Composite material impact damage simulation modeling method, system and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite material impact damage simulation modeling method, system and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional geometric model of a composite material according to microscopic characterization; according to the impact angle and the material characteristics, different finite element unit types are adopted for modeling; in the simulation model, endowing each layer with a corresponding material direction according to the layer angle so as to define the orthotropic mechanical property of the layer; performing explicit dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model, and simulating an impact process by adopting an explicit integral algorithm; simulation data of the simulation impact process are obtained, and damage evaluation is carried out. The method has the remarkable effects that high-precision simulation and effective evaluation of the impact damage behavior of the composite pipe are realized, and the method is suitable for failure mode prediction, dynamic mechanical response analysis and damage evaluation under various impact angles and energy conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material structure simulation technology, specifically to a method, system, device, and storage medium for simulating and modeling impact damage of composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are widely used in power, aerospace and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties and high material utilization. However, these materials have poor impact resistance in the transverse and out-of-plane directions, and are easily damaged by low-energy impacts such as collisions and drops during transportation, installation and use, affecting their service safety.

[0003] Currently, simulations of impact behavior in composite materials often employ general shell or solid elements, which are insufficient to accurately simulate complex responses such as local crushing, delamination, and springback under different impact angles. In particular, there is a lack of differentiated element modeling strategies for axial, oblique, and radial impacts, as well as an evaluation process based on the simulation data itself for systematic analysis. Consequently, the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results are difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to design a method, system, equipment, and storage medium for high-precision simulation modeling and result analysis of the damage behavior of composite tubes under low-speed impact. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method, system, device, and storage medium for simulating and modeling impact damage of composite materials. By combining the selection of element types under different impact angles, the definition of multi-layer material orientation, the setting of multiple integration points, and a systematic simulation data extraction and analysis process, high-precision simulation and effective evaluation of the impact damage behavior of composite material tubes can be achieved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: Firstly, this invention proposes a method for simulating and modeling impact damage in composite materials, the key of which includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material based on its microscopic characterization; Step 2: Based on the impact angle and material properties, different finite element types are used for modeling; Step 3: In the simulation model constructed in Step 2, assign a corresponding material orientation to each ply based on the ply angle to define its orthotropic mechanical properties; Step 4: Perform explicit dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and use an explicit integral algorithm to simulate the impact process; Step 5: Obtain simulation data of the simulated impact process and perform damage assessment.

[0007] Furthermore, the process of constructing the three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material described in step 1 includes: A three-layer composite material structure was used for modeling, and the ply angles of the three-dimensional geometric model were set to 0°, 90°, and 0° respectively. In the three-dimensional geometric model, the material orientation and material constant of the three-layer ply structure are assigned to different layers, so that the 0° layer mainly bears the axial impact and the 90° layer bears the circumferential tangential stress.

[0008] Furthermore, the boundary conditions and contact settings of the three-dimensional geometric model are as follows: both the steel impact body and the pressure block are set as rigid bodies; a surface-to-surface contact is defined between the impact body and the composite material.

[0009] Furthermore, the modeling process in step 2 using different finite element types is as follows: For impact conditions at 0° and 30°, Tshell elements are used for modeling. For the 90° impact condition, Shell elements are used for modeling, and multiple integration points are assigned in the thickness direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the modeling process for 0° and 30° impact conditions is as follows: Under the 0° impact configuration, steel stoppers are added to both ends of the tube to suppress rebound and provide boundary constraints consistent with the experiment; In the 30° impact configuration, the composite tube, pressure block, and rigid wall are rotated 30° to simulate the experimental slope, and an appropriate coefficient of friction is applied between the tube and the pressure block.

[0011] Furthermore, step 4, which involves performing dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and simulating the impact process using an explicit integration algorithm, includes: The assembled simulation model was subjected to explicit dynamic analysis using commercial software. The impact process was simulated using an explicit integral algorithm. Gravity load was applied, the initial velocity of the impacting body was given, the solution time and stability were controlled, and the output impact reaction force and interlaminar failure data were set. Simultaneously extract impact reaction force data and interlaminar failure history variables; Generate simulation output files.

