Land well gun aliasing data processing method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a land well gun aliasing data preprocessing method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining source aliasing data of a land well gun; determining the first arrival time of a main shaft gun and the first arrival time of an auxiliary shaft gun from the source aliasing data; partitioning the seismic data according to the first arrival time of a main shaft gun and the first arrival time of an auxiliary shaft gun to obtain main shaft gun seismic data, auxiliary shaft gun seismic data and background noise data before shaft gun excitation in source aliasing data; and based on abnormal background noise data in the background noise data, performing partition noise attenuation on the abnormal main shaft shot seismic data and the abnormal auxiliary shaft shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, and aiming at each abnormal seismic data, based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, performing partition noise attenuation on the abnormal main shaft shot seismic data and the abnormal auxiliary shaft shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data. Therefore, the abnormal noise of the land well gun aliasing data is attenuated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seismic exploration data processing, and in particular relates to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for processing mixed well shot data on land. Background Technology

[0002] Land well drilling exploration environments are complex. Land well drilling projects are often accompanied by complex environmental factors such as rivers and reservoirs, highways and railways, and engineering construction, which leads to the development of abnormal background noise in the cascaded data of land well drilling. Moreover, land well drilling operations involve multiple wells, so higher noise attenuation requirements are put forward for the processing of multiple well drilling cascaded data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for processing mixed-signal data from land well shots, in order to solve the problem of difficulty in attenuating abnormal noise in mixed-signal data from land well shots.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing overlay data from land well shots, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire source aliasing data from land well shots; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received from multiple receiver points;

[0007] From the source aliased data, determine the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each of the seismic data;

[0008] Based on the first arrival times of the main well shot and the auxiliary well shot, the seismic data is partitioned to obtain the main well shot seismic data, auxiliary well shot seismic data, and background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot.

[0009] Based on the amplitude values ​​of each of the background noise data, abnormal seismic data in the seismic data are determined;

[0010] For each of the anomalous seismic data, based on the anomalous background noise data corresponding to the anomalous seismic data, noise attenuation is performed on the anomalous main well shot seismic data and the anomalous auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to the anomalous seismic data to obtain the target aliased data.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a land well shot composite data processing device, the device comprising:

[0012] The acquisition module is used to acquire source aliasing data from land well shots; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received from multiple receiver points;

[0013] The first determining module is used to determine the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each of the source aliased data from the source aliased data;

[0014] The second determining module is used to partition the seismic data according to the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, to obtain the main well shot seismic data, auxiliary well shot seismic data and background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot.

[0015] The receiving module is used to determine the abnormal seismic data in the seismic data based on the amplitude values ​​of each of the background noise data.

[0016] The output module is used to perform noise attenuation on the abnormal main well shot seismic data and abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to each abnormal seismic data, based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, to obtain target aliased data.

[0017] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the program to implement the above-described method for processing mixed data from land well shots.

[0018] Fourthly, the present invention provides a readable storage medium that, when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of an electronic device, enables the electronic device to perform the above-described land well shot cascade data processing method.

[0019] In this embodiment of the invention, source aliasing data of land well shots is acquired; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received by multiple receivers; from the source aliasing data, the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each seismic data are determined; according to the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, the seismic data is partitioned to obtain the main well shot seismic data, the auxiliary well shot seismic data, and the background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot; based on the amplitude value of each background noise data, abnormal seismic data in the seismic data is determined; for each abnormal seismic data, based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, noise attenuation is performed on the abnormal main well shot seismic data and the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data to obtain the target aliasing data. In this embodiment of the invention, abnormal background noise is identified by receiving background noise data from each detector point in the source aliasing data. The identified abnormal background noise data is then used to perform frequency domain abnormal noise attenuation on the main well shot seismic data and auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal background noise data, thereby achieving high-fidelity abnormal noise attenuation for complex land-based well shot aliasing work areas. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of a method for processing overlay data from land well shots provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of aliased data provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the prior art after attenuation of aliased data;

[0024] Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of attenuation of aliased data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the second step in the flowchart of a method for processing mixed data from land well shots provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a land well shot superimposed data processing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a land well shot cascade data processing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method may include:

[0030] Step 101: Obtain source aliasing data from land well shots; the source aliasing data includes seismic data received from multiple receiver points.

