Air-assisted intelligent feeding system and feeding control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-assisted intelligent feeding system and a feeding control method, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic product or livestock breeding automatic feeding, the feeding system comprises a feeding main machine, a discharging mechanism, a reversing mechanism, a feeding fan, a terminal distribution assembly and a control system, the reversing mechanism achieves directional switching of multiple feeding areas through a built-in reversing pipeline, and the terminal distribution assembly can promote feed distribution balance of all feeding nodes under the condition that frequent manual adjustment is not needed through a material receiving and discharging structure which changes step by step in the conveying direction. The system is simple in structure and reliable in operation, can effectively reduce the adjustment frequency and feed residues under the condition of large-scale breeding, is particularly suitable for large-scale breeding application under the environments of multiple feeding points, long pipelines and high humidity, improves the feeding consistency, improves the system sanitation, and prolongs the overall service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular relates to a pneumatic intelligent feeding system and feeding control method. Background Technology

[0002] As the aquaculture and livestock farming industries continue to develop towards large-scale, intensive, and standardized operations, the scale of farming is constantly expanding and the stocking density is significantly increasing. The production organization mode of farms is gradually shifting from decentralized, small-unit management to a centralized management model with multiple farming areas operating in parallel. In this process, material feeding, as a high-frequency core operation throughout the entire farming cycle, has a direct and significant impact on farming output, material utilization rate, and overall economic benefits due to its feeding efficiency, coverage, feeding uniformity, and operational stability. To meet the feeding needs of large areas, multiple regions, and high frequency, pneumatic feeding systems have gradually been widely used in aquaculture ponds and large-scale livestock farms due to their advantages such as long conveying distance, wide coverage, high degree of automation, and strong adaptability to complex farming environments, becoming an important part of the modern farming equipment system.

[0003] Existing pneumatic feeding systems typically include a storage structure, a feeding mechanism, an air supply unit, a conveying pipeline, and a distributor or terminal distributor installed in the pipeline. The basic principle is to use the airflow generated by the fan to transport materials in the form of a gas-solid two-phase flow to multiple feeding points, thereby realizing feeding operations in different breeding areas. In practical applications, in order to improve the utilization rate of a single device and reduce the number of devices required, some systems attempt to set up multiple distribution or distribution nodes in the conveying pipeline to enable one feeding host to supply materials to multiple breeding areas. However, due to limitations in the existing distribution structure and control method, such systems still have significant shortcomings in terms of operational stability and feeding uniformity.

[0004] In existing technologies, adjustable baffles, gates, or bolt-type adjustment components are commonly used in the terminal distribution stage to control the output of each branch. Material distribution is achieved by manually changing the position of the baffle or the opening of the channel. This method is highly dependent on the experience of the operators and lacks a unified, quantifiable, and repeatable adjustment standard. The adjustment process often requires multiple repeated trials to achieve an approximate effect, and the adjustment results of different personnel or at different times vary greatly. It is difficult to maintain the consistency of the output of each feeding point in the long term. Especially when there are many distribution nodes or long pipelines, the adjustment difficulty and maintenance workload increase significantly.

[0005] Meanwhile, since the material is transported in the form of a gas-solid two-phase flow during the pneumatic feeding process, the material particles have greater mass and inertia than air, and their trajectory is difficult to change with the airflow. At the bend or diversion point of the pipeline, the material particles tend to continue to move in the original direction, resulting in less material actually obtained by the distribution nodes at the front end of the pipeline, while the downstream nodes are prone to material concentration or accumulation, thus forming an uneven distribution phenomenon of "less material output at the front end and more material output at the end". This problem is particularly prominent in multi-node, long-distance conveying scenarios. Even by manually adjusting the baffles, it is difficult to eliminate the distribution deviation caused by particle inertia.

[0006] In addition, existing distributors are usually quite complex in structure, containing a variety of adjustment and guiding components. Under the combined effects of long-term material scouring, equipment vibration, and humid aquaculture environment, they are prone to wear, loosening, or jamming, which changes the original adjustment state and requires frequent inspection and recalibration. This not only increases maintenance costs and downtime risks but also affects the long-term reliability of the system. At the same time, the complex internal structure of the distributor is not conducive to cleaning, and material residues are prone to accumulate inside and become moldy or clump, which can lead to blockage or contamination of subsequent feeding materials.

[0007] From the perspective of the overall system configuration, some existing technologies are still mainly based on "one machine per area", that is, one feeding device corresponds to only one breeding area or one conveying pipeline. When there are multiple independent breeding areas in the farm, multiple feeding devices need to be configured, which leads to a significant increase in equipment purchase costs, installation land, power consumption and subsequent maintenance and management costs. At the same time, the decentralized operation of multiple devices makes it difficult to achieve centralized control and unified management, which is not conducive to the development of the farm towards refinement, digitalization and intelligence. While the diversion method of using multiple valves to control the on and off of branch lines can achieve regional switching to a certain extent, the structure is complex and there are many parts. The valves are prone to wear, jamming and sealing failure under material scouring and high humidity environments, resulting in poor long-term operational stability.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure and distribution principle of existing material feeding pipeline distributors in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and promote the further development of pneumatic feeding systems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention aims to solve the problems commonly found in existing pneumatic feeding systems for aquaculture or livestock farming, such as material residue in the feeding pipeline, susceptibility to moisture and clumping, difficulty in cleaning the pipeline after operation, and reliance on manual experience to adjust the fan and feeding rhythm.

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides a pneumatic intelligent feeding system and a feeding control method, wherein the pneumatic intelligent feeding system includes: The feeding host has an internal funnel for receiving materials; A diverter, located downstream of the funnel, includes a diverter housing and a feeding mechanism and a reversing mechanism integrated within the housing and interconnected therewith. The feeding mechanism includes a receiving cavity disposed within the distributor housing and a tilting rotor rotatably disposed within the receiving cavity. The tilting rotor is used to periodically and quantitatively output the material from the funnel. The reversing mechanism includes a reversing chamber disposed within the distributor housing and a reversing rotor rotatably disposed within the reversing chamber. A reversing pipe is formed inside the reversing rotor, and multiple diversion connecting pipes are arranged around the side of the reversing chamber. The reversing rotor is used to selectively guide materials to different diversion connecting pipes at different rotation positions. The terminal distribution component is connected to the diversion connection pipe on the diverter and includes multiple distributors. Each distributor is equipped with a receiving device. Along the material conveying direction, the windward projection area of ​​the receiving device in adjacent distributors gradually increases. Under the condition that the wind pressure of the conveying airflow gradually decreases along the path, the terminal drop point corresponding to each distributor obtains basically the same material output. Feeding blowers are used to generate airflow for conveying materials; The control system is communicatively connected to the feeding mechanism, the reversing mechanism, the terminal distribution component, and the feeding fan. It is used to control and adjust the operating power of the feeding fan, the start and stop of the feeding mechanism, and the reversing action of the reversing mechanism at different operating stages of the feeding operation, so that the material is conveyed with a stable gas-solid ratio during the feeding process.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the pneumatic intelligent feeding system and feeding control method described in this invention have the following advantages: 1. This application changes the method of achieving uniform feeding from "operational state adjustment" to "structural parameter preset". During the system design stage, based on the laws of airflow attenuation and material inertia, the receiving and discharging structures of each terminal distribution node are configured differently. This allows each distributor to complete the corresponding proportion of material interception and release based solely on its own geometric dimensions during actual operation. As a result, the entire system can operate stably according to the preset distribution target without manual adjustment after installation. This structured distribution method not only eliminates feeding deviations caused by manual adjustment errors, wear of adjustment mechanisms, or environmental changes, but also enables the system to have highly consistent feeding performance under different working conditions, achieving immediate use and reducing the dependence of the equipment on the experience level of the operators.

