Anti-radiation mass concrete pouring construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-radiation mass concrete pouring construction method, and relates to the technical field of anti-radiation mass concrete pouring construction.The anti-radiation mass concrete pouring construction method is applied to construction of a mass concrete structure of a hospital radiation room, the thickness of the mass concrete structure is larger than 1.5 m, and when the anti-radiation mass concrete pouring construction method is used, an XPS heat insulation plate serves as a lining formwork; the XPS heat insulation plate is installed at the position of an outer side formwork of the mass concrete structure, a wood formwork is arranged on the outer side of the XPS heat insulation plate, a composite formwork system composed of the wood formwork and the XPS heat insulation plate is supported and reinforced through a reinforcing component, layered pouring of concrete is conducted in the composite formwork system subjected to supporting and reinforcing, and the mass concrete structure is formed. The XPS heat insulation plate can be used for carrying out heat insulation operation on mass concrete formed by pouring, additional heat insulation measures are not needed, waste of related heat insulation materials caused by the fact that the heat insulation measures need to be achieved is avoided, and the service life and the use time limit of the materials are guaranteed.

Description

Construction method for large-volume radiation-proof concrete pouring Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radiation-proof large-volume concrete pouring construction technology, and in particular to a method for radiation-proof large-volume concrete pouring construction. Background Technology

[0002] The construction technology for large-volume radiation-shielding concrete is a key technology in special building projects such as nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and scientific research laboratories. With the rapid development of nuclear energy utilization, medical imaging technology, and scientific research, the performance requirements for radiation-shielding concrete structures are increasingly stringent. During the pouring of large-volume concrete, the large release of heat from cement hydration causes a rapid increase in the internal temperature of the concrete, while the surface dissipates heat more quickly, creating a significant temperature difference between the inside and outside, thus generating thermal stress. When this thermal stress exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete, thermal cracks will occur.

[0003] Currently, the construction of radiation-proof large-volume concrete pouring mainly involves optimizing the concrete mix ratio, selecting low-heat cement, and adding mineral admixtures such as fly ash to reduce the heat of hydration. However, when pouring large-volume concrete, the existing technology is limited because traditional external insulation and curing measures are mostly temporary and need to be removed after construction, resulting in material waste and limited duration of insulation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a method for constructing large-volume radiation-proof concrete, which aims to solve the technical problems of existing technologies in the pouring of large-volume concrete, where traditional external insulation and curing measures are mostly temporary and need to be removed after construction, resulting in material waste and limited duration of insulation effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention proposes a method for constructing large-volume radiation-proof concrete structures, applicable to the construction of large-volume concrete structures in hospital radiology rooms, wherein the thickness of the large-volume concrete structure is greater than 1.5 meters, and the method includes the following steps:

[0006] XPS insulation boards are used as inner lining templates and installed at the outer template positions of the large-volume concrete structure. The XPS insulation boards are in direct contact with the concrete to be poured, serving as insulation to control the internal and external temperature differences during the hardening process of the concrete, thus preventing crack formation. Wooden templates are installed outside the XPS insulation boards, and the composite template system consisting of the wooden templates and the XPS insulation boards is supported and reinforced by reinforcing components. Concrete is then poured in layers within the supported and reinforced composite template system to form the large-volume concrete structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of installing XPS insulation board as an inner lining template at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure includes: for the radiation room wall, after the reinforcement binding is accepted, the template is erected; for the radiation room floor slab, the reinforcement is bound after the template is completed.

[0008] In one embodiment, before the step of installing the XPS insulation board as an inner lining template at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure, the method further includes: setting a vertical construction joint in the wall at the junction of adjacent radiation room walls according to the structural design and construction conditions, and aligning the floor slab construction joint with the vertical construction joint in the wall.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of installing XPS insulation boards as inner lining templates at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure includes: arranging and cutting the XPS insulation boards according to the dimensions of the large-volume concrete structure; first installing the XPS insulation boards at the internal and external corners, and then installing the XPS insulation boards at other locations in sequence; drilling holes in the XPS insulation boards and installing tie bolts to tie and fix the composite template system on both sides.

