layer (31) is arc-shaped and is closely attached to a portion of the inner wall of the waterproof layer (4). The inner wall of the elastic filler layer (31) is closely attached to a portion of the outer side of the insulating layer (2).

7. A cold-resistant cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The perimeter of the tensile filler (3) is greater than the sum of the arc lengths of the two corresponding elastic filler layers (31).

8. A cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the contact block (9) is slotted and a rotating rod (91) is installed. A fan plate (92) is fixed through the outer side of the rotating rod (91). A connecting rope (93) is wound around the outer side of one end of the rotating rod (91). A spiral spring is nested around the outer side of the other end of the rotating rod (91). A snap-fit ​​block (94) is slidably connected to the inner side of the front side of the contact block (9). The side of the snap-fit ​​block (94) close to the contact block (9) is connected to one end of the connecting rope (93). The snap-fit ​​block (94) is set in a "T" shape.

9. A cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: Control ropes (7) are provided above and below the conductor (1), and the control ropes (7) pass through the interior of multiple sets of moving plates (8) and fixed blocks (6). The control ropes (7) are fixedly connected to the moving plates (8), and the control ropes (7) are slidably connected to the interior of the fixed blocks (6). The control ropes (7) move synchronously with the moving plates (8).

10. A cold-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed block (6), the movable plate (8), and the contact block (9) are all arranged in a circular shape.

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