Quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial planet sampling tool, quick-change method of quick-change mechanism and sampling tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial planet sampling tool and a quick-change method thereof and the sampling tool, the quick-change mechanism for the extraterrestrial planet sampling tool comprises a clamping part and a clamping part, the clamping part comprises a first sleeve and a clamping jaw, the clamping jaw is hinged to the peripheral side of the first sleeve through a torsion spring and a pin shaft, the clamping jaw is arranged in the axial direction of the first sleeve in an extending mode, and the clamping jaw is connected with the clamping part. The clamping jaw exceeds the butt joint end of the first sleeve by a preset length and serves as a clamping section. The clamping part comprises a second sleeve and a constraint nut, the outer side wall of the second sleeve comprises a connecting section, a clamping section and a guide limiting section which are arranged in a step shape, the outer diameters of the connecting section, the clamping section and the guide limiting section are sequentially reduced, a constraint groove correspondingly clamped with the clamping section is formed in the clamping section, and the guide limiting section can be inserted into the first sleeve in a matched mode; the restraining nut is in threaded connection with the connecting section and can axially move to release or radially abut against the clamping section clamped into the restraining groove. The sampling tool is not prone to clamping stagnation during quick replacement, and the requirement for quick replacement of sampling tools in the special environment of extraterrestrial planets can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace exploration technology, specifically to a quick-change mechanism, quick-change method, and sampling tool for extraterrestrial planet sampling. Background Technology

[0002] Obtaining samples such as rocks and lunar regolith from the lunar surface is of immeasurable scientific value for studying the Moon's formation, evolutionary history, resource distribution, and even the origin of the solar system. In such missions, sampling tools are one of the key subsystems determining the success or failure of the mission.

[0003] The sampling tool uses an extension rod and several sampling tips for lunar surface sampling. The extension rod and sampling tips are quickly assembled using a quick-change mechanism to complete various lunar surface sampling tasks. By combining an extension rod and several sampling tips, it is possible to ensure that astronauts can complete lunar surface sampling tasks while wearing spacesuits, while occupying less uphill storage space and less uphill weight.

[0004] The lunar environment is characterized by extreme conditions including ultra-high vacuum, extreme temperatures, strong radiation, abrasive lunar dust, weak gravity, and prolonged darkness. In particular, the ubiquitous lunar dust can easily cause mechanical wear and jamming of moving parts, significantly impacting the reliability of lunar equipment. Therefore, a highly reliable, dust-proof, and quick-change mechanism is essential for the success rate of lunar sampling missions.

[0005] Besides the moon, other extraterrestrial planets also need to be sampled, and they face the same dilemma.