[0010] In one embodiment, before the step of drilling holes and installing tie bolts on the XPS insulation board to tie and fix the composite template system on both sides, the method further includes: densely installing flywheels or pads at the corners of the composite template system and at the joints of the two XPS insulation boards.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of setting a wooden template on the outside of the XPS insulation board and supporting and reinforcing the composite template system composed of the wooden template and the XPS insulation board by reinforcing members includes: setting wooden blocks at a preset interval as secondary ribs on the outside of the wooden template; and setting square steel pipes as main ribs on the outside of the secondary ribs for support and reinforcement.

[0012] In one embodiment, after the step of setting square steel pipes as main ribs for support and reinforcement on the outside of the secondary ribs, the method further includes: erecting disc-lock steel pipe scaffolding as a support system below the XPS insulation board and the wooden formwork.

[0013] In one embodiment, the step of pouring concrete in layers within the reinforced composite formwork system to form the large-volume concrete structure includes: pouring concrete in layers within the reinforced composite formwork system; installing temperature sensors within the poured concrete and monitoring the internal temperature of the concrete at a preset frequency; and forming the large-volume concrete structure when the peak temperature does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center and surface at any test location is not higher than 25°C.

[0014] In one embodiment, before the step of forming the large-volume concrete structure when the temperature peak does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature at any test location does not exceed 25°C, the method further includes: monitoring the state of the composite formwork system during the pouring and vibration process to prevent formwork bulging or grout leakage.

[0015] In one embodiment, after the step of forming the large-volume concrete structure when the temperature peak does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature at any test location does not exceed 25°C, the method further includes: removing the wooden formwork, the reinforcing member, and the XPS insulation board located on the outside of the concrete structure; wherein the XPS insulation board filled in the gap between the wall and the adjacent retaining structure is retained as a permanent insulation layer.

[0016] The technical solution of this invention is applied to the construction of large-volume concrete structures in hospital radiology rooms. These structures are over 1.5 meters thick. During use, XPS insulation boards are installed as inner formwork on the outer formwork of the large-volume concrete structure. Wooden formwork is placed outside the XPS insulation boards, and reinforcing components support and reinforce the composite formwork system consisting of the wooden formwork and XPS insulation boards. Concrete is then poured in layers within this reinforced composite formwork system to form the large-volume concrete structure. This invention allows the XPS insulation boards to provide insulation for the poured large-volume concrete, eliminating the need for additional insulation measures and avoiding waste of insulation materials. This ensures the material's lifespan and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the radiation-proof large-volume concrete pouring construction method provided by the present invention.

[0019] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0023] In the construction of large-volume radiation-proof concrete, traditional external insulation and curing measures are mostly temporary structures that need to be dismantled after construction. This results in a waste of insulation materials, and the insulation effect cannot last until the concrete hardens. As a result, it is difficult to effectively control the temperature difference between the inside and the surface of the concrete, which leads to temperature stress concentration. When the temperature stress exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete, cracks will occur, affecting the structural integrity and radiation protection performance.

[0024] For example, in the construction of large-volume concrete structures in hospital radiology rooms, where the thickness of the structure is greater than 1.5 meters, conventional insulation measures require manual removal of the insulation layer after the concrete is poured. The removal process can easily disturb the surface of the newly poured concrete. At the same time, the insulation function terminates immediately after removal, making it impossible to maintain the temperature stability during the concrete hardening process. This causes the internal and external temperature differences to exceed the safety threshold. Furthermore, this problem is particularly prominent under conditions of large fluctuations in the construction environment temperature, resulting in uneven temperature distribution inside the concrete and increasing the difficulty of construction quality control.

[0025] This invention proposes a method for constructing large-volume radiation-resistant concrete.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1. For ease of understanding, this method for pouring large-volume radiation-proof concrete is applied to the construction of a large-volume concrete structure in a hospital radiology room. The thickness of the large-volume concrete structure is greater than 1.5 meters. The method includes the following steps: S100, XPS insulation board is used as an inner lining template and installed at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure; wherein, the XPS insulation board is in direct contact with the concrete to be poured, and the XPS insulation board serves as an insulation board to control the internal and external temperature difference of the concrete during the hardening process to prevent crack formation; S200, wooden templates are set on the outside of the XPS insulation board, and the composite template system composed of the wooden templates and the XPS insulation board is supported and reinforced by reinforcing components; S300, concrete is poured in layers within the supported and reinforced composite template system to form the large-volume concrete structure.

