Corn cleaning device with differentiated screening strength

Abstract

The invention provides a corn cleaning device with differentiated screening strength, which belongs to the field of corn harvesting machinery and comprises an upper screen box, a shaking plate, a lower screen box, a crank-link mechanism and a centrifugal fan. The centrifugal fan is fixedly connected with the harvester, the shaking plate is arranged above the centrifugal fan, one end of the shaking plate corresponds to a discharging port of the threshing device, the other end of the shaking plate is provided with an upper screen box, a lower screen box is arranged below the upper screen box, and the sides, away from the centrifugal fan, of the upper screen box and the lower screen box are in swing connection with the harvester through connecting rods. According to the device, the screening strength of impurity particles such as spike stalks and stalks in a corn cleaning material mixture on the screen can be improved, rapid discharge of the impurity particles is promoted, the effect of separating the impurity particles from corn kernels is improved, and the screening efficiency is improved. Rapid separation of impurity particles and corn kernels can be achieved, and the cleaning performance of a corn cleaning material mixture is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of corn harvesting machinery, and specifically relates to a corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity. Background Technology

[0002] As China's largest staple crop, corn ranks first in both planting area and total production. Mechanized direct harvesting of corn kernels can complete the processes of ear picking, threshing, cleaning, and collection in one go, which can significantly improve the efficiency of corn production and harvesting. This plays an important role in implementing the strategy of saving grain and reducing losses, and promoting the stable and orderly development of the corn industry.

[0003] Cleaning is a crucial step in the direct harvesting of corn kernels, and its performance directly determines the impurity content and loss rate of the harvested corn kernels, thus affecting the overall quality of the harvest. Currently, high impurity and loss rates caused by corn cleaning have become key bottlenecks restricting the quality of corn harvest. During the cleaning process, the corn cleaning material mixture is separated from the corn kernels with higher floating speeds by the coupling effect of the airflow from the blower and the vibration of the vibrating screen. This achieves separation and cleaning of corn kernels from impurities, resulting in clean corn kernels. When the feed rate increases during harvesting, a larger amount of the corn cleaning material mixture falls from the vibrating plate of the cleaning device, accumulating at the front end of the upper vibrating screen. The accumulated impurities in the mixture restrict the passage of corn kernels through the screen, thus reducing the cleaning quality of the corn kernels. Therefore, driven by the demand of large-scale production, developing a new type of cleaning device that can efficiently separate corn kernels from the corn cleaning material mixture and promote the rapid separation of impurity particles is of great significance for reducing the impurity content and loss rate of corn kernels and improving the quality of corn harvest. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity. This device can achieve efficient separation of corn kernels and impurity particles through the variable inclination feature of the enhanced cleaning screen with equilateral square hole structure, promote the rapid discharge of impurity particles, and thus solve the problems of high impurity content and high loss rate of corn kernels in the existing cleaning process, effectively improving the quality of corn harvesting operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity includes an upper screen box, a shaking plate, a lower screen box, a crank-connecting rod mechanism, and a centrifugal fan. The centrifugal fan is fixedly connected to a harvester. The shaking plate is positioned above the centrifugal fan, with one end of the shaking plate corresponding to the discharge port of the threshing device. The other end of the shaking plate is equipped with the upper screen box, and the lower screen box is positioned below the upper screen box. The upper and lower screen boxes are connected to the side of the centrifugal fan via the crank-connecting rod mechanism, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper and lower screen boxes. The sides of the upper and lower screen boxes away from the centrifugal fan are respectively connected to the harvester via connecting rods. The power source for both the crank-connecting rod mechanism and the centrifugal fan comes from the harvester. The harvester drives the crank to rotate, and the reciprocating simple harmonic motion of the upper and lower screen boxes is realized through the crank-connecting rod mechanism. The bottom of the lower screen box corresponds to the grain collection device of the harvester. The upper screen box includes upper double-sided baffles, an upper vibrating screen, a tail screen, and an upper screen box support. The upper double-sided baffles are symmetrically arranged. The upper vibrating screen is fixedly arranged between the upper double-sided baffles. The tail screen is inclinedly arranged between the upper double-sided baffles and located at the rear of the upper vibrating screen. The upper screen box support is fixed to the front end of the upper double-sided baffles. The upper screen box support is rotatably connected to a crank-connecting rod mechanism. Several variable inclination feature units are provided on the upper vibrating screen.

