Deepwater assembly type screw anchor installation and recovery equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to offshore anchoring foundation construction devices, and discloses deepwater assembly type screw anchor installation and recovery equipment which comprises a torque resisting mechanism and a power transmission mechanism. The torque resisting mechanism mainly provides torsion resistance, the power transmission mechanism mainly provides pressure and torque needed by installation and recovery, a novel installation mode with spiral anchor torsion resistance as a main part and compression resistance as an auxiliary part is achieved, and meanwhile the characteristic that the settling vat can be installed under water through negative pressure is fully considered. The size and the weight of a single component are reduced, the device is more practical and efficient deep-water sea area screw anchor installation equipment, and installation of a long-connecting-rod screw anchor can be achieved. Meanwhile, the power transmission mechanism is recovered through hoisting, and the torque resisting mechanism is recovered through pumping water and air into the settling vat through a vacuum pump, so that cyclic utilization of the installation equipment is realized, the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to marine anchoring foundation construction devices, specifically, it relates to an installation and recovery device for helical anchors. Background Technology

[0002] In the vast, open, and deep-sea areas with fewer constraints and abundant wind resources, developing clean and renewable offshore wind energy using floating wind power has become a crucial strategic support for my country's energy structure transformation. However, the core issue hindering the efficient, low-cost, and large-scale development of floating wind power is its high cost. Anchoring foundations, as a critical component ensuring the survival of floating wind power platforms in extreme sea conditions, account for a significant portion of the total investment. Therefore, reducing the installation cost of anchoring foundations is one of the key strategies for improving the investment returns of floating wind power in deep-sea areas and promoting its commercial development.

[0003] A helical anchor is a steel anchoring foundation consisting of a pile body, connecting rods, and helical blades. Its shape gives it high load-bearing capacity per unit of steel, reducing the cost of anchoring foundations. However, existing helical anchor installation equipment generally has low torsional resistance, and its electrical equipment and other technologies are insufficient to meet the requirements of deep-sea installation, making it unsuitable for installing large deep-sea helical anchors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to design a deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device. This device can achieve modular assembly and repeated use, and has better torsional resistance, lower cost, and is more convenient to use. For actual deep-sea engineering projects, it greatly reduces production costs and improves production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device, including a torque-resisting mechanism and a power transmission mechanism;

[0007] The torque-resisting mechanism includes multiple settling tanks, each settling tank having a vacuum pump and a drain valve on its top cover; adjacent settling tanks are connected by a connecting beam, and a split counterweight box is mounted on the connecting beam; the settling tanks are used to sink the torque-resisting mechanism into the soil and fix its installation position; each settling tank has several blades arranged on its outer wall, and the blades are used to resist torque.

[0008] A docking top plate is provided directly above the plurality of settling tanks, and each settling tank is connected to the docking top plate by an inclined support; the docking top plate is provided with a first component of a locking mechanism;

[0009] The power transmission mechanism includes a rotary motor and two lifting motors arranged in a straight line, with the two lifting motors located on either side of the rotary motor. The rotary motor is connected to a rotary reducer located below it, and the lifting motor is connected to the lifting reducer located below it. Both the rotary reducer and the lifting reducer are fixed on the lifting top plate, and the lifting top plate supports the rotary motor, the lifting motor, the rotary reducer, and the lifting reducer.

[0010] The lifting reducer is connected to the lifting screw, and the rotary reducer is connected to the rotary shaft. The bottom of both the rotary shaft and the bottom of the lifting screw are connected to the lifting base plate. The top and bottom of the lifting screw are respectively connected to the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate via lifting screw support seats. The lifting screw support seats are fixed to both the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate, and the lifting screw can rotate relative to the lifting screw support seats without axial displacement. The top and bottom of the rotary shaft are respectively connected to the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate via rotary shaft support seats. The rotary shaft support seats are fixed to both the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate, and the rotary shaft can rotate relative to the rotary shaft support seats without axial displacement.

[0011] A lifting platform fixing plate is provided between the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate. The lifting platform fixing plate has a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through, and a screw nut for engaging the lifting screw is fixed thereon. The screw nut and the lifting screw form a rotating screw pair.

[0012] The lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate are supported by a number of lifting guide columns. The lifting guide columns pass through the lifting platform fixing plate and are connected to the lifting platform fixing plate through lifting guide sleeves, so that the lifting guide columns can move vertically relative to the lifting platform fixing plate.