[0027] In practical construction, large-volume concrete structures may be applied in various scenarios, such as reactor buildings in nuclear power plants, large basement structures, or hydraulic structures. However, when applied to hospital radiology rooms, higher requirements are placed on the radiation shielding performance and structural integrity of the concrete. Furthermore, when the thickness of the concrete structure reaches or exceeds 1.5 meters, the accumulation effect of internal hydration heat will be significantly enhanced, leading to more prominent temperature stress problems. For example, when constructing a 2-meter-thick wall for a radiology room, without effective measures, the internal temperature of the concrete may be far higher than the surface temperature, resulting in severe temperature cracks.

[0028] XPS insulation boards are used as inner lining formwork, installed at the outer formwork position of large-volume concrete structures. The XPS insulation boards are in direct contact with the concrete to be poured, acting as insulation to control the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete during the hardening process, thus preventing crack formation. In traditional construction methods, inner lining formwork typically uses wooden, steel, or plastic formwork. These materials primarily provide forming functionality, while insulation requires additional measures. For example, insulation material can be pasted onto the outer surface of the structure after concrete pouring. Alternatively, a thin film or coating can be placed on the inside of the formwork to reduce heat loss. However, these methods may not achieve close contact with the concrete or provide adequate insulation. In this embodiment, the XPS insulation boards are used directly as inner lining formwork, maintaining close contact with the concrete and providing insulation from the initial pouring stage.

[0029] Wooden formwork is installed on the outside of XPS insulation boards, and the composite formwork system consisting of the wooden formwork and XPS insulation boards is supported and reinforced by reinforcing components. In some construction scenarios, XPS insulation boards may be used directly as permanent formwork or fixed only by simple supports. For example, lightweight support rods or temporary brackets can be used to fix XPS insulation boards. However, considering the enormous lateral pressure generated during the pouring of large volumes of concrete, and the strength limitations of the XPS insulation boards themselves, relying solely on XPS insulation boards or simple supports may not guarantee the overall stability and safety of the formwork system. This embodiment forms a composite formwork system by installing stronger wooden formwork on the outside of the XPS insulation boards and supplementing it with reinforcing components. The composite formwork system can effectively resist the lateral pressure of concrete, ensuring that the formwork does not deform or bulge during the pouring process.

[0030] Within the reinforced composite formwork system, concrete is poured in layers to form the large-volume concrete structure. In some large-volume concrete constructions, a continuous pouring method may be used to improve construction efficiency. For example, concrete may be poured to the designed height in one go using pumping equipment. However, this continuous pouring method can cause a large accumulation of hydration heat within the concrete in a short period, leading to a rapid increase in internal temperature that is mismatched with the surface heat dissipation rate, thus exacerbating the temperature difference between the inside and outside. This embodiment uses a layered pouring method, dividing the total pouring height into several layers. After each layer is poured, a certain amount of time is allowed for the concrete to initially harden and dissipate heat, thereby effectively controlling the temperature rise of each layer of concrete and gradually reducing the temperature gradient of the overall structure.

[0031] In this embodiment, a large-volume concrete structure with a thickness greater than 1.5 meters is used in the construction of a hospital radiology room. XPS insulation boards are used as inner formwork and installed at the outer formwork position of the large-volume concrete structure. Wooden formwork is installed outside the XPS insulation boards, and the composite formwork system consisting of the wooden formwork and XPS insulation boards is supported and reinforced by reinforcing components. Concrete is poured in layers within the supported and reinforced composite formwork system to form the large-volume concrete structure. This invention allows the XPS insulation boards to be used for heat preservation of the poured large-volume concrete, eliminating the need for additional insulation measures and avoiding waste of insulation materials. This ensures the service life and lifespan of the materials.

