Tension leg floating type wind power foundation and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tension leg floating type wind power foundation and a mounting method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power. A wind power foundation floating body, a tension rib key and an anchoring foundation; one end of each group of tension rib keys is connected with the floating body, and the other end of each group of tension rib keys is correspondingly connected with the anchoring foundation to form a symmetrical mooring structure; the plurality of horizontal buoys are uniformly arranged around the middle upright post at intervals in a radiation manner and are fixedly connected with the middle upright post; the middle stand column is formed by sequentially and fixedly connecting an upper stand column, a jacket stand column and a lower stand column from top to bottom. According to the multi-stand-column semi-submersible floating foundation, the overall structural design gives consideration to stability and economical efficiency, compared with a traditional multi-stand-column semi-submersible floating foundation, the material consumption and the construction difficulty can be effectively reduced, the foundation building cost is further reduced, and meanwhile by optimizing a stress structure, the load of a mooring system is reduced, and the mooring cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of offshore wind power and relates to a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] Under the major trend of energy structure transformation towards clean and low-carbon, offshore wind power, as an important component of renewable energy, is gradually expanding from nearshore shallow waters to deep-sea areas. Floating wind power, with its advantages of adapting to deep water and complex sea areas, has become a research hotspot and development focus of the wind power industry in recent years. Currently, the structures of existing floating offshore wind power platforms all adopt multi-column semi-submersible floating foundations. Although this type of floating foundation has a certain degree of stability and deep-water adaptability, meeting basic operational requirements, it has significant cost shortcomings, severely restricting the large-scale and commercial promotion of floating wind power. Actual calculations show that the cost of current demonstration prototypes is extremely high, approximately 50,000 yuan / kW. Even for projects currently under design and optimization, it is difficult to reduce the cost to below 20,000 yuan / kW after optimization using existing technologies. In-depth analysis reveals that the structural complexity, large material consumption, cumbersome manufacturing process, and high installation difficulty of multi-column semi-submersible floating foundations are the core reasons for their high cost. Therefore, developing new floating foundation structures has become an important path to reduce costs and increase efficiency in floating wind power and promote the large-scale development of the industry. Meanwhile, in some key development areas, while the regions possess abundant wind energy resources, the site conditions are extremely complex, generally characterized by high waves and high current velocities. In such marine environments, existing multi-pillar semi-submersible floating hulls experience significantly higher wave and current loads, leading to excessive swaying motion. Excessive swaying not only affects the normal operational stability of the wind turbine but also adversely impacts the design, selection, and service life of the mooring system and dynamic submarine cables. For example, excessive swaying displacement increases the tension fluctuations of the mooring cables, easily leading to fatigue damage. It also exacerbates the bending and twisting of the dynamic submarine cables, increasing the risk of cable breakage and fracture, further increasing the project's operation and maintenance costs and safety hazards, thus limiting the widespread application of floating wind power in such complex marine areas.

[0003] In summary, the current floating wind power sector faces two major technological bottlenecks: First, the cost of existing mainstream multi-pillar semi-submersible floating foundations is too high, making it difficult to meet the economic requirements for large-scale promotion; second, existing floating foundations are prone to excessive swaying motion in complex sea areas with high waves and currents, which is detrimental to the design and stable operation of mooring systems and dynamic submarine cables, affecting the safety and reliability of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of excessive cost of multi-column semi-submersible floating foundations in the prior art, and the tendency to generate excessive swaying motion in complex sea areas with high waves and high currents, and to provide a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation and its installation method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation, comprising a float, tension tendons, and an anchoring foundation; the tension tendons are arranged in several groups, one end of each group is connected to the float, and the other end is correspondingly connected to the anchoring foundation, forming a symmetrical mooring structure; the float comprises a central column and several horizontal buoys arranged around the central column; the several horizontal buoys are arranged radially and evenly at intervals around the central column and are fixedly connected to the central column; the central column is composed of an upper column, a jacket column, and a lower column, which are fixedly connected from top to bottom; the jacket column adopts a variable cross-section truss structure, the cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the jacket column connected to the upper column is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the lower part connected to the lower column, and the truss web members are arranged obliquely and staggered.