[0006] The upper vibrating screen includes several variable inclination feature units, an upper fixed plate, a lower fixed plate, and cylindrical pins. The upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable inclination feature units. The variable inclination feature units are evenly arranged on the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate through cylindrical pins. The variable inclination feature unit includes an upper parallel section, a middle section, and a lower parallel section. Equilateral square holes are evenly distributed on the middle section. The upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are fixedly connected to the upper parallel section and the lower parallel section through cylindrical pins, respectively. The upper parallel segment and the middle segment of the variable slope feature unit are parallel to each other, and the slope of the middle segment is less than that of the upper parallel segment and the middle segment. The structure of the tail screen is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen.

[0007] Furthermore, the shaking plate includes guide strips and a housing. The guide strips are evenly arranged above the housing and are serrated. They are fixed to the housing by welding. The surface of the housing is stepped and its direction is consistent with the flow direction of the corn cleaning material mixture.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower screen box includes a lower vibrating screen, lower double-sided baffles, and a lower screen box support. The lower double-sided baffles are symmetrically arranged, the lower vibrating screen is fixedly arranged between the lower double-sided baffles, and the lower screen box support is fixed to the front end of the lower double-sided baffles. The lower screen box support is rotatably connected to the crank connecting rod mechanism. The structure of the lower vibrating screen is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen.

[0009] Furthermore, the crank-connecting rod mechanism includes a crank, a connecting rod, and a rocker arm. The crank is connected to the output shaft of the transmission sprocket. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the crank through a bearing, and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm. The rocker arm has three hinge points: the top end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, the middle of the rocker arm is hinged to the upper screen box support, and the bottom end of the rocker arm is hinged to the lower screen box support.

[0010] Furthermore, the centrifugal fan includes a drive pulley, a fan housing, spokes, a turbofan, and a fan shaft. The turbofan is fixed to the fan shaft via the spokes, and the fan shaft is rotatably mounted inside the fan housing via bearings. The drive pulley is located at one end of the fan shaft, and the fan housing is fixedly connected to the harvester.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This device uses a variable-inclination screen plate with an equilateral square hole structure. This structure is designed to enhance the screening area. The variable inclination design can enhance the throwing intensity of impurity particles moving into this area, thereby increasing the screening intensity of impurity particles such as cobs and stalks in the corn cleaning material mixture on the screen. This promotes the rapid discharge of impurity particles and increases their separation from corn kernels, thus increasing the screening intensity. Conversely, corn kernels pass through the equilateral square hole structure at this location, which increases the separation efficiency between corn kernels and impurity particles, promotes the rapid discharge of impurity particles, and improves the cleaning quality of corn kernels.

[0012] 2. The variable-inclination screen plate with equilateral square hole structure in this device adopts a parallel structure design in its upper and lower sections, which improves the guiding characteristics of the screen plate for airflow. It can enhance the airflow velocity of the airflow blown by the centrifugal fan in the vertical direction on the screen, increase the airflow velocity near the screen surface of the vibrating screen, and further increase the dispersion ability of the airflow on the corn cleaning material mixture, thereby improving the operating efficiency of corn kernel cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To further clarify the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. The accompanying drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort, and all such drawings fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating screen of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable slope feature unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper sieve box of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaking plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower sieve box of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the crank-connecting rod mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal fan structure of the present invention.