[0012] 2. This application introduces active or passive cleaning and evacuation mechanisms at key stages of feeding, conveying, reversing, and end distribution, ensuring that materials are always in a controlled and continuous discharge state throughout the entire feeding path. The flip-type feeding structure, combined with flexible sealing and scraping edges, effectively reduces residue in the feeding area. The closed reversing pipe and chip removal structure prevent material accumulation in the reversing cavity. At the control level, the feeding fan's multi-power mode is rationally switched before and after feeding, allowing the pipeline to be purged and kept dry after feeding. Thus, from both structural and operational logic perspectives, the conditions for material residue and moisture reabsorption are simultaneously cut off, ensuring that the system remains internally clean during long-term operation, reducing the risk of blockage and maintenance frequency.

[0013] 3. This application reduces the number of movable adjustable parts, decreases the system's reliance on real-time sensor feedback, and internalizes complex functions into stable and reliable structural relationships, enabling the feeding system to maintain consistent performance under long-term high-frequency operation conditions. It is particularly suitable for large-scale aquaculture applications with multiple feeding points, long pipelines, and high humidity environments. At the same time, the modular distribution structure and independent branch spreading design allow the system to be flexibly expanded or adjusted according to the scale of aquaculture without disrupting the overall distribution logic. While ensuring feeding accuracy and consistency, it also takes into account installation convenience and maintenance efficiency, achieving a balance between high reliability, low maintenance costs, and good scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic intelligent feeding system described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the feeding host described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the diverter described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial exploded structural diagram of the feeding section in the diverter described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the splitter structure described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the elastic connection between the reversing motor and the reversing rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the two-edge scraper rotor in the feeding section of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of the second elastic connection between the reversing motor and the reversing rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a half-section of the structure shown in the figure; Figure 10This is a side view of the rotating rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a partial exploded structural diagram of the splitter section in the splitter according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a half-sectional view of the shunt structure described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a side view schematic diagram of the commutating rotor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of the diverter according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A side view of the commutator rotor described in the figure; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the terminal allocation component described in this invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the distributor described in this invention; Figure 18 yes Figure 17 A front view schematic diagram of the distributor shown; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dispenser described in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the observation cover and the dispensing main tube are in a separated state; Figure 20 This is a control system diagram of the intelligent feeding system described in an embodiment of the present invention; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Feeding host; 11. Top flip cover; 12. Frame; 13. Funnel; 14. Barrel body; 2. With display and control panel; 3. Vibrator; 4. Diverter; 41. Feeding fan; 42. Tilting motor; 43. Tilting rotor; 431. Separating rib; 432. Rotor body; 433. First baffle; 434. Flexible seal; 44. Reversing rotor; 441. Reversing rotor body; 442. First connecting port; 443. Second connecting port; 444. Reinforcing rib; 445. Connecting gap; 446. Reversing pipe; 447. Edge notch; 45. Reversing motor; 46. Diverter housing; 461. First edge; 462. Second edge; 463. First connecting part; 464. Receiving part; 465. Conveying part; 466. First feed inlet; 467. Receiving part 468. Conveying channel; 469. Diverting section; 4610. Diverting connecting pipe; 4611. Reversing chamber; 47. Feeder cover; 48. Reversing mounting cover; 49. First bearing; 410. First cover; 411. Rotor bushing; 4111. First mounting chamber; 4112. Flower-shaped spring pocket; 412. Spring; 413. Transmission plate; 414. Thrust bearing; 415. Second bearing; 416. Tightening column; 417. Transmission gear column; 5. Terminal distribution assembly; 51. Distributor; 511. Distribution main pipe; 512. Connecting channel; 513. Diverting branch pipe; 514. Receiving device; 515. Discharge port; 516. First connector; 517. Second connector; 518. Observation cover; 519. Limiting plate; 52. Connecting pipe; 53. Spreading head. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] like Figures 1-19 As shown, this application discloses a pneumatic intelligent feeding system, comprising: The feeding host 1 has a funnel 13 inside for receiving materials; Diverter 4, located downstream of funnel 13, includes diverter housing 46 and feeding mechanism and reversing mechanism integrated in the housing and interconnected with each other. The feeding mechanism includes a receiving cavity 467 located in the distributor housing 46 and a flipping rotor 43 rotatably located in the receiving cavity 467. The flipping rotor 43 rotates at a preset rhythm under the action of a control signal. The flipping rotor 43 is used to periodically and quantitatively output the material from the funnel 13. The reversing mechanism includes a reversing chamber 4611 disposed within the distributor housing 46 and a reversing rotor 44 rotatably disposed within the reversing chamber 4611. A reversing pipe 446 is formed inside the reversing rotor 44, and a plurality of diversion connecting pipes 4610 are arranged around the side of the reversing chamber 4611. The reversing rotor 44 is used to selectively guide materials to different diversion connecting pipes 4610 at different rotation positions. The terminal distribution component 5 is connected to the diversion connection pipe 4610 on the diverter 4 and includes multiple distributors 51. Each distributor 51 is provided with a receiving device 514. Along the material conveying direction, the windward projection area of ​​the receiving device 514 in adjacent distributors 51 increases step by step. Feeding blower 41 is used to generate airflow for conveying materials; The control system is communicatively connected to the feeding mechanism, the reversing mechanism, the terminal distribution component 5, and the feeding fan 41. It is used to control and adjust the operating power of the feeding fan 41, the start and stop of the feeding mechanism, and the reversing action of the reversing mechanism at different operating stages of the feeding operation, so that the material is conveyed with a stable gas-solid ratio during the feeding process.

[0017] The pneumatic intelligent feeding system disclosed in this application highly integrates and coordinates the functions of gravity feeding, quantitative feeding, direction switching, and pneumatic conveying of materials. This transforms the entire feeding process from multiple independent and human-dependent operational steps into a continuous action jointly completed by a fixed structure and program control. During system operation, the control system starts the feeding fan 41 according to a pre-set feeding plan, creating a stable airflow and a continuous conveying environment within the system. Simultaneously, it drives the rotating rotor 43 within the receiving cavity 46 of the distributor 4. The material in hopper 13 rotates at a predetermined rhythm. Under the action of gravity, the material enters the receiving chamber 467 and is periodically received by the tilting rotor 43. When the tilting rotor 43 rotates to the release position, a fixed amount of material is sent into the conveying channel 468 connected to the reversing mechanism and is immediately carried by the airflow into the reversing chamber 4611. At this time, the control system drives the reversing rotor 44 to rotate according to the current feeding area setting, so that the reversing pipe 446 inside the reversing rotor 44 is accurately connected to the diversion connection pipe 4610 corresponding to the target area. The material flow is pushed by the airflow through... The reversing pipe 446 enters the corresponding branch connection pipe 4610 and is transported to the terminal distribution component 5 and then downstream along the main pipeline. During the transport process, the receiving devices 514 in each distributor 51 sequentially intercept the material with gradually increasing windward areas. This allows the front distributor 51 to receive a small amount of material under high wind pressure conditions, while the rear distributor 51 expands its receiving range under low wind pressure conditions. This ensures that each terminal discharge point receives a similar amount of material. As the wind pressure gradually decreases along the conveying airflow, the terminal distribution component 5 ensures that each distributor 51 receives a corresponding amount of material. The terminal feeding point receives basically the same amount of material output and delivers the material to the breeding area. When it is necessary to switch feeding areas, the control system adjusts the angle of the reversing rotor 44 so that the reversing pipe 446 is connected to another diversion connection pipe 4610. Meanwhile, the rotating rotor 43 and the feeding fan 41 work together to achieve sequential or directional feeding between different areas. At the end of the feeding stage, the control system stops the rotating rotor 43 and maintains the feeding fan 41 for a short time so that the remaining material in the pipeline is discharged under the action of airflow, completing one feeding cycle.

