Rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of rail transit vehicle testing technology, and particularly relates to a rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device and method. The device comprises a mounting seat, two actuating cylinders arranged side by side on the upper surface of the mounting seat, a force sensor installed at the upper end of the actuating cylinder, a first bearing seat connected to the upper end of the force sensor, an axle installed between the two first bearing seats, one end of the axle connected to the output shaft of a first motor through a universal coupling, a loading wheel installed on the left and right parts of the axle, a synchronous wheel arranged below the loading wheel, the synchronous wheel installed on a second bearing seat through a rotating shaft, the second bearing seat installed on a base, the base arranged on the mounting seat, a synchronous motor arranged between the two synchronous wheels, and the output shaft of the synchronous motor connected to the rotating shaft. The present application can perform different standard tests on the axle, such as EN standard fatigue test and GOST standard fatigue test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail transit vehicle testing technology, specifically relating to a rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, rail transit vehicles have become a common means of transportation for people. As one of the most important core components of rail transit vehicles, the working stability of the axle is directly related to the safety of vehicle operation; therefore, fatigue testing of the axle is required before it is put into use to comprehensively verify the design, processing and manufacturing of the wheel.

[0003] In publicly available reports of existing technologies, the rotational bending fatigue testing of axles is still limited to cantilever beam axle rotational bending fatigue test benches, which can only verify one section of the axle, resulting in low testing accuracy. At the same time, it relies on the eccentric vibration of the motor to achieve the action. Under the premise of ensuring that the bending moment meets the standard, the natural frequency of its test system is generally low, which leads to a long test cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a fatigue testing device and method for axles of rail transit vehicles to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A fatigue testing device for axles of rail transit vehicles includes a mounting base. Two actuating cylinders are arranged side by side on the upper surface of the mounting base. A force sensor is installed at the upper end of each actuating cylinder. A first bearing seat is connected to the upper end of the force sensor. An axle is installed between the two first bearing seats. One end of the axle is connected to the output shaft of a first motor via a universal coupling. Loading wheels are installed on the left and right sides of the axle. A synchronous wheel is arranged below the loading wheel. The synchronous wheel is mounted on a second bearing seat via a rotating shaft. The second bearing seat is mounted on a base. The base is set on the mounting base. A synchronous motor is arranged between the two synchronous wheels. The output shaft of the synchronous motor is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the two synchronous wheels to rotate, so that the rotational speed of the synchronous wheels is consistent with the rotational linear speed of the loading wheels.

[0007] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with a support seat corresponding to each actuating cylinder, the support seat being used to support and protect the actuating cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper end of the actuating cylinder passes through the support base and is located above the support base. Guide columns are provided on both the front and rear sides of the actuating cylinder, and the guide columns are installed between the first bearing seat and the support base.

[0009] Furthermore, a connecting block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the force sensor, the guide post is installed between the support base and the connecting block, and connecting rods are hinged to both the front and rear sides of the first bearing seat. The lower ends of the two connecting rods are respectively hinged to the front and rear sides of the corresponding connecting blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, a guide seat is installed on the upper surface of the support base, a guide block is provided on the side of the connecting rod near the guide seat, and a guide groove corresponding to the guide block is provided on the guide seat.

[0011] Furthermore, an arc-shaped frame is provided on both the front and rear sides of the loading wheel. The arc-shaped frame is mounted on a bracket, which is located on the upper surface of the mounting base. An auxiliary wheel is installed on the end of the arc-shaped frame near the loading wheel, and the auxiliary wheel does not contact the loading wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, a second arc-shaped frame is provided on both the front and rear sides of the middle of the axle. The second arc-shaped frame is mounted on a bracket. A protective sleeve is installed on the two second arc-shaped frames near the axle. The protective sleeve is fitted on the axle but does not contact the axle.

[0013] Furthermore, a sliding groove is provided on the upper surface of the bracket, and both the No. 1 arc frame and the No. 2 arc frame are slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

[0014] Furthermore, an extension sleeve is provided between the No. 1 bearing housing and the axle to lengthen the axle and reduce the force of the actuating cylinder, thereby achieving the load that the bearing can withstand.

[0015] A fatigue testing method for axles of rail transit vehicles, including fatigue testing according to EN standard and fatigue testing according to GOST standard;

[0016] When conducting fatigue tests according to EN standards, the actuating cylinder applies a constant load to the axle through bearing housing number one, while motor number one drives the axle to rotate through universal coupling.