[0031] Specifically, operational parameters are designed by simulating and separating historical land well shot operation data. These parameters include the location and firing time of the main well shot, the location and firing time of the auxiliary well shot, and the location, label, and working time of each geophone. Then, on-site construction of land well shot operations is carried out based on the operation parameters. This includes setting up the main well shot based on the main well shot location, setting up the auxiliary well shot based on the auxiliary well shot location, setting up the geophones based on the location and working time of each geophone, and exciting the main and auxiliary well shots based on the excitation time. Simultaneously, each geophone receives the sequential excitation of the main and auxiliary well shots to obtain source aliasing data. The shot location and / or geophone label corresponding to the source aliasing data are matched with the operation parameters to ensure that the shot location and / or geophone label corresponding to the source aliasing data are consistent with the shot location and / or geophone label in the operation parameters. Specifically, the trace headers in the file corresponding to the source aliasing data are matched with the trace headers in the file corresponding to the operation parameters to determine that the shot location and / or geophone label corresponding to the source aliasing data are consistent with the shot location and / or geophone label in the operation parameters. The trace headers are the data used to determine the shot location and / or geophone label by matching the trace headers in the file corresponding to the source aliasing data with the file reused in the operation parameters. Next, based on the firing time of the main well shot, the aliased data is segmented to obtain the source aliased data of the land well shot. For example, based on the firing time of each main well shot, the aliased data is segmented M seconds before the firing time of the main well shot. The data duration of the source aliased data is N seconds, where M and N are any positive numbers. For example, if the segmentation starts 1 second before the firing time of the main well shot, the data duration of the segmented source aliased data is 20 seconds. Those skilled in the art can set the values ​​of M and N according to actual needs to segment the aliased data.

[0032] Among them, aliased data (source aliased data) is data obtained by receiving the aliased wavefields of two seismic sources (well shots) when the excitation time of the two sources is relatively short, causing aliasing. Historical land well shot operation data refers to old data from land well shot work areas. The geophone number is used to distinguish different geophones, and the geophone working time is also used to determine the reception time of the aliased data at the geophone. Land well shots are a form of seismic excitation source in seismic exploration or seismic simulation.

[0033] Figure 2 The source aliasing data of a land well shot according to the present invention is shown, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The horizontal axis corresponds to the receiver point number, and the vertical axis corresponds to the reception time. In the source aliasing data, the data corresponding to the same receiver point number is the seismic data received by that receiver point. In this embodiment of the invention, the source aliasing data includes seismic data received by multiple receiver points.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, any set of aliased data from historical land well drilling operations can be selected as the source aliased data for land well drilling operations.

[0035] Step 102: Determine the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each of the source aliasing data from the source aliasing data.

[0036] Specifically, the first arrival time and offset information of the main well shot and the secondary well shot are extracted from the source aliased data. Linear interpolation is performed based on the offset information of the main well shot to obtain the first arrival time of the main well shot in each seismic data set. The offset is calculated based on the shot locations of the secondary well shot and the main well shot to obtain the offset of the secondary well shot. Linear interpolation is then used to interpolate the first arrival time and offset of the secondary well shot to obtain the first arrival time of the secondary well shot in the aliased data. The offset information refers to the distance from the shot location to a reference location. The reference location can be the location of any geophone, such as the location of the geophone closest to the shot location, or it can be the location of any point in the land-based well shot operation site, such as the distance between the current shot location and other shot locations. The specific method of linear interpolation can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. For example, if the offset distance from the main shaft shot to different reference positions ranges from 0m to 5000m, and each offset distance corresponds to a first arrival time, then the offset distance 3 from the main shaft shot to reference position 3 and its corresponding first arrival time 3 can be determined based on the offset distance 1 from the main shaft shot to reference position 1 and its corresponding first arrival time, as well as the offset distance 2 from the main shaft shot to reference position 2 and its corresponding first arrival time 2. Similarly, the first arrival times of other well shots with offset distances ranging from 0 to 5000m can be obtained through interpolation.

