Rural distributed medicament-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rural distributed medicament-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system, which belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and comprises an electrochemical electrolysis module used for applying a pulse-type asymmetric voltage to inlet water to generate an electrolysis mixed water body; the catalytic oxidation filtering module is used for guiding the electrolyzed mixed water body to enter a filtering bed layer to generate a deeply purified water body; the self-cleaning regeneration module is used for monitoring the resistance parameter of the water flow flowing through the filter bed layer, generating a self-cleaning trigger signal and switching the working mode of the filter bed layer when the resistance parameter exceeds a trigger threshold value, and performing gas scrubbing on the filter bed layer by utilizing the electrolyzed mixed water body to generate a regenerated filter bed layer; and the intelligent regulation and control module is used for collecting real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body to generate a regulation instruction, and dynamically regulating the pulse voltage control signal and the trigger threshold value. Through intelligent electrochemical electrolysis, catalytic oxidation filtration, self-cleaning regeneration and intelligent regulation and control functions, rural medicament-free integrated drinking water treatment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a decentralized, chemical-free, integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system for rural areas. Background Technology

[0002] Decentralized wastewater treatment systems in rural areas are crucial infrastructure for ensuring safe drinking water for residents in remote regions. They aim to purify unstable raw water sources such as surface water and groundwater on-site into clean water that meets drinking standards. These systems typically require compact structure, simple operation, low maintenance costs, and stable treatment results to suit the economic and technological conditions and dispersed residential characteristics of rural areas. Electrochemical water treatment, as an emerging technology, shows broad application prospects in this field due to its advantages such as eliminating the need for chemical additives and ease of automation.

[0003] Among related technologies, Chinese invention patent CN112374663B discloses a system and method for treating organic wastewater using a liquid-solid fluidized bed three-dimensional electrocatalytic oxidation process. The method includes: removing suspended solids from the organic wastewater through gravity sedimentation and filtration equipment to achieve wastewater pre-purification; achieving thorough mixing of the catalyst and organic wastewater through aeration treatment and effectively utilizing the catalytic components in the electrolytic gas; achieving efficient decomposition of organic matter in the wastewater through plate-and-frame electrolysis coupled with fluidized bed three-dimensional electrolysis; and adjusting the acidity and alkalinity of the water by adding reagents to achieve compliant discharge. The use of parallel current and series water flow in the plate-and-frame electrolysis enhances water flow, improves mass transfer efficiency, and promotes the decomposition of organic matter.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have the following technical drawbacks. First, they require the addition of chemicals to adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the water to ensure treatment effectiveness. This not only increases the costs of chemical procurement, transportation, and storage but also risks secondary pollution of the effluent due to improper dosage control. Furthermore, it raises the skill requirements for operators. Second, existing technologies require gravity sedimentation and filtration to remove suspended solids before aeration, resulting in a complex process with numerous steps and large equipment. This design is more suitable for centralized wastewater treatment and is ill-suited to the dispersed living conditions, limited space, and weak infrastructure of rural areas. Third, the existing treatment process relies heavily on manual intervention and lacks online monitoring and adaptive control capabilities. Given the fluctuating quality of raw water in rural areas, the inability to adjust operating parameters in real time can lead to unstable treatment results. Additionally, the system lacks self-cleaning and regeneration functions, and the filtration and catalytic components are prone to clogging, requiring regular disassembly and maintenance by professionals, increasing the long-term maintenance burden. Fourth, existing technologies employ a plate-and-frame electrolysis coupled fluidized bed three-dimensional electrolysis structure without a dynamic power allocation strategy. When the power supply is unstable, it is difficult to guarantee the continuous operation of the core electrolysis function. In addition, the system has low tolerance to shock loads on raw water quality and quantity, and cannot respond quickly when water quality changes suddenly, which can easily lead to substandard effluent quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a decentralized, chemical-free, integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system for rural areas. Through intelligent electrochemical electrolysis, catalytic oxidation filtration, self-cleaning regeneration, and intelligent regulation functions, it achieves integrated chemical-free drinking water treatment in rural areas.

[0006] The above objectives can be achieved through the following approach: A decentralized, chemical-free, integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system for rural areas includes an electrochemical electrolysis module for applying a pulsed asymmetric voltage to the influent to generate an electrolyzed mixed water body; a catalytic oxidation filtration module for guiding the electrolyzed mixed water body into a filter bed to generate deeply purified water; a self-cleaning and regeneration module for monitoring the water flow resistance parameters passing through the filter bed, generating a self-cleaning trigger signal and switching the working mode of the filter bed when the parameters exceed a trigger threshold, using the electrolyzed mixed water body to perform air scrubbing on the filter bed to generate a regenerated filter bed; and an intelligent control module for collecting real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body to generate adjustment commands and dynamically adjust the pulse voltage control signal and trigger threshold.

[0007] Furthermore, the electrochemical electrolysis module includes: a water quality parameter acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and a power drive unit; wherein, the water quality parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time water quality parameters of the influent; the signal control unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to match and generate a pulse voltage control signal from a preset library containing multiple voltage waveforms based on the real-time water quality parameters; the power drive unit is connected to the signal control unit and is used to supply power to the electrolysis electrodes based on the pulse voltage control signal, so that the influent reacts in the electrolysis chamber to generate an electrolyzed mixed water body.

[0008] Furthermore, the catalytic oxidation filtration module includes: a three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, a membrane fine filtration unit, and a transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit; wherein, the three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit is connected to the power drive unit and is used to allow the electrolyzed mixed water to pass through the filter bed in a first flow direction, utilizing the porous conductive catalytic particles as a three-dimensional electrode to continue the oxidation reaction and retain suspended solids, generating primary purified water; the membrane fine filtration unit is connected to the three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit and is used to allow the primary purified water to pass through a fine filtration membrane assembly to remove tiny particles and microorganisms from the water, generating deeply purified water; the transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit is connected to the membrane fine filtration unit and is used to acquire the pressure difference before and after flowing through the fine filtration membrane assembly, generate membrane fouling state parameters, and use the membrane fouling state parameters to adjust the flow rate in the first flow direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the self-cleaning regeneration module includes: a parameter monitoring and triggering unit, a flow direction control unit, an air scrubbing disturbance unit, and an electrochemical regeneration unit; wherein, the parameter monitoring and triggering unit is connected to the transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit, and is used to monitor the water flow resistance parameter flowing through the filter bed, and generate a self-cleaning trigger signal when the water flow resistance parameter exceeds a preset trigger threshold; the flow direction control unit is connected to the parameter monitoring and triggering unit, and is used to switch the inlet water flow path in response to the self-cleaning trigger signal so that the water enters the filter bed in a second flow direction; the air scrubbing disturbance unit is connected to the flow direction control unit, and is used to expand and release the micro-nano bubbles accumulated in the filter bed in the second flow direction to mechanically disturb the porous conductive catalytic particles; the electrochemical regeneration unit is connected to the air scrubbing disturbance unit, and is used to apply a cleaning voltage with alternating polarity to both ends of the filter bed to generate an electrochemical cleaning effect on the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles, thereby generating a regenerated filter bed.