[0032] In one embodiment, the step of installing XPS insulation board as an inner lining template at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure includes: for the radiation room wall, after the reinforcement binding is accepted, the template is erected; for the radiation room floor slab, the reinforcement is bound after the template is completed.

[0033] In one embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the XPS insulation panel is 0.020-0.035 W / (m·K).

[0034] In this embodiment, XPS insulation boards with a thermal conductivity limited to the range of 0.020-0.035 W / (m·K) are used as inner lining templates and come into direct contact with the concrete to be poured. During the concrete hardening process, the XPS insulation boards effectively prevent the loss of hydration heat from the concrete. This precisely controlled low thermal conductivity allows heat inside the concrete to be released slowly and evenly, effectively reducing the temperature gradient between the concrete core and surface. Compared to using insulation materials with uncertain or high thermal conductivity, this solution can more stably and reliably control the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete within an acceptable range, thereby significantly reducing the risk of concrete cracking caused by thermal stress and ensuring the integrity and durability of large-volume concrete structures.

[0035] In one embodiment, before the step of installing the XPS insulation board as an inner lining template at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure, the method further includes: setting a vertical construction joint in the wall at the junction of adjacent radiation room walls according to the structural design and construction conditions, and aligning the floor slab construction joint with the vertical construction joint in the wall.

[0036] In this embodiment, before installing XPS insulation panels as inner lining templates at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure, vertical construction joints are pre-set at the junction of adjacent radiation room walls according to the structural design and construction conditions. The floor slab construction joints are aligned with these vertical construction joints, thereby further optimizing the crack control strategy for the large-volume concrete structure while controlling the internal temperature difference of the concrete. Large-volume concrete generates significant heat of hydration during hardening, leading to an increase in internal temperature, followed by gradual cooling and shrinkage, accompanied by drying shrinkage. At the junctions of different components such as walls and floor slabs, due to differences in structural form, constraints, and construction sequence, these shrinkage and temperature stresses can easily lead to irregular cracks if not properly planned. By pre-setting vertical construction joints in the walls, the large-volume concrete wall can be divided into several independent pouring sections, effectively controlling the volume of each pouring section, thereby reducing the accumulation of heat of hydration and reducing temperature stress. More specifically, aligning the floor slab construction joints with the vertical construction joints in the walls creates a unified, pre-defined weak interface between the walls and floor slabs on the same vertical plane. When concrete shrinks or experiences temperature stress, the stress is released along the pre-designed construction joints, thus preventing random and harmful cracks from forming inside the structure or at joints. Aligned construction joints not only simplify construction but also allow the structure to better coordinate deformation under load, improving its overall integrity and durability, and further ensuring the long-term stability and radiation shielding effect of large-volume radiation-shielding concrete structures.

[0037] In one embodiment, the step of installing XPS insulation boards as inner lining templates at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure includes: arranging and cutting the XPS insulation boards according to the dimensions of the large-volume concrete structure; first installing the XPS insulation boards at the internal and external corners, and then installing the XPS insulation boards at other locations in sequence; drilling holes in the XPS insulation boards and installing tie bolts to tie and fix the composite template system on both sides.

[0038] In this embodiment, when installing XPS insulation boards as inner lining templates, the XPS insulation boards are first meticulously laid out and cut according to the specific dimensions of the large-volume concrete structure to ensure that each insulation board precisely matches the structural requirements. Subsequently, in terms of installation sequence, priority is given to the XPS insulation boards at critical locations such as the corners of the structure, providing a reliable positioning benchmark for the insulation boards in other areas, thereby ensuring the overall squareness and tightness of the entire XPS insulation board inner lining layer. Based on this, by drilling holes in the XPS insulation boards and installing tie bolts, the composite template system consisting of XPS insulation boards and wooden templates on both sides is firmly tied and fixed. This tying and fixing method allows the composite template system to maintain its overall stability and geometry when subjected to the enormous lateral pressure generated by concrete pouring, effectively preventing the template system from bulging, deforming, or shifting. This not only ensures that the XPS insulation boards, as the insulation layer, can be in close contact with the concrete, fully utilizing their role in controlling temperature differences and preventing crack formation, but also significantly improves the structural rigidity and construction quality of the entire template system, providing a solid guarantee for the successful pouring of large-volume concrete.