[0006] The invention patent application with publication number CN115561016A discloses a shallow-surface order-preserving sampling and recovery system for unconsolidated planetary soil, including a sampling drill, a sampling tube disc, a sampling tube disc clamping mechanism, a sampling drill moving mechanism, a robotic arm, and sampling tubes. One end of the robotic arm is fixedly installed, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sampling drill moving mechanism. The sampling drill is movably mounted on the sampling drill moving mechanism. One end of the sampling tube disc clamping mechanism is hinged to the other end of the robotic arm. There are at least two sampling tube discs. The other end of the sampling tube disc clamping mechanism is detachably connected to any one of the sampling tube discs and can rotate to be below or away from the sampling drill. Each sampling tube disc can be detachably connected to multiple sampling tubes, and the sampling drill can clamp any one of the sampling tubes and collect samples. The sampling tube reel of the sampling and recovery system is replaceable, allowing multiple reels to be carried during sampling missions. This increases the number of sampling tubes carried, ensuring a sufficient quantity to meet the flexible sampling needs at multiple locations across a large-span inspection area, and avoids designing a single sampling tube reel to be too large in order to carry more sampling tubes. The main purpose of this patent is to facilitate the replacement of the sampling tube reel. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a quick-change mechanism, quick-change method and sampling tool for extraterrestrial planet sampling.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: The present invention provides a quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial planet sampling tool, including a locking part and a locking part. The locking part includes a first sleeve and a claw. The claw is hinged to the outer periphery of the first sleeve by a torsion spring and a pin. The claw extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve. The claw extends beyond the docking end of the first sleeve by a preset length and serves as a locking section. The engaging portion includes a second sleeve and a constraint nut. The outer wall of the second sleeve includes a connecting section, an engaging section, and a guide limiting section arranged in a stepped manner with progressively decreasing outer diameters. The engaging section has a constraint groove that engages with the engaging section. The guide limiting section can be fitted into the first sleeve. The constraint nut is threaded onto the connecting section and can move axially to release or radially abut against the engaging section that is engaged in the constraint groove.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial sampling tool of the present invention uses a claw and a constraint groove to lock, and uses a constraint nut for radial contact and limiting, which has a good locking effect and is not easy to jam during quick change, and can meet the needs of quick change of sampling tools in special environments of extraterrestrial planets.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0011] Furthermore, the side of the snap-fit ​​segment facing away from the central axis of the first sleeve is a constraint surface. The constraint surface includes a first constraint segment, a ramp constraint segment, and a second constraint segment in sequence along the direction away from the docking end of the first sleeve. When the snap-fit ​​segment is snapped into the constraint groove, the distance between the first constraint segment and the central axis of the first sleeve is greater than the distance between the second constraint segment and the central axis of the first sleeve. The ramp constraint segment is connected to the first constraint segment and the second constraint segment respectively. The inner wall of the constraint nut is provided with an annular constraint ramp that corresponds to the ramp constraint section. The constraint nut forms a first annular limiting surface and a second annular limiting surface on both sides of the annular constraint ramp in the axial direction. When the snap-fit ​​section is snapped into the constraint groove, the first annular limiting surface is adapted to abut against the first constraint section.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the inner wall of the constraint nut is provided with an annular constraint ramp, which can cooperate with the ramp constraint section on the snap-fit ​​section. Even if there is lunar dust or lunar soil on the assembly surface, the lunar dust or lunar soil can be pushed away and leaked out by this stepped assembly structure with ramp, rather than being embedded or stuck.

[0013] Furthermore, a portion of the second constraint segment, the annular constraint ramp, and the slope constraint segment together form a triangular dust leakage gap.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the annular constraint ramp and the slope constraint section are not completely in contact, but form a triangular dust leakage gap, which facilitates the leakage of lunar dust or lunar soil from the gap, and then through the constraint nut and the outer wall of the first sleeve at the non-claw installation position.

[0015] Furthermore, the second annular limiting surface is adapted to abut against at least a portion of the second constraint segment.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that it further improves the stability of the assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, a snap-fit ​​protrusion is formed on one side of the snap-fit ​​section near the central axis of the first sleeve, which can be snapped into the constraint groove, and a dust leakage gap is reserved between the peripheral side of the snap-fit ​​protrusion and the side wall of the constraint groove.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the snap-fit ​​protrusion is not completely adapted to the constraint groove, and also leaves a dust leakage gap, so that lunar dust or lunar soil can be discharged from the dust leakage gap.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner sidewall of the first sleeve is formed with a guide groove and a first limiting platform, and a guide rib and a second limiting platform are formed on the guide limiting section. The guide rib is adapted to be inserted into the guide groove, and the second limiting platform is correspondingly engaged with the first limiting platform.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting the guide structure and the limiting platform structure, the axial limiting docking between the first sleeve and the second sleeve is facilitated, and rotation during the assembly process is avoided.

[0021] Furthermore, the second limiting platform and the constraint groove are arranged axially correspondingly. The connection between the second limiting platform and the engaging part forms an inclined guide ramp. The constraint groove and the groove sidewall corresponding to the guide ramp form an inclined exit ramp. The guide ramp, the exit ramp, and the engaging part between them form a trapezoidal limiting platform. The side of the engaging section near the central axis of the first sleeve has a engaging protrusion that can be engaged into the constraint groove. The front end face of the engaging protrusion is an guiding inclined surface that cooperates with the guide ramp, and the rear end face of the engaging protrusion is an exit inclined surface that cooperates with the exit ramp.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting the inlet ramp and outlet ramp, it is convenient for the locking protrusion to slide smoothly into or out of the constraint groove.