[0010] Furthermore, the application of the alternating polarity cleaning voltage includes: cutting off the power supply to the main electrolysis electrode in response to the self-cleaning trigger signal to generate an isolated bed circuit; connecting an independent cleaning voltage source to the isolated bed circuit to energize the porous conductive catalytic particles as a whole; and controlling the cleaning voltage source to output an alternating polarity cleaning voltage according to a preset voltage waveform for decomposing organic dirt.

[0011] Furthermore, the intelligent control module includes: a water quality monitoring data acquisition unit, a data comparison and deviation generation unit, a pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit, and a trigger threshold correction command generation unit; wherein, the water quality monitoring data acquisition unit is connected to the membrane fine filtration unit and the electrochemical regeneration unit respectively, and is used to acquire real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body; the data comparison and deviation generation unit is connected to the water quality monitoring data acquisition unit, and is used to compare the real-time water quality monitoring data with a preset target water quality range to generate a water quality deviation signal; the pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit is connected to the data comparison and deviation generation unit, and is used to generate a first adjustment command based on the water quality deviation signal to adjust the pulse frequency and amplitude of the pulse voltage control signal; the trigger threshold correction command generation unit is connected to the pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit, and statistically analyzes the historical trigger frequency of the self-cleaning trigger signal, and combines it with the changing trend of the water flow resistance parameter to generate a second adjustment command to correct the trigger threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, the system also includes: diverting a portion of the deeply purified water to generate a return stable water body; monitoring the water quality parameters of the pipeline network at the final outlet and generating a proportional control signal based on the pipeline network water quality parameters; and using the proportional control signal to adjust the flow rate of the return stable water body returning to the inlet, forming a water quality buffer protection layer at the pipeline network inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the pulsed asymmetrical voltage also includes: acquiring real-time power generation and acquiring the real-time processing load of each power-consuming unit in the system; dynamically allocating the real-time power generation according to a preset load priority list for ensuring core functions; when the real-time power generation is lower than the real-time processing load, prioritizing the power supply of the pulsed asymmetrical voltage and intermittently supplying power to low-priority loads.

[0014] Furthermore, the system also includes: performing low-intensity circulating electrolysis on the stagnant water filling the filter bed to generate activated circulating water; periodically and briefly switching to the self-cleaning regeneration mode to microscopically disturb the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles to generate an activated filter bed; monitoring the oxidation-reduction potential of the activated circulating water, and automatically switching to normal operation mode when the oxidation-reduction potential stabilizes within a preset range used to characterize the completion of activation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention achieves chemical-free operation of the water treatment process through integrated system design. The system utilizes an electrochemical method to directly convert water molecules into highly oxidizing active substances, eliminating dependence on external chemical agents at the source. This not only simplifies the operation process but also reduces the risk of secondary pollution from improper chemical transportation, storage, and dosing, thereby improving the biological safety of the effluent.

[0016] This invention boasts a high level of automation and intelligence, enabling stable operation under long-term unattended operation. Through an intelligent control module, the system adaptively adjusts the treatment intensity and maintenance cycle based on influent and effluent water quality parameters and system operating status. In particular, its online self-cleaning and regeneration function automatically monitors and restores the performance of the filter module, reducing the need for professional maintenance personnel and making it suitable for widespread application in rural areas with limited maintenance resources.

[0017] This invention features system stability and environmental adaptability. By constructing a water quality buffer layer at the system inlet and combining it with an intelligent power distribution strategy, the system can effectively resist external interference such as sudden deterioration of raw water quality and unstable power supply, ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the core purification function and guaranteeing a continuous and stable supply of standard-compliant drinking water under various complex operating conditions, demonstrating high reliability.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1This is a framework diagram of a decentralized, pesticide-free, integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system for rural areas, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rural decentralized, drug-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the self-cleaning and regeneration module of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention proposes a decentralized, chemical-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system for rural areas. Through intelligent electrochemical electrolysis, catalytic oxidation filtration, self-cleaning regeneration, and intelligent regulation functions, it realizes chemical-free integrated drinking water treatment in rural areas.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the system in this embodiment specifically includes: an electrochemical electrolysis module, a catalytic oxidation filtration module, a self-cleaning regeneration module, and an intelligent control module; wherein, S1. The electrochemical electrolysis module is used to apply a pulsed asymmetric voltage driven by a pulsed voltage control signal to the influent to perform electrolysis treatment and generate an electrolyzed mixed water containing active substances and micro-nano bubbles. Furthermore, the electrochemical electrolysis module includes: a water quality parameter acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and a power drive unit; wherein, The water quality parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time water quality parameters of the incoming water; The signal control unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to match and generate a pulse voltage control signal from a preset library containing multiple voltage waveforms based on the real-time water quality parameters. The power drive unit is connected to the signal control unit and is used to supply power to the electrolysis electrode according to the pulse voltage control signal, so that the incoming water reacts in the electrolysis chamber to generate electrolyzed mixed water.

[0026] Specifically, the water quality parameter acquisition unit performs real-time characterization of the influent water quality. This unit integrates an online multi-parameter sensor probe in the influent pipeline to continuously measure key indicators affecting electrolysis efficiency, primarily including turbidity, conductivity, and pH. These parameters are fundamental conditions for the electrolysis reaction environment; for example, conductivity is directly related to the ohmic voltage drop and current efficiency during electrolysis, while turbidity reflects the suspended solids load to be treated. The unit converts the acquired analog signals into digital real-time water quality parameters via a built-in analog-to-digital converter and transmits them to the signal control unit at a preset frequency, such as once every 10 seconds.

