Overall flood classification method and system based on flood composition and encountering conditions
By using a two-step classification method to quantitatively analyze the composition and occurrence of floods, the problem of ambiguity in upstream and downstream flood classification was solved, and refined classification was achieved, providing a scientific basis and real-time scheduling support for flood control scheduling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA THREE GORGES CORPORATION
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to achieve quantitative and detailed classification of floods across the entire upstream and downstream region, particularly lacking sufficient quantitative analysis of flood composition and occurrence conditions. This results in ambiguous classification results that fail to meet the precise requirements of flood control scheduling.
A two-step classification method is adopted. First, the flood is initially classified by calculating the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream section to the flood volume at different times in the downstream. Then, the flood is further subdivided by flood encounter evaluation indicators to achieve a refined classification of the flood.
It achieves two-dimensional quantitative classification of floods in the upstream and downstream areas, with more accurate classification results. It is applicable to the actual linkage characteristics of floods in the basin, provides a scientific basis for classification, and provides a fast and accurate scheduling plan for flood control.
Smart Images
Figure CN121997100A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrological analysis technology, and in particular to a method and system for classifying floods based on their composition and occurrence. Background Technology
[0002] Flood classification research is a fundamental task in hydrological analysis and research. It is not only related to the scientific design of flood control projects, but also provides a reference for finding similar floods, which can directly affect the formulation of flood control scheduling strategies.
[0003] Currently, scholars both domestically and internationally have conducted extensive research on flood classification, which has evolved from early descriptions of single phenomena to a multi-dimensional and comprehensive system. The mainstream classification framework is primarily based on three core dimensions: first, the direct causes of flood formation (such as heavy rain, snowmelt, and ice jams); second, the spatiotemporal characteristics of floods (such as geographical location, seasonal distribution, and evolution); and third, flood intensity indicators (such as return period, peak flow, and inundation extent). This multi-faceted classification system enables a more comprehensive understanding of flood characteristics and provides a systematic scientific basis for flood prevention and disaster reduction.
[0004] With the development of information technology, data-driven intelligent classification methods are gradually revolutionizing traditional flood classification research. These methods analyze multi-source hydrological data and use machine learning algorithms to build automatic classification models, improving the objectivity and accuracy of flood classification (including clustering analysis algorithms, multi-source data fusion classification, etc.).
[0005] Most of the methods mentioned above focus on the analysis and classification of flood characteristics at a single cross section. There is a lack of research on the classification methods for floods in the upstream and downstream areas as a whole. Most of them only consider the composition of floods or the flood encounter situation qualitatively, and it is difficult to quantitatively and finely classify the overall flood. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a method and system for classifying overall floods based on flood composition and encounter conditions. This method and system can classify overall floods and quantitatively refine the classification of overall floods in upstream and downstream areas, providing basic support for research on overall design floods and similar flood identification.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a comprehensive flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions, comprising: S1. Collect and organize overall flood data of the research section, including the flood process of the research section and the inflow process of the main upstream inflow sections at the corresponding time. S2. Calculate the proportion of the inflow from the main upstream cross-section to the flood volume of the downstream flood at different times for different overall floods; S3. Calculate the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream cross-section to the flood volume of the downstream flood at different times for each overall flood. S4. The floods are initially classified according to the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream sections to the flood volume at different times in the downstream flood. S5. Define flood encounter evaluation indicators and perform secondary classification of the overall flood based on the evaluation indicators to achieve refined classification of the overall flood.
[0008] Preferably, S1 specifically comprises: Collect and organize overall flood data for the research section, including flow data for each flood event at the research section. Q down,i , i =1,2,…, N Data on the flow rate of the main upstream cross-sections at the same time. Q up,i , i = 1,2,…, N ;in, Q down,i For the first i The overall downstream flow process of the flood. Q up,i For the first i The upstream water inflow process during the overall flood period, N This indicates the total number of floods selected.
[0009] Preferably, S2 is: calculating the first... i The proportion of upstream water inflow to downstream flood volume at different times in the overall flood event i i,n .
[0010] More preferably, calculate the first i The proportion of upstream water inflow to downstream flood volume at different times in the overall flood event i i,n Specifically: ; in, n The number of days representing the flood volume during the calculation period, in days (d), is dynamically adjusted based on the duration of typical floods. T p,i Indicates the first i The peak time of the overall flood at the downstream section; T This indicates the average propagation time of the flow rate from the main upstream section to the downstream section, expressed in hours (h).
[0011] More preferably, S3 is: Calculate the first iThe average proportion of upstream water inflow at major cross-sections to downstream flood volume at different times during the overall flood event. Specifically: .