[0006] Further improvements are made in the following aspects: The horizontal pontoon has a chamfered cross-section; the tension ribs are made of carbon fiber cables; and the anchoring foundation is a suction anchor.

[0007] Several damping adjustment modules are detachably connected to the truss web members of the jacket support column. Each damping adjustment module includes an arc-shaped guide plate and a built-in adjustable damper. The concave surface of the arc-shaped guide plate faces the direction of the ocean current, and the arc-shaped guide plate forms an installation angle of 15°-25° with the truss web members. A tension monitoring unit is provided on the tension rib key. The adjustable damper is electrically connected to the tension monitoring unit of the tension rib key, providing real-time tension changes to the tension rib key and dynamically adjusting the damping coefficient.

[0008] The chamfering structure of the horizontal pontoon is a gradient structure, with the chamfering angle at the end near the middle column being 30°-45° and the chamfering angle at the end away from the middle column being 15°-30°; the surface of the horizontal pontoon is coated with a low-friction, anti-corrosion coating.

[0009] The connection points between the tension tendon and the float and anchoring foundation are all equipped with adjustable universal joints, and the universal joints have built-in damping buffer components.

[0010] The connection between the upper column and the horizontal pontoon is provided with a reinforced flange joint. The flange joint is equipped with an elastic sealing element, and no less than 8 high-strength anti-corrosion bolts are evenly arranged around the flange circumference.

[0011] The suction anchor of the anchoring foundation adopts a double-walled structure. The inner wall has several water-permeable holes, the outer wall is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material, and the bottom of the suction anchor is provided with an inverted conical guide structure.

[0012] The bottom of the lower column is provided with a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is provided with a connecting hole that corresponds to and matches the tension tendon. One end of the tension tendon is fixedly connected to the lower column through the connecting hole.

[0013] The tension tendons are arranged in a matrix, with the middle group of tension tendons connected to the center of the lower column, and the remaining groups of tension tendons connected to the ends of several horizontal pontoons respectively.

[0014] Secondly, this invention discloses an installation method for the above-mentioned tension leg floating wind turbine foundation, comprising: Pre-assemble the tension ribs with the float; The anchoring foundation is lowered to the predetermined position on the seabed using hoisting equipment and fixed to the seabed foundation, thus completing the installation of the anchoring foundation; The float is transported to the sea area above the anchoring foundation, and its attitude is adjusted so that the connection points of the float correspond one-to-one with the connection points of the anchoring foundation, thus completing the initial positioning of the float. The other end of the tension ribs pre-assembled on the float is fixedly connected to the anchoring foundation on the seabed to form a symmetrical mooring structure; the tension ribs are tensioned in stages to reach the preset tension value, so as to achieve stable mooring of the float. The connection points of the floating body, the tension state of the tension ribs, and the fixing effect of the anchoring foundation are inspected to complete the installation of the entire tension leg floating wind turbine foundation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation. Through the rational arrangement of the float, tension ribs, and anchoring foundation, a stable, adaptable, and economically efficient wind turbine foundation structure is formed. First, the foundation adopts a symmetrical mooring structure with the float, tension ribs, and anchoring foundation in combination. Several sets of tension ribs are evenly distributed and correspondingly connect the float and the anchoring foundation, effectively dispersing the wave and current loads on the float, avoiding localized stress concentration, and significantly improving the overall structural stability and anti-overturning capacity of the foundation. This allows it to adapt to complex marine environments with high wave heights and high current velocities, reducing the horizontal displacement and swaying motion of the float, and ensuring the stability of the wind turbine operation. Second, the float consists of a central column and several horizontal buoys arranged around the central column. This structural design is simple and reasonable, providing sufficient buoyancy support for the wind turbine and ensuring the floating stability of the float in the water. Furthermore, the even distribution of the horizontal buoys further optimizes the stress state of the float, reducing its own structural stress and extending its service life. Furthermore, the symmetrical mooring structure formed by several sets of tension tendons allows for flexible adjustment of the number and spacing of the tendons, adapting to different sea area wave and current parameters and wind turbine capacity requirements, demonstrating strong versatility. The symmetrical structure also facilitates construction, installation, and subsequent maintenance, reducing construction and operation costs. In addition, the overall structural design balances stability and economy. Compared to traditional multi-column semi-submersible floating foundations, it effectively reduces material usage and construction difficulty, further lowering foundation construction costs. Simultaneously, by optimizing the load-bearing structure, it reduces the load on the mooring system, lowering mooring costs. This provides strong support for the large-scale and commercial promotion of floating wind power, combining practicality and economy with broad application prospects.

