Adjustable dragging and stacking prevention compacting machine for straw returning machine

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of agricultural machinery, and provides an adjustable dragging and stacking prevention compacting machine for a straw returning machine. The adjusting module comprises a fixed support and a cantilever support, the fixed support is arranged above the cantilever support, a V-shaped swing rod is hinged to the cantilever support, a hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed support, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the V-shaped swing rod, and a check ring is hinged to the lower end of the V-shaped swing rod; the check ring is connected with a hanging beam arranged above the pressing roller support through a damping suite. The monitoring module is used for monitoring the pressing force and the rotating speed of the pressing roller. According to the device, the pressing force is actively adjusted through the hydraulic cylinder, the damping suite buffers ground impact, the monitoring module feeds back the pressing force and rotating speed information in real time, straw dragging and piling faults can be automatically recognized, the pressing roller is lifted to remove blockage, and the uniformity, the automation degree and the operation efficiency of pressing operation are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to an adjustable anti-drag compactor for straw returning machines. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of agricultural automation, agricultural machinery and equipment are becoming increasingly diverse. In tillage operations, rollers play important roles in breaking up soil, compacting it, conserving moisture, promoting seedling growth, and improving the soil's drought and cold resistance. In actual operation, the appropriate rolling pressure needs to be selected according to the soil texture and moisture condition, and is usually divided into three levels: light, medium, and heavy.

[0003] However, traditional straw rollers have a simple structure, and the pressure adjustment usually relies on adding or removing counterweights, which is inefficient and inconvenient. Furthermore, when straw is unevenly distributed or the terrain is undulating, the pressure becomes unstable, and straw piles easily form in front of the roller, causing the roller to stop, thus affecting the quality and efficiency of the operation. In addition, the traditional roller shaft is rigidly connected to the implement, lacking shock absorption devices, resulting in high impact loads during operation; and there is a lack of information feedback, meaning the operator cannot know the pressure and roller status in real time. Therefore, inventing a straw roller that can both adjust the pressure intensity and handle straw pile-ups is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable anti-drag compactor for straw returning machines, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine includes:

[0006] A press roller bracket is used to install a press roller. The two ends of the press roller bracket are connected to the two sides of the straw returning machine housing through connecting units and can move in the vertical direction.

[0007] The adjustment module includes a fixed bracket and a cantilever bracket mounted on the outer shell of the straw returning machine. The fixed bracket is positioned above the cantilever bracket. A V-shaped swing arm is hinged to the cantilever bracket, and a hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed bracket. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the V-shaped swing arm, and a retaining ring is hinged to the lower end of the V-shaped swing arm. The retaining ring is connected to a suspension beam mounted above the press roller bracket via a shock-absorbing kit.

[0008] The monitoring module includes a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure of the press roll and an encoder for monitoring the rotational speed of the press roll.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the pressing roller includes a seamless roller, and two liners are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the seamless roller, and each liner is connected to a shaft head.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the press roller support includes two fixed side plates; the shaft ends at both ends of the press roller are respectively mounted on the fixed side plates through bearing supports, and the encoder is mounted on the fixed side plates and connected to the shaft ends; the two fixed side plates are connected by two symmetrically arranged support beams, and the suspension beam is mounted on the support beams.

[0011] A further technical solution involves mounting a straw combing mechanism on the front support beam and installing a soil-cleaning scraper on the rear support beam.

[0012] In a further technical solution, two sets of adjustment modules are symmetrically arranged on the press roller support.

[0013] A further technical solution includes a shock-absorbing support column, the bottom end of which is hinged to the suspension beam, and the pressure sensor is located at the connection between the shock-absorbing support column and the suspension beam. The upper end of the shock-absorbing support column passes through the retaining ring, and a shock-absorbing spring that abuts against the retaining ring is also fitted on the shock-absorbing support column. The shock-absorbing support column is threaded, and a limit nut is installed at the end of the shock-absorbing support column above the retaining ring to limit the retaining ring.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the connecting unit includes a fixed seat installed on the side of the straw returning machine housing, and two parallel connecting rods are hinged to each fixed seat, with the other end of each connecting rod hinged to the front end of the support beam.

[0015] A further technical solution also includes a hydraulic control circuit, which includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to an external hydraulic supply device, and one end of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both connected to a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve.

[0016] A one-way valve and a proportional pressure reducing valve are sequentially installed on the oil inlet pipe, and a cooler is installed on the oil outlet pipe; the oil outlet pipe located between the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve and the cooler is connected to the oil inlet pipe located in front of the inlet end of the one-way valve through a pipeline, and a solenoid relief valve is also installed on this pipeline; an accumulator and a hydraulic high-pressure ball valve are also connected to the area of ​​the oil inlet pipe between the one-way valve and the proportional pressure reducing valve.