[0027] After receiving real-time water quality parameters, the signal control unit performs calculations to generate the optimal pulse voltage control signal. The core of this unit is a microcontroller, which internally stores a library of various voltage waveforms. This library is essentially a multidimensional lookup table or a set of control algorithms based on empirical models, establishing a mapping relationship between real-time water quality parameters and pulse voltage waveform parameters. The waveform parameters mainly include pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and the duty cycle of the positive and negative pulses. For example, when high influent conductivity and low turbidity are detected, indicating good water conductivity but a light pollution load, the unit will match a pulse voltage control signal with a lower pulse amplitude but a higher frequency to save energy and efficiently generate active substances. The control logic can be based on a comprehensive electrolysis intensity demand index. To quantify it, the calculation formula is: , in, These are dimensionless values ​​of turbidity, conductivity, and pH after normalization, obtained by dividing the real-time measurements by their benchmark values ​​in typical rural water quality. These are weighting coefficients calibrated based on extensive experimental data, used to adjust the influence of different water quality parameters on electrolysis intensity. The signal control unit uses the calculated... The value is precisely indexed from the waveform library or dynamically generated to produce the corresponding pulse voltage control signal, which is usually a low-voltage pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.

[0028] The power drive unit, acting as the actuator, amplifies the low-power pulsed voltage control signal output from the signal control unit to drive the electrolytic electrodes. This unit, typically composed of an H-bridge circuit or a MOSFET array, receives the PWM signal from the signal control unit as the gate drive signal. The unit chops and shapes the DC power supply according to the frequency, amplitude, and duty cycle of the control signal, ultimately applying a high-power pulsed asymmetric voltage between the anode and cathode in the electrolysis chamber. This asymmetry manifests in the difference in duration or amplitude between the forward oxidation pulse and the reverse cleaning pulse, aiming to extend electrode life and maintain high electrolysis efficiency. In the electrolysis chamber, under this voltage, water molecules are electrolyzed, and substances such as chloride ions in the water are converted into active substances such as hypochlorous acid, accompanied by the release of a large number of micro- and nano-sized hydrogen and oxygen bubbles, thus forming an electrolyzed mixed water body for subsequent treatment.

[0029] For example, the water quality parameter acquisition unit uses an integrated online multi-parameter sensor probe to acquire real-time data on the turbidity, conductivity, and pH of the influent. The preset typical rural water quality benchmark values ​​are turbidity 5 NTU, conductivity 300 μS / cm, and pH 7.0. When the sensor measures the current influent turbidity to be 10 NTU, conductivity 450 μS / cm, and pH 7.7, the system first converts the analog signal into a digital value using an analog-to-digital converter and calculates the normalized dimensionless value. as well as The signal control unit then retrieves the calibrated weighting coefficients. and Substitute into the formula and perform the calculation to obtain The final composite index is obtained. =1.67. Based on this calculation result, the signal control unit matches the optimal pulse frequency, amplitude, and duty cycle from the built-in multidimensional waveform library and outputs the corresponding pulse voltage control signal. Finally, the power drive unit uses a MOSFET array to amplify the signal and drive the electrolysis electrodes to react water molecules in the electrolysis chamber, generating an electrolyzed mixed water containing active substances and micro / nano bubbles.

[0030] Furthermore, the pulsed asymmetrical voltage also includes: Obtain real-time power generation and real-time processing load of each power-consuming unit in the system; The real-time power generation is dynamically allocated based on a preset load priority list used to ensure core functions; When the real-time power generation is lower than the real-time processing load, priority is given to ensuring the power supply of the pulsed asymmetrical voltage, and intermittent power supply is provided to low-priority loads.

[0031] Specifically, to obtain real-time power generation, a power monitoring module is integrated and connected to the output terminal of power supply units such as photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, or energy storage batteries. This module uses current transformers and voltage sensors to measure the output current and voltage of the power generation system in real time, calculating the instantaneous real-time power generation. Simultaneously, it will also collect real-time statistics on the instantaneous power consumption of all power-consuming units, including the main electrolysis electrode, water pump, sensors, controllers, etc., and summarize them to obtain the real-time processing load of the system. .

[0032] All electrical units are categorized according to a pre-defined load priority list to ensure core functions. This list is based on an understanding of the importance of the water treatment process. The highest priority is given to power drive units that generate pulsed asymmetrical voltages, as they directly relate to the generation of active substances and disinfection effectiveness, forming the cornerstone of water quality safety. Next are water pumps that maintain water circulation, followed by water quality monitoring sensors and controllers, while the lowest priority may be auxiliary equipment such as data displays and lighting.

[0033] The energy management unit performs dynamic power allocation, which involves real-time generation of power. With real-time processing load Comparison. When Greater than or equal to At that time, all load units were supplying power normally at full power. However, once it was detected that the real-time power generation was lower than the real-time processing load, i.e. < The system will automatically enter energy-saving operation mode. In this mode, power supply is strictly based on the load priority list. First, sufficient power is allocated to primary loads, prioritizing the stable supply of pulsed asymmetrical voltage, even if it may require appropriate reduction in amplitude or frequency. The remaining power will attempt to meet the operational needs of secondary loads. If power is still insufficient, an intermittent power supply strategy will be implemented for lower priority loads, such as tertiary and quaternary loads. For example, the sampling frequency of the water quality sensor may be reduced from once per minute to once every five minutes, or the data display screen may enter a timed wake-up sleep mode.

[0034] For example, the energy management unit acquires the output current and voltage of the power generation system in real time through the power monitoring module. At this time, the real-time power generation provided by the photovoltaic panels and energy storage batteries is measured. The power consumption is 800 watts. The instantaneous power consumption of each electrical unit within the synchronous statistical system is measured, and the real-time processing load of the main electrolysis electrode, water pump, and various sensors is determined. The power output is 1000 watts. This is because the real-time power generation is lower than the real-time processing load. < The system automatically triggers an energy-saving operation mode and dynamically allocates power according to a preset load priority list. During this process, the system prioritizes power supply to the highest-priority load, the power drive unit, to maintain the core purification function that generates pulsed asymmetrical voltage. Simultaneously, lower-priority loads such as data displays and non-critical monitoring sensors are given intermittent power or placed into sleep mode. Through this priority-driven dynamic adjustment strategy, the system can ensure that the core biosafety indicators of the water treatment system do not degrade under energy-constrained conditions, achieving continuous and effective protection of core treatment tasks in complex rural energy environments.

[0035] S2. The catalytic oxidation filtration module is used to guide the electrolyzed mixed water into a filter bed filled with porous conductive catalytic particles for filtration and catalytic oxidation to generate deeply purified water. Furthermore, the catalytic oxidation filtration module includes: a three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, a membrane fine filtration unit, and a transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit; wherein, The three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit is connected to the power drive unit and is used to make the electrolyzed mixed water flow through the filter bed in the first direction. The porous conductive catalytic particles are used as three-dimensional electrodes to continue the oxidation reaction and retain suspended solids to generate primary purified water. The membrane fine filtration unit is connected to the three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, and is used to pass the primary purified water through a fine filtration membrane assembly to remove tiny particles and microorganisms from the water and generate deeply purified water. The transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit is connected to the membrane fine filtration unit and is used to obtain the pressure difference before and after flowing through the fine filtration membrane module, generate membrane fouling state parameters, and adjust the flow rate in the first flow direction using the membrane fouling state parameters.