[0016] Furthermore, several horizontal buoys are arranged radially and evenly around the central column and fixedly connected to it. This arrangement allows for more uniform stress distribution on the float, effectively dispersing the wave and current loads on the float and avoiding localized stress concentration. It also provides balanced buoyancy support, further enhancing the float's floating stability and resistance to rolling and swaying in the water, making it suitable for complex marine environments with high wave heights and high current velocities. The central column is composed of an upper column, a jacket column, and a lower column, fixedly connected from top to bottom. The jacket column adopts a truss structure, which not only possesses excellent structural strength and deformation resistance, effectively bearing the weight of the wind turbine and the loads from wave and current impacts, but also optimizes wave flow effects. Compared to traditional cylindrical columns, it significantly reduces wave loads, decreases the overall stress on the float, thereby reducing the load on the mooring system and extending the overall service life of the foundation. The horizontal buoys have chamfered cross-sections, which effectively improve the wave and current flow conditions and reduce buoyancy. The wave-current drag force on the buoy reduces the horizontal displacement of the float, lightening the burden on the mooring system. It also reduces wave-current impact and wear on the buoy, improving its corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. The tension tendons are made of carbon fiber cable. Carbon fiber is characterized by high strength, light weight, and corrosion resistance. Compared to traditional mooring cables, it provides sufficient mooring tension to ensure the stability of the mooring structure while reducing its own weight, lowering the float load and installation difficulty. It also reduces losses from seawater corrosion, lowering subsequent operation and maintenance costs. The anchoring foundation uses suction anchors, which are easy to install, have strong pull-out resistance, and are widely adaptable. They can be firmly fixed to the seabed foundation, providing reliable anchoring support for the entire wind turbine foundation. This effectively resists the tensile force from wave-current impact, further improving the stability of the mooring structure and ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of the wind turbine foundation. The overall structural design balances stability, wave resistance, and economy, providing strong support for the large-scale application of floating wind power.

[0017] Furthermore, by detachably installing several damping adjustment modules on the truss web members of the jacket foundation columns, these modules adopt a structure combining arc-shaped guide plates with built-in adjustable dampers. The concave surface of the arc-shaped guide plates faces the direction of the ocean current and forms an installation angle of 15°-25° with the truss web members. On the one hand, this effectively changes the flow pattern of the water flowing through the truss web members, reduces the direct impact of the water flow on the foundation structure and the vortex-induced vibration effect, reduces the vibration amplitude of the foundation under marine environmental loads, and improves the overall stability and fatigue resistance of the floating wind power foundation structure. On the other hand, the detachable connection structure facilitates disassembly, replacement, and adjustment according to actual sea conditions, service life, and maintenance needs, improving the applicability of the foundation structure and the convenience of later operation and maintenance. Meanwhile, a tension monitoring unit is installed on the tension rib, and an adjustable damper is electrically connected to the tension monitoring unit. This allows for real-time acquisition of tension data from the tension rib. Based on the real-time tension changes of the tension rib, the damping coefficient is dynamically adjusted to achieve adaptive matching between the damping force and the structural stress state. This promptly suppresses structural vibrations and tension fluctuations caused by waves, water flow, and wind turbine operating loads, preventing overload or stress concentration in the tension rib. This effectively extends the service life of the tension rib and the overall foundation structure, ensuring the long-term stable and safe operation of the floating wind turbine.