[0014] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Upper screen box; 11. Upper double-sided baffle; 12. Upper vibrating screen; 13. Tail screen; 14. Upper screen box support; 121. Variable inclination characteristic unit; 1211. Upper parallel section; 1212. Middle section; 1213. Lower parallel section; 122. Upper fixed plate; 123. Lower fixed plate; 124. Cylindrical pin; 2. Vibrating plate; 21. Guide bar; 22. Shell; 3. Lower screen box; 31. Lower vibrating screen; 32. Lower double-sided baffle; 33. Lower screen box support; 4. Crank-connecting rod mechanism; 41. Crank; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Swing rod; 5. Centrifugal fan; 51. Transmission pulley; 52. Fan shell; 53. Spoke; 54. Turbofan; 55. Fan shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity includes an upper screen box 1, a shaking plate 2, a lower screen box 3, a crank-connecting rod mechanism 4, and a centrifugal fan 5. The centrifugal fan 5 is fixedly connected to the harvester. The shaking plate 2 is set above the centrifugal fan 5, with one end of the shaking plate 2 corresponding to the discharge port of the threshing device. The other end of the shaking plate 2 is set with the upper screen box 1, and the lower screen box 3 is set below the upper screen box 1. The sides of the upper screen box 1 and the lower screen box 3 closest to the centrifugal fan 5 are connected by the crank-connecting rod mechanism 4. The crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper screen box 1 and the lower screen box 3. The sides of the upper screen box 1 and the lower screen box 3 furthest from the centrifugal fan 5 are respectively connected to the harvester by connecting rods. The power source of both the crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 and the centrifugal fan 5 comes from the harvester. The harvester drives the crank 41 to rotate, and the reciprocating simple harmonic motion of the upper screen box 1 and the lower screen box 3 is realized through the crank-connecting rod mechanism 4. The bottom of the lower screen box 3 corresponds to the grain collection device of the harvester. The upper screen box 1 includes upper double-sided baffles 11, an upper vibrating screen 12, a tail screen 13, and an upper screen box support 14. The upper double-sided baffles 11 are symmetrically arranged. The upper vibrating screen 12 is fixedly arranged between the upper double-sided baffles 11. The tail screen 13 is inclinedly arranged between the upper double-sided baffles 11 and located at the rear of the upper vibrating screen 12. The upper screen box support 14 is fixed to the front end of the upper double-sided baffles 11 and is rotatably connected to the crank connecting rod mechanism 4. Several variable inclination feature units 121 are provided on the upper vibrating screen 12.

[0017] The upper vibrating screen 12 includes several variable inclination feature units 121, an upper fixed plate 122, a lower fixed plate 123, and cylindrical pins 124. The upper fixed plate 122 and the lower fixed plate 123 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable inclination feature unit 121. The variable inclination feature unit 121 is evenly arranged on the upper fixed plate 122 and the lower fixed plate 123 through cylindrical pins 124. The variable inclination feature unit 121 includes an upper parallel section 1211, a middle section 1212, and a lower parallel section 1213. The middle section 1212 is evenly distributed with equilateral square holes. The upper fixed plate 122 and the lower fixed plate 123 are fixedly connected to the upper parallel section 1211 and the lower parallel section 1213 through cylindrical pins 124, respectively. The upper parallel segment 1211 and the middle segment 1212 of the variable slope feature unit 121 are parallel to each other, and the slope of the middle segment 1212 is less than that of the upper parallel segment 1211 and the middle segment 1212. The structure of the tail screen 13 is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen 12.