[0037] Optionally, the first arrival wave can be picked up using a neural network, such as boundary detection technology or deep learning. This invention does not limit this approach.

[0038] Step 103: Based on the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, the seismic data is partitioned to obtain the main well shot seismic data, the auxiliary well shot seismic data, and the background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot.

[0039] In this invention, among the seismic data received by the same geophone, the reception time of the background noise data before the well shot excitation is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot, the reception time of the main well shot seismic data is greater than the first arrival time of the main well shot and less than the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, and the reception time of the auxiliary well shot seismic data is greater than or equal to the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot. Thus, based on the first arrival times of the main well shot and the auxiliary well shot, three different parts of the seismic data are determined, namely, background noise data, main well shot seismic data, and auxiliary well shot seismic data, so that the noise in the main and auxiliary well shot seismic data can be attenuated based on the background noise data.

[0040] Step 104: Based on the amplitude values ​​of each of the background noise data, determine the abnormal seismic data in the seismic data.

[0041] Specifically, after determining the background noise data for each seismic dataset, the root mean square (RMS) amplitude value is obtained for each background noise data point. If the RMS amplitude value exceeds a preset value, the corresponding seismic data is identified as anomalous seismic data. The RMS amplitude value and receiver number of the anomalous seismic data are then marked for subsequent anomalous noise identification and attenuation. The preset value ranges from 2 microvolts to 7 microvolts. Anomalous seismic data refers to anomalous traces within the aliased data.

[0042] Optionally, after obtaining the root mean square amplitude value, the root mean square amplitude value can be amplified, and then the amplified root mean square amplitude value can be compared with the preset amplitude value. For example, the root mean square amplitude can be multiplied by 1,000,000 to obtain the amplified root mean square amplitude, thereby amplifying it to the conventional level of the earthquake processing amplitude value. Then, the amplified root mean square amplitude can be compared with 5 microvolts.

[0043] Step 105: For each of the abnormal seismic data, based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, noise attenuation is performed on the abnormal main well shot seismic data and abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data to obtain the target aliased data.

[0044] Abnormal background noise data refers to the seismic data in which the reception time is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot. Abnormal main well shot seismic data and abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data refer to data whose reception time is greater than or equal to the first arrival time of the main well shot.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, obtaining the target aliasing data is equivalent to completing the preprocessing of the source aliasing data, so that the land well gun can be further processed based on the target aliasing data. For example, after obtaining the target aliasing data, the data required for production can be extracted from the target aliasing data according to the main gun GPS, firing time, and production needs, such as extracting part of the target aliasing data.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, source aliasing data of land well shots is acquired; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received by multiple receivers; the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each seismic data are determined; based on the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, the seismic data is divided into a background noise dataset, a main well shot seismic dataset, and an auxiliary well shot seismic dataset; the reception time of the data in the background noise dataset is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot; abnormal seismic data in the seismic data is determined based on the background noise dataset; based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data in the background noise dataset, noise attenuation is performed on the abnormal main well shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data in the main well shot seismic dataset and the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data in the auxiliary well shot seismic dataset to obtain target aliasing data. In this embodiment of the invention, abnormal background noise is identified by using the background noise data received at each detector point in the source aliasing data. The identified abnormal background noise data is then used to attenuate the abnormal noise in the main well shot seismic data and the auxiliary well shot seismic data, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the aliasing data.

[0047] Figure 4 This is the second step in the flowchart of a method for processing overlay data from land well shots provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, optionally, step 105 includes:

[0048] Step 1051: For each of the abnormal seismic data, determine the first amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain and the second amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, and determine the abnormal amplitude value of the abnormal background noise data in each frequency band in the frequency domain.