[0023] Furthermore, the connecting section is provided with multiple hollowed-out dust leakage holes that communicate with the inner cavity of the second sleeve.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting hollow dust leakage holes, it can be combined with other dust leakage structures to avoid the accumulation and blockage of lunar dust or lunar soil.

[0025] The present invention also provides a quick-change method for the quick-change mechanism of the above-mentioned extraterrestrial sampling tool, comprising: From separation to connection: the first sleeve of the locking part is fitted onto the guide limiting section of the second sleeve, while the locking section of the claw abuts against the locking section and opens under the squeezing action of the locking section. The torsion spring stores force and, when the locking section moves to the position of the constraint groove, locks the locking section into the constraint groove. The constraint nut is rotated axially and moves to cover and radially abut against the locking section, thus connecting the locking part and the locking part. The engagement and locking parts are connected and separated as follows: the axial movement of the rotating constraint nut releases the abutting engagement segment, causing the first sleeve to move axially, causing the jaws to open automatically or by force, and the engagement segment of the jaws to disengage from the constraint groove of the second sleeve, thus separating the engagement and locking parts.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the quick-change method of the present invention can realize the quick disassembly and assembly between the snap-fit ​​part and the snap-fit ​​part, which can meet the special environmental application needs of extraterrestrial planets.

[0027] The present invention also provides a sampling tool, including a quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial planet sampling tool as described above, and further including an operating lever and a tool body, wherein one of the locking part and the engaging part is fixedly connected to one end of the operating lever, and the other is fixedly connected to the connecting rod of the tool body.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the sampling tool of the present invention can quickly change the tool body using the quick-change mechanism of the above-mentioned extraterrestrial planet sampling tool, which can meet the quick change requirements of the extraterrestrial planet sampling tool. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined snap-fit ​​portion and the engaging portion of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separate structure of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part after they are combined. Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of section E; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the connection process of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the connection process of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the connection process of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the connection process of the snap-fit ​​part and the engaging part of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the sampling tool of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled sampling tool of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the engaging part of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second sleeve of the present invention; Figure 18This is a cross-sectional view of the constraint nut of the present invention.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 100. Snap-fit ​​part; 101. First sleeve; 102. Claw; 104. Pin; 105. Snap-fit ​​section; 106. Butt joint end; 107. First constraint section; 108. Slope constraint section; 109. Second constraint section; 110. Guide groove; 111. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 112. Guide ramp; 113. Guide ramp; 114. Torsion spring; 200. Engaging part; 201. Second sleeve; 202. Constraint nut; 203. Connecting section; 204. Engaging section; 205. Guide limiting section; 206. Constraint groove; 207. Annular constraint ramp; 208. First annular limiting surface; 209. Second annular limiting surface; 210. Triangular dust leakage gap; 211. Dust leakage interval; 212. Guide rib; 213. Second limiting platform; 214. Inlet ramp; 215. Outlet ramp; 216. Trapezoidal limiting platform; 217. Hollowed-out dust leakage hole; 300. Control lever; 400. Tool body; 401. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1 like Figures 1-18 As shown, a quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial planet sampling tool in this embodiment includes a locking part 100 and a locking part 200. The locking part 100 includes a first sleeve 101 and a claw 102. The claw 102 is hinged to the outer periphery of the first sleeve 101 by a torsion spring 114 and a pin 104. The claw 102 extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve 101 and extends beyond the docking end 106 of the first sleeve 101 by a predetermined length, serving as a locking section 105. The engaging portion 200 includes a second sleeve 201 and a constraint nut 202. The outer wall of the second sleeve 201 includes a connecting section 203, an engaging section 204, and a guide limiting section 205 arranged in a stepped manner with progressively decreasing outer diameters. The engaging section 204 has a constraint groove 206 that engages with the engaging section 105. The guide limiting section 205 can be fitted into the first sleeve 101. The constraint nut 202 is threaded onto the connecting section 203 and can move axially to release or radially abut against the engaging section 105 that is engaged in the constraint groove 206. A large gap can be left at the threaded connection between the constraint nut 202 and the connecting section 203 to allow dust leakage.