[0012] Furthermore, step 5, which involves acquiring simulation data of the simulated impact process and performing damage assessment, includes: The original impact reaction force data is read from the simulation output file, and time series reading, smoothing, peak identification, load rate calculation and unloading stage envelope extraction are performed to form a quantitative impact reaction force index. Interlayer failure history variables at different integration points are extracted and divided into inner and outer layer damage datasets according to the thickness direction. Valid damage points are selected by scanning the failure variables at each integration point and judging the threshold, and an interlayer damage distribution map is generated. A dataset is created by quantifying the indicators under different impact energies. Trend comparisons are then performed based on energy levels to verify the accuracy, stability, and sensitivity of the simulation model.

[0013] Secondly, this invention proposes a composite material impact damage simulation modeling system, comprising: The 3D geometric model building module is used to construct a 3D geometric model of composite materials based on microscopic characterization. The simulation model building module is used to model different finite element types according to the impact angle and material properties; The material orientation assignment module is used to assign a corresponding material orientation to each ply based on the ply angle in the constructed simulation model, in order to define its orthotropic mechanical properties. The dynamics solution and simulation data extraction module is used to perform explicit dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and to simulate the impact process using an explicit integral algorithm. A data analysis and damage assessment membrane is used to acquire simulation data of the simulated impact process and to assess damage.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention proposes a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the composite material impact damage simulation modeling method as described in the first aspect.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the composite material impact damage simulation modeling method as described in the first aspect.

[0016] The significant effects of this invention are: This invention achieves high-precision simulation and effective evaluation of the impact damage behavior of composite material tubes by combining the selection of unit types under different impact angles, the definition of multi-layer material orientation, the setting of multiple integration points, and a systematic simulation data extraction and analysis process. It is applicable to failure mode prediction, dynamic mechanical response analysis, and damage assessment under various impact angles and energy conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 0° impact simulation model. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a 30° impact simulation model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a 90° impact simulation model; Figure 5 Simulated failure modes at different energies under 0° impact; Figure 5 (a) The failure mode of the wound tube when subjected to an impact energy of 66J at 0°. Figure 5 (b) is the failure mode of the wound tube when it is subjected to an impact energy of 133J at 0°. Figure 5 (c) is the failure mode of the wound tube when it is subjected to an impact energy of 266J at 0°. Figure 6 Simulated failure modes at different energies under 30° impact; Figure 6 (a) The failure mode of the filament when the filament is subjected to a 30° impact with an impact energy of 66J; Figure 6 (b) is the failure mode of the filament when it is subjected to a 133J impact energy at a 30° angle. Figure 6 (c) is the failure mode of the filament when it is subjected to a 30° impact with an impact energy of 266J; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the failure distribution of the inner and outer layers in a simulation of a 90° impact. Figure 7 (a) The failure mode of the puzzle at the inner two integration points when the puzzle is subjected to a 66J impact energy at a 90° impact. Figure 7 (b) The failure mode of the pull-wound tube at 8 integration points of the outer layer when subjected to a 133J impact energy at 90°. Figure 7 (c) is the failure mode of the pull-wound tube when subjected to a 266J impact energy at 90° impact and at the two integration points of the inner layer; Figure 7 (d) is the failure mode of the pull-wound tube when subjected to a 66J impact energy at 90° impact and at 8 integration points on the outer layer; Figure 7 (e) is the failure mode of the pull-wound tube when subjected to a 133J impact energy at 90° impact and at the two integration points of the inner layer; Figure 7 (f) represents the failure mode of the pull-wound tube when subjected to a 266J impact energy at 90° impact and at 8 integration points on the outer layer; Figure 8 The impact reaction force curve is shown. Figure 8 (a) is the impact reaction curve when the wound tube is subjected to an impact energy of 66J at 0° in the simulation; Figure 8 (a) is the impact reaction curve when a 0° coiled tube is impacted with 66J of impact energy in a certain experiment. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments and working principles of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for simulating and modeling impact damage of composite materials, the specific steps of which are as follows: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material: Based on the microscopic characterization, construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the multilayer structure of the composite material, with ply angles of [0° / 90° / 0°]. In practical implementation, the process of constructing the three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material includes: A three-layer composite material structure was used for modeling. The ply angles of the three-dimensional geometric model were set to 0°, 90° and 0° respectively. The material model was MAT_ENHANCED_COMPOSITE_DAMAGE (054 / 055). In the three-dimensional geometric model, the material orientation and material constant of the three-layer ply structure are assigned to different layers, so that the 0° layer mainly bears the axial impact and the 90° layer bears the circumferential tangential stress.