[0018] The corn cleaning mixture is discharged from the threshing device of the harvester onto the vibrating plate 2. Under the vibration of the vibrating plate 2, the corn cleaning mixture enters the upper screen box 1. The upper screen box 1 and the lower screen box 3 reciprocate simple harmonic motion under the drive of the crank connecting rod mechanism 4. During the oscillation process, the corn cleaning mixture is thrown and screened. The corn cleaning mixture slides down from the upper parallel section 1211. Since the slope of the middle section 1212 is smaller than that of the upper parallel section, it can increase the throwing of large-sized impurity particles. Small corn kernels, with their shaped and sized features, fall through the equilateral square hole structure of the middle section 1212 into the lower screen box 3. The middle section enhances the screening of impurity particles, achieving efficient separation of corn kernels from impurities, accelerating the discharge of impurity particles, improving the cleanliness and loss rate of corn kernels, and thus enhancing the cleaning performance of corn kernels. During the process of corn kernels falling into the lower screen box 3, the centrifugal fan 5 performs air separation to further remove small particle impurities, and the lower screen box 3 further screens them.

[0019] The shaking plate 2 includes a guide strip 21 and a housing 22. The guide strip 21 is evenly arranged above the housing 22 and is serrated. It is fixed above the housing 22 by welding. The surface of the housing 22 is stepped and its direction is consistent with the flow direction of the corn cleaning material mixture.

[0020] The lower screen box 3 includes a lower vibrating screen 31, lower double-sided baffles 32, and a lower screen box support 33. The lower double-sided baffles 32 are symmetrically arranged, and the lower vibrating screen 31 is fixedly arranged between the lower double-sided baffles 32. The lower screen box support 33 is fixed to the front end of the lower double-sided baffles 32 and is rotatably connected to the crank connecting rod mechanism 4. The structure of the lower vibrating screen 31 is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen 12.

[0021] The structure of the lower vibrating screen 31 is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen 12. It can further screen the corn cleaning material mixture screened by the upper vibrating screen 12, enhance the rapid discharge of impurity particles, improve the cleaning rate and loss rate of corn kernels, and thus improve the cleaning performance of corn kernels. The crank-connecting rod mechanism 4 includes a crank 41, a connecting rod 42, and a rocker arm 43. The crank 41 is connected to the output shaft of the transmission sprocket. One end of the connecting rod 42 is rotatably connected to the crank 41 through a bearing, and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm 43. The rocker arm 43 has three hinge points: the top end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 42, the middle of the rocker arm 43 is hinged to the upper screen box support 14, and the bottom end of the rocker arm 43 is hinged to the lower screen box support 33.

[0022] Driven by an external power source, crank 41 drives swing arm 43 to swing back and forth via connecting rod 42, which in turn drives the upper screen box 1 and lower screen box 3, which are hinged to it, to swing, providing throwing force for the upper screen box 1 and lower screen box 3 to throw the corn cleaning material mixture.

[0023] The centrifugal fan 5 includes a drive pulley 51, a fan housing 52, spokes 53, a turbo fan 54, and a fan shaft 55. The turbo fan 54 is fixed to the fan shaft 55 through the spokes 53. The fan shaft 55 is rotatably mounted inside the fan housing 52 through bearings. The drive pulley 51 is located at one end of the fan shaft 55. The fan housing 52 is fixedly connected to the harvester.

[0024] The transmission pulley 51 is connected to an external power source via a transmission belt. The power source inputs power to the fan shaft 55 via the transmission pulley 51. The fan shaft 55 drives the turbine fan 54 to rotate via the spokes 53 to generate wind power, which can further remove small particulate impurities.