[0013] The lifting platform fixing plate is provided with a second locking mechanism component, which is used to dock and fix with the first locking mechanism component to achieve a torque-resistant connection between the docking top plate and the lifting platform fixing plate.

[0014] After the docking top plate is connected to the lifting platform fixed plate: when the lifting motor drives the lifting screw to rotate forward, the rotational movement of the lifting screw relative to the screw nut generates pressure that is transmitted to the lifting base plate, causing the lifting base plate to descend relative to the lifting platform fixed plate under pressure; when the lifting motor is not rotating, the lifting screw can automatically lock relative to the screw nut to fix the position of the lifting base plate; when the lifting motor reverses, the lifting motor stops applying pressure, and all other components of the power transmission mechanism except the lifting platform fixed plate rise and reset relative to the lifting platform fixed plate.

[0015] The bottom end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating shaft support and is connected to the spiral anchor adapter. The rotating shaft drives the spiral anchor adapter to rotate. The spiral anchor adapter is located below the lifting base plate. The spiral anchor adapter can be axially inserted into the spiral anchor, locked with the spiral anchor by forward rotation, and unlocked with the spiral anchor by reverse rotation.

[0016] Furthermore, the plurality of settling tanks are evenly distributed in a ring on a horizontal plane, and there is a gap between adjacent settling tanks.

[0017] Furthermore, several blades are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the settling tank, each blade extending axially along the settling tank in the vertical direction and radially along the settling tank in the horizontal direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting beam is arranged along the radial direction of two adjacent settling tanks, and the end of the connecting beam is fixed to the top of the side wall of the settling tank.

[0019] Furthermore, the docking top plate is an annular plate with a notch, the notch being used to allow the helical anchor to enter the space between the multiple settling barrels; the vertical distance between the docking top plate and the settling barrels is greater than the total length of the helical anchor.

[0020] Furthermore, all diagonal supports have the same length and tilt angle.

[0021] Furthermore, the split-type counterweight box is equipped with a top cover, which is sealed and tightly fitted to the box before being submerged in water.

[0022] Furthermore, the split-type counterweight box has compartments inside to achieve uniform loading.

[0023] Furthermore, the lifting guide column is fixedly connected to the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate respectively, so as to keep the distance between the lifting guide column and the lifting top plate constant.

[0024] Furthermore, the lifting guide columns are evenly distributed relative to the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate, respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, the rotary motor, the lifting motor, the rotary reducer, and the lifting reducer are all protected by a waterproof motor cover, which is fixed to the lifting top plate.

[0026] Furthermore, a bellows cover is provided between the lifting top plate and the lifting platform fixing plate, and between the lifting platform fixing plate and the lifting bottom plate, respectively. The two bellows covers are used to cover the rotating shaft, the lifting screw, the rotating shaft support, the lifting screw support, the lifting guide column, and the lifting guide sleeve.

[0027] Furthermore, a first lifting ring is provided on the top surface of the docking top plate.

[0028] Furthermore, a second lifting ring is provided on the top surface of the lifting top plate.

[0029] Furthermore, the first component of the locking mechanism is a docking hole, and a plurality of the docking holes extend vertically through the docking top plate; the second component of the locking mechanism is an adjustable positioning pin, and a plurality of the adjustable positioning pins are disposed at the bottom of the lifting platform fixing plate; the position and structure of the adjustable positioning pins match the docking holes, and the adjustable positioning pins can be inserted into the docking holes one by one and locked after being inserted into the docking holes.

[0030] Furthermore, the helical anchor adapter has two plugs, each with a wider head and a narrower neck; the two plugs are used to match the two arc-shaped wedge-shaped openings of the helical anchor.

[0031] The two arc-shaped wedge openings are symmetrically distributed at 180° rotation; each arc-shaped wedge opening is arc-shaped in whole, including an open end and a closed end, and the open end and the closed end are smoothly transitioned; the opening of the open end is larger than the width of the plug head, and the opening of the closed end is smaller than the width of the plug head but larger than the width of the neck.

[0032] The spiral anchor adapter and spiral anchor locking process are as follows: the plug of the spiral anchor adapter moves axially toward the direction close to the arc-shaped wedge opening, so that the plug enters the arc-shaped wedge opening from the open end, and then the plug is screwed into the closed end from the open end by rotation.

