Device and method for testing bending endurance of automobile transmission shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile transmission shaft bending endurance test device and test method, and relates to the technical field of automobile part performance test. The device comprises a test bench, the upper part of the test bench is provided with a test mechanism, the test mechanism is used for checking the durability of the transmission shaft, the test mechanism comprises an execution assembly, the execution assembly comprises a to-be-tested transmission shaft arranged in the middle of the test bench, and the two ends of the to-be-tested transmission shaft are provided with driving parts used for testing the to-be-tested transmission shaft; according to the invention, the execution motor and the driving motor cooperate to synchronously apply rotation and alternating bending loads, and the worm gear, the worm and the connecting rod mechanism drive the turntable to eccentrically rotate, so that composite working conditions such as ridge crossing and potholes are truly simulated, the accuracy and reliability of a durability test are improved, and the rotation of the adjusting screw rod can change the included angle of the connecting rod to adjust the bending amplitude. And meanwhile, the motor is adjusted to drive the moving table to automatically adjust the distance, transmission shafts with different lengths are quickly adapted, and the test accuracy and efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive component performance testing technology, specifically to a device and method for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of the vehicle's power transmission system, the driveshaft plays a crucial role in transmitting engine torque to the drive wheels. Its working condition directly determines the vehicle's safety, reliability, and power efficiency. In actual driving conditions, the driveshaft not only has to withstand the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation, but also has to cope with alternating bending loads caused by road bumps and steering operations. After long-term service, it is prone to fatigue cracks, permanent deformation, or even fracture failure.

[0003] Reference patent document: Patent Publication No. CN112683529B, Patent Publication Date 2023-03-31, particularly relating to an automotive driveshaft bending durability testing device and method. The designed automotive driveshaft bending durability testing method includes the following steps: S1: assembling the automotive driveshaft bending durability testing device; S2: eliminating the initial imbalance of the driveshaft under test; S3: installing the maximum allowable dynamic imbalance counterweight on the automotive driveshaft; S4: conducting a durability test at the highest speed that the vehicle can reach when driving on a flat road. First, the initial imbalance of the driveshaft under test is eliminated, and then the maximum allowable dynamic imbalance is applied to the driveshaft under test to verify the influence of the bending torsional torque generated by the driveshaft at the maximum allowable dynamic imbalance on the transmission system. The design concept is rigorous, the data is scientific and reliable, and it has the characteristics of short test cycle and low test cost.

[0004] Based on the search of patent numbers and the shortcomings of existing technologies, the following was found: Existing driveshaft bending durability testing devices lack the realism of simulating operating conditions. Most devices can only apply rotational or bending loads individually, making it difficult to reproduce the actual operating conditions of simultaneous rotation and alternating bending. Furthermore, the bending amplitude is difficult to adjust, making it impossible to quickly adapt to the testing needs of different vehicle models and road conditions. In addition, the clamping and loading / unloading efficiency is low. Traditional devices often rely on manual connection and fixation of the two ends of the driveshaft through flanges, which is not only labor-intensive but also prone to affecting test accuracy due to clamping coaxiality deviations. Moreover, the lack of automated unloading and transfer equipment makes it difficult to meet the continuous testing requirements of rapid loading and unloading in batch durability testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of existing drive shaft bending durability testing devices, such as insufficient simulation of working conditions, difficulty in simultaneously applying rotational and bending loads and adjustment difficulties, low clamping and loading efficiency, and inability to meet the needs of batch testing, the present invention aims to provide a drive shaft bending durability testing device and testing method for automobiles.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts, comprising a test bench, wherein a testing mechanism is provided on the upper part of the test bench for checking the durability of the drive shaft, the testing mechanism comprising: The execution component includes a transmission shaft to be tested located in the middle of the test bench. Both ends of the transmission shaft to be tested are provided with drive components for testing it. The ends of the drive components are equipped with mounting components for quick fixation of the ends of the transmission shaft to be tested. The loading and unloading assembly is located on the upper side of the test bench, which is used to facilitate the loading and unloading of the drive shaft to be tested quickly; The protective components, located on the upper part of the test bench, are used to isolate the test area during testing.