[0017] The inlets of the two hydraulic cylinders are connected to the flow divider and combiner valve via pipelines, and the outlets are connected in parallel to the same port of the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve via pipelines. Furthermore, a stacked throttle valve is installed on both the inlet and outlet pipelines of the hydraulic cylinders.

[0018] The present invention provides an adjustable anti-drag compactor for straw returning machines, the beneficial effects of which are as follows:

[0019] (1) By setting up a hydraulic cylinder, the pressing pressure of the straw returning machine can be actively adjusted, reducing manual operation; it changes the traditional rigid connection between the pressing roller device and the machine, and can also realize automatic pressing pressure adjustment during operation. Based on the feedback of sensor information, the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted autonomously to change the pressing pressure, thereby improving the uniformity of pressing pressure during operation.

[0020] (2) By setting up shock-absorbing kits, the impact load caused by ground undulation during operation can be reduced, and the uniformity of the pressure during operation can be improved.

[0021] (3) By setting up a monitoring module, the pressure sensor can provide feedback on the pressing pressure, and the encoder can detect the blockage of straw pile at the pressing roller, providing data reference for the driver and reducing manual experience operation.

[0022] (4) A method is provided to solve the problem of straw clogging at the pressing roller of the straw returning machine. The pressing roller can be raised and lowered independently, which can eliminate the straw accumulation blockage without stopping the operation, thus solving the problems of machine stoppage and manual cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic control circuit in an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seamless roller in an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the compaction roller in an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the press roller support in an adjustable anti-drag press for a straw returning machine, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the interaction of a V-shaped swing arm, a cantilever bracket, a retaining ring, and a shock-absorbing kit.

[0029] In the attached diagram: 1. Fixed bracket; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. V-shaped swing arm; 4. Cantilever bracket; 5. Retaining ring; 6. Shock absorber kit; 6-1. Shock absorber support; 6-2. Shock absorber spring; 7. Hanging beam; 8. Press roller bracket; 8-1. Support beam; 8-2. Fixed side plate; 8-3. Reinforcing square beam; 8-4. Soil cleaning scraper; 9. Press roller; 9-1. Seamless roller; 9-2. Shaft head; 9-3. Liner plate; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Bearing support; 12. Encoder; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Fixed seat; 15. Check valve; 16. Solenoid overflow valve; 17. Cooler; 18. Proportional pressure reducing valve; 19. Accumulator; 20. Hydraulic high-pressure ball valve; 21. Two-position four-way solenoid directional valve; 22. Diverter and combiner valve; 23. Stacked throttle valve; 24. Oil inlet pipe A; 25. Oil outlet pipe B. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, an adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine, according to an embodiment of the present invention, includes:

[0033] The press roller bracket 8 is used to install the press roller 9. The two ends of the press roller bracket 8 are connected to the two sides of the straw returning machine housing through connecting units and can move in the vertical direction.

[0034] The adjustment module includes a fixed bracket 1 and a cantilever bracket 4 mounted on the outer shell of the straw returning machine. The fixed bracket 1 is positioned above the cantilever bracket 4. A V-shaped swing arm 3 is hinged to the cantilever bracket 4. A hydraulic cylinder 2 is hinged to the fixed bracket 1. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is hinged to the upper end of the V-shaped swing arm 3. A retaining ring 5 is hinged to the lower end of the V-shaped swing arm 3. The retaining ring 5 is connected to the suspension beam 7 mounted above the press roller bracket 8 via a shock-absorbing kit 6.