[0033] The process of unlocking the spiral anchor adapter and the spiral anchor is as follows: by rotating, the plug is screwed from the closed end into the open end, and the plug of the spiral anchor adapter moves axially away from the arc-shaped wedge opening, so that the plug is disengaged from the arc-shaped wedge opening from the open end.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0035] This invention effectively combines a torque-resisting mechanism and a power transmission mechanism. The torque-resisting mechanism mainly provides anti-torsion performance, while the power transmission mechanism mainly provides the pressure and torque required for installation and recovery. This achieves a new installation method with the helical anchor as the main anti-torsion and the pressure-resisting mechanism as the auxiliary, while also fully considering the characteristic of the settling tank to be installed underwater under negative pressure.

[0036] The overall structure of the torque-resisting mechanism adopts a multi-barrel linkage anti-torsion combination structure, which solves the shortcomings of poor anti-torsion performance of traditional barrel-type foundations. At the same time, blades are added to the side of the settling barrel, which allows the entire torque-resisting mechanism to be installed under negative pressure conditions, further improving the overall structure's torque resistance capability and making the installation equipment of the spiral anchor as lightweight and compact as possible. The counterweight box structure can change the weight of the structure itself by filling counterweights underwater according to different installation requirements, providing auxiliary pressure resistance capability.

[0037] The power transmission mechanism reduces the use of electric devices, lightens the structural weight, and significantly reduces equipment risks and maintenance pressure in deep-sea operations. In addition, the multi-axis linkage of the rotary motor and the lifting motor allows the power transmission mechanism to be installed without the traditional method of lowering the pitch by one screw for each rotation, avoiding the drawbacks of high counterweight and large volume of traditional installation devices.

[0038] As can be seen, the deep-water large-scale helical anchor installation equipment of this invention is designed based on a novel installation method that prioritizes torsional resistance and supplements it with compressive resistance. This reduces the size and weight of individual components, making it a more practical and efficient helical anchor installation device for deep-water areas. Furthermore, it can achieve the installation of long-link helical anchors. Simultaneously, the power transmission mechanism is recovered via hoisting, and the torque resistance mechanism is recovered by pressurizing and pumping water and air into the settling tank using a vacuum pump, enabling the recycling of the installation equipment, thereby reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first module in the deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second module in the deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the spiral anchor structure used for installation and retrieval in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is the terminal spiral anchor; (b) is the transition spiral anchor; and (c) is the top spiral anchor.

[0043] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating the usage of the deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram above: A, Torque-resisting mechanism; B, Power transmission mechanism;

[0045] 1. First lifting ring; 2. Top plate docking; 3. Docking hole; 4. Diagonal support; 5. Split-type counterweight box; 6. Vacuum pump; 7. Drain valve; 8. Settling tank; 9. Blade; 10. Connecting beam; 11. Rotary motor; 12. Lifting motor; 13. Rotary reducer; 14. Lifting reducer; 15. Motor waterproof cover; 16. Lifting top plate; 17. Second lifting ring; 18. Bellows cover; 19. Lifting guide column; 20. Lifting screw; 21. Rotary shaft; 22. Screw nut; 23. Lifting guide sleeve; 24. Lifting platform fixing plate; 25. Adjustable positioning pin; 26. Rotary shaft support seat; 27. Lifting screw support seat; 28. Lifting base plate; 29. ​​Spiral anchor adapter; 30. Mounting flange; 31. Anchor chain; 32. Pile body connecting rod; 33. Spiral blade; 34. Threaded section; 35. Hollow interface; 36. End. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, along with detailed descriptions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and retrieval device, including a torque-resisting mechanism A and a power transmission mechanism B. The torque-resisting mechanism A mainly provides torsional resistance, while the power transmission mechanism B mainly provides the pressure and torque required for installation and retrieval.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the torque-resisting mechanism A includes a settling tank 8, a blade 9, a vacuum pump 6, a drain valve 7, a connecting beam 10, a docking top plate 2, a first lifting ring 1, a docking hole 3, an inclined support 4, a split-type counterweight box 5, and a locking mechanism first component.

[0049] The settling tank 8 is a cylindrical shell with an open bottom made of stainless steel. Three to six settling tanks 8 are evenly distributed in a ring on a horizontal plane, with a gap between adjacent settling tanks 8. In this embodiment, there are four settling tanks 8, which are distributed on the plane at the four vertices of a square.

[0050] Two to four rectangular blades 9 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the sidewall of each settling tank 8. Each blade 9 extends axially along the settling tank 8 in the vertical direction and radially along the settling tank 8 in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, each settling tank 8 is equipped with four blades 9, and the included angle between adjacent blades 9 is 90°. As a preferred embodiment, the top and bottom ends of the blades 9 are flush with the top and bottom surfaces of the settling tank 8, respectively.