[0033] Specifically, the constraint nut 202 in this embodiment can be provided with knurled grooves for easy hand-held rotation. The constraint nut can be double-threaded for easy quick separation and installation by astronauts. The combination of torsion spring and claw allows astronauts to directly insert (claw engages with constraint groove) and pull out (claw disengages from constraint groove). When necessary, astronauts can use an auxiliary pressing platform, with the auxiliary pressing platform and locking section of the claw located on both sides of the pin, to separate the quick-change end.

[0034] In this embodiment, in its natural state, the locking segment 105 of the claw 102 is inclined towards the axis of the first sleeve 101 under the action of the torsion spring, so as to facilitate subsequent constraint and positioning with the constraint groove 206. The torsion spring is configured to cooperate with the claw 102 and the pin 104 to store force. The bottom of the constraint groove 206 is a circumferentially continuous planar structure.

[0035] This embodiment provides a quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial sampling tool. It utilizes a chuck and a constraint groove for locking, and a constraint nut for radial contact and limiting. The locking effect is good, and it is not easy to get stuck during quick changes, which can meet the needs of rapid tool replacement in the special environment of extraterrestrial planets.

[0036] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a preferred mating structure between the snap-fit ​​section 105 and the constraint nut 202. For example... Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the side of the snap-fit ​​section 105 facing away from the central axis of the first sleeve 101 is a constraint surface. The constraint surface, along the direction away from the mating end of the first sleeve 101, sequentially includes a first constraint section 107, a ramp constraint section 108, and a second constraint section 109. When the snap-fit ​​section 105 is engaged in the constraint groove 206, the distance between the first constraint section 107 and the central axis of the first sleeve 101 is greater than the distance between the second constraint section 109 and the central axis of the first sleeve 101. The ramp constraint section 108 is connected to the first constraint section 107 and the second constraint section 109 respectively. The inner wall of the constraint nut 202 is provided with an annular constraint ramp 207 that corresponds to and cooperates with the ramp constraint section 108. The constraint nut 202 forms a first annular limiting surface 208 and a second annular limiting surface 209 on both sides of the annular constraint ramp 207 in the axial direction. When the snap-fit ​​section 105 is snapped into the constraint groove 206, the first annular limiting surface 208 is adapted to and abuts against the first constraint section 107. The annular constraint ramp on the inner wall of the constraint nut can cooperate with the ramp constraint section on the snap-fit ​​section. Even if there is lunar dust or lunar soil on the assembly surface, the lunar dust or lunar soil can be pushed away and leaked out by this stepped assembly structure of the ramp, rather than being embedded or stuck.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a portion of the second constraint segment 109, the annular constraint ramp 207, and the ramp constraint segment 108 together form a triangular dust-leaking gap 210. The annular constraint ramp and the ramp constraint segment are not completely in contact, but rather form a triangular dust-leaking gap, which facilitates the leakage of lunar dust or lunar soil from the gap, and then through the space between the constraint nut and the outer wall of the first sleeve at the non-claw mounting position.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, at least a portion of the second annular limiting surface 209 is adapted to and abuts against the second constraint segment 109, further improving the stability of the assembly.

[0039] The quick-change mechanism in this embodiment has large gaps between each part. Instead of the traditional dustproof structure, it adopts a dust-leaking structure, which allows lunar soil or dust to exist without affecting the function and can discharge any incoming lunar soil or dust.

[0040] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​section 105 has a snap-fit ​​protrusion 111 on one side near the central axis of the first sleeve 101, which can snap into the constraint groove 206. A dust-leakage gap 211 is reserved between the peripheral side of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 111 and the side wall of the constraint groove 206. The snap-fit ​​protrusion is not completely adapted to the constraint groove, and a dust-leakage gap is also left so that lunar dust or lunar soil can be discharged from the dust-leakage gap.

[0041] Example 4 Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred fit between the first sleeve 101 and the second sleeve 201. For example... Figure 2 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the first sleeve 101 has a guide groove 110 and a first limiting platform. The guide limiting section 205 has a guide rib 212 and a second limiting platform 213. The guide rib 212 is adapted to be inserted into the guide groove 110, and the second limiting platform 213 corresponds to and cooperates with the first limiting platform. By setting the guide structure and the limiting platform structure, axial limiting and docking between the first sleeve and the second sleeve is facilitated, preventing rotation during assembly.