[0035] The monitoring module includes a pressure sensor 10 for monitoring the pressure of the press roller 9 and an encoder 12 for monitoring the rotational speed of the press roller 9.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic cylinder 2 is the active component of the ballast and is used to adjust the preload of the shock absorber kit 6.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressing roller 9 includes a seamless roller 9-1, and two liners 9-3 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the seamless roller 9-1, and each of the liners 9-3 is connected to a shaft head 9-2.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the press roller support 8 includes two fixed side plates 8-2; the shaft heads 9-2 at both ends of the press roller 9 are respectively mounted on the fixed side plates 8-2 through bearing supports 11, and the encoder 12 is mounted on the fixed side plates 8-2 and connected to the shaft heads 9-2; the two fixed side plates 8-2 are connected by two symmetrically arranged support beams 8-1, and the hanging beam 7 is mounted on the support beams 8-1.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, a reinforcing square beam 8-3 is also connected between the two support beams 8-1 to enhance the overall rigidity of the press roller bracket 8. A straw combing mechanism can be mounted on the front support beam 8-1, and a soil-cleaning scraper 8-4 is provided on the rear support beam 8-1.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of adjustment modules are symmetrically arranged on the press roller support 8 to ensure that a balanced pressing pressure is applied to the press roller 9.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shock-absorbing kit 6 includes a shock-absorbing support column 6-1, the bottom end of which is hinged to the hanging beam 7, and the pressure sensor 10 is disposed at the connection between the shock-absorbing support column 6-1 and the hanging beam 7. The upper end of the shock-absorbing support column 6-1 passes through the retaining ring 5, and a shock-absorbing spring 6-2 that abuts against the retaining ring 5 is also sleeved on the shock-absorbing support column 6-1. The shock-absorbing support column 6-1 is provided with threads, and a limit nut is installed at one end of the shock-absorbing support column 6-1 above the retaining ring 5 for limiting the retaining ring 5.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure sensor 10 is a pin-type pressure sensor, and the shock-absorbing support 6-1 is directly hinged to the through hole on the suspension beam 7 through the pin-type pressure sensor.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting unit includes a fixed seat 14 installed on the side of the straw returning machine housing. Each fixed seat 14 is hinged with two parallel connecting rods 13, and the other end of the connecting rod 13 is hinged to the front end of the support beam 8-1.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the vertical height of the press roller bracket 8 can be adjusted by swinging the connecting rod 13.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic control circuit is also included. The hydraulic control circuit includes an inlet pipe A and an outlet pipe B connected to an external hydraulic supply device, and one end of the inlet pipe A and the outlet pipe B are both connected to a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 21.

[0046] A one-way valve 15 and a proportional pressure reducing valve 18 are sequentially installed on the oil inlet pipe A, and a cooler 17 is installed on the oil outlet pipe B. The oil outlet pipe B, located between the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 21 and the cooler 17, is connected to the oil inlet pipe A, located in front of the inlet end of the one-way valve 15, by a pipeline, and a solenoid relief valve 16 is also installed on this pipeline. The area of ​​the oil inlet pipe A between the one-way valve 15 and the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 is also connected to an accumulator 19 and a hydraulic high-pressure ball valve 20.

[0047] The oil inlets of the two hydraulic cylinders 2 are connected to the flow divider valve 22 through pipelines, and the oil outlets are connected in parallel to the same port of the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 21 through pipelines. Furthermore, a stacked throttle valve 23 is provided on both the oil inlet and outlet pipelines of the hydraulic cylinders 2.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the one-way valve 15 is used to prevent oil backflow and ensure unidirectional oil flow; the electromagnetic relief valve 16 automatically opens when the system pressure exceeds the limit to return part of the oil and avoid system overload; the accumulator 19 stores and releases energy to maintain stable system pressure; the hydraulic high-pressure ball valve 20 maintains the system pressure set value to prevent system overload; the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 is used to precisely adjust the oil pressure entering the hydraulic cylinder 2 so that the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is adapted to the working requirements; the flow divider and combiner valve 22 is used to ensure that the oil flow rate supplied to the two hydraulic cylinders 2 is consistent when the forces on the two hydraulic cylinders 2 are inconsistent, thereby ensuring that the two hydraulic cylinders 2 can operate synchronously; the superimposed throttle valve 23 adjusts the flow rate to control the oil flow rate, thereby affecting the movement speed of the actuator, and also acts as a pressure holding valve to prevent the pressure ballast from falling suddenly; the entire circuit is controlled by operating the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 21.

[0049] Working principle: (1) Working principle of pressure regulation:

[0050] Non-constant pressure mode: Before operation, install the inlet pipe A and outlet pipe B onto the external oil supply hydraulic valve assembly. Open the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 21 through the controller to start the hydraulic control circuit. The driver operates the hydraulic multi-way valve on the tractor. At this time, high-pressure oil enters through the inlet pipe A. The valve core opening of the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 is in a 1:1 state. In this mode, the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 is in a non-working state. The high-pressure oil is evenly distributed to the two hydraulic cylinders 2 through the diverter valve 22. By adjusting the hydraulic cylinders 2, the preload of the shock absorber kit 6 is changed, and the pressure is changed accordingly. The pressure sensor 10 detects the pressure and feeds it back to the driver. Adjust it to the appropriate position to lock the hydraulic cylinder 2, and then start the operation.