[0051] The settling tank 8 can drive the torque-resisting mechanism A to sink into the soil and fix the installation position. The blades 9 around the settling tank 8 are used to provide torque resistance, which solves the shortcomings of traditional cylindrical foundations in terms of poor torsional resistance and makes the overall installation equipment lightweight and compact.

[0052] The top cover of the settling tank 8 is equipped with a vacuum pump 6 and a drain valve 7. The vacuum pump 6 is used to pump water and air or to pump water and air to regulate the pressure inside the tank, creating a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the settling tank 8 to achieve the purpose of sinking or lifting. The drain valve 7 is used to allow water to flow smoothly through the settling tank 8 during the sinking or lifting process.

[0053] Adjacent settling tanks 8 are connected by connecting beams 10 to ensure the linkage and torsional resistance of the settling tanks 8. In this embodiment, four connecting beams 10 connect the four settling tanks 8 into a square. As a preferred embodiment, the ends of the connecting beams 10 are fixed to the top of the sidewall of the settling tank 8, and the connecting beams 10 are arranged along the radial direction of two adjacent settling tanks 8, so as to make full use of the torque provided by the blade 9 while ensuring the connection strength.

[0054] A docking top plate 2 is installed directly above the multiple settling tanks 8, meaning that the axis of the docking top plate 2 is equidistant from the horizontal distance of each settling tank 8. The docking top plate 2 is a circular annular plate with a notch, which allows the helical anchor to enter the space between the multiple settling tanks 8. The vertical distance between the bottom surface of the docking top plate 2 and the top surface of the settling tank 8 should be greater than the total length of the helical anchor. Several first lifting rings 1 can also be installed on the top surface of the docking top plate 2 for hoisting construction; in this embodiment, the number of first lifting rings 1 is four.

[0055] The docking top plate 2 is provided with several vertically penetrating docking holes 3. The docking holes 3 serve as the first component of the locking mechanism and are used to dock and lock with the second component of the locking mechanism of the power transmission mechanism B, so as to achieve the anti-torque fixed connection between the docking top plate 2 of the anti-torque mechanism A and the lifting platform fixing plate 24 of the power transmission mechanism B.

[0056] Each settling tank 8 is connected to the docking top plate 2 by a diagonal support 4. The diagonal support 4 serves to connect the settling tank and the docking top plate 2. It is preferable that all diagonal supports 4 have the same length and inclination angle. As a preferred embodiment, the top of the diagonal support 4 is threaded and is bolted to the lower surface of the docking top plate 2 by a lifting eye, and the bottom end is connected to the center of the top cover of the settling tank 8 by a flange.

[0057] A split-type counterweight box 5 is installed on the connecting beam 10, and the bottom of the split-type counterweight box 5 is connected to the connecting beam 10 by bolts. The box body of the split-type counterweight box 5 is equipped with a top cover, which is sealed and tightly fitted to the box body before being submerged. The split-type counterweight box 5 is filled with materials such as iron sand to increase the self-weight of the torque-resisting mechanism A, so as to facilitate the sinking of the settling tank 8 and provide sufficient vertical reaction force. The split-type counterweight box 5 has compartments inside to achieve uniform loading. The specific structural form is based on adapting to the settling tank 8 and the connecting beam 10, and the whole should not interfere with the construction area; in this embodiment, the split-type counterweight box 5 has twelve compartments.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the power transmission mechanism B includes a rotary motor 11, a lifting motor 12, a rotary reducer 13, a lifting reducer 14, a rotary shaft 21, a lifting screw 20, a lifting top plate 16, a lifting bottom plate 28, a rotary shaft support 26, a lifting screw support 27, a lifting platform fixing plate 24, a lifting guide column 19, a lifting guide sleeve 23, and a second component of the locking mechanism.

[0059] A rotary motor 11 and two lifting motors 12 are arranged in a straight line, with the two lifting motors 12 located on either side of the rotary motor 11. The rotary motor 11 is connected to a rotary reducer 13 located below it. The lifting motors 12 are connected to a lifting reducer 14 located below them. Both the rotary reducer 13 and the lifting reducer 14 are fixed on a lifting top plate 16, which supports the rotary motor 11, the lifting motor 12, the rotary reducer 13, and the lifting reducer 14.

