Hydraulic follow-up veneering centering chuck

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic follow-up veneering centering chuck which comprises a base, a veneering clamping module, a centering clamping module, a first hydraulic driving cylinder and a second hydraulic driving cylinder. The veneering clamping module and the centering clamping module are arranged on the base side by side, the veneering clamping module is controlled by the first hydraulic driving cylinder to conduct veneering clamping on the first workpiece, and the centering clamping module is controlled by the second hydraulic driving cylinder to conduct centering clamping on the second workpiece; therefore, the product can perform veneering clamping and centering clamping on a workpiece, and the requirement of workpiece machining is completely met. Meanwhile, the pressure sensor and the heating element are arranged on the jaw in a matched mode, the pressure sensor is used for sensing whether the workpiece is clamped or not, an operator can rapidly and directly judge whether the workpiece is clamped or not, if the workpiece is not clamped, the heating element is automatically started, and the jaw is expanded through the heating element to clamp the workpiece, so that the clamping force is guaranteed; therefore, the workpiece is clamped more firmly, and intelligent clamping and fixing are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tooling and fixtures, and in particular to a hydraulically driven, follow-up, centering chuck. Background Technology

[0002] A chuck is a mechanical device used to fix, clamp, or position workpieces or tools, and is widely used in machine tool processing, automated equipment, measuring instruments, and other fields. Its core function is to securely fix the workpiece or tool in a designated position using mechanical force (such as manual, pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric), ensuring accuracy and stability during machining, assembly, or measurement. As a key component in machining, the performance of the chuck directly affects machining efficiency and quality. With the manufacturing industry moving towards intelligent and flexible operations, chuck technology is constantly innovating, providing stronger support for high-end equipment manufacturing.