[0018] In some embodiments, the feeding mechanism further includes: A transmission assembly, which is connected to the tilting rotor 43, is used to transmit the power of the tilting motor 42 to the tilting rotor 43. The feeder cover 47 is fixedly connected to the distributor housing 46 and is used to close the receiving cavity 467 and to install and position the transmission components. A tilting motor 42 is mounted on the feeder cover 47, and its output end is connected to the transmission assembly to drive the tilting rotor 43 to rotate for periodic feeding of materials.

[0019] By introducing a collaborative structure of a flipping motor 42, a transmission component, and a feeder cover 47 into the feeding mechanism, the feeding process is transformed from discontinuous and easily fluctuating natural or extrusion feeding to rhythmically stable flipping quantitative feeding. The flipping motor 42 and the transmission component ensure the repeatability and consistency of each feeding action. The feeder cover 47 effectively reduces the risk of vibration and jamming by stably positioning the transmission components. The flipping and carrying feeding method reduces the possibility of material stress concentration and residue accumulation, making the material entering the pneumatic conveying system more uniform. This improves the overall reliability, controllability, and long-term operational stability of the feeding system.

[0020] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the feeding mechanism includes a first connecting part 463, a receiving part 464, and a conveying part 465 arranged sequentially and connected along the material conveying direction. The first connecting part 463 and the conveying part 465 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the receiving part 464. A first feed inlet 466 is provided on the first connecting part 463 and is connected to the funnel 13. A receiving cavity 467 is provided in the receiving part 464. A conveying channel 468 is provided inside the conveying part 465 and is connected to the reversing chamber 4611. By dividing the feeding mechanism into three functionally distinct and continuously connected structural units along the material conveying direction—a first connecting part, a receiving part, and a conveying part—the material can complete the entire process of introduction, carrying, and output according to a predetermined path after entering the feeding mechanism. The first connecting part 463 serves as the material inlet and connects with the upstream storage device. Its structural design ensures that the material can be introduced smoothly and centrally. The receiving part 464 serves as the core working area. The shape and size of its internal cavity are specially adapted to the movement trajectory and sealing requirements of the tilting rotor 43, providing a stable and confined working space for the tilting rotor 43, thereby realizing the quantitative interception and carrying of the material. The conveying part 465 serves as the material outlet. Its internal conveying channel 468 is used to collect and guide the material released from the tilting rotor 43, ensuring that it can smoothly and directionally enter the subsequent pneumatic conveying pipeline.

[0021] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the outer wall of the tilting rotor 43 and the inner wall of the receiving cavity 467 are mutually fitting conical surfaces, and the tilting rotor 43 is arranged with a gradually narrowing cross-section from the side near the feeder cover 47 to the side away from the feeder cover 47. Through the above arrangement, this application enables the tilting rotor 43 to form a more closely fitting and continuous fit within the receiving cavity 467. Compared with the traditional cylindrical surface or partial fitting structure, this conical surface fit can maintain a large-area contact state throughout the rotation process, thereby effectively reducing the ineffective gap between the two, avoiding material retention or leakage in the gap, and further improving the sealing and stability of the feeding area. At the same time, the inclined and gradually narrowing conical surface design structure forms a guiding effect that promotes the material to concentrate in the conveying direction.

[0022] As a preferred example of this application, the flipping rotor 43 includes a rotor body 432, with a plurality of raised partition ribs 431 spaced apart on the outer side of the rotor body 432, and a flexible sealing element 434 provided on the outer edge of each partition rib 431, the flexible sealing element 434 being interference-fitted with the receiving portion 464. This application employs a rotating rotor 43 structure with a partition rib 431 and a flexible seal 434, enabling the rotating rotor 43 to simultaneously possess the dual functions of partitioning and dynamic sealing. The partition rib 431 rationally divides the space between the rotor body 432 and the receiving cavity 467 into multiple relatively independent receiving areas, allowing the material entering the receiving cavity 464 to be orderly distributed and stably supported, thereby ensuring the uniformity and controllability of each feeding process and preventing the material from accumulating or flowing randomly during rotation. The flexible seal 434, located on the outer edge of the protrusion of the partition rib 431, fits tightly against the inner wall of the receiving cavity 467 through an interference fit, effectively filling the tiny gaps caused by manufacturing errors or long-term use. While improving sealing performance, the flexible material itself has good elasticity and conformability, allowing it to maintain continuous fit during rotation without causing significant resistance to the normal rotation of the rotor. At the same time, the flexible seal 434 and the partition rib 431 work together to enable the rotating rotor 43 to dynamically fit and organize the inner wall of the receiving cavity 467 while conveying materials, reducing material residue.

[0023] As a preferred example of this application, the flipping rotor 43 further includes a first baffle 433, which is disposed at one end of the rotor body 432 near the feeder cover 47, and the first baffle 433 is configured to cooperate with the inner wall of the receiving cavity 467.

[0024] As a preferred example of this application, the inner wall of the distributor housing 46 is provided with at least two circumferentially spaced edge structures, which are configured as scraping edges with an inclined angle along the rotation direction of the flipping rotor 43. In the example of this application, the edge structures are two edges respectively provided on both sides of the outlet of the receiving cavity 467, namely the first edge 461 and the second edge 462. When the flipping rotor 43 rotates, the first edge 461 and the second edge 462 scrape the outer circular surface of the flipping rotor 43 from the inside to the outside and from the outside to the inside, respectively, to remove residual material from the surface of the flipping rotor 43.

[0025] As a preferred example of this application, the feeding mechanism also includes: An elastic preload assembly is disposed between the flip rotor 43 and the drive end of the flip motor 42, and is used to apply a continuous axial preload force to the flip rotor 43.

[0026] Through the above settings, this application forms an adaptive clamping system that can actively compensate for gaps. The elastic pre-tightening component uses the elastic element to continuously output a stable axial force to reliably push the flipping rotor 43 against the inner wall of the receiving cavity 467, so that a tight fit can be maintained whether the flipping rotor 43 is stationary or rotating.

[0027] In some embodiments, the elastic preload assembly includes a spring 412 and a spring receiving portion for accommodating the spring 412. One end of the spring 412 abuts against the tilting rotor 43 or a component that rotates synchronously with the tilting rotor 43, and the other end abuts against the body or shoulder of the tilting motor 42 via a thrust bearing 414 and / or a clamping post 416. Specifically, as Figure 4 As shown, the elastic preload assembly includes a rotor bushing 411, a spring 412, a thrust bearing 414, and a clamping column 416. The rotor bushing 411 is fitted onto the tilting rotor 43. The spring 412 is fitted inside the rotor bushing 411 and located near the tilting motor 42. One end of the thrust bearing 414 is in contact with the output shaft end face of the tilting motor 42, and the other end is in contact with the clamping column 416. The clamping column 416 abuts against the tilting rotor 43, so that the spring 412 is always in a compressed state and applies an axial preload to the tilting rotor 43. This application provides a rotor bushing 411 with matching dimensions on the rotating rotor 43, and arranges a spring 412 on the inner side of the first mounting cavity 4111 of the rotor bushing 411 near the end of the rotating motor 42. This allows the elastic force of the spring 412 to be stably and evenly transmitted to the rotating rotor 43 through the rotor bushing 411. Thus, without changing the original transmission structure and rotation mode, it provides a continuous and reliable axial preload effect for the rotating rotor 43. Combined with the configuration of the thrust bearing 414 and the clamping column 416, this application ingeniously solves the problem of axial force transmission between the rotating components (the bushing and spring end synchronized with the rotating rotor 43) and the stationary rotating motor 42 body.