[0049] Specifically, a Fourier transform is performed on the seismic data from the main borehole. Within the frequency domain range (1-Nyquist frequency) of the Fourier transform results, the results are divided into equal-interval frequency bands to determine multiple frequency bands corresponding to the Fourier transform results. The first amplitude value of the Fourier transform results in each frequency band within the frequency domain range is then determined. For example, if the frequency range of the Fourier transform results from the main borehole is 0Hz-200Hz, then the results can be divided into 10 frequency bands (200Hz ÷ 20Hz) with a step size of 20Hz, along with the first amplitude value of the Fourier transform results in each of these 10 frequency bands.

[0050] Similarly, Fourier transform is performed on the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data. Within the frequency domain range of the Fourier transform results of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data, the Fourier transform results of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data are divided into equal intervals to determine multiple frequency bands corresponding to the Fourier transform results of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data, and the second amplitude value of the Fourier transform results of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data in each frequency band within the frequency domain range is determined.

[0051] Similarly, Fourier transform is performed on the abnormal background noise data. Within the frequency domain range of the Fourier transform result of the abnormal background noise data, the Fourier transform result of the abnormal background noise data is divided into equal intervals to determine multiple frequency bands corresponding to the Fourier transform result of the abnormal background noise data, and the abnormal amplitude value of the Fourier transform result of the abnormal background noise data in each frequency band within the frequency domain range is determined.

[0052] Step 1052: Obtain the threshold amplitude value based on the abnormal amplitude value.

[0053] Specifically, the abnormal amplitude value is multiplied by a preset coefficient to obtain the threshold amplitude value. The value of the preset coefficient can be set according to actual needs. For example, the value range of the preset coefficient is [0.1, 1].

[0054] The preset coefficient can be set according to actual needs; for example, the larger the abnormal amplitude value, the smaller the preset coefficient. In another embodiment of the invention, different coefficients are set for different frequency bands.

[0055] Step 1053: When the first amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot seismic data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0056] In another embodiment of the present invention, if the first amplitude value is less than or equal to the threshold amplitude value, the first amplitude value is not attenuated.

[0057] Step 1054: If the second amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, attenuate the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0058] In another embodiment of the present invention, if the second amplitude value is less than or equal to the threshold amplitude value, the second amplitude value is not attenuated.

[0059] In this invention, the target aliasing data is obtained by attenuating the first amplitude value and / or the second amplitude value.

[0060] In another embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the target aliasing data, the method further includes separating the noise data after abnormal noise attenuation from the source aliasing data based on the target aliasing data and the source aliasing data.

[0061] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the attenuation of aliased data using prior art, and Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the attenuation of aliased data using an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 3(a), the left side shows the well shot aliased data after abnormal noise attenuation using the conventional method, and the right side shows the noise data after abnormal noise attenuation using the present invention. In Figure 3(b), the left side shows the well shot aliased data after abnormal noise attenuation using the present invention, and the right side shows the noise data after abnormal noise attenuation using the present invention. Based on Figures 3(a) and 3(b), it can be clearly seen that the present invention can achieve high-fidelity separation of aliased data and abnormal noise.

[0062] In another embodiment of the present invention, the seismic data of the main well shot includes: the first arrival data of the main well shot and the reflection data of the main well shot; the seismic data of the auxiliary well shot includes: the first arrival data of the auxiliary well shot and the reflection data of the auxiliary well shot.

[0063] Optionally, the seismic data is partitioned according to the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot to obtain the main well shot seismic data, auxiliary well shot seismic data and background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data, including: taking the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first preset reception time as the first arrival data of the main well shot.

[0064] Seismic data whose reception time falls between the first preset reception time and the first arrival time of the secondary shaft shot are used as the main shaft shot reflection data.

[0065] Seismic data whose reception time falls between the initial arrival time of the secondary shaft shot and the second preset reception time are used as the initial arrival data of the secondary shaft shot.

[0066] Seismic data whose reception time falls between the second and third preset reception times will be used as auxiliary well shot reflection data.

[0067] Seismic data whose reception time is before the first arrival time of the main shaft shot are used as background noise data.