[0042] like Figure 17As shown, in this embodiment, the second limiting platform 213 and the constraint groove 206 are arranged axially correspondingly. An inclined guide ramp 214 is formed at the connection between the second limiting platform 213 and the engaging portion 200. An inclined exit ramp 215 is formed between the constraint groove 206 and the corresponding sidewall of the guide ramp 214. The guide ramp 214, the exit ramp 215, and the engaging portion 200 between them form a trapezoidal limiting platform 216. A snap-fit ​​protrusion 111 is formed on one side of the snap-fit ​​section 105 near the central axis of the first sleeve 101, capable of snapping into the constraint groove 206. The front end face of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 111 is an guide inclined surface 112 that mates with the guide ramp 214, and the rear end face of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 111 is an exit inclined surface 113 that mates with the exit ramp 215. By providing the guide ramp and the exit ramp, the snap-fit ​​protrusion can easily slide into or out of the constraint groove.

[0043] In this embodiment, by setting an inlet ramp, an inlet channel, an outlet ramp, and an outlet channel, the various structures cooperate with each other during the quick change process, making it easier for lunar soil or lunar dust to be pushed away rather than embedded or stuck, allowing the incoming lunar dust or lunar soil to leak out, and leaving large gaps in other moving structures to allow lunar soil or lunar dust to exist without affecting the function.

[0044] Example 5 like Figure 17 As shown, the connecting section 203 in this embodiment has multiple perforated dust-leaking holes 217 that communicate with the inner cavity of the second sleeve 201. The perforated dust-leaking holes 217 can be arranged in one or more circles around the circumference. By setting the perforated dust-leaking holes, it can cooperate with other dust-leaking structures to avoid the accumulation and blockage of lunar dust or lunar soil.

[0045] Example 6 This embodiment provides a quick-change method for the quick-change mechanism of any of the above embodiments of extraterrestrial planet sampling tools, including: From separation to connection: the first sleeve 101 of the locking part 100 is fitted onto the guide limiting section 205 of the second sleeve 201, while the locking section 105 of the claw 102 abuts against the locking section 204 and opens under the squeezing action of the locking section 204. The torsion spring stores force and, when the locking section 105 moves to the position of the constraint groove 206, locks the locking section into the constraint groove 206. The constraint nut 202 is rotated axially and moves to block and radially abut against the locking section 105, thus connecting the locking part 100 and the locking part 200. The engagement portion 100 and the locking portion 200 are connected and separated as follows: the rotating constraint nut 202 moves axially and releases the abutted engagement segment 105, causing the first sleeve 101 to move axially, causing the claw 102 to open automatically or by force, and the engagement segment 105 of the claw 102 to disengage from the constraint groove 206 of the second sleeve 201, thus separating the engagement portion 100 and the locking portion 200.

[0046] The quick-change method in this embodiment enables rapid disassembly and assembly between the snap-fit ​​part and the snap-fit ​​part, meeting the special environmental application needs of extraterrestrial planets.

[0047] Example 7 This embodiment provides a sampling tool, including a quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial sampling tools as described above, an operating lever 300, and a tool body 400. One of the locking part 100 and the engaging part 200 is fixedly connected to one end of the operating lever 300, and the other is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 401 of the tool body 400. The connecting rod 401 can serve as a handheld grip. This sampling tool, by providing the aforementioned locking and engaging parts, allows for quick installation and disassembly of the operating lever and the tool body, and possesses highly reliable dustproof capabilities, maximizing the success rate of lunar surface sampling missions.