[0018] This invention discloses an installation method for a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation. In the pre-assembly step, the connection points between the tension leg and the floating body and anchor foundation are pre-treated and pre-assembled. This allows for early detection of compatibility issues at the connection points, avoiding construction delays caused by connection deviations during on-site installation. Simultaneously, the pre-treatment enhances the sealing and robustness of the connection points, reducing seawater erosion damage to the connection nodes and laying a reliable foundation for subsequent installation, thus reducing potential maintenance risks. In the anchor foundation placement step, the anchor foundation is lowered using hoisting equipment and fixed using negative pressure operations. This method is convenient and efficient, eliminating the need for complex seabed excavation. It significantly shortens the anchor foundation placement period and ensures a tight fit between the anchor foundation and the seabed, guaranteeing sufficient pull-out resistance and providing stable anchor support for the entire wind turbine foundation. This method is suitable for installation in areas with high wave heights and high current velocities. In the floating body transportation and positioning process, the floating body's attitude is adjusted using positioning equipment to ensure precise alignment between the floating body and the anchoring foundation. This effectively avoids misalignment of the tension tendons caused by positioning deviations, reducing rework. Precise positioning also ensures uniform stress distribution during subsequent tension tendon tensioning, further enhancing the stability of the mooring structure. In the tension tendon connection and tensioning process, a staged tensioning operation is used to achieve the preset tension value. This effectively avoids stress concentration caused by single-stage tensioning, preventing tension tendon damage. Staged tensioning also allows for precise control of the tension value, ensuring stable tension and forming a reliable symmetrical mooring structure. This effectively constrains the horizontal displacement and swaying motion of the floating body, ensuring stable operation of the wind power foundation in the later stages. Furthermore, the pre-assembly followed by on-site connection significantly simplifies the on-site installation process, reducing installation difficulty and construction risks in complex offshore environments. The installation and testing process comprehensively inspects the floating body connections, tensioning of the tension tendons, and the fixing effect of the anchoring foundation. This allows for the timely detection and rectification of potential problems during installation, ensuring the entire wind turbine foundation is installed correctly and reliably. This effectively prevents later failures caused by installation quality issues, extends the service life of the wind turbine foundation, and reduces operation and maintenance costs. The overall installation method is clear, logically rigorous, and adapted to the structural characteristics of the corresponding wind turbine foundation. It balances installation efficiency, installation quality, and post-installation operational stability. It is convenient to operate and highly economical, effectively adapting to complex marine installation scenarios, and providing reliable methodological support for the large-scale construction of floating wind turbine foundations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the float in a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to the present invention.