[0007] Preferably, the driving component includes a first moving stage disposed on one side of the top of the test bench, an actuator motor is fixedly installed on the top of the first moving stage, a torque sensor is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the first moving stage, the actuator motor and the torque sensor are connected by a coupling, and the transmission shaft to be tested is fixedly connected to the driving end of the torque sensor by a flange. A second movable stage is installed on the other side of the top of the test bench. A mounting cover is fixedly installed on the top of the second movable stage. A worm gear is rotatably installed on the lower part of the mounting cover. A drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the mounting cover. The drive motor and the worm gear are connected by a transmission belt. A worm wheel that meshes with the worm gear is rotatably installed on the upper part of the mounting cover. A drive connecting rod is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of the worm wheel. A transmission connecting rod is rotatably installed on the other end of the drive connecting rod. A turntable is fixedly installed on the transmission connecting rod. An adjusting screw is rotatably installed on one end of the upper part of the drive connecting rod. The lower thread of the adjusting screw is installed in the middle of one end of the transmission connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting component includes a bearing fixedly mounted on one side of the center of the turntable, a clamping plate fixedly mounted on the center of the bearing, a stepper motor fixedly mounted on the center of the clamping plate, a first gear rotatably mounted on the center of the clamping plate, a drive end of the stepper motor fixedly mounted on one side of the first gear, three first gear plates meshing with the first gear slidably mounted on one side of the clamping plate, three sliding blocks cooperating with the first gear plates slidably mounted on one side of the clamping plate, a clamping block fixedly mounted on one end of each of the three sliding blocks, and the other end of the transmission shaft to be tested cooperating and fixed with the clamping block.

[0009] Preferably, the loading and unloading assembly includes a gantry frame fixedly installed on one side of the test bench. Two symmetrically distributed guide rails are fixedly installed on the upper part of the gantry frame. Two sliding plates are slidably installed on one side of the two guide rails. A driver is provided on one side of each of the two sliding plates. Slide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the two drivers. Multiple slide rails are slidably locked in the middle of the sliding plates. Two symmetrically distributed adjusting cylinders are fixedly installed on one side of each of the two sliding plates. The driving end of the adjusting cylinder is installed on the upper part of the driver. A servo motor is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two sliding plates. A second gear is fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the two servo motors. A second gear plate is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the gantry frame. The two second gears are meshed with the second gear plate. A gripper is fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the two drivers. A conveyor belt is provided on one side of the test bench. The upper part of the test bench has two support platforms that are slidably installed. Each support platform has a set of lifting cylinders fixedly installed at its top, and each lifting cylinder has a lifting platform fixedly installed at its drive end.

[0010] Preferably, the protective assembly includes two protective covers disposed on the upper part of the test bench. Each of the two protective covers has two symmetrically distributed fixing nails slidably attached to its lower part. The upper part of the test bench has multiple fixing holes that cooperate with the fixing nails. Two symmetrically distributed mounting brackets are fixedly installed in the middle of the protective covers. An industrial camera can be detachably installed on one side of each mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the top center of the test bench has two symmetrically distributed guide grooves, and the lower parts of the first and second moving stages are slidably locked in the center of the guide grooves.

[0012] Preferably, two symmetrically distributed adjusting motors are fixedly installed at the lower part of the test bench, and two symmetrically distributed drive screws are rotatably installed in the middle of the test bench. Both drive screws are connected to the adjusting motors via synchronous belt transmission, and the middle parts of the second moving stage and the first moving stage are threadedly installed in the middle of the drive screws.

[0013] Preferably, the lower part of each of the two support platforms is slidably fitted with four evenly distributed pins, and the top of the test platform is provided with two sets of pin holes that cooperate with the pins.

[0014] Preferably, the upper part of the test bench has two symmetrically distributed sliding grooves, and the lower parts of the two protective covers are slidably locked in the middle of the sliding grooves.