[0051] Constant Pressure Mode: In this mode, the pressure level needs to be selected on the controller, and the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 plays the main regulating role. During operation, if the pressure does not reach the selected pressure level due to large ground undulations, the constant pressure mode can be activated. The controller automatically adjusts the pressure to a constant level. The pressure sensor 10 detects the pressure and feeds the data back to the controller. The controller adjusts the valve opening of the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 according to the pressure level selected by the driver and the PID algorithm. The controller compares the detected actual pressure with the preset target pressure. When the detected pressure is lower than the set value, the controller outputs a corresponding control current to the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 to increase the valve's output pressure, thereby increasing the oil pressure entering the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and increasing the output force of the hydraulic cylinder 2. When the detected pressure is higher than the set value, the controller reduces the control current of the proportional pressure reducing valve 18 to decrease the oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and decrease the output force of the hydraulic cylinder 2. Through the above real-time adjustment process, the output force of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is kept stable within the set range, thus maintaining a constant pressure on the ground from the ballast.

[0052] The working principle of straw anti-drag stacking:

[0053] When straw clogging occurs at the press roller 9, the rotational speed of the press roller 9 will change abnormally. The encoder 12, connected to the shaft head 9-2, collects its rotational speed signal in real time. The controller converts the rotational speed into linear velocity and compares it with the tractor's travel speed. When the comparison result of the two values ​​deviates from the normal range, it is determined that straw clogging has occurred, and an alarm signal is issued to remind the driver to handle it. The driver operates the tractor to switch the two-position four-way solenoid valve 21, and the press oil enters the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2 to push the hydraulic cylinder to shorten, thereby driving the press roller 9 to rise and lift off the ground, eliminating the blockage. Then, the two-position four-way solenoid valve 21 is returned to its original working position, the hydraulic cylinder 2 extends, and the press roller 9 returns to the working position. The above process of eliminating clogging does not require stopping the straw return to the field.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable anti-drag compactor for straw returning machines, characterized in that, include: A press roller bracket is used to install a press roller. The two ends of the press roller bracket are connected to the two sides of the straw returning machine housing through connecting units and can move in the vertical direction. The adjustment module includes a fixed bracket and a cantilever bracket mounted on the outer shell of the straw returning machine. The fixed bracket is positioned above the cantilever bracket. A V-shaped swing arm is hinged to the cantilever bracket, and a hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed bracket. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the V-shaped swing arm, and a retaining ring is hinged to the lower end of the V-shaped swing arm. The retaining ring is connected to a suspension beam mounted above the press roller bracket via a shock-absorbing kit. The monitoring module includes a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure of the press roll and an encoder for monitoring the rotational speed of the press roll.

2. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The press roller includes a seamless roller, and two liners are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the seamless roller, and each liner is connected to a shaft head.

3. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for straw returning machines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The press roller support includes two fixed side plates; the shaft ends at both ends of the press roller are respectively mounted on the fixed side plates through bearing supports, and the encoder is mounted on the fixed side plates and connected to the shaft ends; the two fixed side plates are connected by two symmetrically arranged support beams, and the suspension beam is mounted on the support beams.

4. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A straw combing mechanism is mounted on the front support beam, and a soil cleaning scraper is installed on the rear support beam.

5. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two sets of adjustment modules are symmetrically arranged on the press roller support.

6. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorption kit includes a shock absorption strut, the bottom end of which is hinged to the suspension beam, and the pressure sensor is located at the connection between the shock absorption strut and the suspension beam. The upper end of the shock absorption strut passes through the retaining ring, and a shock absorption spring that abuts against the retaining ring is also fitted on the shock absorption strut. The shock absorption strut is threaded, and a limit nut is installed at the end of the shock absorption strut above the retaining ring to limit the position of the retaining ring.

7. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting unit includes a fixed seat installed on the side of the straw returning machine housing. Each fixed seat has two parallel connecting rods hinged to it, and the other end of each connecting rod is hinged to the front end of the support beam.

8. The adjustable anti-drag compactor for a straw returning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a hydraulic control circuit, which includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to an external hydraulic supply device, and one end of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both connected to a two-position four-way solenoid directional valve. A one-way valve and a proportional pressure reducing valve are sequentially installed on the oil inlet pipe, and a cooler is installed on the oil outlet pipe; the oil outlet pipe located between the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve and the cooler is connected to the oil inlet pipe located in front of the inlet end of the one-way valve through a pipeline, and a solenoid relief valve is also installed on this pipeline; an accumulator and a hydraulic high-pressure ball valve are also connected to the area of ​​the oil inlet pipe between the one-way valve and the proportional pressure reducing valve. The inlets of the two hydraulic cylinders are connected to the flow divider and combiner valve via pipelines, and the outlets are connected in parallel to the same port of the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve via pipelines. Furthermore, a stacked throttle valve is installed on both the inlet and outlet pipelines of the hydraulic cylinders.

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