[0021] Wherein: 1-Float; 2-Tension tendon; 3-Anchoring foundation; 101-Horizontal buoy; 102-Upper column; 103-Jacket support column; 104-Lower column. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0024] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1 See Figure 1This invention discloses a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation, comprising a float 1, tension tendons 2, and an anchoring foundation 3. Several groups of tension tendons 2 are arranged, with one end of each group connected to the float 1 and the other end correspondingly connected to the anchoring foundation 3, forming a symmetrical mooring structure. The float 1 includes a central column and several horizontal buoys 101 arranged around the central column. The chamfering structure of the horizontal buoys 101 is a gradient structure, with a chamfer angle of 30°-45° near the central column and a chamfer angle of 15°-30° away from the central column. The surface of the horizontal buoys 101 is coated with a low-friction, anti-corrosion coating. Adjustable universal joints are provided at the connection points between the tension tendons 2 and the float 1 and anchoring foundation 3, and the universal joints have built-in damping buffer components. The suction anchor of the anchoring foundation 3 adopts a double-walled cylindrical structure. The inner cylindrical wall is provided with several water-permeable holes, and the outer cylindrical wall is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material. The bottom of the suction anchor is provided with an inverted conical guide structure. Several damping adjustment modules are detachably connected to the truss web members of the guide frame column 103. The damping adjustment module includes an arc-shaped guide plate and a built-in adjustable damper. The concave surface of the arc-shaped guide plate faces the direction of the ocean current, and the arc-shaped guide plate forms an installation angle of 15°-25° with the truss web members. A tension monitoring unit is provided on the tension rib key 2. The adjustable damper is electrically connected to the tension monitoring unit of the tension rib key 2, providing real-time tension changes to the tension rib key 2 and dynamically adjusting the damping coefficient. By detachably installing several damping adjustment modules on the truss web members of the jacket foundation columns, these modules adopt a structure combining arc-shaped guide plates and built-in adjustable dampers. The concave surface of the arc-shaped guide plates faces the direction of the ocean current and forms an installation angle of 15°-25° with the truss web members. On the one hand, this effectively changes the flow pattern of the water flowing through the truss web members, reduces the direct impact of the water flow on the foundation structure and the vortex-induced vibration effect, reduces the vibration amplitude of the foundation under marine environmental loads, and improves the overall stability and fatigue resistance of the floating wind power foundation structure. On the other hand, the detachable connection structure facilitates disassembly, replacement, and adjustment according to actual sea conditions, service life, and maintenance needs, improving the applicability of the foundation structure and the convenience of later operation and maintenance. Meanwhile, a tension monitoring unit is installed on the tension rib, and an adjustable damper is electrically connected to the tension monitoring unit. This allows for real-time acquisition of tension data from the tension rib. Based on the real-time tension changes of the tension rib, the damping coefficient is dynamically adjusted to achieve adaptive matching between the damping force and the structural stress state. This promptly suppresses structural vibrations and tension fluctuations caused by waves, water flow, and wind turbine operating loads, preventing overload or stress concentration in the tension rib. This effectively extends the service life of the tension rib and the overall foundation structure, ensuring the long-term stable and safe operation of the floating wind turbine.

[0029] This invention discloses a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation. Through the rational arrangement of the float, tension ribs, and anchoring foundation, a stable, adaptable, and economically efficient wind turbine foundation structure is formed. First, the foundation adopts a symmetrical mooring structure with the float, tension ribs, and anchoring foundation in combination. Several sets of tension ribs are evenly distributed and correspondingly connect the float and the anchoring foundation, effectively dispersing the wave and current loads on the float, avoiding localized stress concentration, and significantly improving the overall structural stability and anti-overturning capacity of the foundation. This allows it to adapt to complex marine environments with high wave heights and high current velocities, reducing the horizontal displacement and swaying motion of the float, and ensuring the stability of the wind turbine operation. Second, the float consists of a central column and several horizontal buoys arranged around the central column. This structural design is simple and reasonable, providing sufficient buoyancy support for the wind turbine and ensuring the floating stability of the float in the water. Furthermore, the even distribution of the horizontal buoys further optimizes the stress state of the float, reducing its own structural stress and extending its service life. Furthermore, the symmetrical mooring structure formed by several sets of tension tendons allows for flexible adjustment of the number and spacing of the tendons, adapting to different sea area wave and current parameters and wind turbine capacity requirements, demonstrating strong versatility. The symmetrical structure also facilitates construction, installation, and subsequent maintenance, reducing construction and operation costs. In addition, the overall structural design balances stability and economy. Compared to traditional multi-column semi-submersible floating foundations, it effectively reduces material usage and construction difficulty, further lowering foundation construction costs. Simultaneously, by optimizing the load-bearing structure, it reduces the load on the mooring system, lowering mooring costs. This provides strong support for the large-scale and commercial promotion of floating wind power, combining practicality and economy with broad application prospects.