[0003] Current chucks mainly consist of a base, a clamping module, and a hydraulic drive cylinder. The clamping module is mounted on the base, and the hydraulic drive cylinder is also mounted on the base and controls the clamping module to clamp or release the workpiece. In existing technology, a single chuck's clamping module can only perform surface clamping or centering clamping of the workpiece. When a workpiece requires both surface clamping and centering clamping during machining, two different chucks must be installed on the machine tool simultaneously, or different chucks must be replaced, causing numerous inconveniences to the machining operation. Furthermore, current chucks cannot quickly and directly determine whether clamping is secure, and when the workpiece clamping surface is irregular, the clamping force cannot be guaranteed, resulting in an inability to firmly clamp the workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to improve current chucks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention addresses the deficiencies of the prior art by providing a hydraulically driven surface-clamping and centering chuck, which effectively solves the problem that existing chucks can only perform surface-clamping or centering clamping of workpieces, causing trouble for processing operations and failing to guarantee secure clamping of workpieces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A hydraulically driven face-fitting and centering chuck includes a base, a face-fitting clamping module, a centering clamping module, a first hydraulic drive cylinder, and a second hydraulic drive cylinder. The bonding clamping module is mounted on a base and includes a first body, a central drive shaft, multiple inclined tie rods, multiple first jaws, and multiple first return springs. The first body has mounting positions on its surface and is fixed to the base. The central drive shaft is movably mounted within the first body. The multiple inclined tie rods are movably mounted within the first body, arranged in a circular pattern around the center of the central drive shaft. Each tie rod is engaged with the central drive shaft, and the multiple tie rods are moved vertically and horizontally by the central drive shaft, simultaneously moving away from or towards the center of the central drive shaft. The jaws are fixed to the tops of multiple inclined pull columns. Multiple first jaws are located around the outer perimeter of the placement position. The multiple first jaws move up and down with the multiple inclined pull columns, moving away from or towards the center of the placement position simultaneously. A first clamping space for clamping a first workpiece is formed between the multiple first jaws. A first pressure sensor is provided on the side of each first jaw that contacts the first workpiece. Each first pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external controller. A first heating element is provided inside each first jaw. Each first heating element is electrically connected to an external controller. Multiple first return springs are provided inside the first main body. The multiple first return springs cause the multiple inclined pull columns to move upward and return to their original positions. The centering clamping module is mounted on the base and arranged side-by-side with the surface clamping module. The centering clamping module includes a second main body, a main drive shaft, multiple auxiliary drive shafts, multiple parallel swing arms, multiple motion base claws, multiple actuating swing arms, multiple second jaws, and multiple second return springs. The second main body is fixed to the base. The main drive shaft is movably mounted within the second main body. The multiple auxiliary drive shafts are arranged at intervals around the center of the main drive shaft, and each auxiliary drive shaft is movably mounted vertically relative to the main drive shaft. The multiple parallel swing arms are hinged to the main drive shaft and move up and down with it. Each parallel swing arm has two ends hinged to two adjacent auxiliary drive shafts. The back-and-forth swing of the parallel swing arms causes the adjacent auxiliary drive shafts to move alternately up and down. The multiple parallel swing arms hinge the multiple auxiliary drive shafts and form a closed-loop transmission assembly. The multiple motion base claws are spaced circumferentially around the center of the second main body. The arrangement is as follows: each moving base claw is arranged to slide horizontally back and forth along the radial direction of the second body; multiple actuating arms are mounted inside the second body and can swing up and down; each actuating arm is hinged to the auxiliary drive shaft and driven by the auxiliary drive shaft to swing up and down; each actuating arm is hinged to multiple moving base claws and drives the multiple moving base claws to slide horizontally back and forth; multiple second jaws are arranged in a matrix and fixed to the corresponding moving base claws; a second clamping space for clamping the second workpiece is formed between the multiple second jaws; a second pressure sensor is provided on the side of each second jaw that contacts the second workpiece; each second pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external controller; and a second heating element is provided inside each second jaw, and each second heating element is electrically connected to an external controller; multiple second return springs are provided inside the second body and cause the main drive shaft to move upward and return to its original position. The first hydraulic drive cylinder is disposed inside the base, and the first hydraulic drive cylinder drives the central drive shaft to move downward. The second hydraulic drive cylinder is located inside the base, and the second hydraulic drive cylinder drives the main drive shaft to move downward.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the first main body includes a lower seat and an upper seat. The lower seat is fixed to a base, and a central shaft hole and multiple receiving holes are formed through its upper and lower surfaces. The central shaft hole is located at the center of the lower seat, and the multiple receiving holes are arranged circumferentially around the center of the central shaft hole. The upper seat is stacked and fixed on the surface of the lower seat. A receiving cavity is recessed at the bottom center of the upper seat, and multiple oblique holes are formed through its upper and lower surfaces. The lower ends of the multiple oblique holes communicate with the receiving cavity. The upper end of the central drive shaft is located in the receiving cavity, and the lower end of the central drive shaft extends into the central shaft hole and moves back and forth along the central shaft hole. The multiple inclined pull columns are respectively located in the corresponding oblique holes and move back and forth obliquely along the corresponding oblique holes. The multiple first return springs are respectively located in the corresponding receiving holes, and the two ends of each first return spring abut against the base and the bottom of the corresponding inclined pull column, respectively.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the central drive shaft extends radially to form a convex ring, and correspondingly, the lower outer surface of the plurality of inclined tie rods is recessed with a groove, and the convex ring can be laterally slidably locked in each groove.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral side of the inclined column is recessed with an oil guide groove, which is arc-shaped. The two ends of the oil guide groove are respectively connected to the two sides of the slot. The outer side of the first main body is provided with a first mounting hole, which is connected to the inclined hole and located above the oil guide groove. A first oil injection nozzle is installed in the first mounting hole.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral side of the main drive shaft is provided with a plurality of guide grooves, which are evenly spaced in a circumference. The plurality of auxiliary drive shafts are respectively embedded in the plurality of guide grooves and move back and forth along the corresponding guide grooves. The main drive shaft is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves, which are horizontally arranged and evenly spaced in a circumference around the center of the main drive shaft. The plurality of connecting grooves connect two adjacent guide grooves respectively. The plurality of parallel swing arms are respectively located in the corresponding connecting grooves, and the two ends of each parallel swing arm extend into two adjacent guide grooves respectively.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral side of the main drive shaft is provided with a plurality of first shaft holes, which extend radially along the main drive shaft and pass through the corresponding connecting grooves respectively. A first shaft body is installed in each first shaft hole. A second shaft hole is provided in the middle of the parallel swing arm, and the first shaft body passes through the second shaft hole. The parallel swing arm rotates around the center of the first shaft body.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the auxiliary drive shaft is recessed with a first hinge groove, and both ends of the parallel swing arm have a first hinge portion, which is hinged in the corresponding first hinge groove.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the second main body includes a base and a top cover. The upper and lower end faces of the base form a central chamber and multiple mounting chambers. The multiple mounting chambers are located around the central chamber and are all connected to the central chamber. The main drive shaft and multiple auxiliary drive shafts are located in the central chamber. The multiple actuating swing arms are located in their respective mounting chambers. The top cover is fixed to the base and has multiple sliding grooves. The multiple motion base claws are located in their respective sliding grooves and slide back and forth along their respective sliding grooves.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the two opposite inner walls of the mounting chamber are recessed with grooves, and each groove is fitted with a mounting block. The mounting block has a third shaft hole, in which a second shaft is installed. The actuating arm has a fourth shaft hole, in which the second shaft passes. The actuating arm swings back and forth around the center of the second shaft.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the auxiliary drive shaft is recessed with a second hinge groove, the bottom surface of the plurality of motion base claws is provided with a third hinge groove, and each actuating swing arm is provided with a second hinge part and a third hinge part. The second hinge part is hinged in the second hinge groove, and the third hinge part is hinged in the third hinge groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, as can be seen from the above technical solution: By arranging the surface clamping module and the centering clamping module side-by-side on the base, and using a first hydraulic drive cylinder to control the surface clamping module to clamp the first workpiece, and a second hydraulic drive cylinder to control the centering clamping module to center the second workpiece, this product can perform both surface clamping and centering clamping of workpieces, fully meeting the needs of workpiece processing. It eliminates the need to install two different chucks on the machine tool or to change between different chucks, thus bringing convenience to processing operations. Simultaneously, by incorporating a pressure sensor and a heating element on the jaws, the pressure sensor detects whether the workpiece is clamped, allowing the operator to quickly and directly determine if it is not clamped. If not, the heating element is automatically activated, causing the jaws to expand and clamp the workpiece, ensuring clamping force and thus more firmly clamping the workpiece, achieving intelligent clamping and fixation.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional assembly schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembly from another angle of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention from another angle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the face-holding module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the face-holding module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the centering clamping module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the centering clamping module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a radial cross-sectional view of the centering clamping module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 10. Base; 11. First mounting position 12. Second mounting position; 13. Receiving slot 14. First through hole; 15. Second through hole 16. Positioning hole 20. Surface clamping module 21. First body 211. Lower seat body 212. Upper seat body; 213. Positioning column 214. Fixing bolts; 22. Center drive shaft 221. Protruding ring; 222. First fixing hole 23. Diagonal tie column; 231. Slot 232, oil guide groove; 24, first jaw. 241. First pressure sensor; 242. First heating element 25. First return spring; 26. First equal-height bolt 201, mounting position; 202, central shaft hole 203. Receiving hole; 204. Receiving cavity 205, slanted hole; 206, first mounting hole 207, First oil injection nozzle; 30, Centering clamping module 31. Second main body 311. Base 312. Top cover; 313. Mounting block 3131, third shaft hole 314, second shaft body 315. Positioning pin; 316. Fixing bolt 32. Main drive shaft; 321. Guide groove 322, connecting groove; 323, first shaft hole 324. First shaft body; 325. Center hole 33. Secondary drive shaft; 331. First hinge slot 332, Second hinge slot; 34, Parallel swing arm 341. First hinge part; 342. Second shaft hole 35. Motion base claw 351. Third hinge groove 352. Second mounting hole; 353. Second grease fitting 354. Dovetail groove; 36. Actuating swing arm 361. Fourth shaft hole; 362. Second hinge part 363. Third hinge part; 37. Second jaws 371. Dovetail block; 372. Main block 373. Locking bolt; 38. Second return spring 301. Central chamber; 302. Installation chamber 303, groove; 304, slide. 305, Recessed position; 306, Second pressure sensor 307, Second heating element; 40, First hydraulic drive cylinder 41. First cylinder block 42. First piston rod 43. First return spring; 50. Second hydraulic drive cylinder 51. Second cylinder block 52. Second piston rod 53. Second return spring; 61. First workpiece 62. The second workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, it illustrates the specific structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, including a base 10, a surface clamping module 20, a centering clamping module 30, a first hydraulic drive cylinder 40, and a second hydraulic drive cylinder 50.