[0060] Furthermore, the rotary motor 11, lifting motor 12, rotary reducer 13, and lifting reducer 14 can be protected by a motor waterproof cover 15, which can be fixed to the lifting top plate 16.

[0061] A second lifting ring 17 can also be installed on the top surface of the lifting top plate 16 to hoist the power transmission mechanism B.

[0062] A rotating shaft 21 passes through the top of the lifting top plate 16 and is connected to the output component of the rotary reducer 13. The rotary motor 11 and the rotary reducer 13 drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, thereby providing torque. Two lifting screws 20 pass through the top of the lifting top plate 16 and are connected to the output components of two lifting reducers 14 respectively. The lifting motor 12 and the lifting reducer 14 drive the lifting screws 20 to rotate, thereby providing pressure.

[0063] The bottom of the rotating shaft 21 and the bottom of the lifting screw 20 are both connected to the lifting base plate 28. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 21 passes through the rotating shaft support 26 and connects to the helical anchor adapter 29, which is located below the lifting base plate 28. The rotating shaft 21 drives the helical anchor adapter 29 to rotate. The helical anchor adapter 29 has two plugs, each with a wider head and a narrower neck; the two plugs are used to insert into the arc-shaped wedge-shaped opening of the threaded section 34 of the helical anchor and tighten them to fix the helical anchor adapter 29 to the helical anchor.

[0064] The top and bottom of the rotating shaft 21 are connected to the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 respectively via rotating shaft support 26. The rotating shaft 21 rotates relative to the rotating shaft support 26 without axial displacement. The rotating shaft support 26 is fixed to the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 respectively. The top and bottom of the lifting screw 20 are connected to the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 respectively via lifting screw support 27. The lifting screw 20 rotates relative to the lifting screw support 27 without axial displacement. The lifting screw support 27 is fixed to the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 respectively.

[0065] A lifting platform fixing plate 24 is disposed between the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28. The lifting platform fixing plate 24 has a through hole for the rotating shaft 21 to pass through, and the edge of the through hole does not contact the rotating shaft 21. A lead screw nut 22 is fixed to the lifting platform fixing plate 24. The inner rotating surface of the lead screw nut 22 meshes with the outer rotating surface of the lifting lead screw 20 to form a rotating lead screw pair. The lifting lead screw 20 is a T-shaped lead screw to achieve a locking function.

[0066] When the lifting motor 12 drives the lifting screw 20 to rotate forward, the rotational movement of the lifting screw 20 relative to the screw nut 22 generates pressure that is transmitted to the lifting base plate 28, causing the lifting base plate 28 to descend relative to the lifting platform fixed plate 24 under pressure. When the lifting motor 12 is not rotating, the screw nut 22 and the lifting screw 20 can automatically lock together to fix the position of the lifting base plate 28. When the lifting motor 12 reverses, the lifting motor 12 stops applying pressure, and all other components of the power transmission mechanism B, except for the lifting platform fixed plate 24, rise relative to the lifting platform fixed plate 24 and quickly reset.

[0067] The lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 are supported by a number of lifting guide columns 19. The lifting guide columns 19 are bolted to both the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 to ensure that the distance between them remains constant. In this embodiment, both the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting bottom plate 28 have rectangular surfaces, therefore, there are four lifting guide columns 19, each located at one of the four corners of the rectangle. Each of the lifting guide columns 19 passes through the lifting platform fixing plate 24 and is connected to the lifting platform fixing plate 24 via a lifting guide sleeve 23 to ensure the vertical movement of the lifting guide columns 19 relative to the lifting platform fixing plate 24. The lifting guide sleeve 23 is externally fixed to the lifting platform fixing plate 24 and internally used to allow the lifting guide columns 19 to pass through and restrict their horizontal movement.

[0068] A bellows cover 18 is provided between the lifting top plate 16 and the lifting platform fixing plate 24, and between the lifting platform fixing plate 24 and the lifting base plate 28. The two bellows covers 18 are used to cover the rotating shaft 21, the lifting screw 20, the rotating shaft support 26, the lifting screw support 27, the lifting guide column 19, and the lifting guide sleeve 23, so as to effectively protect them without restricting their movement.

[0069] The lifting platform fixing plate 24 is provided with several adjustable positioning pins 25, the positions and structures of which match the docking holes 3 provided on the docking top plate 2. Each adjustable positioning pin 25 can be inserted into the docking hole 3 and rotated after insertion to achieve locking. The adjustable positioning pins 25 serve as the second component of the locking mechanism, used to dock and lock with the first component of the locking mechanism of the torque-resisting mechanism A, thereby achieving a torque-resistant fixed connection between the docking top plate 2 of the torque-resisting mechanism A and the lifting platform fixing plate 24 of the power transmission mechanism B.