[0039] In one embodiment, the step of setting a wooden template on the outside of the XPS insulation board and supporting and reinforcing the composite template system composed of the wooden template and the XPS insulation board by reinforcing members includes: setting wooden blocks at a preset interval as secondary ribs on the outside of the wooden template; and setting square steel pipes as main ribs on the outside of the secondary ribs for support and reinforcement.

[0040] In this embodiment, wooden beams are first installed at preset intervals on the wooden formwork outside the XPS insulation board as secondary ribs. These secondary ribs directly contact the wooden formwork, uniformly bearing and distributing the lateral pressure of the concrete. Subsequently, square steel pipes are installed outside these secondary ribs as primary ribs. The high strength and rigidity of the square steel pipes as primary ribs allow them to effectively receive and resist concentrated loads transmitted from the secondary ribs, further transferring these loads to the external support system. Through this two-stage force transmission system of secondary and primary ribs, the lateral pressure of the concrete can be transmitted and dispersed step-by-step and efficiently, avoiding localized stress concentration and deformation that may occur with a single reinforced component. This graded support reinforcement method not only significantly enhances the overall rigidity and stability of the composite formwork system, effectively preventing problems such as formwork bulging and deformation during concrete pouring, but also, combined with the insulation function of the XPS insulation board as an inner lining formwork, ensures control of the internal and external temperature differences during the hardening process of the large-volume concrete structure. This effectively prevents crack formation while ensuring construction safety and quality.

[0041] In one embodiment, after the step of setting square steel pipes as main ribs for support and reinforcement on the outside of the secondary ribs, the method further includes: erecting disc-lock steel pipe scaffolding as a support system below the XPS insulation board and the wooden formwork.

[0042] In this embodiment, after reinforcing the formwork with square steel pipes as main supports, a modular steel pipe scaffold is erected below the XPS insulation board and wooden formwork as a support system. As an independent vertical support system, the modular steel pipe scaffold can directly bear and transfer the vertical load of the composite formwork system and its internal concrete to the foundation or substructure. Through the modularity and high load-bearing capacity of the modular steel pipe scaffold, the erection density and structural form can be flexibly adjusted according to actual load requirements, ensuring that the entire formwork system maintains precise geometry and position during concrete pouring, especially when large volumes of concrete are poured in layers, effectively resisting vertical deformation. The vertical support, combined with the existing lateral supports (secondary and main supports), forms a more complete and stable three-dimensional support system, significantly enhancing the overall rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the entire composite formwork system, effectively avoiding the risk of formwork subsidence, deformation, or even collapse due to excessive vertical load.

[0043] In one embodiment, the step of pouring concrete in layers within the reinforced composite formwork system to form the large-volume concrete structure includes: pouring concrete in layers within the reinforced composite formwork system; installing temperature sensors within the poured concrete and monitoring the internal temperature of the concrete at a preset frequency; and forming the large-volume concrete structure when the peak temperature does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center and surface at any test location is not higher than 25°C.

[0044] In this embodiment, temperature sensors are installed within the concrete pouring body to achieve real-time, dynamic monitoring of the internal temperature of the concrete. Combined with the thermal insulation effect of the XPS insulation board, this solution can more accurately grasp the release and distribution of the heat of hydration in the concrete. When the temperature difference in a local area inside the concrete reaches the critical value (25°C) that may trigger thermal cracking, the system can immediately issue an early warning and guide construction personnel to take timely cooling measures. This proactive temperature control mechanism effectively controls the temperature difference inside the concrete within a safe range, thereby significantly reducing the risk of cracking in large-volume concrete caused by the heat of hydration. This not only ensures the integrity and durability of the concrete structure but also guarantees its long-term stability and functionality as a radiation shielding structure.

[0045] In one embodiment, before the step of forming the large-volume concrete structure when the temperature peak does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature at any test location does not exceed 25°C, the method further includes: monitoring the state of the composite formwork system during the pouring and vibration process to prevent formwork bulging or grout leakage.