[0048] The sampling tool in this embodiment can quickly change the tool body using the quick-change mechanism described above for extraterrestrial planet sampling tools, thus meeting the need for rapid replacement of extraterrestrial planet sampling tools.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial planet sampling tools, characterized in that, It includes a snap-fit ​​part and a snap-fit ​​part. The snap-fit ​​part includes a first sleeve and a pawl. The pawl is hinged to the outer periphery of the first sleeve by a torsion spring and a pin. The pawl extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve and extends beyond the mating end of the first sleeve by a predetermined length and serves as a snap-fit ​​section. The engaging portion includes a second sleeve and a constraint nut. The outer wall of the second sleeve includes a connecting section, an engaging section, and a guide limiting section arranged in a stepped manner with progressively decreasing outer diameters. The engaging section has a constraint groove that engages with the engaging section. The guide limiting section can be fitted into the first sleeve. The constraint nut is threaded onto the connecting section and can move axially to release or radially abut against the engaging section that is engaged in the constraint groove.

2. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial sampling tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the snap-fit ​​section facing away from the central axis of the first sleeve is a constraint surface. The constraint surface includes a first constraint section, a ramp constraint section and a second constraint section in sequence along the direction away from the docking end of the first sleeve. When the snap-fit ​​section is snapped into the constraint groove, the distance between the first constraint section and the central axis of the first sleeve is greater than the distance between the second constraint section and the central axis of the first sleeve. The ramp constraint section is connected to the first constraint section and the second constraint section respectively. The inner wall of the constraint nut is provided with an annular constraint ramp that corresponds to the ramp constraint section. The constraint nut forms a first annular limiting surface and a second annular limiting surface on both sides of the annular constraint ramp in the axial direction. When the snap-fit ​​section is snapped into the constraint groove, the first annular limiting surface is adapted to abut against the first constraint section.

3. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial planet sampling tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, A portion of the second constraint section, the annular constraint ramp, and the slope constraint section together form a triangular dust leakage gap.

4. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial planet sampling tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second annular limiting surface is adapted to abut against at least a portion of the second constraint segment.

5. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial planet sampling tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​section has a snap-fit ​​protrusion on one side near the central axis of the first sleeve, which can be snapped into the constraint groove. A dust-leakage gap is reserved between the peripheral side of the snap-fit ​​protrusion and the side wall of the constraint groove.

6. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial sampling tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sidewall of the first sleeve has a guide groove and a first limiting platform. The guide limiting section has a guide rib and a second limiting platform. The guide rib is adapted to be inserted into the guide groove, and the second limiting platform is correspondingly engaged with the first limiting platform.

7. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial sampling tools according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second limiting platform and the constraint groove are arranged axially correspondingly. The connection between the second limiting platform and the engaging part forms an inclined guide ramp. The constraint groove and the groove sidewall corresponding to the guide ramp form an inclined exit ramp. The guide ramp, the exit ramp, and the engaging part between them form a trapezoidal limiting platform. The side of the engaging section near the central axis of the first sleeve has a engaging protrusion that can be engaged into the constraint groove. The front end face of the engaging protrusion is an guiding inclined surface that cooperates with the guide ramp, and the rear end face of the engaging protrusion is an exit inclined surface that cooperates with the exit ramp.

8. The quick-change mechanism for extraterrestrial sampling tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting section has multiple hollowed-out dust-leaking holes that communicate with the inner cavity of the second sleeve.

9. A quick-change method for the quick-change mechanism of the extraterrestrial sampling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: From separation to connection: the first sleeve of the locking part is fitted onto the guide limiting section of the second sleeve, while the locking section of the claw abuts against the locking section and opens under the squeezing action of the locking section. The torsion spring stores force and, when the locking section moves to the position of the constraint groove, locks the locking section into the constraint groove. The constraint nut is rotated axially and moves to cover and radially abut against the locking section, thus connecting the locking part and the locking part. The engagement and locking parts are connected and separated as follows: the axial movement of the rotating constraint nut releases the abutting engagement segment, causing the first sleeve to move axially, causing the jaws to open automatically or by force, and the engagement segment of the jaws to disengage from the constraint groove of the second sleeve, thus separating the engagement and locking parts.

10. A sampling tool, characterized in that, The tool includes a quick-change mechanism for an extraterrestrial planet sampling tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and further includes an operating lever and a tool body, wherein one of the locking portion and the engaging portion is fixedly connected to one end of the operating lever, and the other is fixedly connected to a connecting rod of the tool body.

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