[0015] A test method for a bending durability testing device for automotive drive shafts includes the following steps: S1: The staff fixes both ends of the drive shaft to be tested to the mounting components using flanges; S2: The drive component drives the transmission shaft under test to rotate and swing, and its durability is tested. During the durability test, the test area is isolated from the external environment by the protective component. S3: After the inspection is completed, it can be removed and collected through the loading and unloading components.

[0016] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This application achieves the synchronous application of rotational motion and alternating bending load on the transmission shaft through the coordinated operation of the actuator motor and the drive motor. The actuator motor drives the transmission shaft under test to rotate, providing a stable rotational driving force. At the same time, the drive motor drives the worm gear and worm wheel to rotate, causing the transmission connecting rod to drive the turntable to perform eccentric rotational motion. This causes the transmission shaft under test to produce alternating bending under universal joint adjustment, realistically simulating the combined working conditions caused by a car driving over bumps and potholes, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of durability testing. Furthermore, by rotating the adjusting screw, the angle between the active connecting rod and the transmission connecting rod can be changed, thereby adjusting the eccentricity of the turntable and realizing the adjustment of the bending swing amplitude to meet the testing needs of different vehicle models and different road conditions. Moreover, the distance between the first and second moving stages can be automatically adjusted by adjusting the drive screw driven by the motor, which can quickly adapt to transmission shafts of different lengths and specifications, improving testing efficiency.

[0017] 2. This application uses a lifting platform to provide auxiliary support and centering for the transmission shaft under test. After clamping, it automatically descends. After the test is completed, the sliding plate is driven to move horizontally by a servo motor, and the cylinder is adjusted to drive the gripper to lift and grab the transmission shaft. The shaft is then automatically transported to a designated area by a conveyor belt, which reduces labor intensity, improves test continuity and production efficiency, and is suitable for batch testing scenarios.

[0018] 3. This application can be smoothly pushed and pulled along the slide by the protective cover and locked by the fixing nail to ensure that it is stable and does not shift during the test. The industrial camera on the mounting frame captures and monitors the deformation and crack initiation process of the universal joint of the transmission shaft under test in real time. The operator can observe the test status in a safe area, providing a reliable basis for fatigue failure analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the execution component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive screw structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mounting cover of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the turntable and bearing are separated in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting component structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first toothed plate and the sliding block in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the support platform and the lifting platform are separated in this invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading assembly structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the regulating cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Test bench; 2. Testing mechanism; 21. Actuating component; 211. First moving stage; 2111. Actuating motor; 2112. Torque sensor; 212. Drive shaft under test; 213. Second moving stage; 214. Mounting cover; 2141. Drive motor; 2142. Worm gear; 2143. Worm wheel; 2144. Active connecting rod; 2145. Transmission connecting rod; 2146. Adjusting screw; 215. Turntable; 2151. Bearing; 216. Clamping plate; 2161. Stepper motor; 2162. First gear; 2163. First gear plate; 2164. Sliding block; 2165. Clamping block; 217. Mounting bracket; 2 171. Industrial camera; 218. Guide groove; 219. Adjusting motor; 2191. Drive screw; 22. Loading / unloading assembly; 221. Gantry frame; 222. Sliding plate; 2221. Guide rail; 223. Adjusting cylinder; 224. Driver; 2241. Slide rail; 225. Gripper; 226. No. 2 gear plate; 2261. Servo motor; 2262. No. 2 gear; 227. Conveyor belt; 228. Support platform; 2281. Lifting cylinder; 2282. Lifting platform; 229. Pin; 2291. Pin hole; 23. Protective assembly; 231. Protective cover; 232. Fixing pin; 233. Fixing hole; 234. Slide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example: Figure 1-11 As shown, this invention provides a device for testing the bending durability of automotive driveshafts, including a test bench 1. The test bench 1 has a rectangular pedestal structure, welded from structural steel, and possesses sufficient structural strength and stability to provide a stable support foundation for the entire test device. A testing mechanism 2 is provided on the upper part of the test bench 1 for checking the durability of the driveshaft. The testing mechanism 2 includes: The execution component 21 includes a drive shaft 212 to be tested, which is located in the middle of the test bench 1. Both ends of the drive shaft 212 to be tested are provided with drive components for testing it. The drive components can simultaneously provide the drive shaft 212 to be tested with rotational driving force and alternating bending and swinging load to simulate real vehicle driving conditions. The end of the drive component is equipped with a mounting component for quick fixing of the end of the drive shaft 212 to be tested. The loading and unloading assembly 22 is set on the upper side of the test bench 1 to facilitate the loading and unloading of the transmission shaft 212 under test, thereby reducing the intensity of manual labor and improving the continuity and automation of the test. The protective component 23 is installed on the upper part of the test bench 1 to isolate the test area during testing, prevent workpiece breakage and splashing that could cause safety hazards, and can also monitor the operating status of key parts of the transmission shaft in real time.