[0020] The base 10 is a metal body. A first mounting position 11 and a second mounting position 12 are recessed on the surface of the base 10. The first mounting position 11 and the second mounting position 12 are arranged side by side. The base 10 has a receiving groove 13 inside. A first through hole 14 is opened on the surface of the first mounting position 11. The first through hole 14 communicates with the receiving groove 13. A second through hole 15 and a plurality of positioning holes 16 are opened on the surface of the second mounting position 12. The second through hole 15 communicates with the receiving groove 13. The plurality of positioning holes 16 are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the second through hole 15.

[0021] The bonding clamping module 20 is mounted on the base 10. The bonding clamping module 20 includes a first body 21, a central drive shaft 22, multiple inclined tie rods 23, multiple first jaws 24, and multiple first return springs 25. The surface of the first body 21 has a mounting position 201, and the first body 21 is fixed to the base 10. The central drive shaft 22 is movably mounted within the first body 21. The multiple inclined tie rods 23 are movably mounted within the first body 21 at an angle, arranged circumferentially around the center of the central drive shaft 22. Each inclined tie rod 23 is engaged with the central drive shaft 22, and the multiple inclined tie rods 23 are driven by the central drive shaft 22 to move obliquely up and down, simultaneously moving away from or towards the center of the central drive shaft 22. The plurality of first jaws 24 are respectively fixed to the top of the plurality of inclined tie columns 23. The plurality of first jaws 24 are located around the outer periphery of the mounting position 201. The plurality of first jaws 24 move up and down with the inclined tie columns 23, moving away from or towards the center of the mounting position 201. A first clamping space for clamping the first workpiece 61 is formed between the plurality of first jaws 24. A first pressure sensor 241 is provided on the side of each first jaw 24 that contacts the first workpiece 61. Each first pressure sensor 241 is electrically connected to an external controller (not shown in the figure). The first pressure sensor 241 is used to sense the clamping force between the first jaw 24 and the first workpiece 61, so as to determine whether the first workpiece 61 is clamped by the first jaw 24 based on the magnitude of the pressure. The force sensor 241 is a ceramic capacitive high-temperature pressure sensor or a sapphire thin-film high-temperature pressure sensor; and each first jaw 24 is provided with a first heating element 242, each first heating element 242 being electrically connected to an external controller. The first heating element 242 is used to heat the first jaw 24, causing the first jaw 24 to expand to better clamp the first workpiece 61. When the first pressure sensor 241 senses that the clamping force is too small, the external controller automatically controls the first heating element 242 to turn on to heat the first jaw 24, thereby ensuring the clamping force on the first workpiece 61. In addition, the main body of the first jaw 24 is a high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy, which includes the following elements by mass percentage: Al 10.5~12.0%, Cu With a composition of 0.8–1.2% Fe, 0.03–0.06% Mg, total impurities ≤0.1%, and the balance being Zn, this high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy exhibits a Brinell hardness of 90–100 HB in the as-cast state and 105–115 HB after aging treatment, meeting the wear resistance and clamping requirements of conventional fixtures. The coefficient of linear expansion of this high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy is approximately 27–28 × 10⁻⁶ at room temperature to 100°C. -6 / ℃, which falls within the high thermal expansion range. The plurality of first return springs 25 are disposed within the first main body 21, and each of the plurality of first return springs 25 causes the plurality of inclined tie rods 23 to move upward and return to their original position. Specifically: The first main body 21 is fixed on the first mounting position 11. The first main body 21 includes a lower seat 211 and an upper seat 212. The lower seat 211 is fixed on the base 10. A central shaft hole 202 and a plurality of receiving holes 203 are formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the lower seat 211. The central shaft hole 202 is located at the center of the lower seat 211. The plurality of receiving holes 203 are arranged in a circle around the center of the central shaft hole 202. The number of receiving holes 203 is four, which is not limited. The upper seat 212 is stacked and fixed on the surface of the lower seat 211. A receiving cavity 204 is recessed at the bottom center of the upper seat 212. A plurality of oblique holes 205 are formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the upper seat 212. The lower ends of the plurality of oblique holes 205 are all connected to the receiving cavity. The number of oblique holes 205 is four, which is not limited. Furthermore, the upper seat 212 and the lower seat 211 are positioned by a positioning pin 213 and locked together by a fixing bolt 214. Additionally, the outer side of the first main body 21 has a first mounting hole 206, which communicates with the inclined hole 205. A first grease nipple 207 is installed in the first mounting hole 206 to add lubricating oil for lubrication, thus making the movement of the inclined tie rod 23 smoother.