[0028] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a transmission plate 413 fixedly disposed on the rotating rotor 43. The transmission plate 413 is disposed between the feeder cover 47 and the rotating rotor 43. The transmission plate 413 has an inner hole or an inner cleaved surface. The output shaft end of the rotating motor 42 has a transmission structure or cleaved surface that cooperates with the inner hole or the inner cleaved surface. The transmission plate 413 is provided with a flower-shaped structure that cooperates with the partition ribs 431 on the rotating rotor 43.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the elastic preload assembly includes a spring 412 and a flower-shaped spring pocket 4112. The flower-shaped spring pocket 4112 is fitted onto the flipping rotor 43. The spring 412 is disposed inside the flower-shaped spring pocket 4112 and abuts against the flipping rotor 43, so that the spring is always in a compressed state and applies an axial preload force to the flipping rotor.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the transmission component is a transmission gear 417, which is fitted onto the shaft of the flip motor 42 through a tangential fit. The flip rotor 43 has internal teeth, and the transmission gear 417 meshes with the internal teeth of the flip rotor 43.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the feeding mechanism disclosed in this application includes a rotating motor 42, a rotating rotor 43, a first bearing 49, a rotor bushing 411, a spring 412, a transmission plate 413, and a thrust bearing 414. The rotor bushing 411 is sleeved on the rotating rotor 43, and the spring 412 is disposed inside the rotor bushing 411. The transmission assembly includes a transmission plate 413, which connects the rotating motor 42 and the rotating rotor 43 to transmit power. The thrust bearing 414 is disposed between the rotating motor 42 and the transmission assembly, and the first bearing 49 is disposed at the transmission end of the rotating rotor 43 away from the rotating motor 42.

[0032] In some embodiments, a vibrator 3 is provided near the bottom of the funnel 13.

[0033] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figures 11 to 15 As shown, the reversing mechanism also includes: The reversing mounting cover 48 is used to limit, press, and seal the reversing rotor 44 and the second bearing 415. The commutator motor 45 is fixedly mounted on the commutator mounting cover 48 and is connected to the commutator rotor 44 via a shaft head structure. The two ends of the reversing pipe 446 are the first connecting port 442 and the second connecting port 443, respectively. When the reversing rotor 44 rotates to different positions under the drive of the reversing motor 45, the reversing pipe 446 inside it can selectively connect the first feed port 466 to different diversion connecting pipes 4610 through the first connecting port 442 and the second connecting port 443.

[0034] This application introduces a combined structure of a reversing mounting cover, a reversing motor, and an internal reversing pipe into the reversing mechanism, ensuring that materials remain in a closed and controlled flow state during path switching. This allows the system to achieve directional and sequential feeding in multiple aquaculture areas under single-equipment conditions. The reversing process is stable and repeatable, avoiding leakage and residue problems caused by inaccurate path switching. The closed reversing pipe structure reduces the risk of material accumulation and contamination in the reversing area, improving the hygiene and reliability of the equipment during long-term operation. At the same time, the high degree of structural integration and the small number of parts reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs. Combined with the control system, it can achieve automated operation, effectively improving the efficiency and consistency of feeding operations in large-scale farms.

[0035] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 11 , Figure 14 As shown, the distributor housing 46 includes a distributor section 469, a reversing chamber 4611 disposed inside the distributor section 469, and a plurality of distributor connecting pipes 4610 radially distributed on the distributor section 469 and communicating with the reversing chamber 4611. In some embodiments, four distributor connecting pipes 4610 are provided, and in other examples, three or two distributor connecting pipes 4610 are provided.

[0036] As a preferred example of this application, the reversing rotor 44 includes a reversing rotor body 441. The discharge ports of the first communication port 442 and the second communication port 443 are arranged in the radial direction of the reversing rotor body 441. Multiple reinforcing ribs 444 are arranged in the axial direction on the inner side of the reversing rotor body 441. The reinforcing ribs 444 connect the reversing pipe 446 and the inner circular wall of the reversing rotor body 441, and form a communication gap 445 between adjacent reinforcing ribs 444. Through the above configuration, the discharge port can be aligned sequentially with each radially arranged diversion connection pipe 4610 during rotation. During equipment operation, the reversing motor 45 drives the reversing rotor body 441 to rotate around its own axis. When it rotates to the target position, the reversing pipe 446 directly connects with the corresponding diversion connection pipe 4610 through the radial discharge port. The material smoothly enters the corresponding diversion branch under the action of gravity and conveying airflow. Multiple reinforcing ribs 444 are arranged axially on the inner side of the reversing rotor body 441, and the two ends are not sealed. This enhances the deformation resistance and service life of the reversing rotor 44 under high-frequency switching and long-term operation conditions. At the same time, a connecting gap 445 is formed between adjacent reinforcing ribs 444. Under the premise of ensuring structural strength, it provides natural flow and release space for any loose material that may appear inside, preventing the material from accumulating locally inside the reversing rotor 44 and increasing rotational resistance or causing jamming. Thus, without increasing the complexity of the mechanism and control costs, the stability, durability and smooth operation are improved simultaneously.

[0037] As a preferred example of this application, the axial direction of the reversing chamber 4611 is parallel or perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveying channel 468 in the feeding mechanism. An approximately horizontal or approximately vertical L-shaped reversing pipe 446 is formed inside the reversing rotor 44. A chip discharge port is provided on the distributor housing 46 at the position corresponding to the reversing chamber.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figures 11 to 13As shown, the axial direction of the reversing chamber 4611 is parallel to the axial direction of the conveying channel 468. The first connecting port 442 is located in the axial direction of the reversing rotor body 441, and the second connecting port 443 is located in the radial direction of the reversing rotor body 441. A first notch is provided on the outer edge of the diverter housing 46 for installing the reversing mounting cover 48. Through this arrangement, the "pulsating" material flow from upstream, driven by the feeding drive mechanism, enters along a direction parallel to the axial direction of the reversing chamber 4611 under the propulsion of the airflow, directly facing the axial end face of the reversing rotor 44. It then flows through the first connecting port 442 on the reversing rotor 44 into the L-shaped reversing pipe 446 inside the reversing rotor 44, and flows out through the second connecting port 443 on the radial side, aligned with the corresponding diverting connecting pipe 4610 on the diverter housing 46. When it is necessary to switch the feeding area, the control system drives the reversing motor 45 to rotate the reversing rotor 44, and the second connecting port 443 on the radial side of the reversing rotor 44 rotates accordingly. The flow divider moves in a circumferential direction until it is aligned with the next target flow divider connection pipe 4610. Throughout the process, the first axial connection port 442 is always facing the main feed direction and continuously receives materials, ensuring the continuity of material supply during the switching process. For any small amount of material leakage or residue scraped off from the inner wall of the chamber, due to its own gravity and airflow, it can flow along the connection gap 445 to one side of the reversing motor 45. The first notch provided on the flow divider housing 46 serves as a chip discharge port, located on the side of the reversing chamber 4611, providing an escape outlet for the scattered materials, thereby avoiding accumulation around the rotating parts that could cause jamming or contamination.

[0039] In other embodiments, such as Figures 14 to 15 As shown, the axial direction of the reversing chamber 4611 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveying channel 468. The first connecting port 442 and the second connecting port 443 are both located in the radial direction of the reversing rotor body 441. A first discharge groove is provided at the bottom of the reversing chamber 4611. This configuration forms another reversing structure. By setting the axial direction of the reversing chamber 4611 to be perpendicular to the main feeding direction (the feeding direction of the conveying channel 468), that is, arranging the rotation axis of the reversing rotor 44 in a plane perpendicular to the mainstream material flow, a vertical installation of the reversing structure is achieved. This helps to reduce the overall length of the equipment in the feeding direction and optimize the overall structural profile to adapt to different installation space constraints.