[0030] See Figure 2The plurality of horizontal pontoons 101 are arranged radially and evenly around the central column and are fixedly connected to the central column. The central column is composed of an upper column 102, a jacket support column 103, and a lower column 104, which are fixedly connected from top to bottom. The jacket support column 103 adopts a truss structure; the cross-section of the horizontal pontoons 101 is chamfered; the tension tendons 2 are made of carbon fiber cables; and the anchoring foundation 3 is a suction anchor. The jacket support column 103 adopts a variable cross-section truss structure, with the cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the jacket support column 103 connected to the upper column 102 being smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the lower part connected to the lower column 104, and the truss web members are arranged diagonally and staggered. The bottom of the lower column 104 is provided with a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the tension tendon 2. One end of the tension tendon 2 is fixedly connected to the lower column 104 through the connecting hole. A reinforced flange joint is provided at the connection between the upper column 102 and the horizontal pontoon 101. The flange joint is internally fitted with an elastic seal, and at least eight high-strength anti-corrosion bolts are evenly arranged around the flange circumference. Several groups of tension tendons 2 are distributed in a matrix, with the middle group of tension tendons 2 corresponding to the center of the lower column 104, and the remaining groups of tension tendons 2 corresponding to the ends of several horizontal pontoons 101.

[0031] In this embodiment, several horizontal buoys are arranged radially and evenly around the central column and are fixedly connected to the central column. This arrangement allows for more uniform stress distribution on the float, effectively dispersing the wave and current loads on the float and avoiding localized stress concentration. It also provides balanced buoyancy support for the float, further enhancing its floating stability and resistance to rolling and swaying in the water, making it suitable for complex marine environments with high wave heights and high current velocities. The central column is composed of an upper column, a jacket column, and a lower column, which are fixedly connected from top to bottom. The jacket column adopts a truss structure, which not only possesses excellent structural strength and deformation resistance, effectively bearing the weight of the wind turbine and the loads from wave and current impacts, but also optimizes wave flow effects. Compared to traditional cylindrical columns, it significantly reduces wave loads, decreases the overall stress on the float, thereby reducing the load on the mooring system and extending the overall service life of the foundation. The horizontal buoys have chamfered cross-sections, which effectively improve the wave and current flow conditions and reduce buoyancy. The wave-current drag force on the buoy reduces the horizontal displacement of the float, lightening the burden on the mooring system. It also reduces wave-current impact and wear on the buoy, improving its corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. The tension tendons are made of carbon fiber cable. Carbon fiber is characterized by high strength, light weight, and corrosion resistance. Compared to traditional mooring cables, it provides sufficient mooring tension to ensure the stability of the mooring structure while reducing its own weight, lowering the float load and installation difficulty. It also reduces losses from seawater corrosion, lowering subsequent operation and maintenance costs. The anchoring foundation uses suction anchors, which are easy to install, have strong pull-out resistance, and are widely adaptable. They can be firmly fixed to the seabed foundation, providing reliable anchoring support for the entire wind turbine foundation. This effectively resists the tensile force from wave-current impact, further improving the stability of the mooring structure and ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of the wind turbine foundation. The overall structural design balances stability, wave resistance, and economy, providing strong support for the large-scale application of floating wind power.

[0032] Example 2 In this invention, the entire tension leg floating wind turbine foundation consists of a float 1, tension tendons 2, and corresponding anchoring foundations 3. The float comprises a central column and several horizontal buoys 101, for example, three horizontal buoys. The overall structure is simple, facilitating modular production and reducing construction costs. The central column consists of an upper column 102, a lower column 104, and a central jacket column 103. The jacket structure possesses good structural strength, and the wave load it experiences is significantly smaller than that of a cylinder, which helps reduce the stress and motion response of the entire float, and consequently, reduces the load on the mooring system. The three horizontal buoys 101 are arranged radially around the central column, spaced 120° apart. The buoy cross-section features a chamfered design, which reduces the wave and current drag force on the buoys, thus reducing the average displacement of the float and the tension of the mooring system, and further reducing the cost of the mooring system. The tension tendon 2 is a single 121mm diameter carbon fiber cable, providing sufficient mooring tension. The anchoring foundation 3 uses a suction anchor, providing sufficient pull-out resistance.