[0046] In this embodiment, by continuously monitoring the state of the composite formwork system during the layered pouring and compaction of concrete, potential anomalies can be detected in a timely manner. For example, deformation of the formwork due to excessive lateral pressure from the concrete or improper vibration, and grout leakage caused by loose or defective formwork joints. Once these anomalies are detected, corresponding corrective measures can be taken immediately, such as suspending pouring, local reinforcement, and sealing leaking points. This allows the invention to effectively avoid dimensional deviations, surface defects, or internal quality damage to the concrete structure caused by formwork problems, thus ensuring that the final large-volume concrete structure not only has effective temperature control but also good geometric accuracy and density.

[0047] In one embodiment, after the step of forming the large-volume concrete structure when the temperature peak does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature at any test location does not exceed 25°C, the method further includes: removing the wooden formwork, the reinforcing member, and the XPS insulation board located on the outside of the concrete structure; wherein the XPS insulation board filled in the gap between the wall and the adjacent retaining structure is retained as a permanent insulation layer.

[0048] In this embodiment, after the large-volume concrete pouring is completed and reaches the design strength, the selective removal of the composite formwork system optimizes both construction efficiency and structural performance. Specifically, temporary wooden formwork and reinforcing components are removed after fulfilling their supporting and shaping functions, not only recycling materials but also providing space for subsequent structural surface treatment or functional installation. Simultaneously, for wall sections with gaps between them and adjacent retaining structures, XPS insulation boards, serving as inner lining formwork, are retained. This retention strategy transforms the XPS insulation boards from temporary construction aids into permanent structural components, continuously leveraging their excellent thermal insulation performance. This approach not only avoids the procedures and costs of installing additional insulation layers in specific areas but also utilizes the advantage of direct contact between the XPS insulation boards and concrete to form a dense insulation layer, effectively reducing heat loss and improving the building's energy efficiency. By utilizing the multiple functions of XPS insulation boards, the long-term performance and economic benefits of the structure are further enhanced while ensuring the quality of concrete pouring.

[0049] In one embodiment, before the step of drilling holes and installing tie bolts on the XPS insulation board to tie and fix the composite template system on both sides, the method further includes: densely installing flywheels or pads at the corners of the composite template system and at the joints of the two XPS insulation boards.

[0050] In this embodiment, before installing the XPS insulation board as an inner lining template at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure, a step of visual and performance inspection of the incoming XPS insulation board is added. By setting up a pre-inspection step, the physical state and key performance indicators of the XPS insulation board are strictly controlled, ensuring that the XPS insulation boards used in subsequent construction have good integrity and meet the insulation performance requirements of the design. When qualified XPS insulation boards are installed and come into direct contact with the concrete to be poured, they can effectively perform their insulation function and precisely control the internal and external temperature difference of the concrete during the hardening process. This quality-controlled insulation measure ensures the uniformity of concrete temperature rise and heat dissipation from the source, thereby significantly reducing the risk of concrete cracking caused by excessive temperature difference, and thus ensuring the overall quality, radiation protection effect, and long-term stability of the radiation-proof large-volume concrete structure.

[0051] Of course, it can be further clarified that the present invention can be implemented by referring to the following process: After the heat insulation board arrives at the construction site, its appearance quality should be inspected, including the following requirements: the surface should be flat, free of impurities, and the texture should be uniform. There should be no visible defects that significantly affect its use, such as missing edges, chipped corners, cracks, deformation, etc.

[0052] During the hoisting, loading, and unloading of insulation panels, throwing, dropping, and stepping on them are strictly prohibited. A dedicated storage and processing area should be set up with rain and sun protection measures. At the same time, tools and materials such as table saws, hand drills, and all-purpose glue should be prepared for subsequent processing of the insulation panels.

[0053] This project includes 6 radiation rooms. The foundation will be completed by the general contractor for the foundation work. The project requires the construction of 2-3 meter thick walls and 2 meter thick floor slabs. The overall construction sequence is: radiation room walls → radiation room floor slabs.

[0054] To avoid construction joints inside the six radiation rooms, the vertical construction joints in the walls are designed at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical walls of adjacent radiation rooms, and are poured in six stages.