[0022] The upper end of the central drive shaft 22 is located in the accommodating cavity 204, and the lower end of the central drive shaft 22 extends into the central shaft hole 202 and moves back and forth along the central shaft hole 202. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper end of the central drive shaft 22 extends radially to form a protruding ring 221, and a first fixing hole 222 is formed through the center of the upper and lower surfaces of the central drive shaft 22. A first equal-height bolt 26 is inserted from top to bottom into the first fixing hole 222.

[0023] The multiple inclined tie rods 23 are located in corresponding inclined holes 205 and move back and forth along the corresponding inclined holes 205 at an angle. There are four inclined tie rods 23, which is not limited to one. The lower outer surface of the multiple inclined tie rods 23 is recessed with a groove 231, and the convex ring 221 can slide back and forth laterally and be locked in each groove 231. In addition, the outer peripheral side of the inclined tie rod 23 is recessed with an oil guide groove 232. The oil guide groove 232 is arc-shaped, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two sides of the groove 231. The first mounting hole 206 is located above the oil guide groove 232 so that lubricating oil can be introduced into the groove 231 through the oil guide groove 232 to lubricate the convex ring 221, so that the convex ring 221 slides more smoothly.

[0024] The plurality of first jaws 24 are detachably and radially adjustable and are mounted on the top of the corresponding tie rod 23. There are four first jaws 24, which are not limited to one.

[0025] The plurality of first return springs 25 are respectively located in the corresponding receiving holes 203. The two ends of each first return spring 25 abut against the base 10 and the bottom of the corresponding inclined tie column 23 respectively. There are four first return springs 25, which is not limited to one.