[0012] More preferably, S4 specifically comprises: according to N The flood was initially classified based on the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream sections to the downstream flood volume at different times, as follows: ; Among them, min() means to find the minimum value; max() means to find the maximum value; round(),0 means to round to the nearest hundredth decimal place. This indicates the lower limit of the average percentage used for overall flood classification; This indicates the upper limit of the average percentage used for overall flood classification; M Indicates the total number of flood categories; m The serial number indicating the overall flood classification; I m Indicates the first m A set of flood sequence numbers for the whole category.
[0013] More preferably, in step S5, a flood encounter evaluation index is defined. l The details are as follows: ; in, l i Indicates the first i Evaluation indicators for the overall flood event.
[0014] More preferably, in step S5, the secondary classification of the overall flood based on evaluation indicators to achieve a refined classification of the overall flood specifically involves: According to the m The calculation results of the flood encounter evaluation index are used for the first type of flood. m The flood types are further subdivided, and the magnitude of the evaluation index is basically around 1.0. The flood type m is classified in a second way with a step size of 0.05.
[0015] More preferably, the specific process of secondary classification of the m-th type of flood with a step size of 0.05 is as follows: ; in, Indicates the first m The lower limit of the encounter evaluation index used for secondary classification of overall floods; Indicates the first mThe upper limit of the encounter evaluation index used for secondary classification of overall floods; K m Indicates the first m The number of secondary classifications for overall floods; k Indicates the first m The sequence number of the secondary classification of the overall flood; I m,k Indicates the first m In the overall flood category, the first category is classified according to the encounter evaluation index. k A set of flood sequence numbers for the overall design of the class.
[0016] In addition, the present invention also discloses a holistic flood classification system based on flood composition and encounter conditions, including at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein the memory stores instructions executed by the processor, the instructions being executed by the processor to implement the above-described holistic flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions.
[0017] Beneficial effects of this invention: I. Technical Aspect: Breaking through the limitations of traditional classification, achieving quantitative and refined classification; addressing the core shortcomings of existing technologies—which "often focus on single-section floods, only qualitatively consider flood encounters, and are difficult to refine the overall flood—this invention achieves a key breakthrough through a "two-step classification method": First, an initial classification is performed based on the "average proportion of upstream main inflow sections to downstream flood volumes at different times," clarifying the differences in flood composition; then, a secondary subdivision is performed using the "flood encounter evaluation index (1-day flood volume proportion / average proportion at different times)," quantitatively characterizing the flood encounter features (the index magnitude is around 1.0, with precise division in 0.05 step increments). This classification method achieves for the first time a two-dimensional quantitative classification of the overall upstream and downstream floods—composition + encounter—avoiding the shortcomings of traditional methods that are "vague in qualitative analysis and only analyze single sections," resulting in more accurate classification results that better reflect the actual interconnected characteristics of basin floods.
[0018] II. Fundamental Support: Providing a Scientific Basis for Core Hydrological Analysis Research; The classification results of this invention can directly provide underlying support for key watershed hydrological research, solving the problem of "insufficient support capacity" in traditional classification methods. It provides a standardized classification basis for the analysis of overall flood characteristics in the watershed (such as the spatiotemporal distribution and magnitude patterns of different types of floods) and overall flood calculation (such as design flood estimation and flood process simulation). By clarifying the "composition ratio + encounter characteristics" of different flood categories, subsequent analyses have a unified classification basis, avoiding research bias caused by classification confusion. In the embodiments, the Xiangjiaba and Tongzilin sections of the Jinsha River are used as research objects. The classification results of 15 floods (initially classified into 3 categories, and further subdivided into 5 / 3 categories) effectively verify the scientific nature of the method, further proving that it can be used as a reliable technical tool for hydrological analysis.
[0019] III. Practical Value: Highly computationally efficient and adaptable to real-time scheduling, aiding flood control and disaster reduction; This invention boasts high computational efficiency and solid theoretical foundation: The method is based on "flood volume proportion calculation + index quantification and classification," with clear steps and explicit formulas (such as the calculation logic of flood volume proportion θi,n, average proportion, and encounter index λ). It does not require the high computational power support of complex intelligent algorithms, balancing theoretical rigor with computational convenience, making it suitable for rapid classification of large-scale flood samples. This invention is adaptable to real-time flood control scheduling: In the real-time scheduling of reservoir groups and river flood control, it can quickly recommend mature scheduling schemes (such as flood control parameters and discharge strategies for similar floods) by "searching for historical floods with similar composition and encounter characteristics to the current flood," reducing the blindness of scheduling decisions and improving the timeliness and rationality of flood control scheduling, possessing strong engineering practical value.