[0055] The construction joints of the floor slab in the radiation room are vertically aligned with the construction joints of the walls, and the slab will be poured in six sections.

[0056] The layout and division of the insulation panels are determined by the dimensions of the walls and floors. Use standard, complete panels (600mm × 1800mm × 50mm) as much as possible to minimize irregular dimensions at the edges. Due to the high ceiling of the radiation room, the insulation panels need to be vertically spliced, with staggered joints between the upper and lower panels.

[0057] If non-standard sizes are required, the insulation board must be cut on-site. The standard tool is a bench saw, and the saw blade must be able to cut a 50mm thick insulation board in one pass to prevent misalignment during secondary cutting. Before cutting, the cutting line must be accurately measured and marked to avoid accidental cuts; maintain a constant speed during cutting to avoid cracking the insulation board due to excessive speed; after cutting, inspect the edges of the board and clean up any remaining debris.

[0058] For the walls of the radiation room, formwork can only be erected after the reinforcement binding has passed inspection; conversely, for the floor slabs of the radiation room, the bottom formwork must be erected before the reinforcement binding. To control the thickness of the concrete cover, flywheels or spacers are placed on the main reinforcement bars between the insulation boards. Flywheels or spacers can be placed more frequently at corners and joints between two insulation boards to prevent misalignment between joints due to insulation board deformation.

[0059] First, the insulation boards should be positioned and marked out, then installed according to the design layout. Install the inside and outside corners first, then proceed from one side to the other. After laying the insulation boards on one side, use a hand drill to drill holes in the surface of the insulation boards to reserve positions for the installation of the waterproofing gaskets. The horizontal and vertical spacing of the holes should be 600mm. Install the tie bolts according to the hole positions. These tie bolts do not have bolt sleeves; weld a turnbuckle to each end of a 12mm diameter steel bar and adjust it using screws. After the insulation boards on one side are installed and adjusted, drill holes in the corresponding positions on the opposite side of the insulation board and pass the tie bolts through, ensuring that the bolts are perpendicular to the wall after insertion.

[0060] For the walls of the radiation room, after laying an 18mm thick layer of plywood on the outside of the insulation board, install 50mm×75mm timber strips vertically at 300mm intervals as secondary ribs, and install two 50mm×25mm×2mm square steel pipes horizontally at 700mm intervals as primary ribs. Fix the primary and secondary ribs, and adjust their verticality to ensure a secure connection with the formwork. Secondary ribs are required at the joints and corners of the insulation boards to prevent quality problems such as misalignment of the boards and grout leakage.

[0061] For the radiation room floor slab, a 3mm plywood layer is laid on top of the insulation board for protection. A disc-lock steel pipe scaffolding system is used as the support system for the radiation room floor slab at the bottom of the insulation board. Vertical construction loads are transferred using Φ48.3×3.25mm steel pipes for the uprights, with a horizontal and vertical spacing of 732mm. Horizontal and diagonal braces are made of Φ48.3×2.50mm steel pipes, with a horizontal and vertical spacing of 1500mm.

[0062] Before pouring concrete, inspect and clean any remaining debris inside the formwork to ensure cleanliness. The dry foundation surface should be moistened with water, ensuring no standing water remains. The concrete strength grade is C45 / 20D, and on-site sampling should be conducted using the concrete pump truck. Each concrete delivery truck must undergo two slump tests. The concrete delivery slip must be verified according to design requirements. Concrete pouring for walls and floor slabs should be done in layers to avoid cold joints.

[0063] Select representative cross-sections as test locations. Test points should be placed at the surface, center, and bottom layers of the test location to collect parameters such as surface temperature, center temperature, and bottom layer temperature. Internal concrete temperature should be measured every 15 minutes, and a temperature report should be provided promptly. The report should include temperature data, temperature difference data, and temperature change curves for each measurement point. External environmental temperature measurement should be conducted simultaneously with concrete pouring. If the peak temperature does not exceed 80 degrees Celsius for three consecutive days after concrete pouring, and the temperature difference between the center and surface of the test location does not exceed 25 degrees Celsius, temperature measurement can be stopped.