[0040] In this embodiment, a notch 447 is provided on the main body 441 of the reversing rotor. During the rotation of the reversing rotor 44, the notch 447 contacts the inner wall of the reversing chamber 4611 of the distributor housing 46 to scrape away residues adhering to the inner wall of the reversing chamber 4611. Through this design, the reversing rotor 44 can continuously and automatically remove residues from the inner wall of the reversing chamber 4611 during operation, effectively avoiding reversing obstruction, jamming, or sealing failure caused by long-term material accumulation. Simultaneously, the notch position, along with the internal reinforcing ribs 444 and the connecting gaps 445 of the reversing rotor 44, forms a synergistic relationship, allowing the scraped residues to naturally detach from the inner wall under gravity and structural guidance and move downwards towards the reversing chamber 4611, and be discharged through the first discharge slot, which serves as a chip discharge port. This ensures that residual material is continuously carried away from the working area during the reversing process, reducing the probability of residues repeatedly adhering to the reversing area. In the example of this application, such as... Figure 15 As shown, two edge notches 447 are provided on the commutator rotor body 441.

[0041] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 3 or Figure 14 As shown, the commutation mechanism also includes a first cover 410, which covers the outside of the commutation motor 45 and is screwed to the splitter housing 46 after passing through the commutation mounting cover 48 with connecting screws.

[0042] As a preferred example of this application, the feeding blower 41 is mounted on the distributor housing 46, and its outlet is connected to the conveying channel 468 of the conveying section 465, for generating airflow to convey materials through the reversing chamber 4611 to the selected branch. In this example, by directly connecting or tightly connecting the outlet of the feeding blower 41 to the flange side of the distributor housing 46, the feeding blower 41 and the distributor housing 46 are integrated, eliminating the pressure loss and leakage problems caused by traditional external pipelines, reducing the power consumption of the equipment, and improving the reliability of the equipment operation. At the same time, the airflow inlet is close to the discharge point of the discharge section, which can immediately engulf and accelerate the falling material, avoiding the possibility of initial accumulation of material in the horizontal section, and ensuring the immediacy and smoothness of the conveying.

[0043] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figures 16 to 19 As shown, the terminal allocation component 5 includes: The main pipeline is used to transport materials under the action of airflow; Distributor 51 is arranged sequentially at intervals along the material conveying direction. Distributor 51 includes a main distribution pipe 511, a connecting channel 512 connected to the main pipe is formed inside the main distribution pipe 511, and at least one branch pipe 513 is provided outside the main distribution pipe 511. Connecting pipe 52 is used to connect two adjacent distributors 51, so that each distributor 51 forms a continuous main pipeline conveying path along the material conveying direction. Each distributor 51 is equipped with a receiving device 514, which is connected to the branch pipe 513 through the discharge port 515. The receiving device 514 is used to guide the material intercepted by the receiving device 514 in the main distribution pipe 511 into the branch pipe 513 and convey it along the airflow direction in the main pipeline. The receiving cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving device 514 in different distributors 51 is gradually increased.

[0044] This application introduces a distribution structure in the terminal distribution stage where the receiving cross-sectional area changes progressively along the conveying direction. This limits excessive interception when the airflow at the source is strong and expands the receiving range when the airflow at the end is weak, ensuring that each feeding node receives a relatively consistent material supply. This allows the feeding system to achieve natural and balanced distribution under multiple feeding nodes, effectively solving the long-standing problem of excessive feeding at the front end and insufficient feeding at the end in traditional pneumatic conveying systems. At the same time, it avoids the risk of failure and maintenance burden caused by introducing complex adjustment mechanisms in pursuit of balance. In long-term operation, the material output from each branch pipe is more stable and predictable, improving feeding consistency and the accuracy of aquaculture management.

[0045] As a preferred example of this application, the receiving device 514 is an inner pocket receiving structure located inside the main distribution pipe 511. The windward projection area of ​​the inner pocket structure is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel 512 on the main distribution pipe 511. Along the airflow conveying direction in the main pipeline conveying passage, the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port 515 inside each distributor 51 is gradually increased. This application employs an inner-loop material receiving structure and rationally matches its windward projection area with the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel 512. This ensures that the distributor 51 has good material receiving capacity while avoiding adverse effects on the airflow continuity within the main distribution pipe 511. This reduces the risk of blockage and operational instability caused by airflow obstruction during the conveying process. Furthermore, by progressively increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port 515 of different distributors 51 along the airflow direction, the distributors 51 located upstream use smaller discharge ports 515, maintaining stable material discharge even under strong and fast airflow conditions, preventing excessive instantaneous material discharge. Meanwhile, the distributors 51 located downstream use larger discharge ports 515 to reduce discharge resistance, ensuring smooth material discharge even as the airflow gradually weakens. This allows the system to automatically adapt to the objective law of airflow intensity attenuation along the path. Without the need for independent adjustment, the upstream and downstream feeding nodes can still obtain a relatively balanced and predictable feeding amount, effectively avoiding the common phenomenon of excessive feeding at the front end and insufficient feeding at the end in traditional structures. The inner pocket-type material receiving structure in this application refers to a functional structure set inside the main distribution pipe 511, designed for the inertial motion characteristics of granular materials, used to quantitatively capture and guide materials to the branch pipe. Its core function is to intercept and accommodate an "appropriate amount" of material particles through its "pocket-shaped" space of specific shape and size during the conveying of materials along the main distribution pipe by airflow.

[0046] As a preferred example of this application, the distributor 51 adopts a multi-port diversion structure. The number of diversion branches 513 is adapted to the number of ports of the distributor 51. Each diversion branch 513 is provided with a corresponding material receiving device 514 for intercepting materials. The material receiving cross-sectional areas of the multiple material receiving devices 514 on the same distributor 51 are equal. Through the above configuration, the distributor 51 of this application adopts a multi-port diversion structure and provides multiple material receiving devices 514 with equal receiving cross-sectional areas within the same distributor 51. This allows a single distributor 51 to simultaneously feed materials to multiple dispensing points. At the same time, the setting of material receiving devices with equal cross-sectional areas ensures that the amount of material obtained by each diversion branch 513 within the same distributor 51 is consistent, avoiding the problem of overfeeding or underfeeding in local areas. This helps to improve material utilization and maintain the consistency of feeding in the breeding area. In some examples, the distributor 51 may adopt a three-way, four-way, five-way or a split structure with more interfaces, with any two adjacent interfaces set at the same angle interval on the main distribution pipe 511.

[0047] As a preferred example of this application, the receiving device 514 is shaped as any one of a spoon shape, an arc shape, a circle or a polygon, or a combination of two or more of the above shapes.

[0048] As a preferred example of this application, a receiving port is formed on the receiving device 514, which is connected to the discharge port 515, and the receiving cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving port is smaller than the discharge cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port 515.

[0049] In some examples of this application, the distributors 51 of the terminal distribution component 5 are configured according to a predetermined distribution target. This configuration is based on an algorithm that determines the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving port and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port 515 of each distributor 51, so that the material quantity of each discharge branch meets the distribution target without on-site manual adjustment. To achieve uniform discharge quantity in all branch pipes 513, the algorithm determines the configuration of each distributor unit based on the following relationship: for the nth unit in a sequence of m distributor units along the airflow direction, the windward projected area of ​​its single receiving device 514. Sdn The circulation area with the allocation supervisor at the entrance of this unit. San The relationship between them satisfies: Sdn = San / (km × ηc); in, Sdn: The windward projected area of ​​the "inner pocket" corresponding to a single branch pipe; San: The nth distributor allocates the flow area inside the pipe at the main inlet (usually πD2 / 4). m： Total number of distributors; n: From the closest to the gas source end m Units ( n=m ) to the last unit ( n=1 The serial number of ) k: The number of branch pipes is set on the distributor; ηc: Particle capture efficiency coefficient (recommended value: 0.85 ~ 0.95); Explanation: Due to the airflow effect, some particles located at the edge of the inner pocket may slide past the inner pocket with the airflow and not be captured. Therefore, the actual inner pocket area needs to be slightly larger than the theoretical calculation value (i.e., divided by a coefficient less than 1). discharge port through hole area Skn satisfy:

[0050] Skn : The area of ​​the through hole between the branch pipe and the main distribution pipe; Qreq : Standard air volume of a single branch pipe as required by the design (the air volume required to transport a preset quantity of material); Qam: Total air volume at the entrance; Pan: Relative static pressure at the inlet (gauge pressure, unit Pa); Pout: The ambient pressure at the outlet of the branch pipe is usually 0, i.e., atmospheric pressure. ρ Air density (approximately 1.2 kg / m³). C d Flow coefficient (typically 0.6 ~ 0.7 for sharp orifices, and 0.8 ~ 0.9 for streamlined orifices); The closer to the end Pan The smaller the value, the smaller the denominator, and the larger the area of ​​the through hole. Skn The larger the pressure, the better, to ensure that the same airflow can be delivered even under low pressure.