[0036] Specifically, the process begins in a three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit. Electrolyzed water from the electrochemical electrolysis module is pumped into a filter bed filled with porous conductive catalytic particles in a predetermined flow direction, such as top-in, bottom-out. The unit's power drive energizes these particles as a whole, making them act as three-dimensional electrodes with a high specific surface area. This structural design extends and enhances the oxidation reaction, allowing residual active substances in the electrolyzed water to undergo efficient catalytic oxidation on the particle surface, further degrading dissolved organic pollutants in the water. Simultaneously, this filter bed also acts as a deep-bed filter, physically trapping most suspended solids in the water, thus generating primary purified water.

[0037] The primary purified water enters directly into the membrane fine filtration unit connected in series. The core of this unit is a fine filtration membrane module, typically an ultrafiltration or microfiltration membrane with a pore size between 0.01 and 0.1 micrometers. The primary purified water passes through the membrane surface under pressure; this physical barrier effectively removes residual microparticles, colloids, bacteria, and some viruses from the water, ultimately producing deeply purified water that meets drinking water standards.

[0038] Throughout the filtration process, the transmembrane pressure differential monitoring and feedback unit plays a crucial role in dynamic regulation. This unit installs pressure sensors on both the inlet and outlet sides of the fine filtration membrane module to collect pressure data across the membrane in real time and calculate the transmembrane pressure differential. The transmembrane pressure differential is the most direct physical quantity characterizing the degree of membrane fouling and can be used as a parameter of membrane fouling status. Internally, this unit operates a feedback control algorithm to regulate the flow rate in the first flow direction. When the monitored transmembrane pressure differential exceeds a preset stable operating pressure differential value, it indicates that fouling has begun to accumulate on the membrane surface. At this point, the controller generates an adjustment signal to reduce the speed of the inlet pump or decrease the opening of the electric regulating valve, thereby reducing the flow rate in the first flow direction. This adjustment logic can be implemented by a proportional-integral controller, whose control output signal... It can be represented as: , in, It is the control signal output to the pump or valve. It is the baseline control quantity. It is the differential pressure deviation, which equals the preset differential pressure value minus the real-time measured differential pressure value. and These are the proportional and integral gain coefficients, determined through on-site commissioning. This feedback mechanism aims to maintain the transmembrane pressure differential at a low and stable level, such as 10 to 20 kPa, thereby maximally delaying the formation of irreversible membrane fouling and extending the effective operating life of the membrane module.

[0039] For example, the system first guides the electrolyzed mixed water generated in the pre-stage into a filter bed filled with porous conductive catalytic particles in a first flow direction. This process utilizes the porous conductive catalytic particles as three-dimensional electrodes to continue the oxidation reaction and trap suspended solids in the water, thereby generating primary purified water. Subsequently, the primary purified water enters the membrane fine filtration unit, where it passes through a fine filtration membrane module with a pore size between 0.01 and 0.1 micrometers to remove fine particles and microorganisms, producing the final, deeply purified water. To perform automated control of membrane fouling, the transmembrane differential pressure monitoring and feedback unit sets a preset differential pressure value of 15 kPa, and a reference control signal... The proportional gain coefficient is 50%. The integral gain coefficient is 2.0. The value is 0.5. When the pressure sensor measures a pressure difference of 18 kPa across the fine filter membrane module in real time, the deviation is calculated based on the definition that the deviation equals the preset pressure difference value minus the real-time measured pressure difference value. Set the integration criteria for the current stage. The cumulative value is -0.2, which is then substituted into the proportional-integral controller formula for calculation. The specific calculation process is as follows: Finally, the control signal output to the pump or valve is obtained. The result was 43.9%. This adjustment, achieved by reducing the influent pump speed to decrease the flow velocity in the first direction, successfully maintained the transmembrane pressure differential at a low level and effectively delayed the formation of irreversible membrane fouling.

[0040] S3. The self-cleaning and regeneration module is used to monitor the water flow resistance parameter flowing through the filter bed, and when the water flow resistance parameter exceeds the preset trigger threshold, it generates a self-cleaning trigger signal, uses the self-cleaning trigger signal to switch the working mode of the filter bed to the self-cleaning and regeneration mode, and uses micro-nano bubbles in the electrolyzed mixed water to perform air scrubbing on the filter bed to generate a regenerated filter bed. Furthermore, the self-cleaning and regeneration module's workflow is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the self-cleaning regeneration module includes: a parameter monitoring and triggering unit, a flow direction control unit, a gas scrubbing disturbance unit, and an electrochemical regeneration unit; wherein, The parameter monitoring and triggering unit is connected to the transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit, and is used to monitor the water flow resistance parameters flowing through the filter bed, and generate a self-cleaning trigger signal when the water flow resistance parameters exceed a preset trigger threshold. The flow direction control unit is connected to the parameter monitoring and triggering unit and is used to switch the water inlet flow path in response to the self-cleaning trigger signal so that the water enters the filter bed in a second flow direction. The gas scrubbing disturbance unit is connected to the flow direction control unit and is used to expand and release the micro-nano bubbles accumulated in the filter bed under the second flow direction to mechanically disturb the porous conductive catalyst particles. The electrochemical regeneration unit is connected to the gas scrubbing and disturbance unit and is used to apply a cleaning voltage with alternating polarity to both ends of the filter bed to generate an electrochemical cleaning effect on the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles, thereby generating a regenerated filter bed.

[0041] Specifically, the process is initiated by the parameter monitoring and triggering unit, which is connected to the transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit via a data link. This unit continuously acquires and processes the water flow resistance parameter, which characterizes the overall flux decay of the filter bed. This parameter is primarily composed of the transmembrane pressure difference of the fine filter membrane module. The unit has a dynamically set trigger threshold; for example, if the water flow resistance parameter in the initial clean state is 15 kPa, the trigger threshold can be set to 40 kPa. When the real-time monitored water flow resistance parameter exceeds this preset trigger threshold, or when the rate of increase of this parameter exceeds a preset slope threshold within a unit of time, such as one hour, the unit determines that the bed has become clogged and immediately generates a high-level self-cleaning trigger signal, which is then distributed to other control units within the module.