[0064] There is a 100-250mm structural gap between the radiation room walls and the retaining structure. This gap can be filled with insulation boards and poured as part of the concrete; these boards do not need to be removed afterward. All insulation boards in other locations must be removed. The insulation boards used at the bottom of the radiation room floor slab must also be completely removed after the scaffolding is dismantled.

[0065] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present invention and the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing large-volume radiation-shielding concrete structures, characterized in that the method is applied to the construction of large-volume concrete structures for hospital radiology rooms, wherein the thickness of the large-volume concrete structure is greater than... The 1.5-meter-long method for constructing the radiation-shielding large-volume concrete structure includes the following steps: XPS insulation boards are used as inner lining templates and installed at the outer template positions of the large-volume concrete structure; wherein, The XPS insulation board is in direct contact with the concrete to be poured. The XPS insulation board acts as a thermal insulation board to control the internal and external temperature difference of the concrete during the hardening process to prevent crack formation. Wooden formwork is set on the outside of the XPS insulation board, and the composite formwork system consisting of the wooden formwork and the XPS insulation board is supported and reinforced by reinforcing components. Concrete is poured in layers within the supported and reinforced composite formwork system to form the large-volume concrete structure.

2. The method for pouring large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of using XPS insulation board as an inner lining template and installing it at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure includes: for the radiation room wall, after the reinforcement binding is accepted, the template is erected; for the radiation room floor slab, the reinforcement is bound after the template is completed.

3. The method for constructing large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of installing XPS insulation board as an inner lining template at the outer template position of the large-volume concrete structure, the method further includes: setting a vertical construction joint in the wall at the junction of adjacent radiation room walls according to the structural design and construction conditions, and aligning the floor slab construction joint with the vertical construction joint in the wall.

4. The method for pouring large-volume radiation-proof concrete as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of installing XPS insulation boards as inner lining templates on the outer template positions of the large-volume concrete structure includes: arranging and cutting the XPS insulation boards according to the dimensions of the large-volume concrete structure; first installing the XPS insulation boards at the internal and external corners, and then installing the XPS insulation boards at other locations in sequence; drilling holes in the XPS insulation boards and installing tie bolts to tie and fix the composite template system on both sides.

5. The method for constructing large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Before the step of drilling holes and installing tie bolts on the XPS insulation board to tie and fix the composite template system on both sides, the method further includes: densely installing flywheels or pads at the corners of the composite template system and at the joints of the two XPS insulation boards.

6. The method for pouring large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of setting a wooden template on the outside of the XPS insulation board and supporting and reinforcing the composite template system composed of the wooden template and the XPS insulation board by reinforcing components includes: setting wooden squares as secondary ribs at a preset interval on the outside of the wooden template; and setting square steel pipes as main ribs on the outside of the secondary ribs for support and reinforcement.

7. The method for constructing large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in claim 6, characterized in that, After the step of setting square steel pipes as main ribs for support and reinforcement on the outside of the secondary ribs, the method further includes: erecting disc-lock steel pipe scaffolding as a support system below the XPS insulation board and the wooden formwork.

8. The method for pouring large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The step of pouring concrete in layers within the reinforced composite formwork system to form the large-volume concrete structure includes: pouring concrete in layers within the reinforced composite formwork system; installing temperature sensors within the poured concrete and monitoring the internal temperature of the concrete at a preset frequency; and forming the large-volume concrete structure when the peak temperature does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center and surface at any test location is not higher than 25°C.

9. The method for pouring large-volume radiation-shielding concrete as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Before the step of forming the large-volume concrete structure when the temperature peak does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature at any test location does not exceed 25°C, the method further includes: monitoring the state of the composite formwork system during the pouring and vibration process to prevent formwork bulging or grout leakage.

10. The method for pouring large-volume radiation-proof concrete as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After the step of forming the large-volume concrete structure when the temperature peak does not exceed 85°C for three consecutive days and the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature at any test location does not exceed 25°C, the method further includes: removing the wooden formwork, the reinforcing components, and the XPS insulation board located on the outside of the concrete structure; wherein the XPS insulation board filled in the gap between the wall and the adjacent retaining structure is retained as a permanent insulation layer.

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