[0020] Preferably, the boundary conditions and contact settings of the three-dimensional geometric model are as follows: both the steel impact body and the pressure block are set as rigid bodies; a surface-to-surface contact is defined between the impact body and the composite material to simulate impact interaction.

[0021] Step 2, Finite Element Type Selection and Integration Point Setting: Different finite element types are used for modeling based on the impact angle and material properties; In practice, the modeling process using different finite element types is as follows: 0° and 30° impacts are axial loading or small-angle oblique loading. Tshell elements are used to enhance local compressive response and capture extrusion deformation in the thickness direction of the impact zone; specifically: Under the 0° impact configuration, steel stoppers are added to both ends of the tube to suppress rebound and provide boundary constraints consistent with the experiment; In the 30° impact configuration, the composite tube, pressure block, and rigid wall are rotated 30° to simulate the experimental slope, and an appropriate coefficient of friction is applied between the tube and the pressure block.

[0022] The 90° impact is a radial external pressure loading. Shell elements are used to improve the computational stability of large deformation and rebound behavior in the circumferential direction. Multiple integration points are set in the three-layer structure along the thickness direction of the shell elements. The custom constitutive model with multiple integration points allows the stress response of fibers with different thicknesses and directions to be calculated layer by layer along the thickness direction, accurately reflecting the local indentation, bilateral cracking, roundness changes, and rebound process under the 90° external pressure impact.

[0023] Step 3, Assigning Material Orientation: In the simulation model constructed in Step 2, each ply is assigned a corresponding material orientation based on the ply angle to define its orthotropic mechanical properties; Step 4, Dynamics Solution and Simulation Data Extraction: Explicit dynamics analysis is performed on the assembled simulation model using commercial software, and the impact process is simulated using an explicit integral algorithm; In the specific implementation process, the steps for conducting dynamic analysis and simulating the impact process using an explicit integration algorithm include: The assembled simulation model was subjected to explicit dynamic analysis using commercial software. The impact process was simulated using an explicit integral algorithm. Gravity load was applied using the *LOAD_BODY_Z keyword, the initial velocity of the impacting body was assigned using the *INITIAL_VELOCITY_GENERATION keyword, the solution time and stability were controlled using the *CONTROL_TERMINATION and *CONTROL_TIMESTEP keywords, and the impact reaction force and interlaminar failure data were output using the *DATABASE_RCFORC and *DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY keywords. Simultaneously extract impact reaction force (rcforc) data and interlaminar failure history variables; Generate simulation output files.

[0024] Step 5: Systematic analysis and damage assessment of simulation data: Obtain simulation data of the simulated impact process and conduct damage assessment.

[0025] In practice, step 5, which involves acquiring simulation data of the simulated impact process and conducting damage assessment, includes: Impact reaction force data processing flow: Read the raw impact reaction force (rcforc) data from the simulation output file, perform time series reading, smoothing to suppress numerical noise, peak identification, calculate the load rate through numerical differentiation, and extract the stiffness degradation and springback characteristics of the unloading stage by constructing the envelope of the force-time curve to form a quantitative impact reaction force index, thereby quantifying the dynamic impact response of the structure. Methods for processing and visualizing interlaminar damage data: Extract historical variables of interlaminar failure at different integration points, read the data layer by layer according to the integration points in the thickness direction, divide it into inner and outer layer damage datasets, filter out effective damage points by scanning the failure variables at each integration point and judging the threshold, and generate an interlaminar damage distribution map using the failure variable matrix to distinguish the location and area of ​​different damage modes such as inner wall indentation and outer wall cracking, and accurately locate damage modes such as indentation and cracking. Method for judging model consistency under different impact energies: Quantitative indicators under different impact energies are used to form a dataset, and trend comparisons are made based on energy levels to complete the intrinsic verification of the prediction accuracy, stability and sensitivity of the simulation model. That is, to verify the consistency of damage prediction and response sensitivity of the simulation model under different working conditions.