[0042] Upon receiving the self-cleaning trigger signal, the flow control unit responds immediately. This unit controls a valve group matrix consisting of a set of solenoid valves or electric ball valves to perform a flow path switching action. It switches the system's operating mode from normal filtration mode to self-cleaning and regeneration mode. Specifically, it closes the original inlet water pipeline valve and simultaneously opens the backwash pipeline valve, forcing the water to enter the co-flow filter bed in a second flow direction, that is, the opposite direction to normal filtration, such as from bottom to top.

[0043] At the instant the second flow direction is established, the air scrubbing agitation unit begins to function. During normal filtration, micro- and nano-bubbles generated by the electrochemical electrolysis module are partially adsorbed and accumulated within the pore structure of the porous conductive catalytic particles. When the water flow direction is reversed, the pressure within the bed changes instantaneously, causing these captured micro- and nano-bubbles to rapidly expand and desorb due to the sudden pressure drop. This process generates intense micro-mechanical agitation, like countless miniature air brushes scrubbing and peeling away from the particle surface—this is air scrubbing. This physical action effectively loosens and removes most of the physical dirt and biofilm adhering to the particle surface, completing the initial physical cleaning.

[0044] Simultaneously, the electrochemical regeneration unit performs deep chemical cleaning of the filter bed. Upon responding to the self-cleaning trigger signal, this unit first cuts off the power supply to the filter bed in filtration mode, then connects to an independent low-voltage DC power supply, applying a cleaning voltage with alternating polarity to the current collectors at both ends of the bed. This voltage waveform is specially designed, for example, switching between ±5 volts at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. During the forward voltage phase, the particles near the effluent end act as the anode, undergoing an oxidation reaction to generate strong oxidizing free radicals that degrade stubborn organic pollutants. During the reverse voltage phase, these particles become the cathode, generating hydrogen through water electrolysis. This hydrogen abrasion removes inorganic scale, while the change in electric field promotes pollutant desorption. This synergistic effect of physical gas scrubbing and electrochemical polarity reversal regeneration thoroughly restores the clean surface and catalytic activity of the porous conductive catalytic particles, ultimately generating a regenerated filter bed ready for the next filtration cycle.

[0045] For example, the parameter monitoring and triggering unit acquires the water flow resistance parameters of the filter bed in real time. When the measured water flow resistance parameter rises to 42 kPa due to filter media clogging, exceeding the preset trigger threshold of 40 kPa, the system immediately generates a high-level self-cleaning trigger signal. Upon receiving this trigger signal, the flow direction control unit drives the valve matrix composed of solenoid valves to switch the system's operating flow path, guiding the water to flow into the filter bed in a second direction opposite to the normal filtration direction. Under the condition of reversed water flow direction and instantaneous change in bed pressure, the air scrubbing disturbance unit causes the micro-nano bubbles originally adsorbed in the pores of the porous conductive catalytic particles to rapidly expand and desorb, using the generated strong micro-mechanical disturbance to peel off the physical dirt on the particle surface. Subsequently, the electrochemical regeneration unit intervenes, applying a polarity-alternating cleaning voltage to the current collectors at both ends of the filter bed, setting this voltage to cycle between +5V and -5V at a low frequency of 0.5 Hz. By using the strong oxidizing free radicals generated at the anode to degrade organic pollutants, and combined with the hydrogen stripping effect generated at the cathode, the system can completely restore the clean surface and catalytic activity of the porous conductive catalytic particles, ultimately generating a regenerated filter bed and preparing it for the next filtration cycle.

[0046] Furthermore, the applied cleaning voltage with alternating polarity includes: In response to the self-cleaning trigger signal, the power supply to the main electrolysis electrode is cut off, generating an isolated bed circuit; An independent cleaning voltage source is connected to the isolated bed circuit to energize the porous conductive catalytic particles as a whole. Based on a preset voltage waveform for decomposing organic dirt, the cleaning voltage source is controlled to output a cleaning voltage with alternating polarity.

[0047] Specifically, upon receiving the self-cleaning trigger signal, the system immediately performs an electrical isolation operation. This signal drives a set of high-isolation relays or solid-state switches, the primary action of which is to disconnect the output of the power drive unit that previously powered the three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, as well as the power supply circuit to the main electrolysis electrode. This step aims to create a completely isolated bed circuit, preventing cleaning current from flowing back to the main power supply or control module, avoiding electrical crosstalk and potential equipment damage, and ensuring that the subsequently applied cleaning voltage is precisely applied to the target bed.

[0048] After confirming successful isolation of the bed circuit, another set of relays closes, connecting a separate cleaning voltage source to the collectors at both ends of the isolated bed circuit. This cleaning voltage source is a dedicated power module designed for this specific regeneration task, and its output characteristics, such as voltage range, current limiting, and waveform control capabilities, are distinctly different from the main power drive unit used for water treatment. In this way, the system can provide overall energization to contaminants attached to the porous conductive catalyst particles, providing the necessary hardware foundation for implementing refined electrochemical cleaning strategies.

[0049] The controller of the electrochemical regeneration unit precisely controls the output of an independent cleaning voltage source with alternating polarity, based on a preset voltage waveform used to decompose organic fouling. This voltage waveform is typically a low-frequency square wave, with a frequency set between 0.1 Hz and 1 Hz and an amplitude within a low voltage range of 3 V to 10 V. During one cycle, the positive half-cycle of the voltage brings the particle surface to an anodic potential, generating strong oxidizing species, such as hydroxyl radicals, through electrocatalytic oxidation to decompose stubborn biofilms and organic macromolecules. During the negative half-cycle, the particle surface transitions to a cathodic potential, generating trace amounts of hydrogen through water electrolysis. This hydrogen gas, through the physical stripping action of the bubbles, removes inorganic scale and attached particulate matter. This periodic polarity alternation ensures effective removal of different types of fouling and effectively prevents catalyst deactivation that might result from single polarization, thus achieving deep regeneration of the filter bed.

[0050] For example, upon response to the self-cleaning trigger signal, the self-cleaning regeneration module immediately initiates the polarity alternating cleaning function. The controller drives a high-isolation relay group to quickly disconnect the power drive unit output circuit that previously supplied power to the main electrolysis electrode and the three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, thereby creating a completely independent and isolated bed circuit at the physical level. Subsequently, the system automatically switches the switching state, connecting a preset independent cleaning voltage source to the current collectors at both ends of this isolated bed circuit, achieving overall energization of the porous conductive catalytic particles. The electrochemical regeneration unit drives the cleaning voltage source to output a polarity alternating cleaning voltage according to a preset voltage waveform for decomposing organic fouling. This voltage is set as a low-frequency square wave and cycles between +5V and -5V at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. During the positive potential cycle, the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles generates strong oxidizing free radicals to degrade adsorbed organic pollutants; during the negative potential cycle, the particles switch to a cathode potential and generate hydrogen through water electrolysis, using the physical stripping effect of bubbles to remove inorganic scale deposited on the surface. This periodic polarity alternation ensures a comprehensive removal effect on different types of dirt, thereby completely restoring the clean surface and catalytic activity of the porous conductive catalytic particles, ultimately generating a regenerated filter bed and preparing it for the next filtration cycle.