[0026] The centering clamping module 30 is disposed on the base 10 and arranged side by side with the face-fitting clamping module 20. The centering clamping module 30 includes a second body 31, a main drive shaft 32, multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33, multiple parallel swing arms 34, multiple motion base claws 35, multiple actuating swing arms 36, multiple second jaws 37, and multiple second return springs 38. The second body 31 is fixed to the base 10. The main drive shaft 32 is movably disposed within the second body 31. The multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33 are arranged at intervals around the center of the main drive shaft 32, and each auxiliary drive shaft 33 is movably disposed relative to the main drive shaft 32. The multiple parallel swing arms 34 are all hinged to the main drive shaft 32 and move up and down with the main drive shaft 32. Each parallel swing arm 34 has its two ends hinged to two adjacent auxiliary drive shafts 33. The back-and-forth swing of the parallel swing arms 34 causes the two adjacent auxiliary drive shafts 33 to move up and down alternately. The multiple parallel swing arms 34 hinge the multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33 to form a closed-loop transmission assembly. The multiple motion base claws 35 are arranged circumferentially around the center of the second body 31, and each motion base claw 35 can be horizontally slid back and forth along the radial direction of the second body 31. The multiple actuating swing arms 36 are mounted inside the second body 31 and can swing back and forth. The multiple actuating swing arms 36 are all hinged to the auxiliary drive shafts 33 and driven by the auxiliary drive shafts 33 to swing back and forth. The multiple actuating swing arms 36 are respectively hinged to the multiple motion base claws 35 and drive the multiple motion base claws 35 to slide back and forth horizontally.The plurality of second jaws 37 are arranged in a matrix and fixed to the corresponding motion base jaws 35. A second clamping space for clamping the second workpiece 62 is formed between the plurality of second jaws 37. A second pressure sensor 306 is provided on the side of each second jaw 37 that contacts the second workpiece 62. Each second pressure sensor 306 is electrically connected to an external controller. The second pressure sensor 306 is used to sense the clamping force between the second jaw 37 and the second workpiece 62, so as to determine whether the second workpiece 62 is clamped by the second jaw 37 based on the magnitude of the pressure. The second pressure sensor 306 is a ceramic capacitive high-temperature pressure sensor or a sapphire thin film high-temperature pressure sensor. The sensor; and each second jaw 37 is provided with a second heating element 307, each second heating element 307 is electrically connected to an external controller. The second heating element 307 is used to heat the second jaw 37, so that the second jaw 37 expands to better clamp the second workpiece 62. When the second heating element 307 senses that the clamping force is too small, the external controller automatically controls the second heating element 307 to turn on to heat the second jaw 37, thereby ensuring the clamping force on the second workpiece 62. In addition, the main body of the second jaw 37 is a high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy, which includes the following elements by mass percentage: Al 10.5~12.0%, Cu 0.8~1.2%, Mg 0.03~0.06%, total impurities ≤0.1%, and the balance is Zn. The Brinell hardness of this high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy is: as-cast HB 90~100, and after aging treatment HB 105~115, which meets the wear resistance and clamping requirements of conventional fixtures. The linear expansion coefficient of this high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy is approximately 27–28 × 10⁻⁶ at room temperature to 100°C. -6 / ℃, which falls within the high thermal expansion range. The multiple second return springs 38 are disposed within the second main body 31 and cause the main drive shaft 32 to move upwards and return to its original position. Specifically: The second main body 31 is fixed to the second mounting position 12. The second main body 31 includes a base 311 and a top cover 312. The upper and lower end faces of the base 311 form a central cavity 301 and multiple mounting chambers 302. The multiple mounting chambers 302 are located around the central cavity 301 and are all connected to the central cavity 301. There are four mounting chambers 302 arranged circumferentially around the center of the central cavity 301 at equal intervals, which is not limited to one. The two opposite inner sidewalls of the mounting chambers 302 are recessed with grooves 303. Each groove 303 is fitted with a mounting block 313. The mounting block 313 has a third shaft hole 3131, in which a second shaft 314 is installed. The top cover 312 is fixed to the base 311. The top cover 312 has multiple sliding grooves 304, which are not limited to four. Furthermore, the base 311 and the top cover 312 are positioned and fixed together with the base 10 by positioning pins 315 and fixing bolts 316.

[0027] The main drive shaft 32 is located in the central chamber 301. The outer peripheral side of the main drive shaft 32 is recessed with a plurality of guide grooves 321. The plurality of guide grooves 321 are evenly spaced in a circle. The main drive shaft 32 is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves 322. The plurality of connecting grooves 322 are horizontally arranged and evenly spaced in a circle around the center of the main drive shaft 32. The plurality of connecting grooves 322 respectively connect two adjacent guide grooves 321. The outer peripheral side of the main drive shaft 32 is provided with a plurality of first shaft holes 323. The plurality of first shaft holes 323 extend radially along the main drive shaft 32 and pass through the corresponding connecting grooves 322. A first shaft body 324 is installed in each first shaft hole 323. A central hole 325 is formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the center of the main drive shaft 32. The plurality of first shaft holes 323 are all connected to the central hole 325. A second equal-height bolt passes through the central hole 325 from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the main drive shaft 32 is cylindrical in shape, and there are four guide grooves 321. Correspondingly, there are four connecting grooves 322 and four first shaft holes 323, which are not limited to this.

[0028] The plurality of auxiliary drive shafts 33 are located in the central cavity 301. Each auxiliary drive shaft 33 is embedded in a plurality of guide grooves 321 and moves back and forth along the corresponding guide grooves 321. Each auxiliary drive shaft 33 has a first hinge groove 331 recessed on its outer surface, and also a second hinge groove 332 recessed on its outer surface. In this embodiment, the auxiliary drive shaft 33 is cylindrical in shape.

[0029] The multiple parallel swing arms 34 are respectively located in corresponding connecting grooves 322, and the two ends of each parallel swing arm 34 extend into two adjacent guide grooves 321. Furthermore, each end of the parallel swing arm 34 has a first hinge portion 341, which is hinged into a corresponding first hinge groove 331. Additionally, a second shaft hole 342 is provided in the middle of the parallel swing arm 34, and a first shaft body 324 passes through the second shaft hole 342, allowing the parallel swing arm 34 to rotate around the center of the first shaft body 324.

[0030] The plurality of moving base claws 35 are respectively located in corresponding sliding grooves 304 and slide back and forth along the corresponding sliding grooves 304. The bottom surface of each of the plurality of moving base claws 35 has a third hinge groove 351. Furthermore, a second mounting hole 352 is provided on the outer end face of each moving base claw 35, which communicates with the third hinge groove 351. A second oil injection nozzle 353 is installed in the second mounting hole 352 to inject lubricating oil into the third hinge groove 351, increasing the lubrication of the mechanical connection, reducing friction, ensuring smooth operation, and preventing jamming. Additionally, a dovetail groove 354 is recessed on the surface of each moving base claw 35, and the dovetail groove 354 extends radially.