[0026] Furthermore, this invention also proposes a composite material impact damage simulation modeling system, comprising: The 3D geometric model building module is used to construct a 3D geometric model of composite materials based on microscopic characterization. The simulation model building module is used to model different finite element types according to the impact angle and material properties; The material orientation assignment module is used to assign a corresponding material orientation to each ply based on the ply angle in the constructed simulation model, in order to define its orthotropic mechanical properties. The dynamics solution and simulation data extraction module is used to perform explicit dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and to simulate the impact process using an explicit integral algorithm. A data analysis and damage assessment membrane is used to acquire simulation data of the simulated impact process and to assess damage.

[0027] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also propose a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the composite material impact damage simulation modeling method as described in the first aspect.

[0028] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also propose a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the composite material impact damage simulation modeling method as described in the first aspect.

[0029] The following specific embodiments verify the method described in this invention: Example 1: 0° Impact Simulation and Impact Response Analysis Construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material tube, such as Figure 2As shown, the layup angles are [0° / 90° / 0°]. Tshell elements are used for mesh generation, and the material model is *MAT_ENHANCED_COMPOSITE_DAMAGE (054 / 055). The impactor and the compact are set as rigid bodies, and surface-to-surface contact is defined. Subsequently, the K-file for dynamic solution is configured and calculated. 1. Load and initial velocity settings: First, use DEFINE CURVE (TITLE) to define a curve with a value of 1000 from 0s to 1000s. Then, define the coefficients using the CF option of the *LOAD_BODY_Z keyword to apply gravity. Assign an initial velocity to the impact body using *INITIAL_VELOCITY_GENERATION (66J: 1.4 m / s; 133J: 2.03 m / s; 266J: 2.836 m / s).

[0030] 2. Solver control settings: Set the NPLTC option to 50 via *CONTROL_TERMINATION, and the total time to 0.005 seconds; set the time step scaling factor to 0.9 via *CONTROL_TIMESTEP to ensure computational stability; and define 50 outputs via *DATABASE_BINARY_D3PLOT.

[0031] 3. Data Output Settings: By setting DT of GLSTAT, MATSUM, and RCFORC in DATABASE_OPTION to 0.005, the force and displacement after the impact can be obtained, such as... Figure 5 As shown in (a)-(c).

[0032] After the simulation is completed, the rcforc data is exported, and the impact reaction force-time curve is processed, such as... Figure 8 As shown in (a)-(b), the system extracted the peak force of the first impact (e.g., 35.027 kN at 66 J energy) and further analyzed the instantaneous impact characteristics of the load and the rapid unloading behavior after structural failure. This analysis process completed the quantitative characterization of the simulation dynamic response and provided key data support for the intrinsic verification of the model.

[0033] Example 2: 30° Impact Simulation and Local Damage Assessment The model setup is the same as in Example 1, and the impact simulation model is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the composite material tube, pressure block, and rigid wall are rotated 30° to shield the interaction between the impactor and the rigid wall, and the friction coefficient between the tube and the pressure block is set to 0.2. Simulation analysis shows that the damage concentrates near the impact point, such as... Figure 6As shown in (a)-(c), by comprehensively analyzing the dynamic response characteristics of the reaction force curve and the local deformation cloud map, the simulation's ability and reliability in capturing local crushing behavior and load transfer path under oblique impact are verified.

[0034] Example 3: 90° Impact Simulation and Interlaminar Damage Analysis The composite tube model is constructed using Shell elements, with the layup angles remaining at [0° / 90° / 0°]. Nine integration points are set in the thickness direction (3, 2, and 4 integration points are allocated to the three layers respectively). Figure 4 As shown. After simulation analysis, the post-processing history variable (History Var#3) image is called to display the failure areas of the inner layer (integration point 2) and the outer layer (integration point 8), respectively. Figure 7 As shown in (a)-(f), the indentation damage caused by pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner layer and the tensile cracking on the left and right sides of the outer layer are clearly identified. This analysis process effectively reveals the typical interlaminar damage mechanism and spatial distribution law under radial external pressure impact, and realizes accurate prediction of the damage mode of composite material structures under complex loads.