[0070] In addition to the combination of docking hole 3 and adjustable positioning pin 25, the present invention does not exclude other specific structural forms of locking mechanisms, as long as the lifting platform fixing plate 24 can dock and lock with the docking top plate 2, and the anti-torsion provided by the anti-torsion mechanism A can be transmitted to the power transmission mechanism B.

[0071] The following section uses a three-section long-link helical anchor as an example to introduce the structure of the helical anchor and explain how the helical anchor adapter 29 realizes the connection, locking, and unlocking functions of the helical anchor. As shown in Figure 4, the three-section long-link helical anchor consists of a terminal chain helical anchor, an adapter helical anchor, and a top helical anchor from top to bottom. The terminal chain helical anchor, adapter helical anchor, and top helical anchor all include a pile body connecting rod 32. The bottom end of the pile body connecting rod 32 of the top helical anchor located at the bottom is provided with a helical blade 33 and an end head 36, and the top of the pile body connecting rod 32 is provided with a threaded section 34. The bottom of the pile body connecting rod 32 of the adapter helical anchor located in the middle is provided with a helical blade 33 and a hollow interface 35, and the top of the pile body connecting rod 32 is provided with a threaded section 34. The bottom of the pile body connecting rod 32 of the terminal helical anchor is provided with a helical blade 33 and a hollow interface 35, and the top of the pile body connecting rod 32 is provided with a mounting flange 30, which connects to the anchor chain 31.

[0072] The threaded section 34 includes a hollow cylinder formed by a top surface and side walls. The side walls are provided with external threads, and the top surface has a set of arc-shaped wedge-shaped openings. The external threads are used for connection between the terminal chain helical anchor, the transition helical anchor, and the top helical anchor. The two arc-shaped wedge-shaped openings in the set are rotationally symmetrical at 180° and are respectively installed to the two plugs of the helical anchor adapter 29. Specifically, each plug of the helical anchor adapter 29 has a wider head and a narrower neck, with the neck length slightly greater than the thickness of the top surface of the threaded section 34. The arc-shaped wedge-shaped openings are generally arc-shaped, including an open end and a closed end, with a smooth transition between the two. The opening of the open end is larger than the width of the plug head, while the opening of the closed end is smaller than the width of the plug head but larger than the width of the neck.

[0073] The plug of the spiral anchor adapter 29 moves downward along the axial direction. The plug first enters the arc-shaped wedge-shaped opening from the open end, and then the spiral anchor adapter 29 is rotated to screw the plug from the open end into the closed end, so that the head of the plug is locked inside the threaded section 34, thereby achieving a tight connection between the adapter and the spiral anchor. When the spiral anchor adapter 29 screws the plug from the closed end into the open end, the plug of the spiral anchor adapter 29 moves upward along the axial direction, and the plug of the spiral anchor adapter 29 separates from the spiral anchor.

[0074] In addition to the plug and the arc-shaped wedge-shaped opening of the threaded section 34 of the spiral anchor adapter 29, other structural forms that can achieve axial insertion and forward rotation locking as well as reverse rotation unlocking can also be specifically adopted by the spiral anchor adapter 29 of the present invention.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, taking a three-section long connecting rod helical anchor as an example, the installation and recovery process of the helical anchor by the deep-water assembled helical anchor installation and recovery equipment of the present invention is introduced:

[0076] First, the anti-torque mechanism A is lowered: the split-type counterweight box 5 is filled with iron sand and other materials to provide pressure to aid the sinking of the settling tank 8. After the anti-torque mechanism A is hoisted to the sea surface using the first lifting ring 1, the drain valve 7 is opened, and the settling begins under gravity. During the descent from the sea surface to the seabed, water flows smoothly through the drain valve 7 on the settling tank 8. After sinking to the seabed, the drain valve 7 is closed using an underwater robot or an electronic control mechanism. Subsequently, the vacuum pump 6 is used to pump air and water, creating negative pressure inside the settling tank 8. Due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the settling tank 8, the water pressure causes the settling tank 8 to sink into the soil. During the descent of the settling tank 8 into the soil, the blade 9 provides anti-torsional reaction force to increase the torsional resistance of the settling tank 8.