[0031] The multiple actuating arms 36 are located in corresponding mounting chambers 302. Each actuating arm 36 has a fourth shaft hole 361, and the second shaft 314 passes through the fourth shaft hole 361. The actuating arm 36 swings back and forth around the center of the second shaft 314. Furthermore, each actuating arm 36 has a second hinge portion 362 and a third hinge portion 363. The second hinge portion 362 is hinged in the second hinge groove 332, and the third hinge portion 363 is hinged in the third hinge groove 351.

[0032] There are four second jaws 37. Each second jaw 37 includes a dovetail block 371 and a main body block 372. The dovetail block 371 is slidably installed in the dovetail groove 354. The main body block 372 abuts against the surface of the moving base claw 35. The main body block 372 is made of a high-hardness, high-thermal-expansion zinc-based alloy. The second heating element 307 is embedded in the main body block 372. The main body block 372 is locked to the dovetail block 371 by a locking bolt 373. Loosening the locking bolt 373 allows adjustment of the position of the dovetail block 371 in the dovetail groove 354, thereby adjusting the position of the second jaws 37 to accommodate second workpieces 62 of different sizes. Furthermore, each second jaw 37 has a recess 305 formed on its surface. The recesses 305 on the four jaws 37 combine to form the aforementioned second clamping space. The second pressure sensor 306 is located on the inner bottom surface and inner side surface of the recess 305.

[0033] There are four second return springs 38, which is not a limitation. The lower ends of the multiple second return springs 38 are respectively embedded in the corresponding positioning holes 16 for positioning, and the upper ends of the multiple second return springs 38 all abut against the bottom surface of the main drive shaft 32.

[0034] The first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 is disposed within the base 10, and drives the central drive shaft 22 to move downward. In this embodiment, the first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 is disposed in the receiving groove 13. The first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 is a single-acting hydraulic drive cylinder with a simple structure, low cost, and high reliability. The first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 includes a first cylinder body 41, a first piston rod 42, and a first return spring 43. The first cylinder body 41 is fixedly connected to the base 10. The first piston rod 42 is movably disposed within the first cylinder body 41 and extends upward beyond the first cylinder body 41. The first return spring 43 is disposed within the first cylinder body 41 and causes the first piston rod 42 to move upward and return to its original position. The first leveling bolt 26 passes downward through the first through hole 14 and is screwed and fixed to the top end of the first piston rod 42.

[0035] The second hydraulic drive cylinder 50 is disposed within the base 10, and drives the main drive shaft 32 to move downward. In this embodiment, the second hydraulic drive cylinder 50 is disposed in the receiving groove 13. The second hydraulic drive cylinder 50 is a single-acting hydraulic drive cylinder, which has a simple structure, low cost, and high reliability. The second hydraulic drive cylinder 50 includes a second cylinder body 51, a second piston rod 52, and a second return spring 53. The second cylinder body 51 is fixedly connected to the base 10. The second piston rod 52 is movably disposed within the second cylinder body 51 and extends upward beyond the second cylinder body 51. The second return spring 53 is disposed within the second cylinder body 51 and causes the second piston rod 52 to move upward and return to its original position. The second equal-height bolt passes downward through the second through hole 15 and is screwed and fixed to the top end of the second piston rod 52.

[0036] The working principle of this embodiment is described in detail below: When it is necessary to clamp the first workpiece 61, the first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 controls the clamping module 20 to work. Specifically: in the initial state, the first piston rod 42 is at its upper limit position, and the plurality of first jaws 24 are all far from the center of the first clamping space. First, the first workpiece 61 is placed on the placement position 201 and located in the first clamping space. Then, oil is supplied to the first hydraulic drive cylinder 40, and the first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 works to drive the first piston rod 42 to move downward. The first return spring 43 is compressed. Then, the first piston rod 42 moves downward. Rod 42 drives the central drive shaft 22 to move vertically downwards. Then, the central drive shaft 22 drives multiple inclined tie columns 23 to move downwards at an angle. These tie columns 23 then drive multiple first jaws 24 to move downwards, bringing them closer to the center of the first clamping space. This allows each first jaw 24 to contact the corresponding outer surface of the first workpiece 61, clamping and fixing the first workpiece 61 within the first clamping space. Simultaneously, the multiple first return springs 25 are compressed, allowing for machining of the first workpiece 61. After machining of the first workpiece 61 is completed, oil supply to the first hydraulic drive cylinder 40 is stopped. The first piston rod 42 moves upwards to its original position under the action of the first return spring 43. Simultaneously, the multiple first return springs 25 cause the multiple inclined tie columns 23 to move upwards at an angle, moving the multiple first jaws 24 away from the center of the first clamping space, thus releasing the first workpiece 61. The first workpiece 61 can then be removed from the first clamping space.