[0051] As a preferred example of this application, the discharge cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port 515 is not less than 3 times the diameter of the material particles, and the material conveying wind speed in the diversion branch pipe 513 is not less than 12m / s.

[0052] This application introduces a pre-design and configuration algorithm based on physical models and mathematical relationships through the core quantitative distribution function. This transforms the uniformity of distribution by the terminal distribution component 5 from experience-based settings that rely on repeated trial and error by on-site personnel to precise interception based on scientific calculations. The scheme takes the inertial characteristics of material particles in the airflow as the core design basis and forms a clear material interception interface in the main distribution pipe through the inner pocket structure. This allows the distribution ratio to be determined by geometric dimensions rather than operating conditions, thereby avoiding the problem of unstable material output caused by airflow fluctuations or changes in operating conditions. At the same time, by differentiating the through-hole area of ​​the branch pipes, it actively compensates for the adverse effects of air pressure attenuation along the path, so that each distribution node in the entire pipeline has similar air supply conditions.

[0053] This application precisely calculates two key structural dimensions for each dispenser 51: the area of ​​the "inner pocket" receiving port used to intercept material ( Sdn ) and the outlet area used to control airflow and release material ( SknConsidering two core physical laws in pneumatic conveying systems: first, the inertial motion characteristics of material particles due to their large mass; and second, the attenuation law of airflow pressure and flow rate along the pipeline conveying direction, an algorithm was used to systematically customize different dimensions for each distributor 51 from the blower end to the end. For distributors 51 near the blower end (high pressure, high material density), the receiving device 514 (inner pocket structure) is designed to be very small, intercepting only a small portion of the total flow. Simultaneously, its outlet 515 is also designed to be small to generate greater resistance, limiting excessive airflow from "short-circuiting" out, thus ensuring sufficient air pressure in subsequent pipelines. For distributors 51 near the end (low pressure, material has been diverted multiple times), the receiving device 514... The dispenser is designed to be larger to capture a sufficient amount of material even when the material density decreases. At the same time, the area of ​​its discharge port 515 is increased to maintain sufficient branch wind speed to blow out the material even under lower wind pressure. This asymmetrical, flow-varying size series actively compensates for the inherent unevenness of the system from a structural perspective. This allows the entire distribution assembly to achieve a basic balance of feed amount at each feeding node with less on-site adjustment after installation. In addition, the algorithmic design internalizes complex functions into precisely calculated structural dimensions. The dispenser unit itself can be a simple injection-molded part, reducing movable adjustment parts, improving the reliability and stability of long-term operation, and reducing the risk of performance degradation due to wear and loosening of the adjustment mechanism.

[0054] Specifically, when the system starts up and the airflow carries the material into the main pipeline of the terminal distribution component, the m-th distributor 51 (closest to the feed fan 41) receives a full-flow, high-concentration material flow and high air pressure, and its inlet area is designed to be minimal according to the algorithm. Sdm This allows it to be cut only from the cross-section of the main tube at a proportion of 1:1. 1 / m The amount of material is reduced (for example, if there are 10 units in total, 1 / 10 is taken), and the remaining material continues to move backward with the airflow due to inertia. At the same time, the discharge port area of ​​this unit is extremely small. Skm This created significant local resistance, limiting the airflow from this point and ensuring that most of the airflow energy could continue to be transferred to subsequent units, providing power for the following units. When the material flow reached the second unit, its density had slightly decreased due to the first diversion, and the air pressure had also slightly decreased due to pipeline losses. However, the slightly larger inlet area designed according to the algorithm still provided sufficient resistance. Sd(m-1) (Because the proportion of responsibility it needs to bear becomes) 1 / (m-1) This allows it to still capture almost the same amount of material as the first unit, while its discharge port area... Sk(m-1) Adjustments are made accordingly to adapt to changed air pressure conditions, while still ensuring sufficient branch wind speed. This process is repeated for each downstream distributor 51 unit, based on a preset ratio corresponding to its sequence number n. （1 / n） and current estimated air pressure conditions (Pan)Through the algorithm's preset Sdn and Skn The system performs its task of "capturing a fixed amount of material and maintaining the necessary airflow speed." The entire process is passively executed by the physical structure, without the need for sensor feedback or real-time control. The natural tendency of the material particles to move forward under inertia is precisely and proportionally intercepted and diverted by a series of carefully calculated, gradually sized receiving devices 514. This allows for the quantitative distribution of material without changing the airflow path. The attenuation of airflow energy along the way is managed and balanced by a series of carefully calculated, gradually sized discharge ports 515. This ensures that even when the air pressure gradually decreases, each branch pipe can still obtain sufficient and relatively consistent airflow, thereby ensuring that the intercepted material can be smoothly discharged and transported to the target location. The entire process is automatically completed by relying on the structural proportional relationship without real-time control. This not only reduces the number of failure points and maintenance needs, but also reduces the risk of downtime due to material blockage or misadjustment, further improving the system's reliability and service life.

[0055] As a preferred example of this application, the outlet 515 is circular, oblong, or polygonal in shape, and the receiving port is eccentrically disposed on the receiving device 514, or the receiving port is disposed at the center of the receiving device 514. Similarly, the outlet 515 is eccentrically or concentrically disposed with the branch pipe 513. In the examples of this application, such as... Figure 17 A four-way distributor 51 is disclosed, wherein two branch pipes 513 are provided on the main distribution pipe 511, and the two opposite ends of the connecting channel 512 on the main distribution pipe 511 are a first connector 516 and a second connector 517, respectively. The first connector 516 and the second connector 517 are respectively used to connect two adjacent connecting pipes 52. The receiving port of the distributor 51 is concentrically arranged on the receiving device 514.

[0056] As a preferred example of this application, the distributor 51 includes an observation cover 518, which is made of transparent material and covers the visible parts of the branch pipe 513 or the receiving device 514. This observation cover allows observation of the material conveying status within the main distribution pipe 511 and the discharge status of the branch pipe 513 without disassembling the main distribution pipe 511. Through this configuration, the distributor 51 gains increased visibility into its internal operating status without altering the original feeding structure and conveying path. Operators can intuitively grasp the operating status of each distribution node without shutting down the machine, promptly identify and address potential blockages or abnormalities, and reduce the risk of uneven feeding or interruptions due to hidden faults.

[0057] As a preferred example of this application, the observation cover 518 and the dispensing tube 511 are detachably fixed. In other examples, the observation cover 518 and the dispensing tube 511 may also be integrally formed.

[0058] In some examples of this application, the receiving device 514 is mounted on the observation cover 518, and limiting plates 519 are provided on opposite sides of the observation cover 518. The limiting plates 519 cooperate with the branch pipe 513 to form a limiting connection. Through the above arrangement, the receiving device 514 and the observation cover 518 form an integrated component, simplifying the installation, replacement, and maintenance process of the receiving device, effectively improving the stability and reliability of the material capture and distribution process. In addition, the structure of the receiving device 514 can be quickly adjusted by replacing the observation cover 518 with different structural forms, without modifying the main distribution pipe 511 or other pipeline structures, thus enhancing the equipment's adaptability to different breeding scales, different material characteristics, and different feeding requirements.