[0077] Next, the installation of the helical anchor begins: The top helical anchor is installed first. The arc-shaped wedge-shaped opening in the threaded section 34 of the top helical anchor is aligned with the helical anchor adapter 29 below the power transmission mechanism. The top helical anchor is then tightened and fixed. The power transmission mechanism B is then hoisted and lowered using the second lifting ring 17. During the lowering process, the adjustable positioning pins 25 on the lifting platform fixing plate 24 are aligned one by one with the docking holes 3 on the docking top plate 2 of the torque-resisting mechanism A. The adjustable positioning pins 25 pass through the docking holes 3, and after the docking top plate 2 of the torque-resisting mechanism A and the lifting platform fixing plate 24 of the power transmission mechanism B are in contact, the adjustable positioning pins 25 are rotated and locked by an underwater robot or electronic control mechanism to connect and fix the torque-resisting mechanism A and the power transmission mechanism B. This ensures that the torsional resistance provided by the torque-resisting mechanism A is transmitted to the power transmission mechanism B. At this point, the top helical anchor reaches the soil surface. The lifting motor 12 and the rotary motor 11 of the power transmission mechanism B are started. The lifting screw 20 moves relative to the fixed plate 24 of the lifting platform, providing downward pressure. The rotary shaft 21 provides the torque for the installation of the helical anchor. Under the action of pressure and torque, the helical anchor is installed vertically to the specified depth, so that the top helical anchor can be installed smoothly.

[0078] After the top helical anchor is installed, the rotary motor 11 provides reverse torque to separate the top helical anchor from the power transmission mechanism B. The adjustable positioning pin 25 is opened, and under the rapid reset action of the lifting screw 20, the power transmission mechanism B is lifted and separated from the torque-resisting mechanism A. The power transmission mechanism B is then hoisted up via the second lifting ring 17, and the second section of the transition helical anchor is installed. The installation process of the top helical anchor is repeated, with each anchor section connected by a threaded section 34, until the installation of the terminal chain helical anchor is completed. Thus, the installation of the long connecting rod helical anchor is achieved.

[0079] After the long connecting rod spiral anchor at the same location is installed as a whole, the power transmission mechanism B is lifted back to the workboat. Water and air are pumped into the settling tank 8 through the vacuum pump 6 to pressurize it until the anti-torque mechanism A is lifted. The anti-torque mechanism is then lifted by the crane to complete the recovery of the installation equipment, which is then taken by the workboat to the next installation point to continue the work.

[0080] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many specific modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and these modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device, characterized in that, This includes torque-resisting mechanisms and power transmission mechanisms; The torque-resisting mechanism includes multiple settling tanks, each settling tank having a vacuum pump and a drain valve on its top cover; adjacent settling tanks are connected by a connecting beam, and a split counterweight box is mounted on the connecting beam; the settling tanks are used to sink the torque-resisting mechanism into the soil and fix its installation position; each settling tank has several blades arranged on its outer wall, and the blades are used to resist torque. A docking top plate is provided directly above the plurality of settling tanks, and each settling tank is connected to the docking top plate by an inclined support; the docking top plate is provided with a first component of a locking mechanism; The power transmission mechanism includes a rotary motor and two lifting motors arranged in a straight line, with the two lifting motors located on both sides of the rotary motor; the rotary motor is connected to a rotary reducer located below it, and the lifting motor is connected to the lifting reducer located below it. Both the rotary reducer and the lifting reducer are fixed on the lifting top plate, and the lifting top plate supports the rotary motor, the lifting motor, the rotary reducer, and the lifting reducer. The lifting reducer is connected to the lifting screw, and the rotary reducer is connected to the rotary shaft; The bottom of the rotating shaft and the bottom of the lifting screw are both connected to the lifting base plate; the top and bottom of the lifting screw are respectively connected to the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate via lifting screw support seats, and the lifting screw support seats are respectively fixed to the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate, allowing the lifting screw to rotate relative to the lifting screw support seats without axial displacement; the top and bottom of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate via rotating shaft support seats, and the rotating shaft support seats are respectively fixed to the lifting top plate and the lifting base plate, allowing the rotating shaft to rotate relative to the rotating shaft support seats without axial displacement. A lifting platform fixing plate is provided between the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate. The lifting platform fixing plate has a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through, and a screw nut for engaging the lifting screw is fixed thereon. The screw nut and the lifting screw form a rotating screw pair. The lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate are supported by a number of lifting guide columns. The lifting guide columns pass through the lifting platform fixing plate and are connected to the lifting platform fixing plate through lifting guide sleeves, so that the lifting guide columns can move vertically relative to the lifting platform fixing plate. The lifting platform fixing plate is provided with a second locking mechanism component, which is used to dock and fix with the first locking mechanism component to achieve a torque-resistant connection between the docking top plate and the lifting platform fixing plate. After the docking top plate is connected to the lifting platform fixed plate: when the lifting motor drives the lifting screw to rotate forward, the rotational movement of the lifting screw relative to the screw nut generates pressure that is transmitted to the lifting base plate, causing the lifting base plate to descend relative to the lifting platform fixed plate under pressure; when the lifting motor is not rotating, the lifting screw can automatically lock relative to the screw nut to fix the position of the lifting base plate; when the lifting motor reverses, the lifting motor stops applying pressure, and all other components of the power transmission mechanism except the lifting platform fixed plate rise and reset relative to the lifting platform fixed plate. The bottom end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating shaft support and is connected to the spiral anchor adapter. The rotating shaft drives the spiral anchor adapter to rotate. The spiral anchor adapter is located below the lifting base plate. The spiral anchor adapter can be axially inserted into the spiral anchor, locked with the spiral anchor by forward rotation, and unlocked with the spiral anchor by reverse rotation.