[0051] S4. The intelligent control module is used to collect real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body, generate adjustment instructions based on the real-time water quality monitoring data, and dynamically adjust the pulse voltage control signal and the trigger threshold using the adjustment instructions.

[0052] Furthermore, the intelligent control module includes: a water quality monitoring data acquisition unit, a data comparison and deviation generation unit, a pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit, and a trigger threshold correction command generation unit; wherein, The water quality monitoring data acquisition unit is connected to the membrane fine filtration unit and the electrochemical regeneration unit respectively, and is used to collect real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body; The data comparison and deviation generation unit is connected to the water quality monitoring data acquisition unit and is used to compare the real-time water quality monitoring data with the preset target water quality range to generate a water quality deviation signal. The pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit is connected to the data comparison and deviation generation unit, and is used to generate a first adjustment command for adjusting the pulse frequency and amplitude in the pulse voltage control signal based on the water quality deviation signal. The trigger threshold correction instruction generation unit is connected to the pulse voltage adjustment instruction generation unit. It statistically analyzes the historical trigger frequency of the self-cleaning trigger signal and, in conjunction with the changing trend of the water flow resistance parameter, generates a second adjustment instruction for correcting the trigger threshold.

[0053] Specifically, the process begins with the water quality monitoring data acquisition unit. This unit integrates a high-precision online water quality analysis instrument on the outlet pipe of the membrane fine filtration unit to continuously collect real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water. The core monitoring indicators include the concentration of residual chlorine or equivalent oxidant, which reflects the disinfection effect, and turbidity, which reflects the physical filtration effect. These data are the direct basis for evaluating the final treatment effect of the system.

[0054] The data comparison and deviation generation unit processes the collected data. This unit has a preset target water quality range that meets national drinking water standards, such as a residual chlorine concentration of 0.3 to 0.5 mg / L. The unit compares the real-time water quality monitoring data with this range and calculates a water quality deviation signal. This signal is a quantified difference; for example, when the real-time residual chlorine concentration is 0.2 mg / L, a negative deviation signal representing insufficient treatment intensity is generated.

[0055] Based on this water quality deviation signal, the pulse voltage regulation command generation unit executes fast-response closed-loop control. This unit uses a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm to convert the water quality deviation signal into specific adjustment actions on the pulse voltage control signal. If a negative deviation occurs, the unit generates a first regulation command to enhance electrolysis intensity. This command moderately increases the pulse frequency or pulse amplitude in the pulse voltage control signal, for example, increasing the amplitude from 6 volts to 6.5 volts, to increase the generation rate of active substances. Conversely, it reduces the electrolysis intensity. This adjustment is high-frequency, ensuring that the effluent water quality always fluctuates closely within the target range.

[0056] Simultaneously, the trigger threshold correction command generation unit performs a long-cycle, learning-enabled optimization adjustment. This unit does not directly respond to instantaneous water quality but instead statistically analyzes the historical trigger frequency of the self-cleaning trigger signal over a relatively long period, such as the past 72 hours. It also correlates this frequency with the slope of the water flow resistance parameter's increase over time. If the system frequently triggers self-cleaning, but the water quality remains excellent before each cleaning, this may indicate that the current trigger threshold is too conservative, leading to unnecessary energy and water consumption. In this case, the unit generates a second adjustment command to correct the trigger threshold, appropriately increasing it. This correction amount... This can be determined through the following logic: , in, The optimal self-cleaning trigger frequency is determined based on system design and operating costs, for example, once every 48 hours. It is the actual triggering frequency obtained from statistics. This is an adjustable gain coefficient used to control the correction step size and prevent system oscillations. This command updates the preset trigger threshold in the self-cleaning regeneration module, enabling the system to adaptively evolve towards a more economical operating mode while ensuring water quality safety.

[0057] For example, in the intelligent control module for adaptive water quality adjustment and self-cleaning threshold optimization, the water quality monitoring data acquisition unit continuously acquires real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water from the outlet pipe of the membrane fine filtration unit. When the residual chlorine concentration in the water is detected to drop to 0.2 mg / L, the data comparison and deviation generation unit compares this value with the preset target water quality range of 0.3 to 0.5 mg / L, calculates and generates a water quality deviation signal representing insufficient treatment intensity. The pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit executes a PID algorithm based on this signal and generates a first adjustment command, dynamically increasing the pulse amplitude in the pulse voltage control signal from 6 volts to 6.5 volts to quickly compensate for water quality fluctuations by enhancing electrolysis intensity. At the same time, the trigger threshold correction command generation unit statistically obtains the historical actual trigger frequency of the self-cleaning trigger signal over the past 72 hours. The optimal triggering frequency is determined based on system operating costs and is 32 hours. The time is 48 hours. Set and adjust the gain coefficient. The value is 0.5. Substitute this value into the trigger threshold correction formula and perform the calculation. The threshold correction amount is calculated. The result was 8. Finally, the system generated a second adjustment command to correct the trigger threshold of 40 kPa in the self-cleaning regeneration module to 48 kPa. This process enabled the system to adaptively evolve to a more economical low-frequency cleaning mode while ensuring the safety of the effluent.

[0058] Furthermore, the system also includes: A portion of the deeply purified water is diverted to generate a stable return water body; Monitor the water quality parameters of the pipeline network at the final outlet, and generate a proportional control signal based on the water quality parameters of the pipeline network; The flow rate of the refluxed stable water returning to the inlet is adjusted using the proportional control signal, forming a water quality buffer protection layer at the pipeline inlet.

[0059] Specifically, a small portion of the treated water is diverted from the main outlet of the deeply purified water body through a three-way valve or a dedicated opening. This portion of water is defined as the return stable water body. This diversion pipeline is equipped with a small variable speed pump or an electric proportional regulating valve, and its outlet is led back to the raw water inlet of the system for pre-mixing with the raw water about to enter the system.