[0068] The first, second, and third preset reception times are set according to actual needs. For example, the first preset reception time = the initial arrival time of the main well shot + x seconds, the second preset reception time = the initial arrival time of the auxiliary well shot + y seconds, where x and y are positive numbers, and the third preset reception time is the maximum value of the source aliased data length. In one embodiment of the present invention, for example, if the seismic data reception time ∈ (T0, T1) and x = y = 0.2s, then the reception time corresponding to the background noise data ∈ (T0, T2), the reception time corresponding to the first arrival data of the main well shot ∈ (T2, T2 + 0.2s), the reception time corresponding to the reflection data of the main well shot ∈ (T2 + 0.2s, T3), the reception time corresponding to the first arrival data of the auxiliary well shot ∈ (T3, T3 + 0.2s), and the reception time corresponding to the reflection data of the auxiliary well shot ∈ (T3 + 0.2s, T1), where T0 is the minimum value of the seismic data reception time, T1 is the maximum value of the seismic data reception time, T2 is the first arrival time of the main well shot, and T3 is the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot.

[0069] In this invention, considering that the reception time of the first arrival data corresponding to the main and auxiliary well shots is short and does not meet the sampling requirements of Fourier transform, it is easy to generate false frequencies. Therefore, the first arrival data and reflection data of the main well shot in the seismic data of the main well shot are further determined, and the first arrival data and reflection data of the auxiliary well shot in the seismic data of the auxiliary well shot are determined, so as to extend the first arrival data in the future.

[0070] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, step 1051 includes:

[0071] Step 201: Determine the third amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot initial arrival data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, the fourth amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot reflection data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, the fifth amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot initial arrival data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, and the sixth amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data in each frequency band in the frequency domain.

[0072] Specifically, the abnormal first-arrival data of the main well is extended. The amplitude value of the extended data is equal to the average amplitude value of the K sampling points with the largest reception time of the abnormal first-arrival data, where K is a positive integer. A Fourier transform is performed on the extended abnormal first-arrival data. Within the frequency domain of the Fourier transform result of the extended abnormal first-arrival data, the Fourier transform result is divided into equal-interval frequencies to determine multiple frequency bands corresponding to the Fourier transform result of the extended abnormal first-arrival data, and the third amplitude value of the abnormal first-arrival data in each frequency band in the frequency domain is determined. For example, if the abnormal first-arrival data consists of data corresponding to 10 sampling points, then the extension is performed based on the average amplitude value of the 5 sampling points with the largest reception time.

[0073] Similarly, the initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well is extended. The amplitude value of the extended data is equal to the average amplitude value of the K sampling points with the largest reception time of the initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well, where K is a positive integer. A Fourier transform is performed on the extended initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well. Within the frequency domain of the Fourier transform result of the extended initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well, the Fourier transform result of the extended initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well is divided into equal intervals to determine multiple frequency bands corresponding to the Fourier transform result of the extended initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well. The fifth amplitude value of the initial arrival data of the abnormal auxiliary well in each frequency band in the frequency domain is then determined.

[0074] The process of obtaining the fourth and sixth amplitude values ​​is described in step 1051, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] Step 1053 includes:

[0076] Step 10531: If the third amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot initial arrival data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0077] Specifically, when the third amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the Fourier transform result of the extended abnormal main well shot first arrival data is attenuated based on the preset attenuation formula to obtain the first attenuation result. The first attenuation result is then subjected to an inverse Fourier transform, and the extended portion is cut off in the spatiotemporal domain, thereby attenuating the abnormal main well shot first arrival data in the seismic data.

[0078] Step 10532: If the fourth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0079] Specifically, when the fourth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the Fourier transform result of the abnormal main well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the preset attenuation formula to obtain the second attenuation result. The second attenuation result is then subjected to an inverse Fourier transform, thereby attenuating the abnormal main well shot reflection data in the seismic data.