2. The deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settling tanks are evenly distributed in a circumferential manner on a horizontal plane, and there is a gap between adjacent settling tanks; a number of blades are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the settling tanks, and each blade extends axially along the settling tank in the vertical direction and radially along the settling tank in the horizontal direction.

3. The deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting beam is arranged along the radial direction of two adjacent settling tanks, and the end of the connecting beam is fixed to the top of the side wall of the settling tank.

4. The deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The docking top plate is a circular annular plate with a notch, which allows the helical anchor to enter the space between the multiple settling tanks; the vertical distance between the docking top plate and the settling tank is greater than the total length of the helical anchor; all diagonal supports have the same length and inclination angle.

5. A deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The split-type counterweight box is equipped with a top cover, which is sealed and tightly fitted to the box before being submerged; the split-type counterweight box has compartments inside to achieve uniform loading.

6. The deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting guide column is fixedly connected to the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate respectively to keep the distance between the lifting guide column and the lifting top plate constant; the lifting guide column is evenly distributed relative to the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate respectively.

7. A deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary motor, the lifting motor, the rotary reducer, and the lifting reducer are all protected by a waterproof motor cover, which is fixed to the lifting top plate. A bellows cover is installed between the lifting top plate and the lifting platform fixing plate, and between the lifting platform fixing plate and the lifting bottom plate. The two bellows covers are used to cover the rotary shaft, the lifting screw, the rotary shaft support, the lifting screw support, the lifting guide column, and the lifting guide sleeve.

8. A deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the docking top plate is provided with a first lifting ring; the top surface of the lifting top plate is provided with a second lifting ring.

9. A deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first component of the locking mechanism is a docking hole, and a plurality of the docking holes extend vertically through the docking top plate; the second component of the locking mechanism is an adjustable positioning pin, and a plurality of the adjustable positioning pins are disposed at the bottom of the lifting platform fixing plate; the position and structure of the adjustable positioning pins match the docking holes, and the adjustable positioning pins can be inserted into the docking holes one by one and locked after being inserted into the docking holes.

10. A deep-water prefabricated spiral anchor installation and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The helical anchor adapter has two plugs, each with a wider head and a narrower neck; the two plugs are designed to mate with the two arc-shaped wedge-shaped openings of the helical anchor. The two arc-shaped wedge openings are symmetrically distributed at 180° rotation; each arc-shaped wedge opening is arc-shaped in whole, including an open end and a closed end, and the open end and the closed end are smoothly transitioned; the opening of the open end is larger than the width of the plug head, and the opening of the closed end is smaller than the width of the plug head but larger than the width of the neck. The spiral anchor adapter and spiral anchor locking process are as follows: the plug of the spiral anchor adapter moves axially toward the direction close to the arc-shaped wedge opening, so that the plug enters the arc-shaped wedge opening from the open end, and then the plug is screwed into the closed end from the open end by rotation. The process of unlocking the spiral anchor adapter and the spiral anchor is as follows: by rotating, the plug is screwed from the closed end into the open end, and the plug of the spiral anchor adapter moves axially away from the arc-shaped wedge opening, so that the plug is disengaged from the arc-shaped wedge opening from the open end.

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