[0059] In some examples of this application, along the airflow direction within the main pipeline, the diameter of the connecting channel 512 of the downstream distributor 51 is smaller than that of the connecting channel 512 of the upstream distributor 51. This configuration allows for maintaining or even increasing the airflow velocity in the main pipeline even with reduced flow, ensuring that material particles remain in a good suspended conveying state and preventing them from sliding or accumulating at the bottom of the pipeline. Simultaneously, the reduced diameter of the connecting channel 512 creates a throttling effect, improving the consistency of the discharge volume at each terminal discharge point.

[0060] As a preferred example of this application, a corresponding feed spreading head 53 is provided at the end of each branch pipe 513, so that the material output from each branch pipe 513 is independently spread to the corresponding breeding area through the corresponding feed spreading head 53. In the example of this application, by adopting a structure in which a feed spreading head 53 is independently set at the end of each branch pipe 513, the material can be evenly spread directly at the corresponding breeding node after the pipeline distribution is completed, which effectively improves the feeding accuracy and coverage consistency, reduces material waste or feeding differences of breeding objects caused by uneven spreading, and enhances the modularity of the system. Different feed spreading heads 53 can be flexibly selected and quickly replaced as needed, reducing the modification cost when switching equipment between different breeding modes. Moreover, even if individual feed spreading heads are worn or blocked during long-term operation, only the single branch needs to be treated to restore normal use, without affecting the overall feeding process. Thus, while improving the feeding effect, it also improves the reliability, maintenance efficiency and long-term use value of the equipment.

[0061] As a preferred example of this application, the number of allocators 51 is no more than 20.

[0062] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 2As shown, the feeding host 1 also includes a barrel body 14 and an upper flip-top 11. The barrel body 14 is fitted onto the outside of the funnel 13, and the upper flip-top 11 is located at the upper end of the funnel 13 and / or the barrel body 14 to seal the funnel 13. By setting the barrel body 14 on the outside of the funnel 13 and configuring the upper flip-top 11 at the upper end, the outer shell of the feeding machine forms a structural system that combines protection and sealing functions. The barrel body 14 provides external support and protection for the funnel 13, reducing the impact of external collisions on the structure of the funnel 13. The upper flip-top 11 effectively seals the feed inlet of the funnel 13 when not feeding, reducing the entry of dust and moisture and ensuring material quality.

[0063] As a preferred example of this application, the feeding host 1 also includes a frame 12, which is arranged at the upper end of the funnel 13 in a gradually tapering manner from top to bottom, and a display control panel 2 is provided on the frame 12.

[0064] This application also discloses a method for controlling the feeding of materials, such as... Figure 20 As shown, the above-mentioned feeding system is applied to a control system that includes a display control board 2 and an intelligent controller. The intelligent controller is electrically connected to input sensors and to actuators such as indicator lights, vibrators 3, feeding fans 41, feeding mechanisms, reversing mechanisms, and terminal distribution components 5. When the feeding host 1 is turned on, the display control board 2 sets the feeding time, number of feedings, feeding interval, etc. At the designated time, the feeding fans 41 start working, and then the feeding mechanism starts working, putting down the material in the funnel 13. The material is then blown by the air blown by the feeding fans 41 and discharged from the dispensing head 53 on the distributor 51 after passing through the terminal distribution components 5. Through the intelligent controller and the setting of reasonable working logic, the blower, vibrator, and feeder work in a coordinated and orderly manner, ensuring the cleanliness and dryness of the main pipeline during feeding, achieving a cleaner, more hygienic, and more energy-efficient material blowing effect with no material residue, no material adhesion, and no moisture interference.

[0065] The feeding control method disclosed in this application, applied to the pneumatic intelligent feeding system as described in the above embodiments, includes the following steps: In response to the feeding command, the feeding fan is switched between different power modes according to the preset timing logic, and the start and stop of the feeding mechanism are coordinated and controlled. In the first preset stage before the feeding operation begins, the feeding fan is controlled to operate in the first power mode to clean and / or dry the conveying pipeline. In the second preset stage of the feeding operation, the feeding fan is controlled to switch to a second power mode lower than the first power mode, and the unloading mechanism is controlled to start to feed materials. In the third preset stage after the feeding operation is completed, the feeding mechanism is stopped and the feeding fan is controlled to run in the second power mode and the first power mode in turn to purge the material residue in the pipeline. After the third preset stage, the feeding fan is controlled to operate in a third power mode, which is lower than the second power mode, in order to maintain the dryness of the pipeline.

[0066] Specifically, the time to start feeding, as set, is denoted as time t0, and a seconds before t0 is denoted as time t. 01 ; In t 01 At time t0, start the feeding fan and adjust it to work in working state SF1 (first power mode) until time t0. Starting at time t0, the feeding fan starts working in working state SF2 (second power mode), and the feeding mechanism starts working. During the operation of the feeding mechanism, it alternates between clockwise and counterclockwise operation until time t1. Starting at time t1, the feeding mechanism stops working, and the feeding fan remains in working state SF2 for about b seconds, then adjusts to working state SF1. After working for c seconds, the feeding fan adjusts from working state SF1 to working state SF3 (third power mode) until d seconds before time t2; d seconds before time t2, the feeding fan adjusts from working state SF3 to working state SF2. Starting at time t2, the unloading mechanism begins operation, alternating between clockwise and counterclockwise rotations until the next time t1 occurs. 1n time; This cycle repeats until the last feeding within a feeding period is completed. Then, the feeding fan switches from operating state SF2 to operating state SF1 and remains in this state for e seconds; or, the SF1 and SF2 modes alternate for a total of f seconds, and then the feeding fan is turned off.

[0067] t1, t2, t 1n The timing is set by the control panel with display.

[0068] As a preferred example of this application, the first power mode is the maximum power or near-maximum power operation mode of the feeding blower, the second power mode is the rated operating power operation mode of the feeding blower, and the third power mode is the sustained low power operation mode of the feeding blower. In the example of this application, the operating state SF1 of the feeding blower is generally the maximum pressure mode, at which time the input power reaches 100%, the output air volume is very large and the air pressure is very high, and the air temperature is the highest; the operating state SF2 is the normal air supply mode, generally 50-60% of the input power; and the operating state SF3 is the low flow air supply mode, generally 5-15% of the input power.

[0069] As a preferred example of this application, the duration of the first preset stage is 40-60 seconds, the duration of the second power mode continuing to run after the feeding operation is 5-10 seconds, and the duration of the first power mode running in the third preset stage is also 5-10 seconds. In the examples of this application, the time lengths a and e are generally 40-60 seconds, b, c, and d are generally 5-10 seconds, and f is generally 80-100 seconds.

[0070] Before the material comes down, the feeding blower uses the SF1 mode to blow air. The high pressure and large air volume can effectively blow away impurities left in the pipeline, and the high temperature air can dry the pipeline well. A few seconds before the material comes down, the feeding blower switches to SF2 mode to blow air. After the material is discharged, the feeding blower continues to blow in SF2 mode for several seconds, then switches to SF1 mode to blow away any remaining material in the pipeline, and then switches to SF3 mode to keep the feeding pipeline dry and clean.

[0071] After a feeding period is completed, the feeding fan is adjusted to SF1 mode and blows for several seconds to ensure that there is no material residue in the feeding pipeline after feeding is completed.

[0072] As a preferred example of this application, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor are installed at the main pipeline or splitter location of the terminal distribution component. The control system dynamically adjusts the operating time of the feeding fan under various operating conditions based on the detected temperature, humidity, or pressure data. When the pressure value in the pipeline of the terminal distribution component exceeds the preset threshold, the control system automatically extends the duration of the feeding blower running in the first power mode. When abnormal humidity or temperature is detected in the feeding pipeline, the control system automatically adjusts the running time of the feeding fan in the first or third preset stage.