[0033] Example 3 This embodiment discloses an installation method for a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation, including: Pre-assembly: The connection parts between the tension tendon 2 and the float 1 and the anchoring foundation 3 are pre-treated to complete the pre-assembly of the tension tendon 2 and the corresponding connecting parts. Anchor foundation 3 installation: Anchor foundation 3 is lowered to the preset position on the seabed using hoisting equipment. The anchor foundation 3 is fixed to the seabed foundation through negative pressure operation, thus completing the installation of anchor foundation 3. Transport and positioning of float 1: Transport float 1 to the sea area above the anchoring foundation 3, adjust the attitude of float 1 through positioning equipment, so that the connection parts of float 1 correspond one by one with the connection positions of anchoring foundation 3, and complete the initial positioning of float 1. Tensioner 2 connection and tensioning: One end of the pre-assembled tensioner 2 is fixedly connected to the connection part of the float 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the anchoring foundation 3 on the seabed to form a symmetrical mooring structure; the tensioner 2 is tensioned in stages to achieve the preset tension value and realize the stable mooring of the float 1. Installation and Inspection: A comprehensive inspection was conducted on the connection points of float 1, the tension state of tension tendons 2, and the fixing effect of anchor foundation 3 to confirm that the connection of float 1 is reliable, the tension of tension tendons 2 is stable, and the anchor foundation 3 is firmly fixed, thus completing the installation of the entire tension leg floating wind turbine foundation.

[0034] This invention discloses an installation method for a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation. In the pre-assembly step, the connection points between the tension leg and the floating body and anchor foundation are pre-treated and pre-assembled. This allows for early detection of compatibility issues at the connection points, avoiding construction delays caused by connection deviations during on-site installation. Simultaneously, the pre-treatment enhances the sealing and robustness of the connection points, reducing seawater erosion damage to the connection nodes and laying a reliable foundation for subsequent installation, thus reducing potential maintenance risks. In the anchor foundation placement step, the anchor foundation is lowered using hoisting equipment and fixed using negative pressure operations. This method is convenient and efficient, eliminating the need for complex seabed excavation. It significantly shortens the anchor foundation placement period and ensures a tight fit between the anchor foundation and the seabed, guaranteeing sufficient pull-out resistance and providing stable anchor support for the entire wind turbine foundation. This method is suitable for installation in areas with high wave heights and high current velocities. In the floating body transportation and positioning process, the floating body's attitude is adjusted using positioning equipment to ensure precise alignment between the floating body and the anchoring foundation. This effectively avoids misalignment of the tension tendons caused by positioning deviations, reducing rework. Precise positioning also ensures uniform stress distribution during subsequent tension tendon tensioning, further enhancing the stability of the mooring structure. In the tension tendon connection and tensioning process, a staged tensioning operation is used to achieve the preset tension value. This effectively avoids stress concentration caused by single-stage tensioning, preventing tension tendon damage. Staged tensioning also allows for precise control of the tension value, ensuring stable tension and forming a reliable symmetrical mooring structure. This effectively constrains the horizontal displacement and swaying motion of the floating body, ensuring stable operation of the wind power foundation in the later stages. Furthermore, the pre-assembly followed by on-site connection significantly simplifies the on-site installation process, reducing installation difficulty and construction risks in complex offshore environments. The installation and testing process comprehensively inspects the floating body connections, tensioning of the tension tendons, and the fixing effect of the anchoring foundation. This allows for the timely detection and rectification of potential problems during installation, ensuring the entire wind turbine foundation is installed correctly and reliably. This effectively prevents later failures caused by installation quality issues, extends the service life of the wind turbine foundation, and reduces operation and maintenance costs. The overall installation method is clear, logically rigorous, and adapted to the structural characteristics of the corresponding wind turbine foundation. It balances installation efficiency, installation quality, and post-installation operational stability. It is convenient to operate and highly economical, effectively adapting to complex marine installation scenarios, and providing reliable methodological support for the large-scale construction of floating wind turbine foundations.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tension leg floating wind turbine foundation, characterized in that, The structure includes a float (1), tension ribs (2), and anchoring foundations (3). Several sets of tension ribs (2) are provided, with one end of each set connected to the float (1) and the other end connected to the anchoring foundations (3) to form a symmetrical mooring structure. The float (1) includes a central column and several horizontal buoys (101) arranged around the central column. The several horizontal buoys (101) are arranged radially and evenly around the central column and are fixedly connected to the central column. The central column is fixedly connected from top to bottom by an upper column (102), a jacket column (103), and a lower column (104). The jacket column (103) adopts a variable cross-section truss structure. The cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the jacket column (103) connected to the upper column (102) is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the lower part connected to the lower column (104), and the truss web members are arranged diagonally.

2. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal pontoon (101) has a chamfered cross section; the tension rib (2) is made of carbon fiber cable; and the anchoring foundation (3) is made of suction anchor.

3. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several damping adjustment modules are detachably connected to the truss web members of the jacket support column (103). The damping adjustment module includes an arc-shaped guide plate and a built-in adjustable damper. The concave surface of the arc-shaped guide plate faces the direction of the ocean current, and the arc-shaped guide plate forms an installation angle of 15°-25° with the truss web members. A tension monitoring unit is provided on the tension rib (2). The adjustable damper is electrically connected to the tension monitoring unit of the tension rib (2) to provide real-time tension changes to the tension rib (2) and dynamically adjust the damping coefficient.

4. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chamfering structure of the horizontal pontoon (101) is a gradient structure, with the chamfering angle at the end near the middle column being 30°-45° and the chamfering angle at the end away from the middle column being 15°-30°; the surface of the horizontal pontoon (101) is coated with a low-friction anti-corrosion coating.

5. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection points between the tension rib (2) and the float (1) and the anchoring foundation (3) are all equipped with adjustable universal joints, and the universal joints have built-in damping buffer components.

6. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reinforced flange joint is provided at the connection between the upper column (102) and the horizontal pontoon (101). The flange joint is equipped with an elastic sealing element, and no less than 8 high-strength anti-corrosion bolts are evenly arranged around the flange circumference.

7. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suction anchor of the anchoring foundation (3) adopts a double-walled structure. The inner wall is provided with several water-permeable holes, the outer wall is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material, and the bottom of the suction anchor is provided with an inverted conical guide structure.

8. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower column (104) is provided with a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is provided with a connecting hole that corresponds to and is adapted to the tension rib key (2). One end of the tension rib key (2) is fixedly connected to the lower column (104) through the connecting hole.

9. The tension leg floating wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several groups of tension ribs (2) are distributed in a matrix, wherein the middle group of tension ribs (2) is connected to the center of the lower column (104), and the remaining groups of tension ribs (2) are connected to the ends of several horizontal pontoons (101).

10. A method for installing a tension leg floating wind turbine foundation as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The tension bar (2) is pre-assembled with the float (1); The anchoring foundation (3) is lowered to the preset position on the seabed using hoisting equipment and fixed to the seabed foundation to complete the installation of the anchoring foundation (3); Transport the float (1) to the sea area above the anchor foundation (3), adjust the attitude of the float (1) so that the connection part of the float (1) corresponds one-to-one with the connection position of the anchor foundation (3), and complete the initial positioning of the float (1). The other end of the tension bar (2) pre-assembled on the float (1) is fixedly connected to the anchoring foundation (3) on the seabed to form a symmetrical mooring structure; the tension bar (2) is tensioned in stages to achieve the preset tension value and realize the stable mooring of the float (1); The connection parts of the floating body (1), the tension state of the tension ribs (2) and the fixing effect of the anchor foundation (3) were tested to complete the installation of the entire tension leg floating wind power foundation.

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