[0080] Step 1054 includes:

[0081] Step 10541: If the fifth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal auxiliary well shot initial arrival data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0082] Specifically, when the fifth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the Fourier transform result of the extended abnormal auxiliary well shot first arrival data is attenuated based on the preset attenuation formula to obtain the third attenuation result. The third attenuation result is then subjected to an inverse Fourier transform, thereby attenuating the abnormal auxiliary well shot first arrival data in the seismic data.

[0083] Step 10542: If the sixth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, attenuate the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0084] Specifically, when the sixth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the Fourier transform result of the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the preset attenuation formula to obtain the fourth attenuation result. The fourth attenuation result is then subjected to an inverse Fourier transform, thereby attenuating the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data in the seismic data.

[0085] The preset attenuation formula is as follows:

[0086] B p,j (i)=A p,j (i)*H p,j (i);

[0087] Where p is either the main well shot seismic data or the auxiliary well shot seismic data, and B is... p,j (i) represents the attenuated amplitude value of the i-th sampling point in p of the j-th anomalous seismic data, A p,j (i) represents the amplitude value before attenuation at the i-th sampling point in p of the j-th anomalous seismic data, H. p,j (i); represents the filter coefficients for the i-th sampling point in p of the j-th anomalous seismic data, H p,j The value of (i) is:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, Thresh p,j (i)*W represents the threshold amplitude value of the i-th sampling point in p of the j-th anomalous seismic data. p,j (i) represents the amplitude value of the background noise data corresponding to the j-th anomalous seismic data, W is a preset coefficient, and abs p,j (A(i)) is A p,j The integer part of (i).

[0090] In this invention, considering that the reception time of the first arrival data corresponding to the main and auxiliary well shots may be short, the first arrival regions corresponding to the main and auxiliary well shots are extended. After extension, the extended first arrival data of the main well shot, the main well shot reflection data, the extended first arrival data of the auxiliary well shot, and the auxiliary well shot reflection data are attenuated to obtain the target aliasing data. This invention does not damage the first arrival data of the main and auxiliary well shots and the near shot reflection data, and provides high signal-to-noise ratio data for subsequent aliasing separation and first arrival picking.

[0091] Figure 5This is a structural diagram of a land well shot composite data processing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The device 30 may include:

[0092] The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire source aliasing data of land well shots; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received by multiple receiver points;

[0093] The first determining module 302 is used to determine the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each of the seismic data from the source aliased data;

[0094] The second determining module 303 is used to partition the seismic data according to the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, to obtain the main well shot seismic data, the auxiliary well shot seismic data, and the background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot.

[0095] The receiving module 304 is used to determine the abnormal seismic data in the seismic data based on the amplitude value of each of the background noise data;

[0096] The output module 305 is used to perform noise attenuation on the abnormal main well shot seismic data and abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to each abnormal seismic data, based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, to obtain target aliased data.

[0097] Optionally, the receiving module 304 is specifically used to acquire the root mean square amplitude value of the background noise data;

[0098] When the root mean square amplitude value is greater than a preset amplitude value, the seismic data corresponding to the background noise data is determined to be abnormal seismic data.

[0099] Optionally, the output module 305 includes:

[0100] The first amplitude value module is used to determine, for each of the abnormal seismic data, the first amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain and the second amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, and to determine the abnormal amplitude value of the abnormal background noise data in each frequency band in the frequency domain.

[0101] The second amplitude value module is used to obtain a threshold amplitude value based on the abnormal amplitude value;

[0102] The first output module is used to attenuate the abnormal main well shot seismic data based on the threshold amplitude value when the first amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value.

[0103] The second output module is used to attenuate the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data based on the threshold amplitude value when the second amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value.

[0104] Optionally, the main shaft shot seismic data includes: main shaft shot initial arrival data and main shaft shot reflection data; the auxiliary shaft shot seismic data includes: auxiliary shaft shot initial arrival data and auxiliary shaft shot reflection data.