[0025] The above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity, characterized in that: The system includes an upper screen box (1), a vibrating plate (2), a lower screen box (3), a crank-connecting rod mechanism (4), and a centrifugal fan (5). The centrifugal fan (5) is fixedly connected to the harvester. The vibrating plate (2) is positioned above the centrifugal fan (5). One end of the vibrating plate (2) corresponds to the discharge port of the threshing device, and the other end of the vibrating plate (2) is equipped with the upper screen box (1). The lower screen box (3) is positioned below the upper screen box (1). The upper screen box (1) and the lower screen box (3) are connected near the centrifugal fan (5) by the crank-connecting rod mechanism (4). Next, the crank-connecting rod mechanism (4) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper screen box (1) and the lower screen box (3). The side of the upper screen box (1) and the lower screen box (3) away from the centrifugal fan (5) is connected to the harvester by a connecting rod. The power source of the crank-connecting rod mechanism (4) and the centrifugal fan (5) both come from the harvester. The harvester drives the crank (41) to rotate. The crank-connecting rod mechanism is used to realize the reciprocating simple harmonic motion of the upper screen box (1) and the lower screen box (3). The bottom of the lower screen box (3) corresponds to the grain collection device of the harvester. The upper screen box (1) includes upper double-sided baffles (11), upper vibrating screen (12), tail screen (13) and upper screen box support (14). The upper double-sided baffles (11) are symmetrically arranged. The upper vibrating screen (12) is fixedly arranged between the upper double-sided baffles (11). The tail screen (13) is inclinedly arranged between the upper double-sided baffles (11) and located at the rear of the upper vibrating screen (12). The upper screen box support (14) is fixed to the front end of the upper double-sided baffles (11). The upper screen box support (14) is rotatably connected to the crank connecting rod mechanism (4). Several variable inclination feature units (121) are provided on the upper vibrating screen (12).

2. The corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper vibrating screen (12) includes several variable inclination feature units (121), an upper fixed plate (122), a lower fixed plate (123), and cylindrical pins (124). The upper fixed plate (122) and the lower fixed plate (123) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the variable inclination feature unit (121). The variable inclination feature unit (121) is evenly arranged on the upper fixed plate (122) and the lower fixed plate (123) through cylindrical pins (124). The variable inclination feature unit (121) includes an upper parallel section (1211), a middle section (1212), and a lower parallel section (1213). The middle section (1212) is evenly distributed with equilateral square holes. The upper fixed plate (122) and the lower fixed plate (123) are fixedly connected to the upper parallel section (1211) and the lower parallel section (1213) through cylindrical pins (124), respectively. The upper parallel segment (1211) and the middle segment (1212) of the variable slope feature unit (121) are parallel to each other, and the slope of the middle segment (1212) is less than that of the upper parallel segment (1211) and the middle segment (1212). The structure of the tail screen (13) is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen (12).

3. The corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaking plate (2) includes a guide strip (21) and a shell (22). The guide strip (21) is evenly arranged above the shell (22). The guide strip (21) is serrated and fixed above the shell (22) by welding. The surface of the shell (22) is stepped and its direction is consistent with the flow direction of the corn cleaning material mixture.

4. The corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower screen box (3) includes a lower vibrating screen (31), lower double-sided baffles (32) and a lower screen box support (33). The lower double-sided baffles (32) are symmetrically arranged. The lower vibrating screen (31) is fixedly arranged between the lower double-sided baffles (32). The lower screen box support (33) is fixed at the front end of the lower double-sided baffles (32). The lower screen box support (33) is rotatably connected to the crank connecting rod mechanism (4). The structure of the lower vibrating screen (31) is the same as that of the upper vibrating screen (12).

5. The corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crank-connecting rod mechanism (4) includes a crank (41), a connecting rod (42) and a rocker arm (43). The crank (41) is connected to the output shaft of the transmission sprocket. One end of the connecting rod (42) is rotatably connected to the crank (41) through a bearing, and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm (43). The rocker arm (43) has three hinge points: the top end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (42), the middle part of the rocker arm (43) is hinged to the upper screen box support (14), and the bottom end of the rocker arm (43) is hinged to the lower screen box support (33).

6. The corn cleaning device with differentiated screening intensity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centrifugal fan (5) includes a drive pulley (51), a fan housing (52), spokes (53), a turbofan (54), and a fan shaft (55). The turbofan (54) is fixed to the fan shaft (55) through the spokes (53). The fan shaft (55) is rotatably mounted inside the fan housing (52) through bearings. The drive pulley (51) is located at one end of the fan shaft (55). The fan housing (52) is fixedly connected to the harvester.

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