[0033] The driving components include a first moving stage 211 located on one side of the top of the test bench 1. An actuator 2111 is fixedly installed on the top of the first moving stage 211. The actuator 2111 is a Y132M-4 three-phase asynchronous motor, which is used to provide a continuous and stable rotational driving force for the transmission shaft 212 under test. A torque sensor 2112 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the first moving stage 211. The torque sensor 2112 is a JN338 type dynamic torque sensor, which can collect the torque change of the transmission shaft in real time and feed it back to the control system. The actuator 2111 and the torque sensor 2112 are connected by a coupling. The coupling is a flexible pin type, which can buffer the transmission impact. The drive end of the transmission shaft 212 under test and the torque sensor 2112 are fixedly connected by a flange. A second movable stage 213 is installed on the other side of the top of the test bench 1. A mounting cover 214 is fixedly installed on the top of the second movable stage 213. A worm gear 2142 is rotatably installed on the lower part of the mounting cover 214. A drive motor 2141 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the mounting cover 214. The drive motor 2141 and the worm gear 2142 are connected by a transmission belt. A worm wheel 2143 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the mounting cover 214, meshing with the worm gear 2142. The worm wheel 2143 and the worm gear 2142 form a reduction and self-locking mechanism, which is stable in operation and has a strong load capacity. An active connecting rod 2144 is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of the worm wheel 2143. The other end of the active connecting rod 2144 is rotatably connected to a transmission connecting rod. 2145, a turntable 215 is fixedly mounted on the transmission connecting rod 2145. The driving connecting rod 2144 and the transmission connecting rod 2145 form an eccentric swing mechanism, which drives the turntable 215 to perform eccentric rotational motion, thereby generating an alternating bending load on the transmission shaft 212 under test. An adjusting screw 2146 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the driving connecting rod 2144. The lower thread of the adjusting screw 2146 is installed in the middle of one end of the transmission connecting rod 2145. By rotating the adjusting screw 2146, the included angle between the driving connecting rod 2144 and the transmission connecting rod 2145 can be changed, thereby adjusting the eccentricity of the turntable 215, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the swing amplitude of the transmission shaft 212 under test to adapt to different test conditions.

[0034] The mounting components include a bearing 2151 fixedly mounted on one side of the center of the turntable 215. The bearing 2151 is a 6218 type deep groove ball bearing, capable of withstanding large radial loads and ensuring the free rotation of the clamping disc 216 without interfering with the normal rotation of the drive shaft. The clamping disc 216 is fixedly mounted in the center of the bearing 2151. The clamping disc 216 has a disc-shaped structure with an internal clamping transmission structure for automatic centering and clamping of the drive shaft end. A stepper motor 2161 is fixedly mounted in the center of the clamping disc 216. A first gear 2162 is rotatably mounted in the center of the clamping disc 216. One side of the first gear 2162 is fixedly mounted on the drive end of the stepper motor 2161. Three first gear plates 2163 are slidably mounted on one side of the clamping disc 216, meshing with the first gear 2162. The stepper motor 2161 directly drives the first gear 2162 to rotate, which can simultaneously drive the three first gear plates 2163 to move radially in sync. Three sliding blocks 2164 that cooperate with the first gear plates 2163 are slidably installed on one side of the clamping disk 216. A clamping block 2165 is fixedly installed on one end of each of the three sliding blocks 2164. The other end of the transmission shaft 212 to be tested cooperates with and is fixed to the clamping block 2165. The first gear plate 2163 and the sliding block 2164 cooperate through the inclined groove and inclined surface, so that the radial movement of the gear plate is converted into the centripetal clamping movement of the sliding block 2164. The clamping block 2165 is provided with anti-slip teeth on the inner side to improve the clamping reliability. Thus, under the synchronous centripetal movement of the three jaws, automatic centering, rapid clamping and release can be achieved, effectively improving the clamping efficiency and test accuracy.

