WAMS front-end processor-oriented dual-channel data comparison method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-channel data comparison method and system for a WAMS front-end processor, and the method comprises the steps: after receiving a message application instruction, a WAMS front-end module analyzes the instruction, organizes two paths of messages of a PMU channel A and a PMU channel B corresponding to the same plant station according to the instruction requirements, and transmits the messages to a comparison module; checking the integrity of the two paths of messages, if the messages are incomplete, not comparing the messages, if the messages are all complete, extracting the configuration frames of the two paths of messages for comparison, if the configuration frames of the two paths of messages are inconsistent, giving an alarm, and if the configuration frames are consistent, sending out the alarm; if yes, screening out two data frames of the same section in the PMU channel A and the PMU channel B under the same plant station within the corresponding time length of the message, processing the screened data frames, judging whether the data frames are abnormal or not, and if yes, giving an alarm. According to the invention, automatic polling receiving, configuration frame consistency verification and data frame section comparison of double-link messages can be realized, and high reliability and high accuracy of real-time monitoring data of a power grid are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wide-area measurement technology for power systems, and more specifically, to a dual-channel data comparison method and system for WAMS front-end processors. Background Technology

[0002] Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) typically transmit data from PMU substations to the application end via WAMS front-end channels. Due to the lack of comparison between front-end channels, data anomalies frequently occur after manual / automatic channel switching, affecting the data quality of the WAMS and the use of advanced application functions. In existing technologies, front-end channels mostly transmit data via a single channel, lacking online closed-loop verification methods. Even when dual channels are used, only simple master-slave switching is performed, without cross-sectional comparison of configuration frames and data frames. This often results in single-channel anomalies (such as configuration drift, bit flips, and link packet loss) going undetected in a timely manner, relying solely on manual offline packet capture, which is inefficient. The dual-channel master-slave switching logic only considers link connectivity and does not perceive differences in data content, leading to latent, seemingly normal but actually erroneous faults remaining dormant for a long time. The lack of second-level closed-loop comparison methods fails to meet the power grid's maintenance requirements of "second-level alarms and minute-level inspections" and impacts the data used by subsequent advanced applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end processors, which can improve the reliability and accuracy of real-time power grid monitoring data.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] A dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end servers includes the following steps: Step 1: Send a message request instruction to the WAMS front-end module. After receiving the message request instruction, the WAMS front-end module parses the instruction and organizes two messages, PMU channel A and PMU channel B, under the same plant according to the instruction requirements, and returns the two messages to the comparison module. Step 2: The comparison module checks the integrity of the two packets. If a packet is incomplete, the comparison of this round of packets will not be performed; otherwise, proceed to step 3. Step 3: If both messages are received completely, extract the configuration frames of the two messages and compare them. If the configuration frames of the two messages are inconsistent, issue an alarm; otherwise, proceed to step 4. Step 4: If the configuration frames are consistent, then within the corresponding time length of the message, select two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B, process the selected data frames, and determine whether there are any abnormalities in the data frames. If there are, issue an alarm.

[0006] Preferably, in step 1: The comparison module sends message request instructions to the WAMS front-end module via UDP protocol at fixed intervals. After receiving the message request instructions, the WAMS front-end module organizes and sends UDP messages with a length of 1 second for PMU channels A and B under the same plant according to the instructions. The UDP message includes 1 configuration frame and at least 25 data frames.

[0007] Preferably, step 2, the integrity check, specifically includes: Check whether the two received UDP packets were received completely within the set time limit. If either packet is missing, it means that the packet reception is incomplete and a reception error alarm is issued. In this case, the packets in this round are not compared.

[0008] Preferably, in step 3, The configuration frames of the two messages are extracted and compared, including: number of PMUs, second division, actual second timestamp, transmission frequency, number of phasors, number of analog quantities, number of digital quantities, channel name, and conversion factor.

[0009] Preferably, in step 4, selecting two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B within the corresponding time length of the message specifically includes: Condition 1: Within a 1-second time window, select two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PUM channel B. The selection rule is as follows: |tA - tB| ≤ 1ms Where tA represents the time difference between two data frames in PMU channel A, and tB represents the time difference between two data frames in PMU channel B; Condition 2: The sum of the seconds and milliseconds in each of the two data frames is equal; If the above two conditions are met, it means that the data frame is two data frames from the same cross section of the two channels; if there are multiple identical cross sections, the data frame with the smallest sequence number is selected.