[0037] When the second workpiece 62 needs to be centered and clamped, the centering and clamping module 30 is controlled by the second hydraulic drive cylinder 50. Specifically: in the initial state, the second piston rod 52 is at its upper limit position, and the multiple second jaws 37 are all far from the center of the second clamping space. First, the second workpiece 62 is placed in the second clamping space and centered. Then, oil is supplied to the second hydraulic drive cylinder 50, which works to drive the second piston rod 52 downward. The second return spring 53 is compressed. Then, the second piston rod 52 drives the main drive shaft 32 downward. Then, the main drive shaft 32 drives multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33 downward through multiple parallel swing arms 34. Due to the "shaking" of the parallel swing arms 34... The "seesaw" effect allows multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33 to independently and adaptively move downwards. When these shafts move downwards, they drive multiple actuating arms 36 to swing forward simultaneously, causing the third hinge portions 363 of the actuating arms 36 to flip downwards. This downward flipping of the third hinge portions 363 then drives multiple motion base claws 35 to move synchronously towards the center of the second body 31. The multiple second jaws 37 move towards the center of the second clamping space along with the motion base claws 35, ensuring that each second jaw 37 is in contact with the corresponding outer surface of the second workpiece 62, thereby clamping and fixing the second workpiece 62 in the second clamping space. Simultaneously, the multiple second return springs 38 are in a compressed state. At this point, the second workpiece 62 can be machined. After the second workpiece 62 is processed, the oil supply to the second hydraulic drive cylinder 50 is stopped. The second piston rod 52 moves upward and returns to its original position under the action of the second return spring 53. At the same time, the multiple second return springs 28 cause the main drive shaft 32 to move upward and return to its original position. Then, the main drive shaft 32 drives multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33 to move upward through multiple parallel swing arms 34. Next, the multiple auxiliary drive shafts 33 drive multiple actuating swing arms 36 to swing in opposite directions at the same time, causing the third hinge portion 363 of the multiple actuating swing arms 36 to flip upward. Then, the upward flipping of the third hinge portion 363 causes multiple moving base claws 35 to move synchronously away from the center of the second body 31. The multiple second jaws 37 move away from the center of the second clamping space along with the movement of the multiple moving base claws 35, thereby releasing the second workpiece 62. At this time, the second workpiece 62 can be taken out from the second clamping space.

[0038] The key design feature of this invention is that by arranging the surface clamping module and the centering clamping module side-by-side on the base, and using a first hydraulic drive cylinder to control the surface clamping module to clamp the first workpiece, and a second hydraulic drive cylinder to control the centering clamping module to center the second workpiece, this product can perform both surface clamping and centering clamping of workpieces, fully meeting the needs of workpiece processing. It eliminates the need to install two different chucks on the machine tool or to change between different chucks, thus bringing convenience to the processing operation. Simultaneously, by incorporating a pressure sensor and a heating element on the jaws, the pressure sensor detects whether the workpiece is clamped, allowing the operator to quickly and directly determine if it is not clamped. If not, the heating element is automatically activated, causing the jaws to expand and clamp the workpiece, ensuring clamping force and thus more firmly clamping the workpiece, achieving intelligent clamping and fixation.

[0039] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the invention without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulically driven, follow-up, centering chuck, characterized in that: It includes a base, a surface clamping module, a centering clamping module, a first hydraulic drive cylinder, and a second hydraulic drive cylinder; The bonding clamping module is mounted on a base and includes a first body, a central drive shaft, multiple inclined tie rods, multiple first jaws, and multiple first return springs. The first body has mounting positions on its surface and is fixed to the base. The central drive shaft is movably mounted within the first body. The multiple inclined tie rods are movably mounted within the first body, arranged in a circular pattern around the center of the central drive shaft. Each tie rod is engaged with the central drive shaft, and the multiple tie rods are moved vertically and horizontally by the central drive shaft, simultaneously moving away from or towards the center of the central drive shaft. The jaws are fixed to the tops of multiple inclined pull columns. Multiple first jaws are located around the outer perimeter of the placement position. The multiple first jaws move up and down with the multiple inclined pull columns, moving away from or towards the center of the placement position simultaneously. A first clamping space for clamping a first workpiece is formed between the multiple first jaws. A first pressure sensor is provided on the side of each first jaw that contacts the first workpiece. Each first pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external controller. A first heating element is provided inside each first jaw. Each first heating element is electrically connected to an external controller. Multiple first return springs are provided inside the first main body. The multiple first return springs cause the multiple inclined pull columns to move upward and return to their original positions. The centering clamping module is mounted on the base and arranged side-by-side with the surface clamping module. The centering clamping module includes a second main body, a main drive shaft, multiple auxiliary drive shafts, multiple parallel swing arms, multiple motion base claws, multiple actuating swing arms, multiple second jaws, and multiple second return springs. The second main body is fixed to the base. The main drive shaft is movably mounted within the second main body. The multiple auxiliary drive shafts are arranged at intervals around the center of the main drive shaft, and each auxiliary drive shaft is movably mounted vertically relative to the main drive shaft. The multiple parallel swing arms are hinged to the main drive shaft and move up and down with it. Each parallel swing arm has two ends hinged to two adjacent auxiliary drive shafts. The back-and-forth swing of the parallel swing arms causes the adjacent auxiliary drive shafts to move alternately up and down. The multiple parallel swing arms hinge the multiple auxiliary drive shafts and form a closed-loop transmission assembly. The multiple motion base claws are spaced circumferentially around the center of the second main body. The arrangement is as follows: each moving base claw is arranged to slide horizontally back and forth along the radial direction of the second body; multiple actuating arms are mounted inside the second body and can swing up and down; each actuating arm is hinged to the auxiliary drive shaft and driven by the auxiliary drive shaft to swing up and down; each actuating arm is hinged to multiple moving base claws and drives the multiple moving base claws to slide horizontally back and forth; multiple second jaws are arranged in a matrix and fixed to the corresponding moving base claws; a second clamping space for clamping the second workpiece is formed between the multiple second jaws; a second pressure sensor is provided on the side of each second jaw that contacts the second workpiece; each second pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external controller; and a second heating element is provided inside each second jaw, and each second heating element is electrically connected to an external controller; multiple second return springs are provided inside the second body and cause the main drive shaft to move upward and return to its original position. The first hydraulic drive cylinder is disposed inside the base, and the first hydraulic drive cylinder drives the central drive shaft to move downward. The second hydraulic drive cylinder is located inside the base, and the second hydraulic drive cylinder drives the main drive shaft to move downward.

2. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first main body includes a lower seat and an upper seat. The lower seat is fixed to a base, and a central shaft hole and multiple receiving holes are formed through its upper and lower surfaces. The central shaft hole is located at the center of the lower seat, and the multiple receiving holes are arranged in a circle around the center of the central shaft hole. The upper seat is stacked and fixed on the surface of the lower seat. A receiving cavity is recessed at the bottom center of the upper seat, and multiple oblique holes are formed through its upper and lower surfaces. The lower ends of the multiple oblique holes are all connected to the receiving cavity. The upper end of the central drive shaft is located in the receiving cavity, and the lower end of the central drive shaft extends into the central shaft hole and moves back and forth along the central shaft hole. Multiple inclined pull columns are respectively located in corresponding oblique holes and move back and forth obliquely along the corresponding oblique holes. Multiple first return springs are respectively located in corresponding receiving holes, and the two ends of each first return spring abut against the base and the bottom of the corresponding inclined pull column, respectively.

3. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the central drive shaft extends radially with a protruding ring. Correspondingly, the lower outer surface of the plurality of inclined columns is recessed with a groove, and the protruding ring can slide back and forth laterally and be locked in each groove.

4. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer peripheral side of the inclined column is recessed with an oil guide groove. The oil guide groove is arc-shaped, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two sides of the slot. The outer side of the first main body is provided with a first mounting hole. The first mounting hole is connected to the inclined hole and located above the oil guide groove. A first oil injection nozzle is installed in the first mounting hole.

5. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral side of the main drive shaft is provided with multiple guide grooves, which are evenly spaced in a circle. The multiple auxiliary drive shafts are respectively embedded in the multiple guide grooves and move back and forth along the corresponding guide grooves. The main drive shaft is provided with multiple connecting grooves, which are horizontally arranged and evenly spaced in a circle around the center of the main drive shaft. The multiple connecting grooves connect two adjacent guide grooves. The multiple parallel swing arms are respectively located in the corresponding connecting grooves, and the two ends of each parallel swing arm extend into two adjacent guide grooves.

6. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer peripheral side of the main drive shaft is provided with a plurality of first shaft holes. The plurality of first shaft holes extend radially along the main drive shaft and pass through the corresponding connecting grooves respectively. A first shaft body is installed in each first shaft hole. A second shaft hole is provided in the middle of the parallel swing arm. The first shaft body passes through the second shaft hole. The parallel swing arm rotates around the center of the first shaft body.

7. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the auxiliary drive shaft is recessed with a first hinge groove, and both ends of the parallel swing arm have a first hinge portion, which is hinged in the corresponding first hinge groove.

8. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The second main body includes a base and a top cover. The upper and lower end faces of the base form a central chamber and multiple mounting chambers. The multiple mounting chambers are located around the central chamber and are all connected to the central chamber. The main drive shaft and multiple auxiliary drive shafts are located in the central chamber. The multiple toggle arms are located in their respective mounting chambers. The top cover is fixed to the base. The top cover has multiple sliding grooves. The multiple motion base claws are located in their respective sliding grooves and slide back and forth along their respective sliding grooves.

9. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The two opposite inner walls of the mounting chamber are recessed with grooves, and each groove is fitted with a mounting block. The mounting block has a third shaft hole, in which a second shaft is installed. The actuating arm has a fourth shaft hole, in which the second shaft passes. The actuating arm swings back and forth around the center of the second shaft.

10. The hydraulic follow-up centering chuck as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the auxiliary drive shaft is recessed with a second hinge groove, and the bottom surface of the plurality of motion base claws is provided with a third hinge groove. Each actuating swing arm is provided with a second hinge part and a third hinge part. The second hinge part is hinged in the second hinge groove, and the third hinge part is hinged in the third hinge groove.

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