[0035] The loading and unloading assembly 22 includes a gantry frame 221 fixedly installed on one side of the test bench 1. The gantry frame 221 is a portal steel frame structure with high strength and good stability, used to support the entire automatic loading and unloading mechanism. Two symmetrically distributed guide rails 2221 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the gantry frame 221. Two sliding plates 222 are slidably installed on one side of the two guide rails 2221. The guide rails 2221 are HGW25CA high-precision linear guide rails with low friction and smooth movement. The sliding plates 222 can move horizontally back and forth along the guide rails 2221. A driver 224 is provided on one side of each of the two sliding plates 222. Slide rails 2241 are fixedly installed on both sides of each of the two drivers 224. Multiple slide rails 2241 are slidably locked in the middle of the sliding plates 222. The slide rails 2241 are MGN12 miniature slide rails, used to ensure smooth vertical lifting and lowering of the drivers 224. Two symmetrically distributed adjusting cylinders 223 are fixedly installed on one side of the moving plate 222. The driving end of the adjusting cylinder 223 is installed on the upper part of the driver 224. The adjusting cylinder 223 adopts the SC63×100 standard cylinder and is used to drive the driver 224 to move up and down to adjust the clamping height. A servo motor 2261 is fixedly installed on one side of the two sliding plates 222. The driving end of the two servo motors 2261 is fixedly installed with the second gear 2262. A second gear plate 226 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the gantry 221. The two second gears 2262 are meshed with the second gear plate 226. The driving end of the two drivers 224 is fixedly installed with the gripper 225. A conveyor belt 227 is set on one side of the test bench 1. The conveyor belt 227 is used to automatically transport the completed transmission shaft to the designated area to realize automated unloading. Two support platforms 228 are slidably installed on the upper part of the test bench 1. A set of lifting cylinders 2281 is fixedly installed on the top of each of the two support platforms 228. A lifting platform 2282 is fixedly installed on the drive end of each of the two sets of lifting cylinders 2281. The upper part of the lifting platform 2282 is provided with a V-shaped positioning groove for supporting the transmission shaft 212 to be tested, so as to achieve auxiliary support, precise centering and height adjustment during material feeding, reduce the difficulty of manual installation, and can be lowered and retracted after installation without interfering with the rotation and swing of the transmission shaft.

[0036] The protective assembly 23 includes two protective covers 231 set on the upper part of the test bench 1. The lower part of each of the two protective covers 231 is slidably fitted with two symmetrically distributed fixing nails 232. The upper side of the test bench 1 has multiple fixing holes 233 that cooperate with the fixing nails 232. The fixing nails 232 and fixing holes 233 can lock the protective cover 231 in a designated position to prevent accidental displacement during the test. Two symmetrically distributed mounting brackets 217 are fixedly installed in the middle of the protective cover 231. An industrial camera 2171 can be detachably installed on one side of each of the two mounting brackets 217. The mounting brackets 217 are adjustable brackets. The industrial camera 2171 installed at the end of the bracket is an Ethernet camera, which is used to capture and monitor the deformation, cracks and operating status of the universal joint of the drive shaft 212 under test in real time, so as to realize the visualization of the test process and data retention.

[0037] Two symmetrically distributed guide grooves 218 are provided at the top center of the test bench 1. The lower parts of the first moving stage 211 and the second moving stage 213 are slidably locked in the middle of the guide grooves 218 to ensure that the first moving stage 211 and the second moving stage 213 have high straightness and no deviation when moving horizontally.