[0105] The second determining module includes:

[0106] The first determining submodule is used to take the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first preset reception time as the first arrival data of the main well shot;

[0107] The second determining submodule is used to take the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the first preset reception time and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot as the main well shot reflection data;

[0108] The third determining submodule is used to take the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the initial arrival time of the secondary shaft shot and the second preset reception time as the initial arrival data of the secondary shaft shot;

[0109] The fourth determining submodule is used to select the seismic data whose reception time is between the second preset reception time and the third preset reception time as the auxiliary well shot reflection data;

[0110] The fifth determination submodule is used to treat the seismic data whose reception time is before the initial arrival time of the main well shot as background noise data.

[0111] Optionally, the first amplitude value module is specifically used to determine the third amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot initial arrival data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, the fourth amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot reflection data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, the fifth amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot initial arrival data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, and the sixth amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data in each frequency band in the frequency domain.

[0112] The first output module is specifically used to attenuate the abnormal main well shot initial arrival data based on the threshold amplitude value when the third amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value.

[0113] If the fourth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value;

[0114] The second output module is specifically used to attenuate the abnormal auxiliary well shot initial arrival data based on the threshold amplitude value when the fifth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value.

[0115] If the sixth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

[0116] In summary, the land well shot aliasing data processing device provided in this embodiment of the invention identifies abnormal background noise by using the background noise data received by each detector point in the source aliasing data, and uses the identified abnormal background noise data to perform frequency domain abnormal noise attenuation on the main well shot seismic data and the auxiliary well shot seismic data, thereby achieving high-fidelity abnormal noise attenuation for complex land-based well shot aliasing work areas.

[0117] The present invention also provides an electronic device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 The system includes: a processor 401, a memory 402, and a computer program 4021 stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the land well shot cascading data processing method of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0118] The present invention also provides a readable storage medium, wherein when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is able to perform the land well shot aliasing data processing method of the foregoing embodiments.

[0119] As the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0120] The algorithms and displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device. Various general-purpose systems can also be used in conjunction with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such systems is apparent from the above description. Furthermore, this invention is not directed to any particular programming language. It should be understood that the contents of the invention described herein can be implemented using various programming languages, and the above description of specific languages ​​is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of the invention.

[0121] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0122] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify the invention and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0124] The various component embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, or as software modules running on one or more processors, or a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will understand that microprocessors or digital signal processors (DSPs) can be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components in the sorting device according to the present invention. The present invention can also be implemented as a device or apparatus program for performing part or all of the methods described herein. Such a program implementing the present invention can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can be in the form of one or more signals. Such signals can be downloaded from an Internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0125] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the invention and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0127] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0128] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preprocessing cascaded data from land well shots, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire source aliasing data from land well shots; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received from multiple receiver points; From the source aliased data, determine the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each of the seismic data; Based on the first arrival times of the main well shot and the auxiliary well shot, the seismic data is partitioned to obtain the main well shot seismic data, auxiliary well shot seismic data, and background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot. Based on the amplitude values ​​of each of the background noise data, abnormal seismic data in the seismic data are determined; For each of the anomalous seismic data, based on the anomalous background noise data corresponding to the anomalous seismic data, noise attenuation is performed on the anomalous main well shot seismic data and the anomalous auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to the anomalous seismic data to obtain the target aliased data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining anomalous seismic data in the seismic data based on the amplitude values ​​of the background noise data includes: Obtain the root mean square amplitude value of the background noise data; When the root mean square amplitude value is greater than a preset amplitude value, the seismic data corresponding to the background noise data is determined to be abnormal seismic data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each of the anomalous seismic data points, based on the corresponding anomalous background noise data, noise attenuation is performed on the anomalous main well shot seismic data and the anomalous auxiliary well shot seismic data, including: For each of the abnormal seismic data, determine the first amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain and the second amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, and determine the abnormal amplitude value of the abnormal background noise data in each frequency band in the frequency domain. Based on the abnormal amplitude value, obtain the threshold amplitude value; If the first amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot seismic data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value; If the second amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main shaft shot seismic data includes: main shaft shot initial arrival data and main shaft shot reflection data; the auxiliary shaft shot seismic data includes: auxiliary shaft shot initial arrival data and auxiliary shaft shot reflection data. The seismic data is partitioned according to the first arrival times of the main well shot and the auxiliary well shot to obtain the main well shot seismic data, auxiliary well shot seismic data, and background noise data before well shot excitation in the source aliasing data, including: The data in the seismic data whose reception time falls between the initial arrival time of the main well shot and the first preset reception time shall be used as the initial arrival data of the main well shot; The seismic data whose reception time falls between the first preset reception time and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot are used as the main well shot reflection data; The data in the seismic data whose reception time falls between the initial arrival time of the secondary shaft shot and the second preset reception time shall be used as the initial arrival data of the secondary shaft shot; The data in the seismic data whose reception time falls between the second preset reception time and the third preset reception time are used as the auxiliary well shot reflection data; Data received before the initial arrival time of the main shaft shot in the seismic data are used as background noise data.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the first amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot seismic data in each frequency band and the second amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain includes: Determine the third amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot initial arrival data in each frequency band, the fourth amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot reflection data in each frequency band, the fifth amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot initial arrival data in each frequency band, and the sixth amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data in each frequency band in the frequency domain. The step of attenuating the abnormal main well shot seismic data based on the threshold amplitude value when the first amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value includes: If the third amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot initial arrival data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value; If the fourth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal main well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value; When the second amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value, including: If the fifth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal auxiliary well shot initial arrival data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value; If the sixth amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value, the abnormal auxiliary well shot reflection data is attenuated based on the threshold amplitude value.