[0010] Preferably, step 4, processing the filtered data frames, specifically includes: Consistency calculations are performed on the synchronization phasors, frequencies, analog quantities, and switching quantities in the two selected data frames. The weighted Euclidean distance algorithm is used to obtain the weighted distance.

[0011] Preferably, step 4, determining whether the data frame is abnormal, specifically includes: If the weighted distance is greater than the set threshold ε, it is determined that the cross-section is inconsistent, indicating that there is an anomaly in the data frame; otherwise, the data frame is normal.

[0012] This invention also proposes a dual-channel data comparison system for WAMS front-end servers, used to implement the dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end servers, including: The WAMS front-end module sends a message request instruction to the WAMS front-end module. After receiving the message request instruction, the WAMS front-end module organizes two messages corresponding to PMU channel A and PMU channel B under the same plant as required. The integrity check module performs integrity checks on both packets. If a packet is incomplete, it is not compared with the other packets in that round. If both packets are received completely, the data comparison module extracts the configuration frames and filtered data frames from the two packets for comparison. Specifically, within the corresponding time length of the packets, two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B are selected. The alarm module determines whether there is an anomaly in the message based on the comparison results, and issues an alarm if an anomaly is found.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium; The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the dual-channel data comparison method for the WAMS front-end.

[0014] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention proposes a dual-channel data comparison method based on a UDP request-response mechanism, enabling frame-by-frame and byte-by-byte online comparison of dual-channel messages with zero interference; completing configuration frame consistency verification and data frame cross-sectional difference calculation within seconds, with immediate graded alarms for anomalies; automatically recording offset addresses, original bytes, and timestamps, supporting rapid post-event tracing. It is used to achieve automatic polling reception, configuration frame consistency verification, and data frame cross-sectional comparison of WAMS front-end dual-link messages, ensuring high reliability and high accuracy of real-time power grid monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the dual-channel data comparison method for the WAMS front-end in this invention; Figure 2 This is a timing diagram of the application of the method in this invention (application → receipt → comparison → alarm). Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the frame comparison configuration in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the dual-channel data comparison system in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the dual-channel data comparison system and the dual channels of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end processors, characterized by the following steps: Step 1: Send a message request instruction to the WAMS front-end module. After receiving the message request instruction, the WAMS front-end module organizes two messages corresponding to PMU channel A and PMU channel B under the same plant. The comparison module sends message request instructions to the WAMS front-end module via UDP protocol at fixed intervals. After receiving the message request instructions, the WAMS front-end module organizes PMU channel A and PMU channel B under the same plant to send UDP messages with a length of 1 second respectively. The UDP message includes 1 configuration frame and at least 25 data frames.

[0019] Preferably, the fixed period can be set to 5 minutes. The message request instruction requires that a complete message stream be continuously sent for 1 second on each of the dual channels, and the message stream must contain at least one configuration frame and several data frames.

[0020] Step 2: Perform an integrity check on the two packets. If any packets are incomplete, do not compare them in this round; otherwise, proceed to Step 3. Specifically, after receiving two UDP packets, they are buffered into channel A buffer queue QA and channel B buffer queue QB respectively, and their integrity is checked, including: checking whether both packets are received within a preset time limit; if either packet is missing, it is marked as incomplete reception, and an alarm for reception abnormality may be triggered. At this time, no further comparison operation is required, and the system waits for the two packets in the next polling cycle. If the integrity check is normal, proceed to step 3 to compare the two packets.

[0021] Step 3: If both messages are received completely, extract the configuration frames of the two messages and compare them. If the configuration frames of the two messages are inconsistent, issue an alarm; otherwise, proceed to step 4. like Figure 3 As shown, each field of the configuration frame is compared sequentially. The comparison fields of the configuration frame include, but are not limited to: number of PMUs, configuration frame milliseconds, configuration frame seconds, transmission frequency, number of phasors, number of analog quantities, number of digital quantities, channel name, and conversion factor. If the configuration frames are inconsistent, a Level 1 alarm signal will be issued immediately to indicate that the configuration frames are abnormal. The alarm signal will include the attached req_id (request ID), the offset address of the abnormal field, and the original byte content of the configuration frame for display by the scheduling master station and manual verification.