[0038] Two symmetrically distributed adjusting motors 219 are fixedly installed on the lower part of the test bench 1. Two symmetrically distributed drive screws 2191 are rotatably installed in the middle of the test bench 1. Both drive screws 2191 are connected to the adjusting motors 219 via synchronous belt transmission. The middle parts of the second moving stage 213 and the first moving stage 211 are threaded onto the middle of the drive screws 2191. By rotating the adjusting motors 219, the drive screws 2191 can be rotated, thereby driving the first moving stage 211 and the second moving stage 213 to move towards or away from each other along the guide groove 218, realizing the automatic adjustment of the distance between the two moving stages to adapt to the transmission shafts 212 of different lengths.

[0039] The lower part of each of the two support platforms 228 is equipped with four evenly distributed pins 229. The top of the test platform 1 is provided with two sets of pin holes 2291 that cooperate with the pins 229. The pins 229 and pin holes 2291 are inserted and engaged, which can quickly position and fix the position of the support platform 228, prevent the support platform 228 from sliding during the lifting process, and improve the stability of the feeding.

[0040] The upper part of the test bench 1 has two symmetrically distributed sliding grooves 234. The lower parts of the two protective covers 231 are slidably locked in the middle of the sliding grooves 234. The sliding grooves 234 are T-shaped grooves, which allow the protective covers 231 to be smoothly pushed and pulled open and closed along the sliding grooves 234. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0041] A test method for a bending durability testing device for automotive drive shafts includes the following steps: S1: According to the length of the transmission shaft 212 to be tested, the staff adjusts the distance between the first moving platform 211 and the second moving platform 213 by adjusting the drive screw 2191 driven by the motor 219. The transmission shaft 212 to be tested is placed on the lifting platform 2282 and lifted to a suitable installation height by the lifting cylinder 2281 to achieve auxiliary positioning and support. Then, the two ends of the transmission shaft 212 to be tested are quickly clamped and fixed to the mounting components by flanges. After clamping, the lifting platform 2282 is lowered and disengaged from the transmission shaft. S2: Close the protective cover 231 and lock it with the fixing nail 232 to form a closed safety test area. Start the drive component. The actuator motor 2111 drives the transmission shaft 212 under test to rotate. The drive motor 2141 drives the transmission shaft to make eccentric swing through the worm gear 2143, worm 2142 and connecting rod to simulate the alternating bending load brought by the car driving over bumps and potholes to carry out the durability test. During the test, the torque sensor 2112 collects torque data in real time, and the industrial camera 2171 monitors the universal joint operation status in real time to realize data detection. S3: After the test is completed, stop all drive mechanisms and release the fixing at both ends of the drive shaft. At this time, the drive shaft falls into the upper part of the lifting platform 2282. Open the protective cover 231 and automatically grab the drive shaft after the test by the gripper 225 of the loading and unloading assembly 22. The material is then transported and collected by the conveyor belt 227 to complete the entire test process.