[0035] In summary, by combining the selection of element types under different impact angles, the definition of multilayer material orientation, the setting of multiple integration points, and a systematic simulation data extraction and analysis process, high-precision simulation and effective evaluation of the impact damage behavior of composite tubes are achieved. This method is applicable to failure mode prediction, dynamic mechanical response analysis, and damage assessment under various impact angles and energy conditions.

[0036] The technical solution provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and modeling impact damage in composite materials, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material based on its microscopic characterization; Step 2: Based on the impact angle and material properties, different finite element types are used for modeling; Step 3: In the simulation model constructed in Step 2, assign a corresponding material orientation to each ply based on the ply angle to define its orthotropic mechanical properties; Step 4: Perform explicit dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and use an explicit integral algorithm to simulate the impact process; Step 5: Obtain simulation data of the simulated impact process and perform damage assessment.

2. The composite material impact damage simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of constructing the three-dimensional geometric model of the composite material in step 1 includes: A three-layer composite material structure was used for modeling, and the ply angles of the three-dimensional geometric model were set to 0°, 90°, and 0° respectively. In the three-dimensional geometric model, the material orientation and material constant of the three-layer ply structure are assigned to different layers, so that the 0° layer mainly bears the axial impact and the 90° layer bears the circumferential tangential stress.

3. The composite material impact damage simulation modeling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boundary conditions and contact settings of the three-dimensional geometric model are as follows: both the steel impact body and the pressure block are set as rigid bodies; a surface-to-surface contact is defined between the impact body and the composite material.

4. The composite material impact damage simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modeling process in step 2 using different finite element types is as follows: For impact conditions at 0° and 30°, Tshell elements are used for modeling. For the 90° impact condition, Shell elements are used for modeling, and multiple integration points are assigned in the thickness direction.

5. The composite material impact damage simulation modeling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The modeling process for 0° and 30° impact conditions is as follows: Under the 0° impact configuration, steel stoppers are added to both ends of the tube to suppress rebound and provide boundary constraints consistent with the experiment; In the 30° impact configuration, the composite tube, pressure block, and rigid wall are rotated 30° to simulate the experimental slope, and an appropriate coefficient of friction is applied between the tube and the pressure block.

6. The composite material impact damage simulation modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 4, which involves performing dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and simulating the impact process using an explicit integration algorithm, includes the following steps: The assembled simulation model was subjected to explicit dynamic analysis using commercial software. The impact process was simulated using an explicit integral algorithm. Gravity load was applied, the initial velocity of the impacting body was given, the solution time and stability were controlled, and the output impact reaction force and interlaminar failure data were set. Simultaneously extract impact reaction force data and historical variables of interlaminar failure; Generate simulation output files.

7. The composite material impact damage simulation modeling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 5, which involves acquiring simulation data of the simulated impact process and performing damage assessment, includes the following steps: The original impact reaction force data is read from the simulation output file, and time series reading, smoothing, peak identification, load rate calculation and unloading stage envelope extraction are performed to form a quantitative impact reaction force index. Interlayer failure history variables at different integration points are extracted and divided into inner and outer layer damage datasets according to the thickness direction. Valid damage points are selected by scanning the failure variables at each integration point and judging the threshold, and an interlayer damage distribution map is generated. A dataset is created by quantifying the indicators under different impact energies. Trend comparisons are then performed based on energy levels to verify the accuracy, stability, and sensitivity of the simulation model.

8. A composite material impact damage simulation modeling system, characterized in that, include: The 3D geometric model building module is used to construct a 3D geometric model of composite materials based on microscopic characterization. The simulation model building module is used to model different finite element types according to the impact angle and material properties; The material orientation assignment module is used to assign a corresponding material orientation to each ply based on the ply angle in the constructed simulation model, in order to define its orthotropic mechanical properties. The dynamics solution and simulation data extraction module is used to perform explicit dynamic analysis on the assembled simulation model and to simulate the impact process using an explicit integral algorithm. Data analysis and damage assessment membranes are used to acquire simulation data of simulated impact processes and perform damage assessments.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The method includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the composite material impact damage simulation modeling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the composite material impact damage simulation modeling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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