[0073] For example, when the temperature is detected to be below 0 degrees Celsius, the originally set time 'a' seconds will be automatically delayed to 3'a' seconds; for example, when the humidity is greater than 90%, the originally set time 'a', 'e', ​​or 'f' will be automatically increased to 4 times the original time; when the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor is more than 30% higher than the normal range, the feeding blower will increase the SF1 blowing time 'a' to 5'a. If the pressure does not decrease, a pipeline blockage alarm and a pipeline cleaning reminder will be displayed on the control panel with display.

[0074] The feeding control method described in this application executes the same collaborative control logic between the feeding fan and the unloading mechanism as other feeding positions when the reversing mechanism switches to any feeding position.

[0075] The pneumatic intelligent feeding system described in this application is connected to a remote communication module, enabling users to remotely set feeding time parameters, operating condition parameters, and obtain system operating status information via a mobile terminal (such as a mobile APP).

[0076] The pneumatic intelligent feeding system disclosed in this application highly integrates and structurally coordinates traditionally dispersed functions such as quantitative feeding, path reversal, pneumatic conveying, and end-point distribution. This transforms the feeding process from a multi-variable operation relying on repeated adjustments based on human experience into an automated process determined by fixed structural parameters and preset control logic. At the source feeding stage, stable quantitative feeding and effective suppression of material retention are achieved through the conical fit between the rotating rotor and the receiving cavity, along with flexible sealing and elastic pre-tightening structures. In the intermediate conveying and reversing stages, continuous switching between multiple feeding areas is achieved through precise alignment of closed reversing pipes and multiple branch connection pipes, preventing leakage and accumulation. Finally, at the end-point distribution stage, the receiving cross-sectional area varies progressively along the conveying direction. By incorporating the discharge cross-sectional area, the unavoidable physical laws of airflow attenuation and material inertia are transformed into an active compensation mechanism for structural dimensions. This allows each feeding node to automatically achieve a nearly uniform feeding amount without any on-site adjustments, significantly reducing the frequency and workload of on-site adjustments. Simultaneously, in conjunction with a phased multi-power mode feeding fan control strategy, pipeline purging, stable conveying, and subsequent cleaning are performed before, during, and after feeding, respectively. This helps maintain relatively clean pipelines and reduce residue and moisture clumping. The above structure and control methods work together to improve feeding uniformity and reliability while reducing the need for manual intervention and maintenance complexity. This is particularly suitable for the actual needs of large-scale aquaculture or livestock farms for stability, hygiene, and long-term continuous operation.

[0077] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pneumatic intelligent feeding system, characterized in that, include: Feeding host (1), which has a funnel (13) inside for containing materials. The diverter (4) is located downstream of the funnel (13) and includes a diverter housing (46) and a feeding mechanism and a reversing mechanism integrated in the housing and interconnected with each other. The feeding mechanism includes a receiving cavity (467) disposed in the distributor housing (46) and a flipping rotor (43) rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity (467). The flipping rotor (43) rotates at a preset rhythm under the action of a control signal to periodically and quantitatively output the material from the funnel (13). The reversing mechanism includes a reversing chamber (4611) disposed in the distributor housing (46) and a reversing rotor (44) rotatably disposed in the reversing chamber (4611). A reversing pipe (446) is formed inside the reversing rotor (44), and a plurality of diversion connecting pipes (4610) are arranged around the side of the reversing chamber (4611). The reversing rotor (44) is used to selectively guide the material to different diversion connecting pipes (4610) at different rotation positions. The terminal distribution component (5) is connected to the diversion connection pipe (4610) on the diverter (4) and includes multiple distributors (51). Each distributor (51) is provided with a receiving device (514). Along the material conveying direction, the windward projection area of ​​the receiving device (514) in adjacent distributors (51) increases step by step. A feeding blower (41) is used to generate an airflow for conveying materials; The control system is communicatively connected to the feeding mechanism, the reversing mechanism, the terminal distribution component (5) and the feeding fan (41), and is used to control and adjust the operating power of the feeding fan (41), the start and stop of the feeding mechanism and the reversing action of the reversing mechanism at different operating stages of the feeding operation, so that the material is conveyed with a stable gas-solid ratio during the feeding process.

2. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism further includes a first connecting part (463), a receiving part (464), and a conveying part (465) arranged sequentially and interconnected along the material conveying direction. The first connecting part (463) and the conveying part (465) are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the receiving part (464). The first connecting part (463) is provided with a first feed port (466) communicating with the funnel (13). The receiving part (464) forms a receiving cavity (467) for receiving the rotating rotor (43). The conveying part (465) is provided with a conveying channel (468) communicating with the reversing chamber (4611). A feeder cover (47) is provided on one side of the receiving cavity (467). A rotating motor (42) is provided on the feeder cover (47). The rotating motor (42) can drive the rotating rotor (43) to rotate for periodic feeding.

3. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the flipping rotor (43) and the inner wall of the receiving cavity (467) are conical surfaces that cooperate with each other. The flipping rotor (43) is arranged in a cross-sectional shape that gradually narrows from the side near the feeder cover (47) to the side away from the feeder cover (47).

4. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism also includes: An elastic preload assembly is disposed between the flipping rotor (43) and the drive end of the flipping motor (42) for applying a continuous axial preload force to the flipping rotor (43).

5. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism also includes: A commutator motor (45) is connected to the commutator rotor (44) in a transmission connection; When the commutator rotor (44) rotates to different positions under the drive of the commutator motor (45), the commutator pipe (446) inside it can selectively connect the first feed port (466) to different diversion connection pipes (4610) through the first connection port (442) and the second connection port (443).

6. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The axial direction of the reversing chamber (4611) is parallel or perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveying channel (468) from the feeding mechanism. The reversing rotor (44) forms an approximately horizontal or approximately vertical L-shaped reversing pipe (446) inside. The splitter housing (46) is provided with a chip discharge port at the position corresponding to the reversing chamber.

7. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The terminal allocation component (5) includes: Distributors (51) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the material conveying direction. Each distributor (51) includes a main distribution pipe (511), a connecting channel (512) is formed inside the main distribution pipe (511), and at least one branch pipe (513) is provided outside the main distribution pipe (511). Connecting pipe (52) is used to connect two adjacent distributors (51) so that each distributor (51) forms a continuous main pipeline conveying path along the material conveying direction; Each of the distributors (51) is provided with a receiving device (514) inside. The receiving device (514) is connected to the diversion branch pipe (513) through the discharge port (515) and is used to introduce the material intercepted by the receiving device (514) in the main distribution pipe (511) into the diversion branch pipe (513).

8. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The receiving device (514) is an inner pocket receiving structure located inside the distribution main pipe (511). Along the material conveying direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port (515) inside each distributor (51) is gradually increased.

9. The pneumatic intelligent feeding system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distributor (51) includes an observation cover (518), which is made of transparent material and covers the visible part of the branch pipe (513) or the receiving device (514) for observing the material conveying status in the branch pipe (511) and the discharge status of the branch pipe (513) without disassembling the main distribution pipe (511).

10. A feeding control method, characterized in that, The system is applied to the pneumatic intelligent feeding system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: In response to the feeding command, the feeding fan is switched between different power modes according to the preset timing logic, and the start and stop of the feeding mechanism are coordinated and controlled. In the first preset stage before the feeding operation begins, the feeding fan is controlled to operate in the first power mode to clean and / or dry the conveying pipeline. In the second preset stage of the feeding operation, the feeding fan is controlled to switch to a second power mode lower than the first power mode, and the unloading mechanism is controlled to start to feed materials. In the third preset stage after the feeding operation is completed, the feeding mechanism is stopped and the feeding fan is controlled to run in the second power mode and the first power mode in turn to purge the material residue in the pipeline. After the third preset stage, the feeding fan is controlled to operate in a third power mode, which is lower than the second power mode, in order to maintain the dryness of the pipeline.

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