[0017] When performing the GOST standard fatigue test, the actuating cylinder applies a sinusoidal load to the axle through the No. 1 bearing housing, while the No. 1 motor does not work and the axle does not rotate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] This invention can perform different standard tests on axles. When two actuating cylinders apply a constant load to the axle, and a first motor drives the axle to rotate through a universal coupling, an EN standard fatigue test is performed. When the first motor is not working, the axle does not rotate, and the two actuating cylinders apply a sinusoidal load to the axle, a GOST standard fatigue test is performed. When the two actuating cylinders apply a road spectrum load to the wheel, it can be used to verify the dynamic characteristics, wear characteristics, and fatigue characteristics of the axle under a given track running condition.

[0020] This invention can perform four-point bending and rotational fatigue testing on axles, simulating normal operating conditions of axles. It can be tested according to actual operating conditions or standard experimental load requirements, and the measurement results are accurate and precise.

[0021] The present invention can also simulate the dynamic characteristics of the axle under acceleration and deceleration conditions and test the heat distribution caused by braking by adding a brake disc;

[0022] This invention directly drives the axle using a No. 1 motor. Compared with the original resonance method, this invention is not limited by the inherent frequency of the test system, and the test speed is greatly improved.

[0023] This invention uses guide posts to ensure that the actuating cylinder will not bend under heavy loads, and to ensure that the output force of the actuating cylinder always remains in a vertical line, thereby meeting the requirements of the invention for heavy load output.

[0024] The present invention is equipped with a synchronous motor to drive the synchronous pulley and the loading pulley to rotate at the same linear speed, thereby eliminating the relative motion tendency between the two, minimizing contact fatigue between the synchronous pulley and the loading pulley, and extending the service life of the loading pulley.

[0025] This invention incorporates auxiliary wheels and protective sleeves to protect workers and prevent the axle from causing harm to personnel and equipment in the event of an accident during testing. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of circle A in the center;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of circle B in the center;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention without a mounting base;

[0030] In the diagram, the components are: mounting base—1, actuating cylinder—2, force sensor—3, bearing seat No. 1—4, axle—5, universal coupling—6, motor No. 1—7, loading wheel—9, synchronous wheel—10, bearing seat No. 2—12, base—13, synchronous motor—14, support seat—15, guide column—16, connecting block—17, connecting rod—18, guide seat—19, guide block—20, guide groove—21, arc frame No. 1—22, bracket—23, auxiliary wheel—24, arc frame No. 2—25, protective sleeve—26, extension sleeve—27, slide groove—28. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below through embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a fatigue testing device for axles of rail transit vehicles includes a mounting base 1. Two actuating cylinders 2 are arranged side-by-side on the upper surface of the mounting base 1. Support seats 15, corresponding to the actuating cylinders 2, are provided on the mounting base 1. The support seats 15 support and protect the actuating cylinders 2. The upper end of each actuating cylinder 2 passes through the support seat 15 and is located above it. A force sensor 3 is installed at the upper end of the actuating cylinder 2. A connecting block 17 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the force sensor 3. A guide post 16 is provided between the connecting block 17 and the support seat 15. A first bearing seat 4 is provided above the connecting block 17. Connecting rods 18 are hinged to both the front and rear sides of the support 15. The lower ends of the two connecting rods 18 are respectively hinged to the front and rear sides of the corresponding connecting blocks 17. A guide seat 19 is installed on the upper surface of the support 15. A guide block 20 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 18 near the guide seat 19. A guide groove 21 corresponding to the guide block 20 is provided on the guide seat 19. An axle 5 is installed between the two bearing seats 4. An extension sleeve 27 is provided between the bearing seat 4 and the axle 5 to lengthen the axle 5 and reduce the force of the actuating cylinder 2, thereby achieving the load that the bearing can withstand. One end of one of the extension sleeves 27 is connected to a universal coupling. The device 6 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 7. Loading wheels 9 are installed on both the left and right sides of the axle 5. Synchronous wheels 10 are positioned below the loading wheels 9. The synchronous wheels 10 are mounted on the second bearing seat 12 via a rotating shaft. The second bearing seat 12 is mounted on a base 13, which is located on a mounting base 1. A synchronous motor 14 is positioned between the two synchronous wheels 10. The output shaft of the synchronous motor 14 is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the two synchronous wheels 10 to rotate, ensuring that the rotational speed of the synchronous wheels 10 matches the linear speed of the loading wheels 9. Arc-shaped frames 22 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the loading wheels 9. 2. Mounted on bracket 23, which is located on the upper surface of mounting base 1. An auxiliary wheel 24 is mounted on the end of the first arc-shaped frame 22 near the loading wheel 9. The auxiliary wheel 24 does not contact the loading wheel 9. Second arc-shaped frames 25 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the middle of the axle 5. The second arc-shaped frames 25 are mounted on bracket 23. A protective sleeve 26 is installed on the ends of the two second arc-shaped frames 25 near the axle 5. The protective sleeve 26 is fitted on the axle 5 but does not contact the axle 5. A sliding groove 28 is provided on the upper surface of bracket 23. The first arc-shaped frame 22 and the second arc-shaped frame 25 are slidably disposed in the sliding groove 28.