[0060] Meanwhile, downstream of the final water outlet, at one or more representative monitoring points in the user's pipe network, online water quality sensors are installed. These sensors primarily monitor pipe network water quality parameters crucial for drinking water safety, typically residual chlorine or equivalent redox potential, which directly reflect the pipe network's ability to inhibit microbial regrowth. The system's intelligent control module continuously receives real-time data from the pipe network sensors. The module has an internally set safety lower limit for pipe network water quality, such as a residual chlorine concentration not lower than 0.05 mg / L. When the monitored pipe network water quality parameter falls below this safety lower limit, it indicates insufficient water quality maintenance capacity in the pipe network. At this time, the control algorithm immediately generates a proportional control signal proportional to the deviation value. The generation logic of this control signal is as follows: , in, It is the output proportional control signal, used to instruct the opening degree of the regulating valve or the speed of the pump. It is a proportional gain constant, which is calibrated according to the characteristics of the pipeline network during system commissioning. It is the preset lower limit for safe water quality in the pipe network. These are the real-time monitored water quality parameters of the pipe network. This formula is only applicable when... Less than It is activated at that time.

[0061] Using this generated proportional control signal, the flow rate of the refluxed stabilized water returning to the inlet is precisely adjusted. For example, a larger deviation will generate a stronger control signal, thereby increasing the flow rate of the refluxed stabilized water. This qualified water, containing a certain concentration of active substances, mixes with the raw water, effectively establishing a water quality buffer layer for the raw water before treatment begins. This buffer neutralizes some pollutants in advance and enhances the overall water body's resistance to pollution loads. In this way, instead of passively waiting for water quality to deteriorate before treatment, the entire treatment process is proactively strengthened, ensuring water quality safety at the end user's location even under unfavorable pipeline conditions.

[0062] For example, the system first diverts a portion of the treated water from the main pipeline of the fine membrane filtration unit as return stabilizing water through a three-way valve. Then, an online water quality sensor installed at a downstream user's pipeline monitoring point monitors the residual chlorine concentration, a key pipeline water quality parameter reflecting the network's water quality maintenance capability, in real time. A preset safety lower limit for pipeline water quality is set. The concentration was 0.05 mg / L, when the sensor captured the real-time monitored water quality parameters of the pipeline network. When the value drops to 0.03 mg / L, the system immediately generates a proportional control signal because the monitored value is below the preset lower limit. The system selects the proportional gain constant calibrated based on the pipeline network characteristics during the commissioning phase. Set the value to 500 and substitute it into the formula defined in the instruction manual to execute. The proportional control signal of the output is obtained through calculation. The result is 10. The intelligent control module uses this generated proportional control signal to instruct the small variable-speed pump on the return pipeline to increase its speed, precisely regulating the flow rate of the increased, stabilized return water back to the inlet. This qualified water, containing a certain concentration of active substances, mixes with the raw water, successfully forming a water quality buffer layer at the system inlet. This achieves pre-neutralization of the raw water before treatment begins and enhances the overall resistance to pollution loads, ensuring water quality safety at the end user's location even under unfavorable pipeline conditions.

[0063] Furthermore, the system also includes: The stagnant water filling the filter bed is subjected to low-intensity circulating electrolysis to generate activated circulating water. The filter bed is periodically and briefly switched to the self-cleaning and regeneration mode to microscopically disturb the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles, thereby generating an activated filter bed. The oxidation-reduction potential of the activated circulating water is monitored. Once the oxidation-reduction potential stabilizes within a preset range used to characterize the completion of activation, the system automatically switches to normal operation mode.

[0064] Specifically, the controller closes the inlet and outlet valves and starts a built-in low-power circulation pump, causing the stagnant water filling the filter bed to form a closed, slow circulation within the module. Simultaneously, the electrochemical electrolysis module is instructed to enter a low-intensity mode, applying only a very low sustaining voltage, such as a 1-2 volt DC or low-frequency pulse, to the circulating water for low-intensity cyclic electrolysis. This operation consumes very little energy but is sufficient to slowly generate and maintain a certain concentration of active substances in the water, forming so-called activated circulating water, which pre-activates and maintains the catalyst surface.

[0065] During this low-intensity activation period, periodic micro-disturbance operations are performed. The controller briefly triggers a self-cleaning regeneration mode at a preset, relatively long interval, such as every 30 minutes, but the intensity is much lower than a normal cleaning procedure. This might involve executing a momentary reverse pulse flow lasting 1 to 2 seconds, or applying a brief electrical pulse to the porous conductive catalyst particles. This micro-disturbance is sufficient to shake off or peel away early contaminants that may have loosely adhered to the particle surface during settling, preventing them from solidifying. Simultaneously, it agitates the boundary water layer on the particle surface, promoting contact between the catalyst and the activated circulating water, thereby generating an activated filter bed that maintains high reactivity.

[0066] The entire activation and maintenance process is controlled in a closed loop by a status monitoring and automatic switching logic. An oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) probe is installed in the circulation loop of the activated circulating water. The controller monitors the ORP of the activated circulating water in real time. When it receives a command to begin normal operation, the controller checks this ORP value. Only when the ORP value stabilizes within a preset range indicating activation completion, such as +400 to +500 mV, and its fluctuations within the past few minutes are less than a set threshold, does it indicate that the filter bed is in optimal standby condition. At this point, the controller performs a mode switch, stopping the activation and maintenance program, opening the inlet valve and main pump, and switching the electrolysis module to normal power. The system then automatically enters normal operation mode, achieving a seamless transition from standby to high-efficiency operation.

[0067] For example, the controller first closes the inlet and outlet valves and starts the built-in low-power circulation pump, causing the stagnant water filling the filter bed to form a closed, slow circulation within the module. Simultaneously, the electrochemical electrolysis module is instructed to apply a 1.5V sustaining voltage to the circulating water for low-intensity electrolysis, thereby generating activated circulating water containing a certain concentration of active substances. During activation, the system briefly switches to a self-cleaning and regeneration mode every 30 minutes, performing a 2-second instantaneous reverse pulse current to microscopically disturb the surface of the porous conductive catalyst particles, removing early fouling and generating the activated filter bed. The status monitoring and automatic switching logic monitors the oxidation-reduction potential of the activated circulating water in real time through probes in the circulation loop, setting the range for characterizing activation completion to +400 mV to +500 mV. When the redox potential is detected to be stable at +450 mV and fluctuates less than the preset 5 mV threshold in the past 5 minutes, the system determines that the filter bed is in the best standby state. Then it automatically stops the activation and maintenance program and opens the water inlet valve and main pump, switches the electrolysis module to normal power, and automatically switches the system to normal operation mode.

[0068] It should be noted that the electrical connections between the various units described above do not necessarily represent direct or indirect connections. Any indirect connection method can be applied to the embodiments of the present invention as long as it achieves the purpose of the present invention. The above descriptions are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0069] All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this invention are still within the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of this invention upon considering the specification and the disclosure of practical truth. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this invention that follow the general principles of this invention and include common knowledge or conventional techniques in the art not described herein.