[0022] If the configuration frames are consistent, proceed to step 4 to compare the data frames.

[0023] Step 4: If the configuration frames are consistent, then within the corresponding time length of the message, select two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B, process the selected data frames, and determine whether there are any abnormalities in the data frames. If there are, issue an alarm.

[0024] Since multiple data frames exist, this invention filters out two data frames from the same segment in PMU channel A and PMU channel B within the corresponding time length of the message, specifically including: Condition 1: Within a 1-second time window, select two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PUM channel B. The selection rule is as follows: |tA - tB| ≤ 1ms Where tA represents the time difference between two data frames in PMU channel A, and tB represents the time difference between two data frames in PMU channel B; Condition 2: The sum of the milliseconds and seconds of the two data frames in the dual-channel configuration is equal; If the above two conditions are met, it means that the data frame is two data frames from the same cross section of the two channels; if there are multiple identical cross sections, the data frame with the smallest sequence number is selected for comparison.

[0025] Furthermore, consistency calculations are performed on the synchronization phasors, frequencies, analog quantities, and switching quantities in the two selected data frames, and the weighted Euclidean distance algorithm is used to obtain the weighted distance. If the weighted distance is greater than the set threshold ε, it is determined that the cross-section is inconsistent, indicating that there is an anomaly in the data frame, and a level 2 alarm signal is issued; otherwise, it indicates that the data frame is normal.

[0026] Preferably, the threshold ε is set to 0.02%.

[0027] Further optimized methods write the comparison results, alarm information, original message timestamps, channel identifiers, and req_id to a log file and upload them through the scheduling master station interface, supporting real-time display and post-event traceability analysis.

[0028] Combination Figure 2 The indication, Figure 2 This is a timing diagram of the application of the dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end proposed in this invention, including the application → reception → comparison → alarm process.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention provides a dual-channel data comparison module for a WAMS front-end server, used to implement the aforementioned dual-channel data comparison method for a WAMS front-end server. The system includes: The WAMS front-end module sends a message request instruction to the WAMS front-end module. After receiving the message request instruction, the WAMS front-end module organizes two messages corresponding to PMU channel A and PMU channel B under the same plant. The WAMS front-end module also includes a front-end dual-channel UDP sending module, which is used to receive message request instructions and send UDP messages independently through two links. The two received messages are sent to the comparison module, which includes an integrity check module and a data comparison module, as detailed below: The integrity check module performs integrity checks on both packets. If a packet is incomplete, it is not compared with the other packets in that round. The integrity check module also includes a UDP receiving unit, which receives and buffers dual-channel UDP packets. It listens for and receives UDP packet streams from channel A and channel B. Based on the Socket dual-thread asynchronous receiving mechanism, it ensures high concurrency without packet loss. It adopts a circular buffer and timestamp index structure, and buffers the packets into QA and QB queues according to the channel, supporting continuous reception of high-frequency (e.g., 50Hz) packets.

[0030] When a message is not received completely, the integrity check module automatically clears the current QA / QB buffer and waits for the next polling cycle to avoid interference from dirty data.

[0031] If both packets are received completely, the data comparison module extracts the configuration frames and filtered data frames from the two packets for comparison. Specifically, within the corresponding time length of the packets, two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B are selected. The data comparison module also includes a configuration frame comparison unit and a data frame cross-section comparison unit. The configuration frame comparison unit compares the configuration frame content byte by byte and extracts the first CFG-2 configuration frame (identified by the PMU_CNT field) from the QA and QB queues respectively. If no configuration frame is received, a configuration frame missing alarm is triggered. The data frame cross-section comparison unit filters and compares data frames by cross-section. A hash index is established using the number of seconds (SOC) and the number of milliseconds (FRACSEC) as keys. Cross-sections are filtered based on the time window difference and the frame sequence number. The comparison content includes synchronous phasors (amplitude / phase), frequency, and analog quantities (active power, reactive power, voltage, and current).

[0032] The alarm module determines whether there is an anomaly in the message based on the comparison results, and issues an alarm if an anomaly is found.