[0033] A fatigue testing method for axles of rail transit vehicles, including fatigue testing according to EN standard and fatigue testing according to GOST standard;

[0034] When the fatigue test according to EN standard is carried out, the actuating cylinder 2 applies a constant load to the axle 5 through the first bearing seat 4, while the first motor 7 drives the axle 5 to rotate through the universal coupling 6.

[0035] When the fatigue test according to the GOST standard is performed, the actuator 2 applies a sinusoidal load to the axle 5 through the bearing housing 4, while the motor 7 does not work and the axle 5 does not rotate.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fatigue testing device for axles of rail transit vehicles, characterized in that: Includes a mounting base (1), on which two actuating cylinders (2) are arranged side by side. Support seats (15) corresponding to the actuating cylinders (2) are provided on the mounting base (1). The support seats (15) are used to support and protect the actuating cylinders (2). The upper end of the actuating cylinder (2) passes through the support seat (15) and is located above the support seat (15). A force sensor (3) is installed on the upper end of the actuating cylinder (2). A connecting block (17) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the force sensor (3). Guide posts (16) are provided on both the front and rear sides of the actuating cylinder (2). The guide posts (16) are located between the support seat (15) and the connecting block (17). A bearing seat (4) is provided above the connecting block (17). Connecting rods (18) are hinged to both the front and rear sides of the bearing seat (4). The two connecting rods (18) are connected to the bearing seat (4). The lower end of 8) is hinged to the front and rear sides of the corresponding connecting block (17). A guide seat (19) is installed on the upper surface of the support seat (15). A guide block (20) is provided on the side of the connecting rod (18) near the guide seat (19). A guide groove (21) corresponding to the guide block (20) is provided on the guide seat (19). An axle (5) is installed between the two bearing seats (4). One end of the axle (5) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (7) through a universal coupling (6). Loading wheels (9) are installed on the left and right sides of the axle (5). A synchronous wheel (10) is provided below the loading wheel (9). The synchronous wheel (10) is installed on the bearing seat (12) through a rotating shaft. The bearing seat (12) is installed on the base (13). The base (13) is set on the mounting seat (1). A synchronous motor (14) is provided between the two synchronous pulleys (10). The output shaft of the synchronous motor (14) is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the two synchronous pulleys (10) to rotate, so that the rotational speed of the synchronous pulleys (10) is consistent with the rotational linear speed of the loading wheel (9).

2. The rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped frame (22) is provided on both the front and rear sides of the loading wheel (9). The arc-shaped frame (22) is mounted on the bracket (23). The bracket (23) is located on the upper surface of the mounting base (1). An auxiliary wheel (24) is installed at the end of the arc-shaped frame (22) near the loading wheel (9). The auxiliary wheel (24) does not contact the loading wheel (9).

3. The rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second arc frame (25) is provided on both the front and rear sides of the middle part of the axle (5). The second arc frame (25) is mounted on the bracket (23). A protective sleeve (26) is installed on the two second arc frames (25) near the axle (5). The protective sleeve (26) is fitted on the axle (5) and does not contact the axle (5).

4. The rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding groove (28) is provided on the upper surface of the bracket (23), and the first arc frame (22) and the second arc frame (25) are slidably disposed in the sliding groove (28).

5. The rail transit vehicle axle fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension sleeve (27) is provided between the bearing housing (4) and the axle (5) to lengthen the axle (5) and reduce the force of the actuating cylinder (2), thereby achieving the load that the bearing can withstand.

6. A method for fatigue testing of axles of rail transit vehicles based on the testing device described in claim 1, characterized in that: This includes fatigue testing according to EN standards and fatigue testing according to GOST standards; When the fatigue test according to EN standard is carried out, the actuating cylinder (2) applies a constant load to the axle (5) through the bearing housing (4), and at the same time the motor (7) drives the axle (5) to rotate through the universal coupling (6); When the fatigue test of the GOST standard is carried out, the actuating cylinder (2) applies a sinusoidal load to the axle (5) through the bearing housing (4), while the motor (7) does not work and the axle (5) does not rotate.

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