Claims

1. A decentralized, reagent-free, integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system for rural areas, characterized in that: The system includes: an electrochemical electrolysis module, a catalytic oxidation filtration module, a self-cleaning regeneration module, and an intelligent control module; wherein... The electrochemical electrolysis module is used to apply a pulsed asymmetric voltage driven by a pulsed voltage control signal to the influent water for electrolysis treatment, generating an electrolyzed mixed water body containing active substances and micro-nano bubbles; The catalytic oxidation filtration module is used to guide the electrolyzed mixed water into a filter bed filled with porous conductive catalytic particles for filtration and catalytic oxidation to generate deeply purified water. The self-cleaning and regeneration module is used to monitor the water flow resistance parameters flowing through the filter bed, and when the water flow resistance parameters exceed the preset trigger threshold, it generates a self-cleaning trigger signal, uses the self-cleaning trigger signal to switch the working mode of the filter bed to the self-cleaning and regeneration mode, and uses micro-nano bubbles in the electrolyzed mixed water to perform air scrubbing on the filter bed to generate a regenerated filter bed. The intelligent control module is used to collect real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body, generate adjustment instructions based on the real-time water quality monitoring data, and dynamically adjust the pulse voltage control signal and the trigger threshold using the adjustment instructions.

2. The rural decentralized, reagent-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochemical electrolysis module includes: a water quality parameter acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and a power drive unit; wherein... The water quality parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time water quality parameters of the incoming water; The signal control unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to match and generate a pulse voltage control signal from a preset library containing multiple voltage waveforms based on the real-time water quality parameters. The power drive unit is connected to the signal control unit and is used to supply power to the electrolysis electrode according to the pulse voltage control signal, so that the incoming water reacts in the electrolysis chamber to generate electrolyzed mixed water.

3. The rural decentralized, reagent-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The catalytic oxidation filtration module includes: a three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, a membrane fine filtration unit, and a transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit; wherein... The three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit is connected to the power drive unit and is used to make the electrolyzed mixed water flow through the filter bed in the first direction. The porous conductive catalytic particles are used as three-dimensional electrodes to continue the oxidation reaction and retain suspended solids to generate primary purified water. The membrane fine filtration unit is connected to the three-dimensional electrode catalytic oxidation unit, and is used to pass the primary purified water through a fine filtration membrane assembly to remove tiny particles and microorganisms from the water and generate deeply purified water. The transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit is connected to the membrane fine filtration unit and is used to obtain the pressure difference before and after flowing through the fine filtration membrane module, generate membrane fouling state parameters, and adjust the flow rate in the first flow direction using the membrane fouling state parameters.

4. The rural decentralized, reagent-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The self-cleaning regeneration module includes: a parameter monitoring and triggering unit, a flow direction control unit, an air scrubbing disturbance unit, and an electrochemical regeneration unit; wherein... The parameter monitoring and triggering unit is connected to the transmembrane pressure difference monitoring and feedback unit, and is used to monitor the water flow resistance parameters flowing through the filter bed, and generate a self-cleaning trigger signal when the water flow resistance parameters exceed a preset trigger threshold. The flow direction control unit is connected to the parameter monitoring and triggering unit and is used to switch the water inlet flow path in response to the self-cleaning trigger signal so that the water enters the filter bed in a second flow direction. The gas scrubbing disturbance unit is connected to the flow direction control unit and is used to expand and release the micro-nano bubbles accumulated in the filter bed under the second flow direction to mechanically disturb the porous conductive catalyst particles. The electrochemical regeneration unit is connected to the gas scrubbing and disturbance unit and is used to apply a cleaning voltage with alternating polarity to both ends of the filter bed to generate an electrochemical cleaning effect on the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles, thereby generating a regenerated filter bed.

5. The rural decentralized, reagent-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The applied cleaning voltage with alternating polarity includes: In response to the self-cleaning trigger signal, the power supply to the main electrolysis electrode is cut off, generating an isolated bed circuit; An independent cleaning voltage source is connected to the isolated bed circuit to energize the porous conductive catalytic particles as a whole. Based on a preset voltage waveform for decomposing organic dirt, the cleaning voltage source is controlled to output a cleaning voltage with alternating polarity.

6. The rural decentralized, chemical-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent control module includes: a water quality monitoring data acquisition unit, a data comparison and deviation generation unit, a pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit, and a trigger threshold correction command generation unit; wherein... The water quality monitoring data acquisition unit is connected to the membrane fine filtration unit and the electrochemical regeneration unit respectively, and is used to collect real-time water quality monitoring data of the deeply purified water body; The data comparison and deviation generation unit is connected to the water quality monitoring data acquisition unit and is used to compare the real-time water quality monitoring data with the preset target water quality range to generate a water quality deviation signal. The pulse voltage adjustment command generation unit is connected to the data comparison and deviation generation unit, and is used to generate a first adjustment command for adjusting the pulse frequency and amplitude in the pulse voltage control signal based on the water quality deviation signal. The trigger threshold correction instruction generation unit is connected to the pulse voltage adjustment instruction generation unit. It statistically analyzes the historical trigger frequency of the self-cleaning trigger signal and, in conjunction with the changing trend of the water flow resistance parameter, generates a second adjustment instruction for correcting the trigger threshold.

7. The rural decentralized, reagent-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: A portion of the deeply purified water is diverted to generate a stable return water body; Monitor the water quality parameters of the pipeline network at the final outlet, and generate a proportional control signal based on the water quality parameters of the pipeline network; The flow rate of the refluxed stable water returning to the inlet is adjusted using the proportional control signal, forming a water quality buffer protection layer at the pipeline inlet.

8. The rural decentralized, reagent-free integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulsed asymmetric voltage also includes: Obtain real-time power generation and real-time processing load of each power-consuming unit in the system; The real-time power generation is dynamically allocated based on a preset load priority list used to ensure core functions; When the real-time power generation is lower than the real-time processing load, priority is given to ensuring the power supply of the pulsed asymmetrical voltage, and intermittent power supply is provided to low-priority loads.

9. A rural decentralized, reagent-free, integrated electrochemical drinking water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: The stagnant water filling the filter bed is subjected to low-intensity circulating electrolysis to generate activated circulating water. The filter bed is periodically and briefly switched to the self-cleaning and regeneration mode to microscopically disturb the surface of the porous conductive catalytic particles, thereby generating an activated filter bed. The oxidation-reduction potential of the activated circulating water is monitored. Once the oxidation-reduction potential stabilizes within a preset range used to characterize the completion of activation, the system automatically switches to normal operation mode.

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