[0042] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] During operation, firstly, based on the length specifications of the drive shaft 212 to be tested, the distance between the first moving stage 211 and the second moving stage 213 on the guide groove 218 is precisely adjusted by rotating the drive screw 2191 driven by the motor 219, according to the length specifications of the drive shaft 212 to be tested, so that it matches the length of the drive shaft 212 to be tested. The operator places the drive shaft 212 to be tested on the lifting platform 2282 of the two support platforms 228. The V-shaped positioning groove on the upper part of the lifting platform 2282 plays a role in auxiliary support and initial centering. The drive shaft is lifted to the height aligned with the mounting components at both ends by the lifting cylinder 2281. Subsequently... The mounting component at one end of the actuator 2111 is fixedly connected to the output end of the torque sensor 2112 via a flange. In the mounting component at the other end, the stepper motor 2161 drives the first gear 2162 to rotate, which drives the three first gear plates 2163 to move radially in sync. Through the engagement of the first gear plate 2163 with the inclined surface of the sliding block 2164, the radial motion is converted into the centripetal clamping motion of the sliding block 2164, so that the clamping block 2165 automatically centers and clamps the end of the transmission shaft 212 to be tested. After clamping, the lifting platform 2282 descends and disengages from the transmission shaft to avoid interfering with subsequent movements. At this time, the protective cover 231 is pushed into the test area along the slide groove 234, and the protective cover 231 is locked by inserting the fixing nail 232 into the fixing hole 233 to form a closed safety isolation space. The drive component is started, and the motor 2111 drives the transmission shaft 212 under test to rotate through the coupling, providing a stable rotational driving force. Simultaneously, the drive motor 2141 drives the worm 2142 to rotate via the transmission belt. The worm 2142 drives the worm wheel 2143 to decelerate and rotate, causing the active connecting rod 2144 to swing. The active connecting rod 2144 drives the turntable 215 to perform eccentric rotation through the transmission connecting rod 2145, thereby simulating the alternating bending load caused by the car driving over bumps and potholes. By rotating the adjusting screw 2146, the angle between the active connecting rod 2144 and the transmission connecting rod 2145 can be changed, and the eccentricity of the turntable 215 can be adjusted to achieve precise adjustment of the bending swing amplitude to adapt to different test conditions. Throughout the durability test, the torque sensor 2112 collects the torque change data of the drive shaft in real time and feeds it back to the control system. The industrial camera 2171 on the mounting bracket 217 captures and monitors the deformation, cracks and operating status of the universal joint of the drive shaft 212 under test in real time, realizing the visualization and data recording of the test process. After the durability test is completed, all drive mechanisms are stopped, and the clamping block 2165 is released from the end of the drive shaft by the reverse rotation of the stepper motor 2161. At the same time, the flange connection is released, and the drive shaft that has completed the test falls onto the lifting platform 2282. Open the protective cover 231, and the gantry 221 moves vertically so that its gripper 225 is located above the drive shaft. The servo motor 2261 drives the second gear 2262 to move along the second gear plate 226, which in turn drives the sliding plate 222 to move horizontally along the guide rail 2221 to above the drive shaft. The adjusting cylinder 223 drives the driver 224 to descend along the slide rail 2241 to the gripping height. The gripper 225 automatically grips the drive shaft. After the driver 224 is lifted, the gantry 221 moves to above the conveyor belt 227. The gripper 225 releases and places the drive shaft on the conveyor belt 227, which automatically transports it to the designated collection area, completing the automated unloading of the entire test process.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts, comprising a test bench (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the test bench (1) is provided with a test mechanism (2) for checking the durability of the transmission shaft. The test mechanism (2) includes: The execution component (21) includes a transmission shaft (212) to be tested located in the middle of the test bench (1). Both ends of the transmission shaft (212) to be tested are provided with drive components for testing it. The end of the drive component is equipped with a mounting component for quickly fixing the end of the transmission shaft (212) to be tested. The loading and unloading assembly (22) is set on the upper side of the test bench (1) for convenient and quick loading and unloading of the drive shaft (212) to be tested; The protective component (23) is located on the upper part of the test bench (1) and is used to isolate the test area during testing.

2. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component includes a first moving stage (211) set on one side of the top of the test bench (1). An actuator motor (2111) is fixedly installed on the top of the first moving stage (211). A torque sensor (2112) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the first moving stage (211). The actuator motor (2111) and the torque sensor (2112) are connected by a coupling. The drive shaft (212) to be tested and the drive end of the torque sensor (2112) are fixedly connected by a flange. A second movable stage (213) is installed on the other side of the top of the test bench (1). A mounting cover (214) is fixedly installed on the top of the second movable stage (213). A worm gear (2142) is rotatably installed on the lower part of the mounting cover (214). A drive motor (2141) is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the mounting cover (214). The drive motor (2141) and the worm gear (2142) are connected by a transmission belt. A device is rotatably installed on the upper part of the mounting cover (214) and connected to the worm gear (2142). A worm gear (2143) is meshed with the worm gear (2143). A drive link (2144) is fixedly installed at the middle of one end of the worm gear (2143). A transmission link (2145) is rotatably installed at the other end of the drive link (2144). A turntable (215) is fixedly installed on the transmission link (2145). An adjusting screw (2146) is rotatably installed at the upper end of the drive link (2144). The lower thread of the adjusting screw (2146) is installed at the middle of one end of the transmission link (2145).

3. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting components include a bearing (2151) fixedly mounted on one side of the center of a turntable (215), a clamping plate (216) fixedly mounted on the center of the bearing (2151), a stepper motor (2161) fixedly mounted on the center of the clamping plate (216), a first gear (2162) rotatably mounted on the center of the clamping plate (216), and one side of the first gear (2162) fixedly mounted on the drive end of the stepper motor (2161). Three gear plates (2163) that mesh with the first gear (2162) are slidably mounted on one side of the holding plate (216). Three sliding blocks (2164) that cooperate with the first gear plates (2163) are slidably mounted on one side of the holding plate (2166). A clamping block (2165) is fixedly mounted on one end of each of the three sliding blocks (2164). The other end of the transmission shaft (212) to be tested is fixedly engaged with the clamping block (2165).

4. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading and unloading assembly (22) includes a gantry frame (221) fixedly installed on one side of the test bench (1). Two symmetrically distributed guide rails (2221) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the gantry frame (221). Two sliding plates (222) are slidably installed on one side of the two guide rails (2221). A driver (224) is provided on one side of each of the two sliding plates (222). Slide rails (2241) are fixedly installed on both sides of each of the two drivers (224). Multiple slide rails (2241) are slidably locked in the middle of the sliding plates (222). Two symmetrically distributed adjustment levers are fixedly installed on one side of each of the two sliding plates (222). The cylinder (223) is installed on the upper part of the driver (224). A servo motor (2261) is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two sliding plates (222). A second gear (2262) is fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the two servo motors (2261). A second gear plate (226) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the gantry (221). The two second gears (2262) are meshed with the second gear plate (226). A gripper (225) is fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the two drivers (224). A conveyor belt (227) is provided on one side of the test bench (1). The test bench (1) has two support platforms (228) slidably installed on its upper part. A set of lifting cylinders (2281) is fixedly installed on the top of each of the two support platforms (228), and a lifting platform (2282) is fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the two sets of lifting cylinders (2281).

5. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective assembly (23) includes two protective covers (231) disposed on the upper part of the test bench (1). Two symmetrically distributed fixing nails (232) are slidably attached to the lower part of each of the two protective covers (231). Multiple fixing holes (233) that cooperate with the fixing nails (232) are opened on one side of the upper part of the test bench (1). Two symmetrically distributed mounting brackets (217) are fixedly installed in the middle of the protective cover (231). An industrial camera (2171) can be detachably installed on one side of each of the two mounting brackets (217).

6. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The test bench (1) has two symmetrically distributed guide grooves (218) at the top center. The lower parts of the first moving stage (211) and the second moving stage (213) are slidably locked in the middle of the guide grooves (218).

7. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower part of the test bench (1) is fixedly equipped with two symmetrically distributed adjustment motors (219), and the middle part of the test bench (1) is rotatably equipped with two symmetrically distributed drive screws (2191). Both drive screws (2191) are connected to the adjustment motors (219) via synchronous belt transmission. The middle parts of the second moving stage (213) and the first moving stage (211) are threadedly installed in the middle of the drive screws (2191).

8. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The lower part of each of the two support platforms (228) is slidably fitted with four evenly distributed pins (229), and the top of the test platform (1) is provided with two sets of pin holes (2291) that cooperate with the pins (229).

9. The device for testing the bending durability of automotive drive shafts as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper part of the test bench (1) has two symmetrically distributed slide grooves (234), and the lower parts of the two protective covers (231) are slidably locked in the middle of the slide grooves (234).

10. A test method for a bending durability testing device for automotive driveshafts, employing the bending durability testing device for automotive driveshafts as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The staff fixes both ends of the drive shaft (212) to be tested through flanges and mounting components; S2: Drive the transmission shaft (212) under test to rotate and swing through its driving components to test its durability. During the durability test, the test area is isolated from the external environment by the protective components (23). S3: After the inspection is completed, it can be removed and collected by the loading and unloading assembly (22).

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