[0020] In summary, this invention classifies overall floods and can quantitatively and meticulously classify overall floods in upstream and downstream areas, providing fundamental support for research on overall design floods and similar flood identification. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a comprehensive flood classification method based on flood composition and occurrence conditions. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 A comprehensive flood classification method based on flood composition and occurrence conditions includes: S1. Collect and organize overall flood data of the research section, including the flood process of the research section and the inflow process of the main upstream inflow sections at the corresponding time. S2. Calculate the proportion of the inflow from the main upstream cross-section to the flood volume of the downstream flood at different times for different overall floods; S3. Calculate the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream cross-section to the flood volume of the downstream flood at different times for each overall flood. S4. The floods are initially classified according to the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream sections to the flood volume at different times in the downstream flood. S5. Define flood encounter evaluation indicators and perform secondary classification of the overall flood based on the evaluation indicators to achieve refined classification of the overall flood.
[0024] Specifically, S1 involves collecting and organizing the overall flood data of the research section, including the flow data of flood events at the research section. Q down,i ( i = 1,2,…, N), upstream main inflow cross-section flow process data at the same time. Q up,i ( i = 1,2,…, N ).in, Q down,i Indicates the first i The overall downstream flow process of the flood. Q up,i Indicates the first i The upstream water inflow process during the overall flood period, N This indicates the total number of floods selected.
[0025] Specifically, S2 involves calculating the... i The proportion of upstream water inflow to downstream flood volume at different times in the overall flood event i i,n Specifically: ; in, n The number of days representing the flood volume during the calculation period, in days (d), is usually taken as 1, 3, 5, 7, etc., and needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the duration of typical floods. T p,i Indicates the first i The peak time of the overall flood at the downstream section; T This indicates the average propagation time of the flow rate from the main upstream section to the downstream section, expressed in hours (h).
[0026] Specifically, S3 involves: calculating the... i The average proportion of upstream water inflow at major cross-sections to downstream flood volume at different times during the overall flood event. Specifically: ; Specifically, S4 is: according to N The flood was initially classified based on the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream sections to the downstream flood volume at different times (in 10% increments, which can be adjusted as needed), as follows: ; Among them, min() means to find the minimum value; max() means to find the maximum value; round(),0 means to round to the nearest hundredth decimal place. This indicates the lower limit of the average percentage used for overall flood classification; This indicates the upper limit of the average percentage used for overall flood classification; M Indicates the total number of flood categories; m The serial number indicating the overall flood classification; I mIndicates the first m A set of flood sequence numbers for the whole category.
[0027] Specifically, S5 defines flood encounter assessment indicators. l The details are as follows: ; in, l i Indicates the first i Evaluation indicators for the overall flood event.
[0028] According to the m The calculation results of the flood encounter evaluation index are used for the first type of flood. m The flood types are further subdivided. Since the magnitude of the evaluation index is generally around 1.0, the m-th flood type is further classified with a step size of 0.05, as follows: ; in, Indicates the first m The lower limit of the encounter evaluation index used for secondary classification of overall floods; Indicates the first m The upper limit of the encounter evaluation index used for secondary classification of overall floods; K m Indicates the first m The number of secondary classifications for overall floods; k Indicates the first m The sequence number of the secondary classification of the overall flood; I m,k Indicates the first m In the overall flood category, the first category is classified according to the encounter evaluation index. k A set of flood sequence numbers for the overall design of the class.
[0029] Example 2: A comprehensive flood classification system based on flood composition and encounter conditions includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executed by the processor to implement the above-described comprehensive flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions.
[0030] Example 3: Taking the overall flood of the Jinsha River after the restoration of the reservoir's regulation effect as an example, we conduct an overall flood classification analysis based on the flood composition and encounter conditions to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method of the present invention.
[0031] Xiangjiaba was selected as the downstream control section. Since the two main upstream inflow sections, Panzhihua and Tongzilin, have similar inflow volumes, Tongzilin was chosen as the upstream inflow section for overall flood classification analysis. The 15 flood data collected are shown in Table 1.
[0032] Table 1 Excerpt of flood statistics
[0033] Based on S2 and S3 described in the specific implementation method, the proportion of flood volume in Tongzilin to Xiangjiaba during the 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of the 15 floods and the average proportion of flood volume in different time periods were calculated, as shown in Table 2.