[0033] Further preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, alarm signals are displayed through a visual alarm interface.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, it achieves zero modification to the PMU substation and front-end firmware and zero occupation of normal service traffic through the UDP bypass request-response mechanism; online closed-loop verification increases the single-channel latent fault detection rate from 0 to >99%, and the comparison traffic is <1% of the bandwidth; through a ring queue + dual-thread asynchronous reception and second-level byte-by-byte / weighted Euclidean distance calculation, CPU usage is <5% and detection latency is <1 second at a peak of 50 kfps; and it outputs the offset address + original byte, locating the fault to the bit level, reducing the troubleshooting time from hours to minutes; the adaptive threshold is compatible with 25 / 50 / 100 Hz multi-frame rates, eliminating the need for manual tuning; it fully reuses the existing dual-port front-end machine and main station node, requiring zero hardware additions, achieving second-level alarms across the entire network, and improving operation and maintenance efficiency by more than 90%.

[0035] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0036] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0037] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0038] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end processors, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Send a message request instruction to the WAMS front-end module. After receiving the message request instruction, the WAMS front-end module parses the instruction and organizes two messages, PMU channel A and PMU channel B, under the same plant according to the instruction requirements, and returns the two messages to the comparison module. Step 2: The comparison module checks the integrity of the two packets. If a packet is incomplete, the comparison of this round of packets will not be performed; otherwise, proceed to step 3. Step 3: If both messages are received completely, extract the configuration frames of the two messages and compare them. If the configuration frames of the two messages are inconsistent, issue an alarm; otherwise, proceed to step 4. Step 4: If the configuration frames are consistent, then within the corresponding time length of the message, select two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B, process the selected data frames, and determine whether there are any abnormalities in the data frames. If there are, issue an alarm.

2. The dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1: The comparison module sends message request instructions to the WAMS front-end module via UDP protocol at fixed intervals. After receiving the message request instructions, the WAMS front-end module organizes and sends UDP messages with a length of 1 second for PMU channels A and B under the same plant according to the instructions. The UDP message includes 1 configuration frame and at least 25 data frames.

3. The dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2, the completeness check, specifically includes: Check whether the two received UDP packets were received completely within the set time limit. If either packet is missing, it means that the packet reception is incomplete and a reception error alarm is issued. In this case, the packets in this round are not compared.

4. The dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3 The configuration frames of the two messages are extracted and compared, including: number of PMUs, second division, actual second timestamp, transmission frequency, number of phasors, number of analog quantities, number of digital quantities, channel name, and conversion factor.

5. The dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, selecting two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B within the corresponding time length of the message specifically includes: Condition 1: Within a 1-second time window, select two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PUM channel B. The selection rule is as follows: |tA - tB| ≤ 1ms Where tA represents the time difference between two data frames in PMU channel A, and tB represents the time difference between two data frames in PMU channel B; Condition 2: The sum of the seconds and milliseconds in each of the two data frames is equal; If the above two conditions are met, it means that the data frame is two data frames from the same cross section of the two channels; if there are multiple identical cross sections, the data frame with the smallest sequence number is selected.

6. The dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4, processing the filtered data frames, specifically includes: Consistency calculations are performed on the synchronization phasors, frequencies, analog quantities, and switching quantities in the two selected data frames. The weighted Euclidean distance algorithm is used to obtain the weighted distance.

7. The dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end machines according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 4, determining whether the data frame is abnormal, specifically includes: If the weighted distance is greater than the set threshold ε, it is determined that the cross-section is inconsistent, indicating that there is an anomaly in the data frame; otherwise, the data frame is normal.

8. A dual-channel data comparison system for a WAMS front-end server, used to implement the dual-channel data comparison method for a WAMS front-end server as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The WAMS front-end module sends a message request instruction to the WAMS front-end module. After receiving the message request instruction, the WAMS front-end module organizes two messages corresponding to PMU channel A and PMU channel B under the same plant as required. The integrity check module performs integrity checks on both packets. If a packet is incomplete, it is not compared with the other packets in that round. If both packets are received completely, the data comparison module extracts the configuration frames and filtered data frames from the two packets for comparison. Specifically, within the corresponding time length of the packets, two data frames from the same section of PMU channel A and PMU channel B are selected. The alarm module determines whether there is an anomaly in the message based on the comparison results, and issues an alarm if an anomaly is found.

9. A terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps of the dual-channel data comparison method for a WAMS front-end according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the steps of the dual-channel data comparison method for WAMS front-end as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images