6. A preprocessing device for cascaded data from land-based well shots, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire source aliasing data from land well shots; the source aliasing data includes: seismic data received from multiple receiver points; The first determining module is used to determine the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot in each of the source aliased data from the source aliased data; The second determining module is used to partition the seismic data according to the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot, to obtain the main well shot seismic data, auxiliary well shot seismic data and background noise data before the well shot excitation in the source aliasing data; the reception time of the background noise data in the same seismic data is less than the first arrival time of the main well shot. The receiving module is used to determine the abnormal seismic data in the seismic data based on the amplitude values ​​of each of the background noise data. The output module is used to perform noise attenuation on the abnormal main well shot seismic data and abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data corresponding to each abnormal seismic data, based on the abnormal background noise data corresponding to the abnormal seismic data, to obtain target aliased data.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output module includes: The first amplitude value module is used to determine, for each of the abnormal seismic data, the first amplitude value of the abnormal main well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain and the second amplitude value of the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data in each frequency band in the frequency domain, and to determine the abnormal amplitude value of the abnormal background noise data in each frequency band in the frequency domain. The second amplitude value module is used to obtain a threshold amplitude value based on the abnormal amplitude value; The first output module is used to attenuate the abnormal main well shot seismic data based on the threshold amplitude value when the first amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value. The second output module is used to attenuate the abnormal auxiliary well shot seismic data based on the threshold amplitude value when the second amplitude value is greater than the threshold amplitude value.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main shaft shot seismic data includes: main shaft shot initial arrival data and main shaft shot reflection data; the auxiliary shaft shot seismic data includes: auxiliary shaft shot initial arrival data and auxiliary shaft shot reflection data. The second determining module includes: The first determining submodule is used to take the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the first arrival time of the main well shot and the first preset reception time as the first arrival data of the main well shot; The second determining submodule is used to take the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the first preset reception time and the first arrival time of the auxiliary well shot as the main well shot reflection data; The third determining submodule is used to take the data in the seismic data whose reception time is between the initial arrival time of the secondary shaft shot and the second preset reception time as the initial arrival data of the secondary shaft shot; The fourth determining submodule is used to select the seismic data whose reception time is between the second preset reception time and the third preset reception time as the auxiliary well shot reflection data; The fifth determination submodule is used to treat the seismic data whose reception time is before the initial arrival time of the main well shot as background noise data.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the land well shot cascade data processing apparatus method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of the electronic device, the electronic device is able to perform the land well shot cascade data processing method according to any one of claims 1-5.

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