[0034] Table 2 Calculation results of flood composition
[0035] According to S4 in the specific implementation method, the 15 floods are initially classified into 3 categories based on the average proportion of flood volume in different time periods: average proportion less than or equal to 30%, average proportion greater than 30% but less than or equal to 40%, and average proportion greater than 40%, as detailed in Table 3.
[0036] Table 3 Preliminary Classification Results of Overall Floods
[0037] According to S5 in the specific implementation method, the encounter evaluation index of floods of categories 2 and 3 in Table 3 is calculated, and secondary classification is performed based on the index. Flood category 2 is subdivided into 5 categories, and flood category 3 is subdivided into 3 categories, as detailed in Table 4.
[0038] Table 4 Overall Flood Classification Results
[0039] As can be seen from the above analysis, the method of the present invention is highly practical and can effectively solve the problem of overall flood classification.
[0040] In summary, this invention has advantages such as practicality and strong operability, and can quickly realize overall flood classification based on flood composition and encounter conditions, providing basic support for research on overall design floods and similar flood identification.
[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A comprehensive flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions, characterized in that, include: S1. Collect and organize overall flood data of the research section, including the flood process of the research section and the inflow process of the main upstream inflow sections at the corresponding time. S2. Calculate the proportion of the inflow from the main upstream cross-section to the flood volume of the downstream flood at different times for different overall floods; S3. Calculate the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream cross-section to the flood volume of the downstream flood at different times for each overall flood. S4. The floods are initially classified according to the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream sections to the flood volume at different times in the downstream flood. S5. Define flood encounter evaluation indicators and perform secondary classification of the overall flood based on the evaluation indicators to achieve refined classification of the overall flood.
2. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, S1 is: Collect and organize overall flood data for the research section, including flow data for each flood event at the research section. Q down,i , i = 1,2,…, N Data on the flow rate of the main upstream cross-sections at the same time. Q up,i , i = 1,2,…, N ;in, Q down,i For the first i The overall downstream flow process of the flood. Q up,i For the first i The upstream water inflow process during the overall flood period, N This indicates the total number of floods selected.
3. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 is: calculating the... i The proportion of upstream water inflow to downstream flood volume at different times in the overall flood event θ i,n .
4. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, Calculate the first i The proportion of upstream water inflow to downstream flood volume at different times in the overall flood event θ i,n Specifically: ； in, n The number of days representing the flood volume during the calculation period, in days (d), is dynamically adjusted based on the duration of typical floods. T p,i Indicates the first i The peak time of the overall flood at the downstream section; T This indicates the average propagation time of the flow rate from the main upstream section to the downstream section, expressed in hours (h).
5. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, S3 is: Calculate the first i The average proportion of upstream water inflow at major cross-sections to downstream flood volume at different times during the overall flood event. Specifically: 。 6. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that, Specifically, S4 is: according to N The flood was initially classified based on the average proportion of the inflow from the main upstream sections to the downstream flood volume at different times, as follows: ； Among them, min() means to find the minimum value; max() means to find the maximum value; round(),0 means to round to the nearest hundredth decimal place. This indicates the lower limit of the average percentage used for overall flood classification; This indicates the upper limit of the average percentage used for overall flood classification; M Indicates the total number of flood categories; m The serial number indicating the overall flood classification; I m Indicates the first m A set of flood sequence numbers for the whole category.
7. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S5, flood encounter evaluation indicators are defined. λ The details are as follows: ； in, λ i Indicates the first i Evaluation indicators for the overall flood event.
8. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S5, the overall flood is classified a second time according to the evaluation indicators to achieve a refined classification of the overall flood. Specifically, this is as follows: According to the m The calculation results of the flood encounter evaluation index are used for the first type of flood. m The flood types are further subdivided, and the magnitude of the evaluation index is basically around 1.
0. The flood type m is classified in a second way with a step size of 0.
05.
9. The overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific process of secondary classification of the m-th type of flood with a step size of 0.05 is as follows: ； in, Indicates the first m The lower limit of the encounter evaluation index used for secondary classification of overall floods; Indicates the first m The upper limit of the encounter evaluation index used for secondary classification of overall floods; K m Indicates the first m The number of secondary classifications for overall floods; k Indicates the first m The sequence number of the secondary classification of the overall flood; I m,k Indicates the first m In the overall flood category, the first category is classified according to the encounter evaluation index. k A set of flood sequence numbers for the overall design of the class.
10. A comprehensive flood classification system based on flood composition and occurrence conditions, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein the memory stores instructions to be executed by the processor to implement the overall flood classification method based on flood composition and encounter conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.